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{{Short description|Slovak author writing in Czech (1793–1852)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox writer
{{Infobox writer
| name = Ján Kollár
| name = Ján Kollár
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| birth_name =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1793|7|29|df=yes}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1793|7|29|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Mošovce|Mosóc]], [[Kingdom of Hungary]] <small>(now [[Mošovce]], [[Slovakia]])</small>
| birth_place = Mosóc, [[Kingdom of Hungary]]<br>(now [[Mošovce]], Slovakia)
| death_date = {{death date and age|1852|1|24|1793|7|29|df=yes}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1852|1|24|1793|7|29|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Vienna]], [[Austrian Empire]]
| death_place = [[Vienna]], [[Austrian Empire]]
| occupation = Writer, poet, pastor
| occupation = Writer, poet, pastor
| nationality = [[Slovaks|Slovak]]
| nationality = Slovak
| period =
| period =
| genre =
| genre =
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}}
}}


'''Ján Kollár''' (29 July 1793 in [[Mošovce]] (Mosóc), [[Kingdom of Hungary]], [[Habsburg Monarchy]], now [[Slovakia]] – 24 January 1852 in [[Vienna]], [[Austrian Empire]]) was a [[Slovakia|Slovak]] writer (mainly poet), archaeologist, scientist, politician, and main ideologist of [[Pan-Slavism]].
'''Ján Kollár''' ({{lang-hu|Kollár János}}; 29 July 1793 &ndash; 24 January 1852) was a Slovak writer (mainly poet), archaeologist, scientist, Lutheran pastor, politician, and main ideologist of [[Pan-Slavism]].


== Life ==
== Life ==
He studied at the Lutheran Lyceum in [[Pressburg]] (Pozsony, [[Kingdom of Hungary]], now [[Bratislava]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Petro|first=Peter|title=A History of Slovak Literature|publisher=Mcgill Queens's University Press|year=1995|page=66|edition=1}}</ref> [[Slovakia]]). In 1817 he enrolled in the [[University of Jena]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Auty|first=Robert|date=1952-01-01|title=Jan Kollár, 1793-1852|jstor=4204405|journal=The Slavonic and East European Review|volume=31|issue=76|pages=74–91}}</ref> His attendance at the [[Wartburgfest]] (18 October 1817) has since been credited as being a formative experience with regards to his views on [[Pan-Slavism]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Auty|first=Robert|date=1952-01-01|title=Jan Kollár, 1793-1852|jstor=4204405|journal=The Slavonic and East European Review|volume=31|issue=76|pages=74–91}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Auty|first=Robert|date=1952-01-01|title=Jan Kollár, 1793-1852|jstor=4204405|journal=The Slavonic and East European Review|volume=31|issue=76|pages=74–91}}</ref>
He studied at the Lutheran Lyceum in [[Pressburg]] (Pozsony, [[Kingdom of Hungary]], now [[Bratislava]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Petro|first=Peter|title=A History of Slovak Literature|publisher=Mcgill Queens's University Press|year=1995|page=66|edition=1}}</ref> [[Slovakia]]). In 1817 he enrolled in the [[University of Jena]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Auty|first=Robert|date=1952-01-01|title=Jan Kollár, 1793-1852|jstor=4204405|journal=The Slavonic and East European Review|volume=31|issue=76|pages=74–91}}</ref> His attendance at the [[Wartburgfest]] (18 October 1817) has since been credited as being a formative experience with regards to his views on [[Pan-Slavism]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Auty|first=Robert|date=1952-01-01|title=Jan Kollár, 1793-1852|jstor=4204405|journal=The Slavonic and East European Review|volume=31|issue=76|pages=74–91}}</ref>


