Mannville Group: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Stratigraphic Group in Western Canada}} |
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{{Infobox Rockunit |
{{Infobox Rockunit |
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| name = Mannville Group |
| name = Mannville Group |
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| image = |
| image = |
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| caption = |
| caption = |
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| type = [[Geological |
| type = [[Geological group]] |
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| age = Early [[Cretaceous]] {{Fossil range|130|99| }} |
| age = Early [[Cretaceous]] {{Fossil range|130|99| }} |
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| period = Early Cretaceous |
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| prilithology = [[Sandstone]] |
| prilithology = [[Sandstone]] |
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| otherlithology = [[Shale]] |
| otherlithology = [[Shale]] |
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| namedfor = [[Mannville, Alberta]] |
| namedfor = [[Mannville, Alberta]] |
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| namedby = Nauss, 1945 |
| namedby = Nauss, 1945 |
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| region = |
| region = [[Alberta]], [[Saskatchewan]] |
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| country = |
| country = [[Canada]] |
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| coordinates = {{coord|53.3087|N|111.1541|W|region:CA-AB|name=Northwest Mannville 1 well}} |
| coordinates = {{coord|53.3087|N|111.1541|W|region:CA-AB|name=Northwest Mannville 1 well}} |
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| unitof = |
| unitof = |
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| underlies = [[Colorado Group]] |
| underlies = [[Colorado Group]] |
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| overlies = [[Rundle Group]], [[Banff Formation]], [[Wabamun Formation]] |
| overlies = [[Rundle Group]], [[Banff Formation]], [[Wabamun Formation]] |
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| thickness = up to {{convert|145|m|ft|-1}}<ref name=lexicon>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:009141|title=Mannville Group|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
| thickness = up to {{convert|145|m|ft|-1}}<ref name=lexicon>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:009141|title=Mannville Group|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2009-03-01}}</ref> |
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| extent = |
| extent = |
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| area = |
| area = |
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| map_caption = |
| map_caption = |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''Mannville Group''' is a [[Stratigraphy|stratigraphical]] unit of [[Cretaceous]] [[Geochronology|age]] in the [[Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin]]. |
The '''Mannville Group''' is a [[Stratigraphy|stratigraphical]] unit of [[Cretaceous]] [[Geochronology|age]] in the [[Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin]]. |
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It takes the name from the town of [[Mannville, Alberta]], and was first described in the ''Northwest Mannville 1'' well by A.W. Nauss in 1945.<ref>Nauss, Arthur William, 1945. Cretaceous stratigraphy of Vermilion area, Alberta, Canada; American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG), AAPG Bulletin, vol. 29, no. 11 (November), pp. 1605-1629.</ref> |
It takes the name from the town of [[Mannville, Alberta]], and was first described in the ''Northwest Mannville 1'' well by A.W. Nauss in 1945.<ref>Nauss, Arthur William, 1945. Cretaceous stratigraphy of Vermilion area, Alberta, Canada; American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG), AAPG Bulletin, vol. 29, no. 11 (November), pp. 1605-1629.</ref> |
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The Mannville Group consists of interbedded continental [[sand]] and [[shale]] in the base, followed by a calcareous sandstone member, [[marine (ocean)|marine]] shale, [[glauconite|glauconitic]] sandstone and salt and pepper sandstone. An additional non-marine sequence is present in north-eastern [[Alberta]]. |
The Mannville Group consists of interbedded continental [[sand]] and [[shale]] in the base, followed by a calcareous sandstone member, [[marine (ocean)|marine]] shale, [[glauconite|glauconitic]] sandstone and salt and pepper sandstone. An additional non-marine sequence is present in north-eastern [[Alberta]]. |
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===Hydrocarbon production=== |
