London Borough of Camden: Difference between revisions
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| official_name = London Borough of Camden |
| official_name = London Borough of Camden |
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| other_name = |
| other_name = |
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| settlement_type = [[London boroughs| |
| settlement_type = [[London boroughs|London borough]] |
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| image_skyline = {{multiple images|align=center|perrow=2|border=infobox|total_width=250|image1=CamdenLock.jpg|image2=St Pancras Renaissance London Hotel 2011-06-19.jpg|image3 =London July 2015-7 (cropped).jpg|image4 =British Museum entrance.jpg|image5= |
| image_skyline = {{multiple images|align=center|perrow=2|border=infobox|total_width=250|image1=CamdenLock.jpg|image2=St Pancras Renaissance London Hotel 2011-06-19.jpg|image3 =London July 2015-7 (cropped).jpg|image4 =British Museum entrance.jpg|image5=King's Cross Central 2019.jpg|image6=Kenwood House in Hampstead Heath (cropped).jpg}} |
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| image_caption = {{ubl|From the top left;|Top: [[Camden Lock]] railway bridge; {{rws|St Pancras}}|Middle: [[BT Tower]]; the [[British Museum]]|Bottom: [[ |
| image_caption = {{ubl|From the top left;|Top: [[Camden Lock]] railway bridge; {{rws|St Pancras}}|Middle: [[BT Tower]]; the [[British Museum]]|Bottom: [[King's Cross Central]]; [[Kenwood House]]}} |
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| image_alt = |
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| image_shield = Coat of arms of the London Borough of Camden.svg |
| image_shield = Coat of arms of the London Borough of Camden.svg |
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| named_for = <!-- seat, smaller parts --> |
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| seat_type = Admin HQ |
| seat_type = Admin HQ |
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| seat = |
| seat = 5 Pancras Square, King's Cross, London |
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| government_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> |
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| government_type = [[London boroughs|London borough council]] |
| government_type = [[London boroughs|London borough council]] |
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| governing_body = [[Camden London Borough Council]] |
| governing_body = [[Camden London Borough Council]] |
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| leader_party = {{English district control|ONS=00AG|GSS=E09000007}} |
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| leader_title = Leadership |
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| leader_name = Leader & Cabinet |
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| leader_title1 = Mayor |
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| leader_name1 = Councillor Nazma Rahman<ref>{{cite web |title=The Mayor of Camden |url=https://www.camden.gov.uk/the-mayor-of-camden |website=London Borough of Camden |access-date=15 June 2023}}</ref> |
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| leader_title2 = London Assembly |
| leader_title2 = London Assembly |
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| leader_name2 = [[Anne Clarke (politician)|Anne Clarke]] (Lab) AM for [[Barnet and Camden (London Assembly constituency)|Barnet and Camden]] |
| leader_name2 = [[Anne Clarke (politician)|Anne Clarke]] (Lab) AM for [[Barnet and Camden (London Assembly constituency)|Barnet and Camden]] |
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| blank1_name = [[ |
| blank1_name = [[GSS coding system|GSS code]] |
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| blank1_info = E09000007 |
| blank1_info = E09000007 |
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| footnotes = <sup>1</sup> There are concerns about the accuracy of this data<ref>{{Cite web |title=2021 Census|url=https://opendata.camden.gov.uk/People-Places/Census-2021-LATEST/q4sx-34wa |access-date=2023-01-21 |website=London Borough of Camden}}</ref> |
| footnotes = <sup>1</sup> There are concerns about the accuracy of this data<ref>{{Cite web |title=2021 Census|url=https://opendata.camden.gov.uk/People-Places/Census-2021-LATEST/q4sx-34wa |access-date=2023-01-21 |website=London Borough of Camden}}</ref> |
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The '''London Borough of Camden''' ({{IPAc-en|'|k|æ|m|d|ə|n}})<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/camden?q=Camden|title= |
The '''London Borough of Camden''' ({{IPAc-en|'|k|æ|m|d|ə|n}})<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/camden?q=Camden|title=Camden – Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes | Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary at OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com|website=oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com}}</ref> is a [[London boroughs|London borough]] in [[Inner London]], England. Camden Town Hall, on Euston Road, lies {{cvt|1.4|mi}} north of [[Charing Cross]]. The borough was established on 1 April 1965 and includes the former [[Central London]] borough of [[Metropolitan Borough of Holborn|Holborn]], and [[Metropolitan Borough of St Pancras|St Pancras]] and [[Metropolitan Borough of Hampstead|Hampstead]]. |
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To the south it shares with the [[City of Westminster]] parts of the [[West End of London|West End]], where it also borders the [[City of London]]. The cultural and commercial land uses in the south contrast with the bustling mixed-use districts such as [[Camden Town]] and [[Kentish Town]] in the centre and leafy residential areas around [[Hampstead Heath]] in the north. Well known attractions include [[The British Museum]], [[The British Library]], the famous views from [[Parliament Hill, London|Parliament Hill]], the [[London Zoo]], the [[BT Tower]], the converted [[The Roundhouse|Roundhouse]] entertainment venue, and [[Camden Market]]. As of 2021 it has a population of 210,136. |
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The local authority is [[Camden London Borough Council]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.camden.gov.uk/ccm/navigation/council-and-democracy/about-the-council/|title=Camden Council: About the Council|publisher=camden.gov.uk|access-date=28 July 2010}}</ref> |
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The cultural and commercial land uses in the south contrast with the bustling mixed-use districts such as [[Camden Town]] and [[Kentish Town]] in the centre and leafy residential areas around [[Hampstead Heath]] in the north. Well known attractions include [[The British Museum]], [[The British Library]], the famous views from [[Parliament Hill, London|Parliament Hill]], the [[London Zoo]], the [[BT Tower]], [[The Roundhouse]] and [[Camden Market]]. As of 2021 it has a population of 210,136. |
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The local authority is [[Camden London Borough Council]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.camden.gov.uk/ccm/navigation/council-and-democracy/about-the-council/|title=Camden Council: About the Council|publisher=www.camden.gov.uk|access-date=28 July 2010}}</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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{{stack|1=[[File:London - Camden Town by Horst Michael Lechner.jpg|thumb|left|Former Camden Town market (2011); was demolished in early 2015 to make room for the Hawley Wharf redevelopment project.]]}} |
{{stack|1=[[File:London - Camden Town by Horst Michael Lechner.jpg|thumb|left|Former Camden Town market (2011); it was demolished in early 2015 to make room for the Hawley Wharf redevelopment project.]]}} |
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The area of the modern borough had historically been part of the county of [[Middlesex]]. From 1856 the area was governed by the [[Metropolitan Board of Works]], which was established to provide services across the [[metropolis]] of London.<ref>[[Metropolis Management Act 1855]] (18 & 19 Vict. c. 120)</ref> In 1889 the Metropolitan Board of Works' area was made the [[County of London]]. |
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The borough was created in 1965 from the areas of the former [[Metropolitan boroughs of the County of London|metropolitan borough]]s of [[Metropolitan Borough of Hampstead|Hampstead]], [[Metropolitan Borough of Holborn|Holborn]], and [[Metropolitan Borough of St Pancras|St Pancras]], which had formed part of the [[County of London]].<ref>Vision of Britain – [http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10136179&c_id=10001043 Camden LB] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080527220615/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10136179&c_id=10001043 |date=27 May 2008}}</ref> The initial [[Royal Commission on Local Government in Greater London|Herbert Commission]] report recommended that the new borough consist of St Pancras and Hampstead, but Holborn was later added. |
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From 1856 until 1900 the lower tier of local government within the metropolis comprised various [[List of London vestries and district boards|parish vestries and district boards]]. The [[ancient parish]]es of [[Hampstead]] and [[St Pancras, London|St Pancras]] were each governed by their [[vestry]]. The various smaller parishes and territories to the south were grouped into the [[St Giles District (Metropolis)|St Giles District]] and [[Holborn District (Metropolis)|Holborn District]], each governed by a district board. In 1900 the lower tier was reorganised into [[Metropolitan boroughs of the County of London|metropolitan boroughs]], including the [[Metropolitan Borough of Hampstead]], the [[Metropolitan Borough of St Pancras]] (each covering the parish of the same name) and the [[Metropolitan Borough of Holborn]], covering the combined area of the former St Giles District and Holborn District (subject to some boundary adjustments with neighbours on its south-eastern edges).<ref>{{cite book | first=Frederic |last=Youngs | title=Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England | volume=I: Southern England | year=1979 | publisher=[[Royal Historical Society]] | location=London | isbn=0-901050-67-9}}</ref><ref>[[London Government Act 1899]] (62 & 63 Vict. c. 14)</ref> |