He spent most of his adult life as a chaplain to the populous but poor<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_yrxrO0lC0YC|title=The Coasts of Bohemia: A Czech History|last=Sayer|first=Derek|date=2000-01-01|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=069105052X|language=en}}</ref> [[Slovaks|Slovak]] [[Lutheran]] community in [[Pest, Hungary|Pest]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AY_MVaCeXXoC|title=History of Slovak Literature|last=Petro|first=Peter|date=1997-05-13|publisher=McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP|isbn=9780773514027|language=en}}</ref> ([[Kingdom of Hungary]], today part of [[Budapest]], [[Hungary]]). From 1849, he was a professor of [[Slavic peoples|Slavic]] [[archeology]] at the [[University of Vienna]], and several times he also acted as a counselor to the Austrian government for issues around the [[Slovaks]]. He entered the [[Slovak Uprising 1848–49|Slovak national movement]] in its first phase.
He spent most of his adult life as a chaplain to the populous but poor<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_yrxrO0lC0YC|title=The Coasts of Bohemia: A Czech History|last=Sayer|first=Derek|date=2000-01-01|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=069105052X|language=en}}</ref> [[Slovaks|Slovak]] [[Lutheran]] community in [[Pest, Hungary|Pest]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AY_MVaCeXXoC|title=History of Slovak Literature|last=Petro|first=Peter|date=1997-05-13|publisher=McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP|isbn=9780773514027|language=en}}</ref> ([[Kingdom of Hungary]], today part of [[Budapest]], [[Hungary]]). From 1849, he was a professor of [[Slavic peoples|Slavic]] [[archeology]] at the [[University of Vienna]], and several times he also acted as a counselor to the Austrian government for issues around the [[Slovaks]]. He entered the [[Slovak Uprising 1848–49|Slovak national movement]] in its first phase.


His [[museum]] (since 1974) in Mošovce was installed in the former [[granary]], which was the only masoned part of Kollár's otherwise wooden birth-house. The rest of the house burned down in a fire on 16 August 1863. In 2009 was built a replica of the original Kollár's birth-house, which is now a museum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.muzeum.sk/default.php?obj=muzeum&ix=mjk|title=Múzeum Jána Kollára Mošovce /* Jan Kollar Museum Mosovce /Muzeum.SK - múzeum, galéria, hrad, zámok/|last=http://www.decus.sk/|first=All: Decus s.r.o., URI|website=www.muzeum.sk|access-date=2016-04-09}}</ref>
His [[museum]] (since 1974) in Mošovce was installed in the former [[granary]], which was the only masoned part of Kollár's otherwise wooden birth-house. The rest of the house burned down in a fire on 16 August 1863. In 2009 a replica was rebuilt of the original birth-house, which is now a museum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.muzeum.sk/default.php?obj=muzeum&ix=mjk|title=Múzeum Jána Kollára Mošovce /* Jan Kollar Museum Mosovce /Muzeum.SK - múzeum, galéria, hrad, zámok/|website=www.muzeum.sk|access-date=2016-04-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201201648/http://www.muzeum.sk/default.php?obj=muzeum&ix=mjk|archive-date=2014-02-01|url-status=dead}}</ref>


== Views ==
== Views ==
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Mína becomes a fairy and takes the author to Slavic heaven and hell.
Mína becomes a fairy and takes the author to Slavic heaven and hell.


* ''O literární vzájemnosti mezi kmeny a nářečími slavskĭmi'' (Reciprocity Between the Various Tribes and Dialects of the Slavic Nation, edited and translated into English by Alexander Maxwell<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://slavica.indiana.edu/bookListings/history/Reciprocity_Between_the_Various_Tribes|title=Reciprocity Between the Various Tribes and Dialects of the Slavic Nation &#124; Slavica Publishers}}</ref>)
* ''O literární vzájemnosti mezi kmeny a nářečími slavskĭmi'' (On the literary reciprocity between Slav tribes and vernaculars)