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[[Bitumen]] is produced from the McMurray Formation at the [[Athabasca Oil Sands]]. [[Petroleum|Heavy Oil]] is produced from the [[Wabiskaw Member]] of the [[Clearwater Formation]] in the [[Wabasca Oil Field]], and from multiple formations in the [[Lloydminster]] and [[Provost, Alberta|Provost]] areas in eastern [[Alberta]] and western [[Saskatchewan]]. Natural gas is extracted from the Ostracode and Glauconite beds in [[southern Alberta]], and light oil is extracted from the Ellerslie Member in [[central Alberta|central]] and southern Alberta. Multiple oil fields<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ags.gov.ab.ca/publications/wcsb_atlas/A_CH19/TB19_23A.html|title=Oil Production from the Lower Mannville|author=Alberta Geological Survey|authorlink=Alberta Geological Survey|accessdate=2009-03-02}}</ref> and gas fields<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ags.gov.ab.ca/publications/wcsb_atlas/A_CH19/TB19_23B.html|title=Gas Production from the Lower Mannville|author=Alberta Geological Survey|authorlink=Alberta Geological Survey|accessdate=2009-03-02}}</ref> tap into the Manville Group. |
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[[Bitumen]] is produced from the McMurray Formation at the [[Athabasca Oil Sands]]. [[Petroleum|Heavy Oil]] is produced from the [[Wabiskaw Member]] of the [[Clearwater Formation]] in the [[Wabasca oil field]], and from multiple formations in the [[Lloydminster]] and [[Provost, Alberta|Provost]] areas in eastern [[Alberta]] and western [[Saskatchewan]]. Natural gas is extracted from the Ostracod and Glauconite beds in [[southern Alberta]], and light oil is extracted from the Ellerslie Member in [[central Alberta|central]] and southern Alberta. Multiple oil fields<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ags.gov.ab.ca/graphics/atlas/fg19_23a.jpg|title=Oil Production from the Lower Mannville|author=Alberta Geological Survey|author-link=Alberta Geological Survey|access-date=2009-03-02}}</ref> and gas fields<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ags.gov.ab.ca/graphics/atlas/fg19_23b.jpg|title=Gas Production from the Lower Mannville|author=Alberta Geological Survey|author-link=Alberta Geological Survey|access-date=2009-03-02}}</ref> tap into the Manville Group. |
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Total gas reserves amount to {{val|316,799e6|u=m3}} in the Lower Mannville and {{val|644,774e6|u=m3}} in the Upper Mannville.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ags.gov.ab.ca/graphics/atlas/fg19_25b.jpg|title=Gas Production from the Upper Mannville|author=Alberta Geological Survey|author-link=Alberta Geological Survey|access-date=2009-03-02}}</ref> Recoverable oil reserves amount to {{val|105.64e6|u=m3}} in the Lower Mannville and {{val|199.20e6|u=m3}} in the Upper Mannville.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ags.gov.ab.ca/graphics/atlas/fg19_25a.jpg|title=Oil Production from the Upper Mannville|author=Alberta Geological Survey|author-link=Alberta Geological Survey|access-date=2009-03-02}}</ref> |
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==Distribution== |
==Distribution== |
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The Mannville Group reaches a thickness of {{convert|145|ft|m|-1}} in its type |
The Mannville Group reaches a thickness of {{convert|145|ft|m|-1}} in its type locality. It occurs in the sub-surface in [[central Alberta]], extending east-west from [[Edmonton, Alberta|Edmonton]] to [[Lloydminster]] and north-south from the Deep Basin to the [[United States]] border. It is present in the sub-surface in west-central and southern [[Saskatchewan]]. |
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==Relationship to other units== |
==Relationship to other units== |
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The Mannville Group is [[unconformity|discomformably]] overlain by the [[Joli Fou Formation]] shale of the [[Colorado Group]]. It rests unconformably on the older [[Paleozoic]] carbonates. |
The Mannville Group is [[unconformity|discomformably]] overlain by the [[Joli Fou Formation]] shale of the [[Colorado Group]]. It rests unconformably on the older [[Paleozoic]] carbonates. |
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It is correlated with the lower [[Blairmore Group]] in the [[Canadian Rockies]] foothills and to the [[Bullhead Group]] and the [[Spirit River Formation]] of the [[Fort St. John Group]] |
It is correlated with the lower [[Blairmore Group]] in the [[Canadian Rockies]] foothills and to the [[Bullhead Group]] and the [[Spirit River Formation]] of the [[Fort St. John Group]] in north-western Alberta. It is also equivalent to the [[Cantuar Formation]] in [[Saskatchewan]] and the [[Swan River Formation]] in [[Manitoba]]. |
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===Subunits=== |
===Subunits=== |
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The Mannville Group includes the following sub-units: |
The Mannville Group includes the following sub-units: |
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====Central and southern Alberta==== |
====Central and southern Alberta==== |
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{|class="wikitable" |
{|class="wikitable" |