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The London borough of Camden was created in 1965 under the [[London Government Act 1963]]. It covered the combined area of the three metropolitan boroughs of Hampstead, Holborn, and St Pancras, which were all abolished.<ref>Vision of Britain – [http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10136179&c_id=10001043 Camden LB] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080527220615/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10136179&c_id=10001043 |date=27 May 2008}}</ref> The initial [[Royal Commission on Local Government in Greater London|Herbert Commission]] report recommended that the new borough consist of St Pancras and Hampstead, but Holborn was later added. |
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According to Enid Wistrich, who was a member of Hampstead Council at the time, the name "Camden" was the idea of Alderman Room, the Leader of Hampstead Council, and Mr Wilson, the Town Clerk, while travelling in a taxi through [[Camden Town]]. The name "Fleet" had also been suggested, after the [[River Fleet|underground river]] that flowed through the three boroughs, but that was rejected as the river was little more than a sewer. Other suggestions included "Penhamborn", 'Bornhamcras" and "Hohampion". Government guidelines for the naming of the new boroughs suggested that the chosen name should be short and simple, and ideally one that was generally associated with the centre of the new Borough. The name "Camden" met those criteria.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Wistrich |first1=Enid |title=Local government reorganisation - the first years of Camden; |date=1972 |publisher=London Borough of Camden |location=London |isbn=0901389137 |pages=30–32}}</ref> |
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According to Enid Wistrich, who was a member of Hampstead Council at the time, the name "Camden" was the idea of Alderman Room, the Leader of Hampstead Council, and Mr Wilson, the Town Clerk, while travelling in a taxi through [[Camden Town]]. The name "Fleet" had also been suggested, after the [[River Fleet|underground river]] that flowed through the three boroughs, but that was rejected as the river was little more than a sewer. Other suggestions included "Penhamborn", 'Bornhamcras" and "Hohampion". Government guidelines for the naming of the new boroughs suggested that the chosen name should be short and simple, and ideally one that was generally associated with the centre of the new Borough. The name "Camden" met those criteria.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Wistrich |first1=Enid |title=Local government reorganisation – the first years of Camden; |date=1972 |publisher=London Borough of Camden |location=London |isbn=0901389137 |pages=30–32}}</ref> |
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The name "Camden Town" was derived from Camden Place, the seat of [[Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden]] who had owned and developed land in the area in the 1790s.<ref>Mills, A., ''Oxford Dictionary of London Place Names'', (2001)</ref><ref>{{cite book |pages=309–324 |chapter=Camden Town and Kentish Town |title=Old and New London |volume=5 |year=1878 |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=45239 |author=Walford, E.}}</ref> |
The name "Camden Town" was derived from Camden Place, the seat of [[Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden]] who had owned and developed land in the area in the 1790s.<ref>Mills, A., ''Oxford Dictionary of London Place Names'', (2001)</ref><ref>{{cite book |pages=309–324 |chapter=Camden Town and Kentish Town |title=Old and New London |volume=5 |year=1878 |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=45239 |author=Walford, E.}}</ref> |
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The transcribed diaries of William Copeland Astbury, recently made available, describe Camden and the surrounding areas in great detail from |
The transcribed diaries of William Copeland Astbury, recently made available, describe Camden and the surrounding areas in great detail from 1829 to 1848.<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Orchard |editor1-first=Stephen |title=The diary of William Copeland Astbury (1783–1868)}} The originals of the Astbury Diary are held in the Cheshunt Collection at [[Westminster College, Cambridge]]</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Journal of William Copeland Astbury |url=https://www.astburydiary.org.uk |website=Astbury Diary |access-date=4 June 2023}}</ref> |
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There are [[List of English Heritage blue plaques in Camden|162 English Heritage blue plaques]]<ref name="auto">https://www.london.gov.uk/in-my-area/camden Camden</ref> in the borough of Camden representing the many diverse personalities that have lived there.<ref name='EngHetCam'>{{cite web|title=Search Blue Plaques|url=http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/discover/blue-plaques/search/#?showTotals=true&terms=&mode=BluePlaques&borough=London%20Borough%20of%20Camden|work=Blue plaques search – Camden|publisher=[[English Heritage]]|access-date=7 March 2018}}</ref> |
There are [[List of English Heritage blue plaques in Camden|162 English Heritage blue plaques]]<ref name="auto">https://www.london.gov.uk/in-my-area/camden Camden</ref> in the borough of Camden representing the many diverse personalities that have lived there.<ref name='EngHetCam'>{{cite web|title=Search Blue Plaques|url=http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/discover/blue-plaques/search/#?showTotals=true&terms=&mode=BluePlaques&borough=London%20Borough%20of%20Camden|work=Blue plaques search – Camden|publisher=[[English Heritage]]|access-date=7 March 2018}}</ref> |
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==Geography and economy== |
==Geography and economy== |
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{{For|a full list of districts and neighbourhoods of Camden|List of districts in Camden}} |
{{For|a full list of districts and neighbourhoods of Camden|List of districts in Camden}} |
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The area of the old parish and borough of [[Hampstead]] in the north-west includes [[Belsize Park]] and part of [[Kilburn, London|Kilburn]]. The old parish and borough of [[St Pancras, London|St Pancras]], which occupies most of the modern borough, includes [[Camden Town]], [[Kentish Town]], [[Gospel Oak]], [[Somers Town, London|Somers Town]], [[King's Cross, London|King's Cross]], [[Chalk Farm]], [[Dartmouth Park]], the core area of [[Fitzrovia]] and a part of [[Highgate]]. |
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The borough was formed in 1965 by the merger of the [[Metropolitan boroughs of the County of London|metropolitan borough]]s of [[Metropolitan Borough of St Pancras|St Pancras]], [[Metropolitan Borough of Hampstead|Hampstead]] and [[Metropolitan Borough of Holborn|Holborn]]. The first two of these had their origins in medieval [[Civil Parish#Ancient parishes|Ancient Parishes]] of the same name, while Holborn was formed by a union of much smaller units. |
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The area of the old parish and borough of [[Hampstead]] in the north-west includes [[Belsize Park]] and part of [[Kilburn, London|Kilburn]]. The old parish and borough of [[St Pancras, London|St Pancras]], which occupies most of the modern borough includes [[Camden Town]], [[Kentish Town]], [[Gospel Oak]], [[Somers Town, London|Somers Town]], [[King's Cross, London|King's Cross]], [[Chalk Farm]], [[Dartmouth Park]], the core area of [[Fitzrovia]] and a part of [[Highgate]]. |
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[[File:LONDON, MARYLEBONE by BARTLETT, F.A. and B.J. DAVIES.jpg|260px|thumb|The [[Civil Parish#Ancient parishes|Ancient Parishes]] of – west to east – [[Paddington]] and [[Marylebone|St Marylebone]] (in the modern [[City of Westminster]]), and St Pancras (in the modern London Borough of Camden) in 1834]] |
[[File:LONDON, MARYLEBONE by BARTLETT, F.A. and B.J. DAVIES.jpg|260px|thumb|The [[Civil Parish#Ancient parishes|Ancient Parishes]] of – west to east – [[Paddington]] and [[Marylebone|St Marylebone]] (in the modern [[City of Westminster]]), and St Pancras (in the modern London Borough of Camden) in 1834]] |
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In the south, the old Borough of Holborn was formed from the combined parish of [[Bloomsbury]] and [[St Giles, London|St Giles]], and most of the parish of [[Holborn]] (with the remaining part in the ancient [[Farringdon Without]] ward of the [[City of London]]). |
In the south, the old Borough of Holborn was formed from the combined parish of [[Bloomsbury]] and [[St Giles, London|St Giles]], and most of the parish of [[Holborn]] (with the remaining part in the ancient [[Farringdon Without]] ward of the [[City of London]]). |
