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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox planet
{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| minorplanet = yes
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The minor planet is named in memory of Russian astronomer [[Otto Struve]] (1897–1963), discoverer of the two asteroids [[991 McDonalda]] and [[992 Swasey]], and last of a remarkable dynasty of astronomers: the [[Struve family]].
The minor planet is named in memory of Russian astronomer [[Otto Struve]] (1897–1963), discoverer of the two asteroids [[991 McDonalda]] and [[992 Swasey]], and last of a remarkable dynasty of astronomers: the [[Struve family]].


His great-grandfather, Wilhelm Struve ''(also see [[768 Struveana]])'', founded the [[Pulkovo Observatory]] near St. Petersburg in 1839; his grandfather (Otto), uncle (Hermann) and father (Ludwig) were also distinguished astronomers. Following a period of great privation and misery after World War I, he was invited by Edwin B. Frost ''(also see [[854 Frostia]])'' to come to the U.S. [[Yerkes Observatory]] in 1921. He started working in spectroscopy and remained a spectroscopist to the end of his days. He succeeded Frost as Yerkes director in 1932 and was the major force responsible for the establishment of the Texan [[McDonald Observatory]] in 1933. Managing editor of the Astrophysical Journal from 1932 to 1947 and became head of the astronomy department of the University of California in Berkeley in 1950. He received the [[Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society]] in 1944, and the [[Bruce Medal]] in 1948. The lunar crater ''[[Struve (crater)|Struve]]'' was also named in his honor.<ref name="springer" /> The official naming citation was published by the [[Minor Planet Center]] on 13 July 1984 ({{small|[[Minor Planet Circulars|M.P.C.]] 8911/8912}}).<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive" />
His great-grandfather, Wilhelm Struve ''(also see [[768 Struveana]])'', founded the [[Pulkovo Observatory]] near St. Petersburg in 1839; his grandfather ([[Otto Wilhelm von Struve|Otto Wilhelm]]), uncle ([[Hermann von Struve|Hermann]]) and father ([[Ludwig von Struve|Ludwig]]) were also distinguished astronomers. Following a period of great privation and misery after World War I, Otto was invited by [[Edwin Brant Frost|Edwin B. Frost]] ''(also see [[854 Frostia]])'' to come to the U.S. [[Yerkes Observatory]] in 1921. He started working in spectroscopy and remained a spectroscopist to the end of his days. He succeeded Frost as Yerkes director in 1932 and was the major force responsible for the establishment of the Texan [[McDonald Observatory]] in 1933. Managing editor of the [[The Astrophysical Journal|Astrophysical Journal]] from 1932 to 1947 and became head of the astronomy department of the University of California in Berkeley in 1950.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Osterbrock |first=Donald E. |date=1995-01-01 |title=Founded in 1895 by George E. Hale and James E. Keeler: The Astrophysical Journal Centennial |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995ApJ...438....1O |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=438 |pages=5-6 |doi=10.1086/175049 |issn=0004-637X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=History -Astronomy Department |url=https://astro.berkeley.edu/about/history/ |access-date=2024-06-02 |website=astro.berkeley.edu}}</ref> He received the [[Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society]] in 1944, and the [[Bruce Medal]] in 1948. The lunar crater ''[[Struve (crater)|Struve]]'' was also named in his honor.<ref name="springer" /> The official naming citation was published by the [[Minor Planet Center]] on 13 July 1984 ({{small|[[Minor Planet Circulars|M.P.C.]] 8911/8912}}).<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive" />


== References ==
== References ==
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|type = 2017-05-01 last obs.
|type = 2017-05-01 last obs.
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2227 Otto Struve (1955 RX)
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2227 Otto Struve (1955 RX)
|url = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2002227
|url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2002227
|publisher = [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
|publisher = [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
|accessdate = 12 June 2017}}</ref>
|accessdate = 12 June 2017}}</ref>
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|title = 2227 Otto Struve (1955 RX)
|title = 2227 Otto Struve (1955 RX)
|work = Minor Planet Center
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2227
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2227
|accessdate = 7 December 2016}}</ref>
|accessdate = 7 December 2016}}</ref>


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|title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive
|title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive
|work = Minor Planet Center
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html
|accessdate = 7 December 2016}}</ref>
|accessdate = 7 December 2016}}</ref>


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|publisher = NASA/JPL
|publisher = NASA/JPL
|url = http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/glossary/h.html
|url = http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/glossary/h.html
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20010302182040/http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/glossary/h.html
|url-status = dead
|archive-date = 2 March 2001
|accessdate = 7 December 2016}}</ref>
|accessdate = 7 December 2016}}</ref>