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|colspan=4| marine [[shale]] and [[sandstone]] |
|colspan=4| marine [[shale]] and [[sandstone]] |
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| Glauconitic Sandstone || [[Early Cretaceous]] ||very fine to medium grained [[quartz]] [[sandstone]] with [[siderite]] and [[glauconite]] || {{convert|35|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:005607|title=Glauconitic|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:005607|title=Glauconitic|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2009-03-01}}</ref> |
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|rowspan=4|Lower Mannville |
|rowspan=4|Lower Mannville |
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| Ostracod Beds || Early Cretaceous || Unit A: [[shale]] and [[fossiliferous limestone]]<br>Unit B: argillaceous limestone with [[ostracod]] fossils<br>Unit C: dark shale with [[siltstone]] and sandstone interbed<br>Unit D: fine to medium grained lithic calcareous sandstone with [[kaolinite]] and [[chert]] || {{convert|40|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:011349|title=Ostracod|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:011349|title=Ostracod|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units |access-date=2009-03-01}}</ref> |
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| Ellerslie Member || Early Cretaceous || Upper: fine grained [[sand]] with sandy shale and shaley sand lenses<br>Lower: medium grained quartz sand, siltstone, [[coal]] || {{convert|40|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}}<br>{{convert|30|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:004577|title=Ellerslie|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:004577 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120712204051/http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:004577 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-07-12 |title=Ellerslie |author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2009-03-01 }}</ref> |
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| Detrital Beds || Early Cretaceous || Chert pebbles, lithic sandstone, shale, siltstone || {{convert|70|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:003961|title=Detrital|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:003961|title=Detrital|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2009-03-01}}</ref> |
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*In [[southern Alberta]], the |
*In [[southern Alberta]], the Ellerslie Member is replaced by the Sunburst Member, Taber Sandstone, and Cutbank Sandstone. |
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====Athabasca region==== |
====Athabasca region==== |
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{|class="wikitable" |
{|class="wikitable" |
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! [[Geological unit|Sub-unit]] !! [[Geochronology|Age]] !! Lithology !! Max<br>Thickness !! Reference |
! [[Geological unit|Sub-unit]] !! [[Geochronology|Age]] !! Lithology !! Max<br>Thickness !! Reference |
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| [[Grand Rapids Formation]] || [[Albian]] || [[bitumen]]ous fine to medium |
| [[Grand Rapids Formation]] || [[Albian]] || [[bitumen]]ous fine to medium sand (A, B and C sands, separated by [[silt]] and [[shale]]) || {{convert|125|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:005808|title=Grand Rapids|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:005808|title=Grand Rapids|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2009-03-01}}</ref> |
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| [[Clearwater Formation]] || |
| [[Clearwater Formation]] || Albian || black and green shales and sand || {{convert|85|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:003027|title=Clearwater|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:003027|title=Clearwater|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2009-03-01}}</ref> |
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| Wabiskaw Member || Albian || [[glauconite|glauconitic]] sands with black fissile shale || {{convert|35|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:015927|title=Wabiskaw|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:015927|title=Wabiskaw|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2009-03-01}}</ref> |
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| [[McMurray Formation]] || late [[Barremian]] to |
| [[McMurray Formation]] || late [[Barremian]] to Aptian || fine grained bituminous sands || {{convert|60|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:009513|title=McMurray|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:009513|title=McMurray|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]]|access-date=2009-03-01|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120726105500/http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:009513|archive-date=2012-07-26|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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====Lloydminster region==== |