== Legacy ==
== Legacy ==
[[File:Gymnasium Jan Kolar.jpg|thumb|Jan Kolar gymnasium in [[Bački Petrovac]], first half of the 20th century]]
[[File:Gymnasium Jan Kolar.jpg|thumb|[[Ján Kollár Gymnasium and Students' Home]] in [[Bački Petrovac]], first half of the 20th century]]
* Guta is town in southern [[Slovakia]] with Hungarian majority, was renamed as "Kolarovo" in 1948. The renaming was carried out against the will of the town's population and as part of suppressing the Hungarian ethnicity in Slovakia.
* Guta (Gúta) is a town in southern [[Slovakia]] with a Hungarian majority. It was renamed "Kolárovo" in 1948.
* A street in [[Stara Pazova]], [[Serbia]], is named in his honor.
* Streets in [[Stara Pazova]], [[Kisač]], [[Padina (Kovačica)|Padina]] and [[Belgrade]] in [[Serbia]] are named in his honor.
* The [[Gymnasium (school)|gymnasium]] in [[Bački Petrovac]] ([[Serbia]]) bares his name.
* The [[Gymnasium (school)|gymnasium]] in [[Bački Petrovac]] ([[Serbia]]) bears his name.


== Gallery ==
== Gallery ==
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==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
⚫
* Auty, Robert. 1952. Ján Kollár, 1793-1852. ''The Slavonic and East European Review'' Vol. 31, No. 76: 74-91.


== External links ==
== External links ==
{{Wikisource author}}
{{Wikisource author}}
{{commons category|Ján Kollár}}
{{commons category|Ján Kollár}}
⚫
* AUTY, R. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4204405 Ján Kollár, 1793–1852.] ''The Slavonic and East European Review'', Vol. 31 (1952), No. 76: 74–91.
* KARÁSEK, J. [http://digitalna.kniznica.info/s/5tOEccpuAA ''Kollárova dobrozdání a nástin životopisný z roku 1849'']. V Praze: Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost an umění, 1903. 113 p. - available at [[University Library in Bratislava Digital Library|ULB's Digital Library]]
* KARÁSEK, J. [http://digitalna.kniznica.info/s/5tOEccpuAA ''Kollárova dobrozdání a nástin životopisný z roku 1849'']. V Praze: Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost an umění, 1903. 113 p. - available at [[University Library in Bratislava Digital Library|ULB's Digital Library]]
* {{OL author}}
* {{OL author}}
* {{FAG|148734004}}
* {{Find a Grave|148734004}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


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[[Category:1852 deaths]]
[[Category:1852 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Turčianske Teplice District]]
[[Category:People from Turčianske Teplice District]]
[[Category:People from the Kingdom of Hungary]]
⚫
[[Category:Slovak Lutherans]]
[[Category:Slovak poets]]
[[Category:Slovak poets]]
[[Category:Czech poets]]
[[Category:Czech poets]]
[[Category:Male poets]]
[[Category:Czech male poets]]
[[Category:Czech male writers]]
[[Category:Slovak scientists]]
[[Category:Slovak scientists]]
[[Category:Slovak politicians]]
[[Category:Slovak politicians]]
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[[Category:Linguists from Slovakia]]
[[Category:Linguists from Slovakia]]
[[Category:Slovak philosophers]]
[[Category:Slovak philosophers]]
⚫
[[Category:Slovak Lutherans]]
[[Category:Mošovce]]
[[Category:Mošovce]]
[[Category:19th-century poets]]
[[Category:19th-century poets]]
[[Category:19th-century male writers]]
[[Category:19th-century male writers]]
[[Category:19th-century Lutheran clergy]]
[[Category:Burials at Olšany Cemetery]]

Latest revision as of 19:27, 13 June 2024

Ján Kollár
Born(1793-07-29)29 July 1793
Mosóc, Kingdom of Hungary
(now Mošovce, Slovakia)
Died24 January 1852(1852-01-24) (aged 58)
Vienna, Austrian Empire
OccupationWriter, poet, pastor
NationalitySlovak
Notable worksSlávy dcera
RelativesMatej Kollár (father)
Katarína Frndová (mother)

Ján Kollár (Hungarian: Kollár János; 29 July 1793 – 24 January 1852) was a Slovak writer (mainly poet), archaeologist, scientist, Lutheran pastor, politician, and main ideologist of Pan-Slavism.