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The economy and land uses of the [[West End of London|West End]]<ref>Atkins, Peter J. "How the West End was won: the struggle to remove street barriers in Victorian London." Journal of Historical Geography 19.3 (1993): 265.</ref><ref>How the West End was won: the struggle to remove street barriers in Victorian London. Atkins, P J. Journal of Historical Geography; London Vol. 19, Iss. 3, (Jul 1, 1993): 265.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www3.camden.gov.uk/westendproject/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Project-Overview-for-website-1.pdf|publisher=London Borough of Camden| title=Improvements in a part of the borough they refer to as 'West End'}}</ref> and other southern parts of the borough reflect their more [[central London|central]] location. Camden has the seventh largest economy in the UK<ref name="auto" /> with a number of major companies headquartered in the borough; [[Google]] is in the process of completing a major headquarter building in |
The economy and land uses of the [[West End of London|West End]]<ref>Atkins, Peter J. "How the West End was won: the struggle to remove street barriers in Victorian London." Journal of Historical Geography 19.3 (1993): 265.</ref><ref>How the West End was won: the struggle to remove street barriers in Victorian London. Atkins, P J. Journal of Historical Geography; London Vol. 19, Iss. 3, (Jul 1, 1993): 265.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www3.camden.gov.uk/westendproject/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Project-Overview-for-website-1.pdf|publisher=London Borough of Camden| title=Improvements in a part of the borough they refer to as 'West End'}}</ref> and other southern parts of the borough reflect their more [[central London|central]] location. Camden has the seventh largest economy in the UK<ref name="auto" /> with a number of major companies headquartered in the borough; [[Google]] is in the process of completing a major headquarter building in King's Cross.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/jul/28/google-commits-to-vast-london-office-despite-rise-of-remote-working|title=Google commits to vast London office despite rise of remote working|author=Joanna Partridge|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=28 July 2020}}</ref> [[Camden Town Brewery]] is among the newer businesses that have thrived in the borough. |
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In the far south of the borough, [[Lincoln's Inn Fields]] is within 500 metres of the Thames. The northern part of the borough includes the less densely developed areas of [[Hampstead]], [[Hampstead Heath]] and Kentish Town. There are a number of [[Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Camden]]. Neighbouring boroughs are the [[City of Westminster]] and the [[City of London]] to the south, [[London Borough of Brent|Brent]] to the west of the originally Roman [[Watling Street|Watling Street (now the A5 Road)]], [[London Borough of Barnet|Barnet]] and [[London Borough of Haringey|Haringey]] to the north and [[London Borough of Islington|Islington]] to the east. It covers all or part of the N1, N6, N7, N19, NW1, NW2, NW3, NW5, NW6, NW8, EC1, WC1, WC2, W1 and W9 postcode areas. |
In the far south of the borough, [[Lincoln's Inn Fields]] is within 500 metres of the Thames. The northern part of the borough includes the less densely developed areas of [[Hampstead]], [[Hampstead Heath]] and Kentish Town. There are a number of [[Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Camden]]. Neighbouring boroughs are the [[City of Westminster]] and the [[City of London]] to the south, [[London Borough of Brent|Brent]] to the west of the originally Roman [[Watling Street|Watling Street (now the A5 Road)]], [[London Borough of Barnet|Barnet]] and [[London Borough of Haringey|Haringey]] to the north and [[London Borough of Islington|Islington]] to the east. It covers all or part of the N1, N6, N7, N19, NW1, NW2, NW3, NW5, NW6, NW8, EC1, WC1, WC2, W1 and W9 postcode areas. |
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==Governance and politics== |
==Governance and politics== |
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{{main|Camden London Borough Council}} |
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The local authority is Camden Council, which meets at [[Camden Town Hall]] (formerly St Pancras Town Hall) in Judd Street in [[St Pancras, London|St Pancras]], and has its headquarters at 5 Panrcas Square.<ref>{{cite web |title=5 Pancras Square, Camden Council's new community building, is opened |url=https://argentllp.co.uk/2014/07/10/press-release-2014-07-11 |website=Argent |access-date=23 April 2024 |date=10 July 2014}}</ref> |
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[[File:Camden London UK labelled ward map 2022.svg|thumb|right|A map showing the wards of Camden since 2022]] |
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===Local government=== |
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Borough councillors are elected every four years. Since May 2022 the electoral wards in Camden are: |
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{{see also|Camden London Borough Council|Camden local elections}} |
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{{div col|colwidth=12em}} |
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[[File:Camden London UK labelled ward map 2022.svg|thumb|left|A map showing the wards of Camden since 2022]] |
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*[[Belsize (ward)|Belsize]] |
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[[Camden Town Hall]] is located in Judd Street in [[St Pancras, London|St Pancras]]. [[Camden London Borough Council]] was controlled by the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] continuously from 1971 until the [[2006 Camden Council election|2006 election]], when the [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]] became the largest party. In 2006, two Green Cllrs, Maya de Souza and Adrian Oliver, were elected (to Highgate Ward) and were the first Green Party councillors in Camden. In 1985 when the borough was [[Rates Act 1984|rate-capped]], the Labour leadership joined the [[Rate-capping rebellion|rebellion]] in which it declared its inability to set a budget in an unsuccessful attempt to force the Government to allow higher spending. Camden was the fourth to last council to drop out of the campaign, doing so in the early hours of 6 June. |
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*[[Bloomsbury (ward)|Bloomsbury]] |
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*[[Camden Square (ward)|Camden Square]] |
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*[[Fortune Green (ward)|Fortune Green]] |
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*[[Frognal (ward)|Frognal]] |
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*[[Gospel Oak (ward)|Gospel Oak]] |
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*[[Hampstead Town (ward)|Hampstead Town]] |
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*[[Haverstock (ward)|Haverstock]] |
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*[[Highgate (Camden ward)|Highgate]] |
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*[[Holborn and Covent Garden (ward)|Holborn and Covent Garden]] |
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*[[Kentish Town North (ward)|Kentish Town North]] |
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*[[Kentish Town South (ward)|Kentish Town South]] |
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*[[Kilburn (Camden ward)|Kilburn]] |
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*[[King's Cross (ward)|King's Cross]] |
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*[[Primrose Hill (ward)|Primrose Hill]] |
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*[[Regent's Park (Camden ward)|Regent's Park]] |
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*[[St Pancras and Somers Town (ward)|St Pancras and Somers Town]] |
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*[[West Hampstead (ward)|West Hampstead]]{{div col end}} |
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===Greater London representation=== |
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Borough councillors are elected every four years. Since May 2022 the electoral wards in Camden are [[Belsize (ward)|Belsize]], [[Bloomsbury (ward)|Bloomsbury]], [[Camden Square (ward)|Camden Square]], [[Fortune Green (ward)|Fortune Green]], [[Frognal (ward)|Frognal]], [[Gospel Oak (ward)|Gospel Oak]], [[Hampstead Town (ward)|Hampstead Town]], [[Haverstock (ward)|Haverstock]], [[Highgate (Camden ward)|Highgate]], [[Holborn and Covent Garden (ward)|Holborn and Covent Garden]], [[Kentish Town North (ward)|Kentish Town North]], [[Kentish Town South (ward)|Kentish Town South]], [[Kilburn (Camden ward)|Kilburn]], [[King's Cross (ward)|King's Cross]], [[Primrose Hill (ward)|Primrose Hill]], [[Regent's Park (Camden ward)|Regent's Park]], [[St Pancras and Somers Town (ward)|St Pancras and Somers Town]] and [[West Hampstead (ward)|West Hampstead]]. |
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Since 2000, Camden forms part of the [[Barnet and Camden (London Assembly constituency)|Barnet and Camden]] London Assembly constituency, represented by [[Anne Clarke (politician)|Anne Clarke]] of the Labour Party. |
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Between 2006 and 2010 Labour lost two seats to the Liberal Democrats through by-elections, in Kentish Town and Haverstock wards. A Labour Councillor in Haverstock ward also defected to the Liberal Democrats in February 2009. The Conservatives also lost two seats, one to the Liberal Democrats in Hampstead, and one to the [[Green Party of England and Wales|Green Party]], Alexander Goodman, in Highgate, taking the total number of Green Party Councillors to three. At the [[2010 Camden Council election|local elections on 6 May 2010]] the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour party]] regained full control of Camden council. |
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The organisation's staff are led by the [[Chief Executive]] who is currently Jenny Rowlands. The organisation is divided into three directorates: |
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* Supporting People |
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* Supporting Communities |