====Lloydminster region==== |
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{|class="wikitable" |
{|class="wikitable" |
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! [[Geological unit|Sub-unit]] !! [[Geochronology|Age]] !! Lithology !! Max<br>Thickness !! Reference |
! [[Geological unit|Sub-unit]] !! [[Geochronology|Age]] !! Lithology !! Max<br>Thickness !! Reference |
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| Colony Sand || [[Early Cretaceous]] || friable [[glauconite|glauconitic]] and argillaceous [[sandstone]] || {{convert|15|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:003232|title=Colony Sand|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:003232|title=Colony Sand|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2010-01-09}}</ref> |
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| McLaren Member || Early Cretaceous || very fine grained sandstone and shale || {{convert|18|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:009486|title=McLaren Member|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:009486|title=McLaren Member|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2010-01-03}}</ref> |
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| Waseca Sand || Early Cretaceous || sand with silt and shale || {{convert|25|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:016087|title=Waseca|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:016087|title=Waseca|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2009-03-01}}</ref> |
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| Sparky Sand || Early Cretaceous || sand and shale || {{convert|12|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:014207|title=Sparky|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:014207|title=Sparky|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2009-03-01}}</ref> |
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| General Petroleum Sand || Early Cretaceous || very fine to fine grained quartzose sand || {{convert|15|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:005504|title=General Petroleum|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:005504|title=General Petroleum|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2009-03-01}}</ref> |
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| Rex Sand || Early Cretaceous || very fine to fine grained quartzose sand with silt and shale || {{convert|14|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:012711|title=Rex|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:012711|title=Rex|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2009-03-01}}</ref> |
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| Lloydminster Sand || Early Cretaceous || unconsolidated quartz sand with silt || {{convert|30|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:008608|title=Lloydminster|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:008608|title=Lloydminster|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2009-03-01}}</ref> |
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| Cummings Member || Early Cretaceous || shale with beds of salt-and-pepper sandstone || {{convert|27|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:003638|title=Cummings|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:003638|title=Cummings|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2009-03-01}}</ref> |
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| Dina Member || Early Cretaceous || quartz sandstone with siltstone and shale || {{convert|60|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:004011|title=Dina|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:004011|title=Dina|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2009-03-01}}</ref> |
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! [[Geological unit|Sub-unit]] !! [[Geochronology|Age]] !! Lithology !! Max<br>Thickness !! Reference |
! [[Geological unit|Sub-unit]] !! [[Geochronology|Age]] !! Lithology !! Max<br>Thickness !! Reference |
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| Pense Formation || Albian || fine grained sandstone, clay, shaly silt || {{convert|36|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:011695|title=Pense Formation|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:011695|title=Pense Formation|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2010-01-03}}</ref> |
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| Cantuar Formation || Aptian to Albian || [[mudstone]] and sandstone || {{convert|120|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:002280|title=Cantuar Formation|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:002280|title=Cantuar Formation|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2010-01-03}}</ref> |