Leben

[edit]

He studied at the Lutheran Lyceum in Pressburg (Pozsony, Kingdom of Hungary, now Bratislava,[1] Slovakia). In 1817 he enrolled in the University of Jena.[2] His attendance at the Wartburgfest (18 October 1817) has since been credited as being a formative experience with regards to his views on Pan-Slavism.[3]

He spent most of his adult life as a chaplain to the populous but poor[4] Slovak Lutheran community in Pest[5] (Kingdom of Hungary, today part of Budapest, Hungary). From 1849, he was a professor of Slavic archeology at the University of Vienna, and several times he also acted as a counselor to the Austrian government for issues around the Slovaks. He entered the Slovak national movement in its first phase.

His museum (since 1974) in Mošovce was installed in the former granary, which was the only masoned part of Kollár's otherwise wooden birth-house. The rest of the house burned down in a fire on 16 August 1863. In 2009 a replica was rebuilt of the original birth-house, which is now a museum.[6]

Ansichten

[edit]

He worked out a conception of Slav reciprocity. He admitted 4 standard languages: Russian, Polish, Czechoslovak and Serbo-Croatian.

Works

[edit]

Besides writing poetry he also wrote technical literature.

  • Slávy Dcera (1824; The daughter of Sláva), collection of two (37 and 39 sonnets) cycles

In this work he worked out the conception of Slavic reciprocity. He expressed his feelings to a woman but this love had transformed to a love to his homeland. The main thematics of this work are: •love •patriotism

It is divided into 5 chapters and it has a foreword.

Předzpěv (Prelude)
The author expressed his fears that the Slovaks will disappear from the face of Europe like other Slavic tribes before. He asked the Slovaks to ask for help from the Russian nation.

1. Sála
This part contains love sonnets. Kollár glorifies his love Mína, depicting her as an ideal of a Slavic maid, the daughter of goddess Sláva.

2. Labe, Rén, Vltava
In these parts, the author takes us to places where Slavic tribes lived before. He is disappointed because these areas belong to foreign countries now.

3. Dunaj
The author arrives to Slovakia, disillusioned by the poverty of this area. He is highly disappointed and longs for death.

4. Léthé

5. Acheron
Mína becomes a fairy and takes the author to Slavic heaven and hell.

  • O literární vzájemnosti mezi kmeny a nářečími slavskĭmi (Reciprocity Between the Various Tribes and Dialects of the Slavic Nation, edited and translated into English by Alexander Maxwell[7])

Legacy

[edit]
Ján Kollár Gymnasium and Students' Home in Bački Petrovac, first half of the 20th century
[edit]
  • Statue of Ján Kollár in Mošovce
    Statue of Ján Kollár in Mošovce
  • Birth-house of Ján Kollár in Mošovce
    Birth-house of Ján Kollár in Mošovce
  • Motto
    Motto
  • Museum of Ján Kollár in Mošovce
    Museum of Ján Kollár in Mošovce

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Petro, Peter (1995). A History of Slovak Literature (1 ed.). Mcgill Queens's University Press. p. 66.
  2. ^ Auty, Robert (1 January 1952). "Jan Kollár, 1793-1852". The Slavonic and East European Review. 31 (76): 74–91. JSTOR 4204405.
  3. ^ Auty, Robert (1 January 1952). "Jan Kollár, 1793-1852". The Slavonic and East European Review. 31 (76): 74–91. JSTOR 4204405.
  4. ^ Sayer, Derek (1 January 2000). The Coasts of Bohemia: A Czech History. Princeton University Press. ISBN 069105052X.
  5. ^ Petro, Peter (13 May 1997). History of Slovak Literature. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. ISBN 9780773514027.
  6. ^ "Múzeum Jána Kollára Mošovce /* Jan Kollar Museum Mosovce /Muzeum.SK - múzeum, galéria, hrad, zámok/". www.muzeum.sk. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  7. ^ "Reciprocity Between the Various Tribes and Dialects of the Slavic Nation | Slavica Publishers".
[edit]
Wikisource has original works by or about:
Ján Kollár
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ján Kollár.
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