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* Corporate Services |
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The directorates are headed by an Executive Director who reports directly to the Chief Executive. Each directorate is divided into a number of ''divisions'' headed by a Director. They, in turn, are divided into ''groups'' which are themselves divided into ''services''. This is a similar model to most local government in London. |
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===London Assembly=== |
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Camden forms part of the [[Barnet and Camden (London Assembly constituency)|Barnet and Camden]] London Assembly constituency, represented by [[Anne Clarke (politician)|Anne Clarke]] of the Labour Party |
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===UK Parliament=== |
===UK Parliament=== |
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==Demographics== |
==Demographics== |
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[[File:Camden population pyramid.svg|thumb|Population pyramid of the Borough of Camden in 2021]] |
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{{Historical populations |
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|type = UK |
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|title = Population |
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|footnote = Source: [http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10099651&c_id=10001043&add=N ''A Vision of Britain through time''] and the [https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/datasets/populationandhouseholdestimatesenglandandwalescensus2021 ONS] |
|||
|1801 |96795 |
|||
|1811 |124741 |
|||
|1821 |158077 |
|||
|1831 |192228 |
|||
|1841 |228950 |
|||
|1851 |270197 |
|||
|1861 |301408 |
|||
|1871 |332619 |
|||
|1881 |363830 |
|||
|1891 |376500 |
|||
|1901 |362581 |
|||
|1911 |349184 |
|||
|1921 |335408 |
|||
|1931 |322212 |
|||
|1941 |286956 |
|||
|1951 |255558 |
|||
|1961 |231143 |
|||
|1971 |209097 |
|||
|1981 |161100 |
|||
|1991 |181489 |
|||
|2001 |198027 |
|||
|2011 |220338 |
|||
|2021 |210,136 |
|||
}} |
|||
In 1801, the [[civil parish]]es that form the modern borough were already developed and had a total population of 96,795. This continued to rise swiftly throughout the 19th century as the district became built up, reaching 270,197 in the middle of the century. When the railways arrived the rate of [[population growth]] slowed, for while many people were drawn in by new employment, others were made homeless by the new central London termini and construction of lines through the district. The population peaked at 376,500 in the 1890s, after which official efforts began to clear the overcrowded [[slum]]s around [[Metropolitan Borough of St Pancras|St Pancras]] and [[Metropolitan Borough of Holborn|Holborn]]. |
In 1801, the [[civil parish]]es that form the modern borough were already developed and had a total population of 96,795. This continued to rise swiftly throughout the 19th century as the district became built up, reaching 270,197 in the middle of the century. When the railways arrived the rate of [[population growth]] slowed, for while many people were drawn in by new employment, others were made homeless by the new central London termini and construction of lines through the district. The population peaked at 376,500 in the 1890s, after which official efforts began to clear the overcrowded [[slum]]s around [[Metropolitan Borough of St Pancras|St Pancras]] and [[Metropolitan Borough of Holborn|Holborn]]. |
||
After [[World War II]], further suburban public housing was built to rehouse the many Londoners made homeless in [[the Blitz]], and there was an exodus from London towards the [[New towns in the United Kingdom|new towns]] under the [[Greater London Plan|Abercrombie Plan for London]] (1944). As industry declined during the 1970s the population continued to decline, falling to 161,100 at the start of the 1980s. It has now begun to rise again with new housing developments on brownfield sites and the release of railway and gas work lands around [[Kings Cross, London|Kings Cross]]. A 2017 study found that the eviction rate of 6 per 1,000 renting households in Camden is the lowest rate in London.<ref name="London's Poverty Profile">{{cite web|title=London's Poverty Profile|url=https://www.trustforlondon.org.uk/data/evictions-borough/|website=Trust for London|access-date=9 January 2018}}</ref> |
After [[World War II]], further suburban public housing was built to rehouse the many Londoners made homeless in [[the Blitz]], and there was an exodus from London towards the [[New towns in the United Kingdom|new towns]] under the [[Greater London Plan|Abercrombie Plan for London]] (1944). As industry declined during the 1970s the population continued to decline, falling to 161,100 at the start of the 1980s. It has now begun to rise again with new housing developments on brownfield sites and the release of railway and gas work lands around [[Kings Cross, London|Kings Cross]]. A 2017 study found that the eviction rate of 6 per 1,000 renting households in Camden is the lowest rate in London.<ref name="London's Poverty Profile">{{cite web|title=London's Poverty Profile|url=https://www.trustforlondon.org.uk/data/evictions-borough/|website=Trust for London|access-date=9 January 2018}}</ref> |
||
[[File:Camden population pyramid.svg|thumb|Population pyramid of the Borough of Camden in 2021|upright=1.05]] |
|||
The [[United Kingdom Census 2001|2001 census]] gave Camden a population of 198,000, an undercount that was later revised to 202,600.<ref>Camden Council – [http://www.camden.gov.uk/ccm/cms-service/stream/asset/?asset_id=673012 Camden Key Facts 2001–2016]{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The latest ONS projection puts the 2019 population at 270,000.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://opendata.camden.gov.uk/browse?q=Population&sortBy=relevance|title=Open Data Portal|website=London Borough of Camden}}</ref> |
The [[United Kingdom Census 2001|2001 census]] gave Camden a population of 198,000, an undercount that was later revised to 202,600.<ref>Camden Council – [http://www.camden.gov.uk/ccm/cms-service/stream/asset/?asset_id=673012 Camden Key Facts 2001–2016]{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The latest ONS projection puts the 2019 population at 270,000.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://opendata.camden.gov.uk/browse?q=Population&sortBy=relevance|title=Open Data Portal|website=London Borough of Camden}}</ref> |
||
On 20 May 1999, the ''[[Camden New Journal]]'' newspaper documented 'Two Camdens' syndrome as a high-profile phenomenon differentiating the characteristics of education services in its constituencies. In 2006, Dame Julia Neuberger's book reported similar variation as a characteristic of Camden's children's health services. Her insider's view was corroboration – in addition to the 2001 "Inequalities" report by Director of Public Health |
On 20 May 1999, the ''[[Camden New Journal]]'' newspaper documented 'Two Camdens' syndrome as a high-profile phenomenon differentiating the characteristics of education services in its constituencies. In 2006, Dame Julia Neuberger's book reported similar variation as a characteristic of Camden's children's health services. Her insider's view was corroboration – in addition to the 2001 "Inequalities" report by Director of Public Health Maggie Barker of "stark contrasts in" health and education opportunities – of earlier similar Audit Commission findings and a verification/update of the 1999 CNJ report.<ref>see the DFES Children Act report (2000); ''The Health Divide'' by Voluntary Action Camden; ''Health Inequalities in Camden'' Maggie Barker, a public Health Report; "Seen But Not Heard" an Audit Commission report based on research carried out mainly in Camden; and ''The Moral State We're In'' by Dame [[Julia Neuberger]], former chair of Camden Community Health Services NHS Trust, et al.</ref> |
||
===Ethnicity=== |
===Ethnicity=== |
||
Line 201: | Line 177: | ||
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right" |
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right" |
||
! rowspan="3" |Ethnic group |
|||
! colspan="14" |Year |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan="2" |1966 estimations<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethnic minorities in Britain |url=https://search.worldcat.org/title/659921 |access-date=2024-06-15 |website=search.worldcat.org |page=42 |language=en}}</ref> |
|||
!rowspan="2"|Ethnic group |
|||
! colspan="2" | |
! colspan="2" |1971 estimations<ref>{{Cite web |title=Migration and London’s growth |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/74375221.pdf#page=94 |publisher=LSE}}</ref> |
||
! colspan="2" |1981 estimations<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicityin1991c0000unse |title=Ethnicity in the 1991 census: Vol 3 - Social geography and ethnicity in Britain, geographical spread, spatial concentration and internal migration |date=1996 |publisher=London : HMSO |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-11-691655-6}}</ref> |
|||
! colspan="2" |1991<ref>{{cite web |title=1991 census – theme tables |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/query/asv2htm.aspx |access-date=20 January 2017 |publisher=NOMIS}}</ref> |
|||
! colspan="2" |1991 census<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicityin1991c0000unse |title=Ethnicity in the 1991 census: Vol 3 - Social geography and ethnicity in Britain, geographical spread, spatial concentration and internal migration |date=1996 |publisher=London : HMSO |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-11-691655-6}}</ref> |
|||
!colspan="2"|2001<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/query/construct/submit.asp?forward=yes&menuopt=201&subcomp= |title=KS006 - Ethnic group |publisher=NOMIS |access-date=30 January 2016}}</ref> |
|||
!colspan="2"| |