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== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info])
* [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }})
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
* [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* [http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
* [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
* {{AstDys|2227}}
* {{AstDys|2227}}
* {{JPL small body}}
* {{JPL small body}}
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{{Minor planets navigator |2226 Cunitza |number=2227 |2228 Soyuz-Apollo}}
{{Minor planets navigator |2226 Cunitza |number=2227 |2228 Soyuz-Apollo}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Otto Struve}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Otto Struve}}
[[Category:Background asteroids|002227]]
[[Category:Background asteroids|002227]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Indiana University (Indiana Asteroid Program)|002227]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Indiana University (Indiana Asteroid Program)|002227]]
[[Category:Minor planets named for people]]
[[Category:Named minor planets]]
[[Category:Named minor planets]]
[[Category:Struve family|002227]]
[[Category:Struve family|002227]]

Latest revision as of 03:19, 9 June 2024

2227 Otto Struve
Discovery [1]
Discovered byIndiana University
(Indiana Asteroid Program)
Discovery siteGoethe Link Obs.
Discovery date13 September 1955
Designations
(2227) Otto Struve
Named after
Otto Struve
(Russian astronomer)[2]
1955 RX · 1935 UP
1955 SA2 · 1962 WL2
1965 SV · 1970 ET2
main-belt · (inner)
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc81.54 yr (29,781 days)
Aphelion2.6265 AU
Perihelion1.8468 AU
2.2366 AU
Eccentricity0.1743
3.35 yr (1,222 days)
140.74°
0° 17m 40.92s / day
Inclination4.9496°
178.90°
254.10°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions4.668±0.071[3]
9±4 (generic)[4]
0.388±0.112[3]
13.4[1]

2227 Otto Struve, provisional designation 1955 RX, is an asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 4.7 kilometers in diameter. The asteroid was discovered on 13 September 1955, by the Indiana Asteroid Program at Goethe Link Observatory near Brooklyn, Indiana, United States.[5] It was named after Russian astronomer Otto Struve.[2]

Orbit and classification

[edit]

The asteroid orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.8–2.6 AU once every 3 years and 4 months (1,222 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.17 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic. It was first identified as 1935 UP at the Johannesburg Observatory in 1935, extending the body's observation arc by 20 years prior to its official discovery observation.[5]

Physical characteristics

[edit]

As of 2016, the asteroid's composition, rotation period and shape remain unknown. According to the surveys carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, the asteroid measures 4.7 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.388.[3] Based on its absolute magnitude of 13.4, it has an estimated diameter between 5 and 13 kilometers, assuming an albedo in the range of 0.05 to 0.25.[4] Since most asteroids in the inner main-belt are of a silicaceous rather than of a carbonaceous composition, with higheralbedos, typically around 0.20, the asteroid's diameter might be on the lower end of NASA's published conversion table, as the higher the reflectivity (albedo), the smaller the body's diameter at a constant intrinsic brightness (absolute magnitude).[4]

Naming

[edit]

The minor planet is named in memory of Russian astronomer Otto Struve (1897–1963), discoverer of the two asteroids 991 McDonalda and 992 Swasey, and last of a remarkable dynasty of astronomers: the Struve family.

His great-grandfather, Wilhelm Struve (also see 768 Struveana), founded the Pulkovo Observatory near St. Petersburg in 1839; his grandfather (Otto Wilhelm), uncle (Hermann) and father (Ludwig) were also distinguished astronomers. Following a period of great privation and misery after World War I, Otto was invited by Edwin B. Frost (also see 854 Frostia) to come to the U.S. Yerkes Observatory in 1921. He started working in spectroscopy and remained a spectroscopist to the end of his days. He succeeded Frost as Yerkes director in 1932 and was the major force responsible for the establishment of the Texan McDonald Observatory in 1933. Managing editor of the Astrophysical Journal from 1932 to 1947 and became head of the astronomy department of the University of California in Berkeley in 1950.[6][7] He received the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1944, and the Bruce Medal in 1948. The lunar crater Struve was also named in his honor.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 13 July 1984 (M.P.C. 8911/8912).[8]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2227 Otto Struve (1955 RX)" (2017-05-01 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 12 June 2017.
  2. ^ a b c Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2227) Otto Struve". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2227) Otto Struve. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 181. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2228. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
  3. ^ a b c Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
  4. ^ a b c "Absolute Magnitude (H)". NASA/JPL. Archived from the original on 2 March 2001. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
  5. ^ a b "2227 Otto Struve (1955 RX)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
  6. ^ Osterbrock, Donald E. (1 January 1995). "Founded in 1895 by George E. Hale and James E. Keeler: The Astrophysical Journal Centennial". The Astrophysical Journal. 438: 5–6. doi:10.1086/175049. ISSN 0004-637X.
  7. ^ "History -Astronomy Department". astro.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2 June 2024.
  8. ^ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
[edit]
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