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| Success Formation || [[Jurassic]] to [[Lower Cretaceous]] || quartzose sandstone and siltstone || {{convert|75|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:014687|title=Success Formation|author=Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units | |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:014687|title=Success Formation|author=[[Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units]] |access-date=2010-01-03}}</ref> |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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{{Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin|Northeast_Plains=yes|Central_Plains=yes|South AB=yes}} |
{{Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin|Northeast_Plains=yes|Central_Plains=yes|South AB=yes|Saskatchewan=yes}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Lower Cretaceous Series of North America]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Geologic groups of Alberta]] |
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[[Category:Geologic groups of Saskatchewan]] |
Latest revision as of 19:06, 13 June 2024
Mannville Group | |
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Stratigraphic range: Early Cretaceous | |
Typ | Geological group |
Sub-units | Glauconitic Sandstone, Ostracod Beds, Ellerslie Member, Grand Rapids Formation, Clearwater Formation, McMurray Formation, Waseca Sand, Sparky Sand, General Petroleum Sand, Rex Sand, Lloydminster Sand, Cummings Member, Dina Member, Pense Formation, Cantuar Formation, Success Formation |
Underlies | Colorado Group |
Overlies | Rundle Group, Banff Formation, Wabamun Formation |
Thickness | up to 145 metres (480 ft)[1] |
Lithology | |
Primäre | Sandstone |
Other | Shale |
Standort | |
Coordinates | 53°18′31″N 111°09′15″W / 53.3087°N 111.1541°W |
Region | Alberta, Saskatchewan |
Land | Kanada |
Type section | |
Named for | Mannville, Alberta |
Named by | Nauss, 1945 |
The Mannville Group is a stratigraphical unit of Cretaceous age in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.
It takes the name from the town of Mannville, Alberta, and was first described in the Northwest Mannville 1 well by A.W. Nauss in 1945.[2]
Lithology
[edit]The Mannville Group consists of interbedded continental sand and shale in the base, followed by a calcareous sandstone member, marine shale, glauconitic sandstone and salt and pepper sandstone. An additional non-marine sequence is present in north-eastern Alberta.
Hydrocarbon production
[edit]Bitumen is produced from the McMurray Formation at the Athabasca Oil Sands. Heavy Oil is produced from the Wabiskaw Member of the Clearwater Formation in the Wabasca oil field, and from multiple formations in the Lloydminster and Provost areas in eastern Alberta and western Saskatchewan. Natural gas is extracted from the Ostracod and Glauconite beds in southern Alberta, and light oil is extracted from the Ellerslie Member in central and southern Alberta. Multiple oil fields[3] and gas fields[4] tap into the Manville Group.
Total gas reserves amount to 316799×106 m3 in the Lower Mannville and 644774×106 m3 in the Upper Mannville.[5] Recoverable oil reserves amount to 105.64×106 m3 in the Lower Mannville and 199.20×106 m3 in the Upper Mannville.[6]
Distribution
[edit]The Mannville Group reaches a thickness of 145 feet (40 m) in its type locality. It occurs in the sub-surface in central Alberta, extending east-west from Edmonton to Lloydminster and north-south from the Deep Basin to the United States border. It is present in the sub-surface in west-central and southern Saskatchewan.
Relationship to other units
[edit]The Mannville Group is discomformably overlain by the Joli Fou Formation shale of the Colorado Group. It rests unconformably on the older Paleozoic carbonates.
It is correlated with the lower Blairmore Group in the Canadian Rockies foothills and to the Bullhead Group and the Spirit River Formation of the Fort St. John Group in north-western Alberta. It is also equivalent to the Cantuar Formation in Saskatchewan and the Swan River Formation in Manitoba.
Subunits
[edit]The Mannville Group includes the following sub-units:
Central and southern Alberta
[edit]Subdivision | Sub-unit | Age | Lithology | Max Thickness |
Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Upper | Upper Mannville | marine shale and sandstone | |||
Glauconitic Sandstone | Early Cretaceous | very fine to medium grained quartz sandstone with siderite and glauconite | 35 m (110 ft) | [7] | |
Lower Mannville | |||||
Ostracod Beds | Early Cretaceous | Unit A: shale and fossiliferous limestone Unit B: argillaceous limestone with ostracod fossils Unit C: dark shale with siltstone and sandstone interbed Unit D: fine to medium grained lithic calcareous sandstone with kaolinite and chert |
40 m (130 ft) | [8] | |
Ellerslie Member | Early Cretaceous | Upper: fine grained sand with sandy shale and shaley sand lenses Lower: medium grained quartz sand, siltstone, coal |
40 m (130 ft) 30 m (100 ft) |
[9] | |
Detrital Beds | Early Cretaceous | Chert pebbles, lithic sandstone, shale, siltstone | 70 m (230 ft) | [10] |
- In southern Alberta, the Ellerslie Member is replaced by the Sunburst Member, Taber Sandstone, and Cutbank Sandstone.