! colspan="2" |2001 census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/query/construct/submit.asp?forward=yes&menuopt=201&subcomp= |title=KS006 - Ethnic group |publisher=NOMIS |access-date=30 January 2016}}</ref> |
||
! colspan="2" | |
! colspan="2" |2011 census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/QS201EW/view/1946157259?cols=measures |title=Ethnic Group by measures |publisher=NOMIS |access-date=8 January 2016}}</ref> |
||
! colspan="2" |2021 census<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethnic group - Office for National Statistics |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS021/editions/2021/versions/1/filter-outputs/d2f0a39a-75b6-4995-b4bd-a5b68ff79027#get-data |access-date=2022-11-29 |website=www.ons.gov.uk}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
!Number |
|||
!% |
|||
!Number |
|||
!% |
|||
!Number |
!Number |
||
!% |
!% |
||
Line 220: | Line 203: | ||
!% |
!% |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
Line 233: | Line 220: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="text-align:left" | [[White people in the United Kingdom|White]]: Total |
! style="text-align:left" | [[White people in the United Kingdom|White]]: Total |
||
!– |
|||
!135,004 |
|||
! |
!94.5% |
||
!– |
|||
!140,026 |
|||
!92.2% |
|||
!82.15%!! 144,896 !! 73.17% !! 146,055 !! 66.29% |
|||
!161,478 |
|||
!88.2% |
|||
!149,490 |
|||
!82.3%!! 144,896 !! 73.17% !! 146,055 !! 66.29% |
|||
!125,064 |
!125,064 |
||
!59.6% |
!59.6% |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White British|British]] |
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White British|British]] |
||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
Line 249: | Line 244: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White Irish|Irish]] |
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White Irish|Irish]] |
||
|– |
|||
|7.7% |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
Line 257: | Line 256: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White Gypsy or Irish Traveller|Gypsy or Irish Traveller]] |
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White Gypsy or Irish Traveller|Gypsy or Irish Traveller]] |
||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
Line 265: | Line 268: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
|White: Roma |
|White: Roma |
||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
Line 277: | Line 284: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[Other White|Other]] |
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[Other White|Other]] |
||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
Line 285: | Line 296: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="text-align:left" | [[British Asian|Asian or Asian British]]: Total |
! style="text-align:left" | [[British Asian|Asian or Asian British]]: Total |
||
! |
|||
!2.7% |
|||
!– |
!– |
||
!– |
!– |
||
! |
!10,612 |
||
!5.8% |
|||
!17,180 |
|||
!9.5%!! 24,021 !! 12.13% !! 35,446 !! 16.09% |
!9.5%!! 24,021 !! 12.13% !! 35,446 !! 16.09% |
||
!38,042 |
!38,042 |
||
Line 295: | Line 310: | ||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|||
|2,867 |
|||
|– |
|||
|1.68%|| 4,574 || 2.31% || 6,083|| 2.76% |
|||
|2,442 |
|||
| |
|||
|2,974 |
|||
| || 4,574 || 2.31% || 6,083|| 2.76% |
|||
|6,952 |
|6,952 |
||
|3.3% |
|3.3% |
||
Line 303: | Line 322: | ||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
| |
|– |
||
|– |
|||
|0.44%|| 1,250|| 0.63% || 1,489 || 0.68% |
|||
|608 |
|||
| |
|||
|796 |
|||
| || 1,250|| 0.63% || 1,489 || 0.68% |
|||
|1,610 |
|1,610 |
||
|0.8% |
|0.8% |
||
Line 311: | Line 334: | ||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|||
|6,021 |
|||
|– |
|||
|3.5%|| 12,569|| 6.35% || 12,503|| 5.67% |
|||
|2,765 |
|||
|1.5% |
|||
|6,718 |
|||
| || 12,569|| 6.35% || 12,503|| 5.67% |
|||
|14,356 |
|14,356 |
||
|6.8% |
|6.8% |
||
Line 319: | Line 346: | ||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|||
|2,633 |
|||
|– |
|||
|1.54%|| 3,470 || 1.75% || 6,493|| 2.95% |
|||
|2,271 |
|||
| |
|||
|2,652 |
|||
| || 3,470 || 1.75% || 6,493|| 2.95% |
|||
|6,728 |
|6,728 |
||
|3.2% |
|3.2% |
||
Line 327: | Line 358: | ||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|||
|3,923 |
|||
|– |
|||
|2.3%|| 2,158 || 1.09% || 8,878|| 4.03% |
|||
|2,526 |
|||
| |
|||
|4,040 |
|||
| || 2,158 || 1.09% || 8,878|| 4.03% |
|||
|8,396 |
|8,396 |
||
|4.0% |
|4.0% |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="text-align:left" | [[Black British people|Black or Black British]]: Total |
! style="text-align:left" | [[Black British people|Black or Black British]]: Total |
||
! |
|||
!2.8% |
|||
!– |
!– |
||
!– |
!– |
||
! |
!7,385 |
||
!4% |
|||
!5.5%!! 16,374 !! 8.27% !! 18,060 !! 8.20% |
|||
!9,809 |
|||
!5.4%!! 16,374 !! 8.27% !! 18,060 !! 8.20% |
|||
!18,892 |
!18,892 |
||
!9.1% |
!9.1% |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: [[British African-Caribbean people|African]] |
| style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: [[British African-Caribbean people|African]] |
||
|– |
|||
|1.3% |
|||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
| |
|3,196 |
||
|1.7% |
|||
|2.72%|| 11,795 || 5.96% || 10,802 || 4.90% |
|||
|4,664 |
|||
| || 11,795 || 5.96% || 10,802 || 4.90% |
|||
|14,191 |
|14,191 |
||
|6.8% |
|6.8% |
||
Line 350: | Line 393: | ||
| style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: [[British African-Caribbean people|Caribbean]] |
| style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: [[British African-Caribbean people|Caribbean]] |
||
|– |
|– |
||
|1.5% |
|||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|||
|3,054 |
|||
|2,762 |
|||
|1.79%|| 3,635 || 1.84% || 3,496 || 1.59% |
|||
|1.5% |
|||
|3,279 |
|||
| || 3,635 || 1.84% || 3,496 || 1.59% |
|||
|2,703 |
|2,703 |
||
|1.3% |
|1.3% |
||
Line 359: | Line 406: | ||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|||
|1,697 |
|||
|– |
|||
|1%|| 944 || 0.48% || 3,762 || 1.71% |
|||
|1,427 |
|||
| |
|||
|1,866 |
|||
| || 944 || 0.48% || 3,762 || 1.71% |
|||
|1,998 |
|1,998 |
||
|1.0% |
|1.0% |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="text-align:left" | [[Mixed (United Kingdom ethnicity category)|Mixed or British Mixed]]: Total |
! style="text-align:left" | [[Mixed (United Kingdom ethnicity category)|Mixed or British Mixed]]: Total |
||
!– |
|||
!– |
|||
!– |
|||
!– |
|||
!– |
!– |
||
!– |
!– |
||
Line 373: | Line 428: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Black Caribbean |
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Black Caribbean |
||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
Line 381: | Line 440: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Black African |
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Black African |
||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
Line 389: | Line 452: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Asian |
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Asian |
||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
Line 397: | Line 464: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: Other Mixed |
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: Other Mixed |
||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
Line 407: | Line 478: | ||
!– |
!– |
||
!– |
!– |
||
!– |
|||
!4,820 |
|||
!– |
|||
!2.8%!! 5,300 !! 2.68% !! 8,455 !! 3.84% |
|||
!3,768 |
|||
! |
|||
!5,220 |
|||
! !! 5,300 !! 2.68% !! 8,455 !! 3.84% |
|||
!14,200 |
!14,200 |
||
!6.8% |
!6.8% |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="text-align:left" | Other: Arab |
| style="text-align:left" | Other: Arab |
||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
Line 423: | Line 502: | ||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|– |
||
|– |
|||
|4,820 |
|||
|– |
|||
|2.8%|| 5,300 || 2.68%|| 5,023 || 2.28% |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|–|| – || –|| 5,023 || 2.28% |
|||
|9,783 |
|9,783 |
||
|4.7% |
|4.7% |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="text-align:left" | Ethnic minority: Total |
! style="text-align:left" | Ethnic minority: Total |
||
!– |
|||
!16,303 |
|||
! |
!5.5% |
||
!– |
|||
!30,418 |
|||
!7.8% |
|||
!17.8%!! 53,124 !! 26.83% !! 74,283 !! 33.71% |
|||
!21,765 |
|||
!11.8% |
|||
!32,209 |
|||
!17.7%!! 53,124 !! 26.83% !! 74,283 !! 33.71% |
|||
!85,072 |
!85,072 |
||
!40.4% |
!40.4% |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
Line 449: | Line 540: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="text-align:left" | Total |
! style="text-align:left" | Total |
||
!– |
|||
!151,307 |
|||
!100% |
!100% |
||
!– |
|||
!170,444 |
|||
!100% |
|||
!183,243 |
|||
!100% |
|||
!181,699 |
|||
!100%!! 198,020 !! 100% !! 220,338 !! 100% |
!100%!! 198,020 !! 100% !! 220,338 !! 100% |
||
!210,136 |
!210,136 |
||
!100% |
!100% |
||
|}{{stack|1={{Historical populations |
|||
|} |
|||
|type = UK |
|||
|title = Population |
|||
|footnote = Source: [http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10099651&c_id=10001043&add=N ''A Vision of Britain through time''] and the [https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/datasets/populationandhouseholdestimatesenglandandwalescensus2021 ONS] |
|||
|1801 |96795 |
|||
|1811 |124741 |
|||
|1821 |158077 |
|||
|1831 |192228 |
|||
|1841 |228950 |
|||
|1851 |270197 |
|||
|1861 |301408 |
|||
|1871 |332619 |
|||
|1881 |363830 |
|||
|1891 |376500 |
|||
|1901 |362581 |
|||
|1911 |349184 |
|||
|1921 |335408 |
|||
|1931 |322212 |
|||
|1941 |286956 |
|||
|1951 |255558 |
|||
|1961 |231143 |
|||
|1971 |209097 |
|||
|1981 |161100 |
|||
|1991 |181489 |
|||
|2001 |198027 |
|||
|2011 |220338 |
|||
|2021 |210,136 |
|||
}}}} |
|||
===Religion=== |
===Religion=== |
||
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* [[BT Tower]] |
* [[BT Tower]] |
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* [[Camden Arts Centre]] |
* [[Camden Arts Centre]] |
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* [[Camden |
* [[Camden Catacombs]] ''(see also [[Catacombs of London]])'' |
