Javakhians: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox ethnic group |
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| ⚫ | '''Javakhians''' ({{lang-ka|ჯავახები}}) are |
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|group = Javakhians<br>{{lang-ka|ჯავახი}} ''Javakhi'' |
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|image = Javakhetians . ჯავახები . Джавахи (1896).jpg |
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|image_caption =Javakhian Family from Akhalkalaki, 1896 |
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|population = |
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|popplace = {{flag|Georgia}}: [[Samtskhe-Javakheti]] |
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|pop1 = |
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|languages = [[Georgian dialects#Central dialects|Javakhian dialect]] of [[Georgian language]] |
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|religions = '''† [[Georgian Orthodox Church]]''' |
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|related-c = |
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}} |
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| ⚫ | '''Javakhians''' ({{lang-ka|ჯავახები}}) are an [[Ethnic group|ethnic subgroup]] of [[Georgians]], mainly living in [[Samtskhe–Javakheti|Samtskhe-Javakheti]] region of Georgia. Javakhians are the indigenous population of [[Javakheti]]. In terminology, the name Javakheti is taken from "javakh" core with traditional Georgian –eti suffix; commonly, Javakheti means the home of Javakhs. Javakhians speak the [[Georgian language]] in [[Georgian dialects|Javakhian dialect]]. The self-designation of Javakhians is '''Javakhi'''. |
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== History == |
== History == |
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Javakhians are one of the earliest Georgian tribes that inhabited southern Georgia from ancient times. The earliest mention of Javakhians was found in [[Urartu]] sources, in the notes of king [[Argishti I of Urartu]], 785 BC, as ''“Zabakha”'' or ''“Zabakhian”''.<ref>{{cite book|title=Javakhk in the 19th century and the 1st quarter of the 20th century : a historical research|last=Melkonyan|first=Ashot|publisher=National Academy of Sciences of Armenia, Institute of History|year=2007|isbn=9994173073|location=Erevan|page=36}}</ref> It could mean that until the beginning of the 8th century B.C. Javakhians had been a self-governing tribe. According to [[Cyril Toumanoff]], Javakheti was part of the [[Kingdom of Iberia (antiquity)|Iberian]] [[duchy of Tsunda]] from the 4th or 3rd century BC. [[Saint Nino]] entered [[Kingdom of Iberia (antiquity)|Iberia]] from Javakheti, one of the southern provinces of Iberia, and, following the course of the River Kura, she arrived in [[Mtskheta]], the capital of the kingdom, once there, she eventually began to preach Christianity, which culminated by [[Christianization of Iberia]]. |
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When relating about his ancestors, the representatives of the once illustrious Georgian feudal family of Orbeli, 13th century historian, Armenianized Georgian Stepanos Orbelian, states that they received many estates from the rulers of Kartli (Georgia), including the fortress of Orbeti, "settled in the borough of Orbeti and, after a long time, were called Orbuls, that is, Orbets, after the name of this fortress, since this tribe (that is, Georgians) had the custom of naming its princes after the place they lived, for example, Eristavs from (the region) Ereti, Javakhurs from Javakheti, Kakhetian from Kakheti ..." |
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| ⚫ | [[Ukhtanes of Sebastia]] talks about the family tree of [[Kyrion I of Iberia|Kyrion]], the Catholicos of Georgia. The literal translation of this text is as follows: Kyrion "came from the [[Georgians]] in terms of country and lineage, from the region of the Javakhs." There can be no doubt that Ukhtanes believed Javakheti to be part of Georgia (Iberia), and the Javakhs to be Georgians. |
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It is of course clear from the context that, for this Armenian historian too, Javakheti (and he uses precisely the Georgian form of the name of the region) and its population (to designate which he again uses the ancient Georgian term "javakhurni" in Armenian "javakhurkn") are a Georgian region and Georgian tribe. |
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And another passage from Stepanos Orbelian's History reads: in 1178, the Georgian noble, amirspasalar (commander-in-chief of the Georgian troops) Ivane Orbeli, rose up against King George III and "all the heads (of feudal families ) and the Georgian nobility were unanimous with Ivane and all set off together and came to see him at the estate (called) Darbazi: the eristavs of Kartli ... and Javakhs: Kakha and his sons, and Great Gamrekeli and Jakeli Memna" and others. This reference shows again that Javakhs (in the Armenian text, the Georgian form "javakhurni" "javakhurkn"), whom the historian lists by name (Kakha Toreli and his sons, Great Gamrekeli Toreli and Memna Jakeli), are Georgians, Georgian nobles...<ref>[http://www.ca-c.org/c-g/2011/journal_eng/c-g-1-2/13.shtml#nazad46 Javakheti]</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Georgia (country)]] |
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[[Category:Peoples of the Caucasus]] |
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Latest revision as of 09:28, 9 June 2024
.jpg) Javakhian Family from Akhalkalaki, 1896 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
 Georgien: Samtskhe-Javakheti | |
| Languages | |
| Javakhian dialect of Georgian language | |
| Religion | |
| † Georgian Orthodox Church |
Javakhians (Georgian: ჯავახები) are an ethnic subgroup of Georgians, mainly living in Samtskhe-Javakheti region of Georgia. Javakhians are the indigenous population of Javakheti. In terminology, the name Javakheti is taken from "javakh" core with traditional Georgian –eti suffix; commonly, Javakheti means the home of Javakhs. Javakhians speak the Georgian language in Javakhian dialect. The self-designation of Javakhians is Javakhi.
History
[edit]Javakhians are one of the earliest Georgian tribes that inhabited southern Georgia from ancient times. The earliest mention of Javakhians was found in Urartu sources, in the notes of king Argishti I of Urartu, 785 BC, as “Zabakha” or “Zabakhian”.[1] It could mean that until the beginning of the 8th century B.C. Javakhians had been a self-governing tribe. According to Cyril Toumanoff, Javakheti was part of the Iberian duchy of Tsunda from the 4th or 3rd century BC. Saint Nino entered Iberia from Javakheti, one of the southern provinces of Iberia, and, following the course of the River Kura, she arrived in Mtskheta, the capital of the kingdom, once there, she eventually began to preach Christianity, which culminated by Christianization of Iberia.
Ukhtanes of Sebastia talks about the family tree of Kyrion, the Catholicos of Georgia. The literal translation of this text is as follows: Kyrion "came from the Georgians in terms of country and lineage, from the region of the Javakhs." There can be no doubt that Ukhtanes believed Javakheti to be part of Georgia (Iberia), and the Javakhs to be Georgians.
References
[edit]- ^ Melkonyan, Ashot (2007). Javakhk in the 19th century and the 1st quarter of the 20th century : a historical research. Erevan: National Academy of Sciences of Armenia, Institute of History. p. 36. ISBN 9994173073.