Athabasca region
[edit]Sub-unit | Age | Lithology | Max Thickness |
Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Grand Rapids Formation | Albian | bitumenous fine to medium sand (A, B and C sands, separated by silt and shale) | 125 m (410 ft) | [11] |
Clearwater Formation | Albian | black and green shales and sand | 85 m (280 ft) | [12] |
Wabiskaw Member | Albian | glauconitic sands with black fissile shale | 35 m (110 ft) | [13] |
McMurray Formation | late Barremian to Aptian | fine grained bituminous sands | 60 m (200 ft) | [14] |
Lloydminster region
[edit]Sub-unit | Age | Lithology | Max Thickness |
Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Colony Sand | Early Cretaceous | friable glauconitic and argillaceous sandstone | 15 m (50 ft) | [15] |
McLaren Member | Early Cretaceous | very fine grained sandstone and shale | 18 m (60 ft) | [16] |
Waseca Sand | Early Cretaceous | sand with silt and shale | 25 m (80 ft) | [17] |
Sparky Sand | Early Cretaceous | sand and shale | 12 m (40 ft) | [18] |
General Petroleum Sand | Early Cretaceous | very fine to fine grained quartzose sand | 15 m (50 ft) | [19] |
Rex Sand | Early Cretaceous | very fine to fine grained quartzose sand with silt and shale | 14 m (50 ft) | [20] |
Lloydminster Sand | Early Cretaceous | unconsolidated quartz sand with silt | 30 m (100 ft) | [21] |
Cummings Member | Early Cretaceous | shale with beds of salt-and-pepper sandstone | 27 m (90 ft) | [22] |
Dina Member | Early Cretaceous | quartz sandstone with siltstone and shale | 60 m (200 ft) | [23] |
Southern Saskatchewan
[edit]Sub-unit | Age | Lithology | Max Thickness |
Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pense Formation | Albian | fine grained sandstone, clay, shaly silt | 36 m (120 ft) | [24] |
Cantuar Formation | Aptian to Albian | mudstone and sandstone | 120 m (390 ft) | [25] |
Success Formation | Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous | quartzose sandstone and siltstone | 75 m (250 ft) | [26] |
References
[edit]- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Mannville Group". Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ^ Nauss, Arthur William, 1945. Cretaceous stratigraphy of Vermilion area, Alberta, Canada; American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG), AAPG Bulletin, vol. 29, no. 11 (November), pp. 1605-1629.
- ^ Alberta Geological Survey. "Oil Production from the Lower Mannville". Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ Alberta Geological Survey. "Gas Production from the Lower Mannville". Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ Alberta Geological Survey. "Gas Production from the Upper Mannville". Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ Alberta Geological Survey. "Oil Production from the Upper Mannville". Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Glauconitic". Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Ostracod". Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Ellerslie". Archived from the original on 2012-07-12. Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Detrital". Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Grand Rapids". Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Clearwater". Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Wabiskaw". Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "McMurray". Archived from the original on 2012-07-26. Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Colony Sand". Retrieved 2010-01-09.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "McLaren Member". Retrieved 2010-01-03.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Waseca". Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Sparky". Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "General Petroleum". Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Rex". Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Lloydminster". Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Cummings". Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Dina". Retrieved 2009-03-01.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Pense Formation". Retrieved 2010-01-03.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Cantuar Formation". Retrieved 2010-01-03.
- ^ Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units. "Success Formation". Retrieved 2010-01-03.