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* [[Camden Market]] |
* [[Camden Market]] |
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* Parts of [[Covent Garden]] |
* Parts of [[Covent Garden]] |
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==Education== |
==Education== |
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The Borough of Camden is home to a large number of primary, secondary and tertiary institutions. Over recent years, a number of significant institutions have moved into the borough or are planning to do so. The included [[Central Saint Martins]], the [[Francis Crick Institute]], as well as the planned move by [[Moorfields Eye Hospital]], recently unveiled as Project Oriel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oriel-london.org.uk/latest/|title=Latest updates}}</ref> |
The Borough of Camden is home to a large number of primary, secondary and tertiary institutions. Over recent years, a number of significant institutions have moved into the borough or are planning to do so. The included [[Central Saint Martins]], the [[Francis Crick Institute]], as well as the planned move by [[Moorfields Eye Hospital]], recently unveiled as Project Oriel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oriel-london.org.uk/latest/|title=Latest updates |website=Oriel }}</ref> |
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===Primary schools=== |
===Primary schools=== |
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* [[Goodenough College]] |
* [[Goodenough College]] |
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* [[London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine]] (part of University of London) |
* [[London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine]] (part of University of London) |
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* [[New York University]] ([[NYU London]]) |
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* [[National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery]] |
* [[National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery]] |
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* [[National Union of Students (United Kingdom)|National Union of Students]] |
* [[National Union of Students (United Kingdom)|National Union of Students]] |
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===London Fire Brigade=== |
===London Fire Brigade=== |
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The area has three fire stations: Euston, Kentish Town and West Hampstead and they are operated by [[London Fire Brigade]] in the borough of Camden. None of these fire stations are home to any specialist units; only pumping appliances and a rescue tender.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london-fire.gov.uk/about_us/media/Camden.pdf |title= |
The area has three fire stations: Euston, Kentish Town and West Hampstead and they are operated by [[London Fire Brigade]] in the borough of Camden. None of these fire stations are home to any specialist units; only pumping appliances and a rescue tender.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london-fire.gov.uk/about_us/media/Camden.pdf |title= Camden Borough Profile |publisher=London Fire Brigade |date=2007 |access-date=9 July 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081003125609/http://www.london-fire.gov.uk/about_us/media/Camden.pdf |archive-date=3 October 2008 |df=dmy-all }} London Fire Brigade – Camden Profile</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.london-fire.gov.uk/about_us/media/Camden.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081003125609/http://www.london-fire.gov.uk/about_us/media/Camden.pdf|url-status=dead|title=London Fire Brigade – Camden Profile|archivedate=3 October 2008}}</ref> |
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===Public libraries=== |
===Public libraries=== |
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{{LB Camden}} |
{{LB Camden}} |
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{{History of the formation of Camden}} |
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{{London}} |
{{London}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
Revision as of 18:08, 16 June 2024
London Borough of Camden | |
---|---|
| |
| |
Motto(s): Non sibi, sed toti (Not for self, but for all) | |
![]() Camden shown within Greater London | |
Sovereign state | Vereinigtes Königreich |
Constituent country | England |
Region | London |
Ceremonial county | Greater London |
Created | 1 April 1965 |
Admin HQ | 5 Pancras Square, King's Cross, London |
Regierung | |
• Type | London borough council |
• Body | Camden London Borough Council |
• London Assembly | Anne Clarke (Lab) AM for Barnet and Camden |
• MPs |
|
Area | |
• Total | 8.4 sq mi (21.8 km2) |
• Rank | 287th (of 296) |
Population (2022) | |
• Total | 218,0491 |
• Rank | 87th (of 296) |
• Density | 25,920/sq mi (10,007/km2) |
• Rank | 8th (of 296) |
Time zone | UTC (GMT) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (BST) |
Postcodes | |
Area code | 020 |
GSS code | E09000007 |
Police | Metropolitan Police |
Website | camden.gov.uk |
1 There are concerns about the accuracy of this data[1] |
The London Borough of Camden (/ˈkæmdən/)[2] is a London borough in Inner London, England. Camden Town Hall, on Euston Road, lies 1.4 mi (2.3 km) north of Charing Cross. The borough was established on 1 April 1965 and includes the former Central London borough of Holborn, and St Pancras and Hampstead.
To the south it shares with the City of Westminster parts of the West End, where it also borders the City of London. The cultural and commercial land uses in the south contrast with the bustling mixed-use districts such as Camden Town and Kentish Town in the centre and leafy residential areas around Hampstead Heath in the north. Well known attractions include The British Museum, The British Library, the famous views from Parliament Hill, the London Zoo, the BT Tower, the converted Roundhouse entertainment venue, and Camden Market. As of 2021 it has a population of 210,136.
The local authority is Camden London Borough Council.[3]
History
The area of the modern borough had historically been part of the county of Middlesex. From 1856 the area was governed by the Metropolitan Board of Works, which was established to provide services across the metropolis of London.[4] In 1889 the Metropolitan Board of Works' area was made the County of London.
From 1856 until 1900 the lower tier of local government within the metropolis comprised various parish vestries and district boards. The ancient parishes of Hampstead and St Pancras were each governed by their vestry. The various smaller parishes and territories to the south were grouped into the St Giles District and Holborn District, each governed by a district board. In 1900 the lower tier was reorganised into metropolitan boroughs, including the Metropolitan Borough of Hampstead, the Metropolitan Borough of St Pancras (each covering the parish of the same name) and the Metropolitan Borough of Holborn, covering the combined area of the former St Giles District and Holborn District (subject to some boundary adjustments with neighbours on its south-eastern edges).[5][6]
The London borough of Camden was created in 1965 under the London Government Act 1963. It covered the combined area of the three metropolitan boroughs of Hampstead, Holborn, and St Pancras, which were all abolished.[7] The initial Herbert Commission report recommended that the new borough consist of St Pancras and Hampstead, but Holborn was later added.
According to Enid Wistrich, who was a member of Hampstead Council at the time, the name "Camden" was the idea of Alderman Room, the Leader of Hampstead Council, and Mr Wilson, the Town Clerk, while travelling in a taxi through Camden Town. The name "Fleet" had also been suggested, after the underground river that flowed through the three boroughs, but that was rejected as the river was little more than a sewer. Other suggestions included "Penhamborn", 'Bornhamcras" and "Hohampion". Government guidelines for the naming of the new boroughs suggested that the chosen name should be short and simple, and ideally one that was generally associated with the centre of the new Borough. The name "Camden" met those criteria.[8]
The name "Camden Town" was derived from Camden Place, the seat of Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden who had owned and developed land in the area in the 1790s.[9][10]
The transcribed diaries of William Copeland Astbury, recently made available, describe Camden and the surrounding areas in great detail from 1829 to 1848.[11][12]
There are 162 English Heritage blue plaques[13] in the borough of Camden representing the many diverse personalities that have lived there.[14]
Geography and economy
The area of the old parish and borough of Hampstead in the north-west includes Belsize Park and part of Kilburn. The old parish and borough of St Pancras, which occupies most of the modern borough, includes Camden Town, Kentish Town, Gospel Oak, Somers Town, King's Cross, Chalk Farm, Dartmouth Park, the core area of Fitzrovia and a part of Highgate.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/LONDON%2C_MARYLEBONE_by_BARTLETT%2C_F.A._and_B.J._DAVIES.jpg/260px-LONDON%2C_MARYLEBONE_by_BARTLETT%2C_F.A._and_B.J._DAVIES.jpg)
In the south, the old Borough of Holborn was formed from the combined parish of Bloomsbury and St Giles, and most of the parish of Holborn (with the remaining part in the ancient Farringdon Without ward of the City of London).
The economy and land uses of the West End[15][16][17] and other southern parts of the borough reflect their more central location. Camden has the seventh largest economy in the UK[13] with a number of major companies headquartered in the borough; Google is in the process of completing a major headquarter building in King's Cross.[18] Camden Town Brewery is among the newer businesses that have thrived in the borough.
In the far south of the borough, Lincoln's Inn Fields is within 500 metres of the Thames. The northern part of the borough includes the less densely developed areas of Hampstead, Hampstead Heath and Kentish Town. There are a number of Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Camden. Neighbouring boroughs are the City of Westminster and the City of London to the south, Brent to the west of the originally Roman Watling Street (now the A5 Road), Barnet and Haringey to the north and Islington to the east. It covers all or part of the N1, N6, N7, N19, NW1, NW2, NW3, NW5, NW6, NW8, EC1, WC1, WC2, W1 and W9 postcode areas.
For planning policy purposes, the London Plan places Camden in the 'Central London' group of boroughs.[19]
Governance and politics
The local authority is Camden Council, which meets at Camden Town Hall (formerly St Pancras Town Hall) in Judd Street in St Pancras, and has its headquarters at 5 Panrcas Square.[20]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Camden_London_UK_labelled_ward_map_2022.svg/220px-Camden_London_UK_labelled_ward_map_2022.svg.png)
Borough councillors are elected every four years. Since May 2022 the electoral wards in Camden are:
Greater London representation
Since 2000, Camden forms part of the Barnet and Camden London Assembly constituency, represented by Anne Clarke of the Labour Party.
UK Parliament
There are two parliamentary constituencies covering Camden: Hampstead and Kilburn in the north, represented by Labour's Tulip Siddiq, and Holborn and St. Pancras in the south, represented by Keir Starmer, the leader of the Labour Party.[21]
Demographics
In 1801, the civil parishes that form the modern borough were already developed and had a total population of 96,795. This continued to rise swiftly throughout the 19th century as the district became built up, reaching 270,197 in the middle of the century. When the railways arrived the rate of population growth slowed, for while many people were drawn in by new employment, others were made homeless by the new central London termini and construction of lines through the district. The population peaked at 376,500 in the 1890s, after which official efforts began to clear the overcrowded slums around St Pancras and Holborn.
After World War II, further suburban public housing was built to rehouse the many Londoners made homeless in the Blitz, and there was an exodus from London towards the new towns under the Abercrombie Plan for London (1944). As industry declined during the 1970s the population continued to decline, falling to 161,100 at the start of the 1980s. It has now begun to rise again with new housing developments on brownfield sites and the release of railway and gas work lands around Kings Cross. A 2017 study found that the eviction rate of 6 per 1,000 renting households in Camden is the lowest rate in London.[22]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Camden_population_pyramid.svg/230px-Camden_population_pyramid.svg.png)
The 2001 census gave Camden a population of 198,000, an undercount that was later revised to 202,600.[23] The latest ONS projection puts the 2019 population at 270,000.[24]
On 20 May 1999, the Camden New Journal newspaper documented 'Two Camdens' syndrome as a high-profile phenomenon differentiating the characteristics of education services in its constituencies. In 2006, Dame Julia Neuberger's book reported similar variation as a characteristic of Camden's children's health services. Her insider's view was corroboration – in addition to the 2001 "Inequalities" report by Director of Public Health Maggie Barker of "stark contrasts in" health and education opportunities – of earlier similar Audit Commission findings and a verification/update of the 1999 CNJ report.[25]
Ethnicity
The following table shows the ethnic group of respondents in the 2001 and 2011 census in Camden.
Ethnic group | Year | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1966 estimations[26] | 1971 estimations[27] | 1981 estimations[28] | 1991 census[29] | 2001 census[30] | 2011 census[31] | 2021 census[32] | ||||||||
Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
White: Total | - | 94.5% | - | 92.2% | 161,478 | 88.2% | 149,490 | 82.3% | 144,896 | 73.17% | 146,055 | 66.29% | 125,064 | 59.6% |
White: British | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 104,390 | 52.72% | 96,937 | 43.99% | 74,348 | 35.4% |
White: Irish | - | 7.7% | - | - | - | - | - | - | 9,149 | 4.62% | 7,053 | 3.20% | 5,325 | 2.5% |
White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 167 | 0.08% | 128 | 0.1% |
White: Roma | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 978 | 0.5% |
White: Other | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 31,357 | 15.84% | 41,898 | 19.02% | 44,285 | 21.1% |
Asian or Asian British: Total | 2.7% | - | - | 10,612 | 5.8% | 17,180 | 9.5% | 24,021 | 12.13% | 35,446 | 16.09% | 38,042 | 18.1% | |
Asian or Asian British: Indian | - | - | - | - | 2,442 | 2,974 | 4,574 | 2.31% | 6,083 | 2.76% | 6,952 | 3.3% | ||
Asian or Asian British: Pakistani | - | - | - | - | 608 | 796 | 1,250 | 0.63% | 1,489 | 0.68% | 1,610 | 0.8% | ||
Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi | - | - | - | - | 2,765 | 1.5% | 6,718 | 12,569 | 6.35% | 12,503 | 5.67% | 14,356 | 6.8% | |
Asian or Asian British: Chinese | - | - | - | - | 2,271 | 2,652 | 3,470 | 1.75% | 6,493 | 2.95% | 6,728 | 3.2% | ||
Asian or Asian British: Other Asian | - | - | - | - | 2,526 | 4,040 | 2,158 | 1.09% | 8,878 | 4.03% | 8,396 | 4.0% | ||
Black or Black British: Total | 2.8% | - | - | 7,385 | 4% | 9,809 | 5.4% | 16,374 | 8.27% | 18,060 | 8.20% | 18,892 | 9.1% | |
Black or Black British: African | - | 1.3% | - | - | 3,196 | 1.7% | 4,664 | 11,795 | 5.96% | 10,802 | 4.90% | 14,191 | 6.8% | |
Black or Black British: Caribbean | - | 1.5% | - | - | 2,762 | 1.5% | 3,279 | 3,635 | 1.84% | 3,496 | 1.59% | 2,703 | 1.3% | |
Black or Black British: Other Black | - | - | - | - | 1,427 | 1,866 | 944 | 0.48% | 3,762 | 1.71% | 1,998 | 1.0% | ||
Mixed or British Mixed: Total | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 7,429 | 3.75% | 12,322 | 5.59% | 13,938 | 6.6% |
Mixed: White and Black Caribbean | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1,654 | 0.84% | 2,494 | 1.13% | 2,558 | 1.2% |
Mixed: White and Black African | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1,224 | 0.62% | 1,800 | 0.82% | 2,059 | 1.0% |
Mixed: White and Asian | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1,983 | 1.00% | 3,880 | 1.76% | 4,243 | 2.0% |
Mixed: Other Mixed | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2,568 | 1.30% | 4,148 | 1.88% | 5,078 | 2.4% |
Other: Total | - | - | - | - | 3,768 | 5,220 | 5,300 | 2.68% | 8,455 | 3.84% | 14,200 | 6.8% | ||
Other: Arab | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3,432 | 1.56% | 4,417 | 2.1% |
Other: Any other ethnic group | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5,023 | 2.28% | 9,783 | 4.7% |
Ethnic minority: Total | - | 5.5% | - | 7.8% | 21,765 | 11.8% | 32,209 | 17.7% | 53,124 | 26.83% | 74,283 | 33.71% | 85,072 | 40.4% |
Total | - | 100% | - | 100% | 183,243 | 100% | 181,699 | 100% | 198,020 | 100% | 220,338 | 100% | 210,136 | 100% |
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1801 | 96,795 | — |
1811 | 124,741 | +28.9% |
1821 | 158,077 | +26.7% |
1831 | 192,228 | +21.6% |
1841 | 228,950 | +19.1% |
1851 | 270,197 | +18.0% |
1861 | 301,408 | +11.6% |
1871 | 332,619 | +10.4% |
1881 | 363,830 | +9.4% |
1891 | 376,500 | +3.5% |
1901 | 362,581 | −3.7% |
1911 | 349,184 | −3.7% |
1921 | 335,408 | −3.9% |
1931 | 322,212 | −3.9% |
1941 | 286,956 | −10.9% |
1951 | 255,558 | −10.9% |
1961 | 231,143 | −9.6% |
1971 | 209,097 | −9.5% |
1981 | 161,100 | −23.0% |
1991 | 181,489 | +12.7% |
2001 | 198,027 | +9.1% |
2011 | 220,338 | +11.3% |
2021 | 210,136 | −4.6% |
Source: A Vision of Britain through time and the ONS |
Religion
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Religious_makeup_of_Camden_by_single_year_age_groups_in_2021.svg/220px-Religious_makeup_of_Camden_by_single_year_age_groups_in_2021.svg.png)
The following shows the religious identity of residents residing in Camden according to the 2001, 2011 and the 2021 censuses.
Religion | 2001[33] | 2011[34] | 2021[35] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
Holds religious beliefs | 134,545 | 67.9 | 118,949 | 54.0 | 118,581 | 56.4 |
Christian | 93,259 | 47.1 | 74,821 | 34.0 | 65,980 | 31.4 |
Muslim | 22,906 | 11.6 | 26,643 | 12.1 | 33,830 | 16.1 |
Jewish | 11,153 | 5.6 | 9,823 | 4.5 | 10,079 | 4.8 |
Hindu | 3,031 | 1.5 | 3,141 | 1.4 | 3,991 | 1.9 |
Sikh | 443 | 0.2 | 465 | 0.2 | 487 | 0.2 |
Buddhist | 2,595 | 1.3 | 2,789 | 1.3 | 2,410 | 1.1 |
Other religion | 1,161 | 0.6 | 1,267 | 0.6 | 1,842 | 0.9 |
No religion | 43,609 | 22.0 | 56,113 | 25.5 | 72,776 | 34.6 |
Religion not stated | 19,866 | 10.0 | 45,276 | 20.5 | 18,743 | 8.9 |
Total population | 198,020 | 100.0 | 220,338 | 100.0 | 210,100 | 100.0 |
Note: The number of residents in the "Religion not stated" category in 2011 was overestimated due to an error processing the 2011 census data[36] |
Landmarks
Parks and open spaces
London is well known for its greenery and the Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Camden make an important contribution to this. Hampstead Heath is well known for its view over London, notably from Parliament Hill, its wild nature and its Hampstead Heath Ponds. Camden shares Regents Park with Westminster and the views from Primrose Hill are famous.
Attractions
- Bloomsbury Theatre
- BT Tower
- Camden Arts Centre
- Camden Catacombs (see also Catacombs of London)
- Camden Market
- Parts of Covent Garden
- Dickens House
- Dominion Theatre
- Drama Centre London
- Euston station
- Fenton House
- Foundling Museum
- Freud Museum
- Grant Museum of Zoology
- Gray's Inn
- Hampstead Cemetery
- Hampstead Heath
- Hatton Garden
- Highgate Cemetery
- Jewish Museum London
- Keats' House
- Kenwood House
- King's Cross railway station
- Lincoln's Inn
- Parliament Hill Lido
- Phoenix Garden
- The eastern part of Regent's Park is in the borough
- The Place
- The Roundhouse
- Russell Square
- Shaftesbury Theatre
- Sir John Soane's Museum
- Upstairs at The Gatehouse
- World's End (Camden)
- London Zoo
- London Astoria
- Electric Ballroom
- Wellcome Collection
- Primrose Hill
- St. Pancras Library
- St Pancras railway station
Bildung
The Borough of Camden is home to a large number of primary, secondary and tertiary institutions. Over recent years, a number of significant institutions have moved into the borough or are planning to do so. The included Central Saint Martins, the Francis Crick Institute, as well as the planned move by Moorfields Eye Hospital, recently unveiled as Project Oriel.[37]
Primary schools
The London Borough of Camden is the local education authority for the borough, organised through the Children, Schools and Families directorate.
Major public and private bodies
Some of London's best universities and teaching institutions are located in the Borough of Camden. They include the main campus of University College London, part of the campus of the London School of Economics near Lincoln's Inn Fields, and Central Saint Martins.
- The Architectural Association
- Birkbeck, University of London
- The British Library
- British Medical Association
- The British Museum
- Cancer Research UK
- Central Saint Martins
- Fordham University (London Centre)
- Francis Crick Institute
- Friends House
- Great Ormond Street Hospital
- Goodenough College
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (part of University of London)
- New York University (NYU London)
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery
- National Union of Students
- Royal Academy of Dramatic Art
- Royal Central School of Speech and Drama
- Royal College of Anaesthetists
- Royal College of General Practitioners
- Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
- Royal College of Physicians
- Royal College of Surgeons
- Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons
- Royal Free Hospital
- Royal Veterinary College (Camden Campus)
- Senate House (University of London)
- School of Oriental and African Studies
- Slade School of Fine Art
- St Pancras Hospital
- Student Central
- Trades Union Congress (TUC)
- University College Hospital
- University College London
- The University of Law
- University of London Union
- Wellcome Trust
- Working Men's College
Public services
Police
Camden is policed by the Metropolitan Police Service. There are two police stations across the borough, situated at Holborn and Kentish Town. There are various other contact points around the borough including West Hampstead, Greenland Road, Highgate Road, Station House (Swiss Cottage), West End Lane, Hampstead Town Hall and Kingsway College. All locations have varying opening hours with Kentish Town Police Station open to the public on a 24-hour basis.
Hampstead Heath, situated within the London Borough of Camden and managed by the City of London Corporation, has its own Constabulary who deal with everyday incidents on the Heath, however, all serious criminal offences are passed to the Metropolitan Police to investigate.
With a large London Underground network and major railway stations such as King's Cross, St Pancras and Euston, Camden also has a much larger presence of British Transport Police (BTP) than many other London boroughs. BTP are responsible for policing Great Britain's railway network.
London Fire Brigade
The area has three fire stations: Euston, Kentish Town and West Hampstead and they are operated by London Fire Brigade in the borough of Camden. None of these fire stations are home to any specialist units; only pumping appliances and a rescue tender.[38][39]
Public libraries
Camden is the home of the British Library. In addition, Camden has numerous libraries which include:
- Swiss Cottage Library
- Holborn Library
- Camden Town Library
- Kentish Town Library
- Pancras Square Library
- West Hampstead Library
- Kilburn Library
- Highgate Library
- Queens Crescent Library
As well as a number of community libraries including Keats community library.
Transport
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/CamdenLock.jpg/220px-CamdenLock.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Eurostar_at_St_Pancras_Jan_2008.jpg/220px-Eurostar_at_St_Pancras_Jan_2008.jpg)
There are no motorways in the borough, and few stretches of dual carriageway road, but the borough has great strategic transport significance to London, due to presence of three of the capital's most important rail termini, which are lined up along the Euston Road.
The position of the railway termini on Euston Road, rather than in a more central position further south, is a result of the influential recommendations of the 1846 Royal Commission on Metropolitan Railway Termini that sought to protect the West End districts a short distance south of the road.[40]
Rail
National Rail
Three of the fourteen central London's railway terminals are located in the borough. Euston, St Pancras and Kings Cross are the London termini for the West Coast, Midland and East Coast Main Lines and also High Speed 1. This connects the borough with the East of England, East Midlands, West Midlands, North East & West England, North Wales, Scotland, South East England, France, Belgium and the Netherlands.
Since 14 November 2007 when St Pancras International became the new terminus of Eurostar, a major regeneration of the area has occurred with the King's Cross Central development happening behind the station.
London Overground's North London Line services run through the borough serving Camden Road, Kentish Town West, Gospel Oak, Hampstead Heath, Finchley Road & Frognal and West Hampstead. London Overground also operates the Watford DC Line services from Euston serving South Hampstead, trains continue to Watford in Hertfordshire.
Thameslink route services serve St Pancras, Kentish Town and West Hampstead Thameslink stations. Currently the Thameslink network is undergoing a major expansion project called the Thameslink Programme. This will link more places in Southern England to the borough and to the East of England. While some services on the Great Northern network, which currently terminate at King's Cross will be diverted onto the Thameslink network, all work is due to be complete by 2016.[41]
Underground
The London Borough of Camden is served by 18 London Underground stations and 8 of the 11 lines.
The three major rail termini are served by two underground stations, Euston and the combined King's Cross St Pancras station. Between them, the termini are served by the Circle, Hammersmith & City, Metropolitan, Northern, Piccadilly and Victoria lines. The Central and Jubilee lines serve other parts of the borough, as does the Elizabeth line.
As well as the two major termini stations, the borough's other stations are: Euston Square, Warren Street, Goodge Street, Tottenham Court Road, Holborn, Russell Square, Chancery Lane, Mornington Crescent, Camden Town, Chalk Farm, Belsize Park, Hampstead, West Hampstead, Finchley Road, Swiss Cottage and Kentish Town.
Future
The proposed High Speed 2 railway line to northern England is intended to terminate at Euston Station.[42] The proposed Crossrail 2 line, (originally referred to as the Chelsea–Hackney line) would serve Euston and Tottenham Court Road underground stations. The increase in passengers at Euston as a result of the proposed High Speed 2 services is a major driver of the proposals.[43]
The formerly proposed Cross River Tram was going to start in the borough of Camden but was scrapped by the former Mayor of London Boris Johnson in 2008.[44]
Buses
All bus services are operated by Transport for London. Buses serve every suburb in the borough.
Statistics
The 2011 census found that the main forms of transport that residents used to travel to work were: underground, metro, light rail, tram, 21.5% of all residents aged 16–74; on foot, 9.2%; bus, minibus or coach, 9.2%; driving a car or van, 6.3%; work mainly at or from home, 5.2%; train, 4.1%; bicycle, 4.1%.[45]
The census also found that 61% of households had no car, 32% had one car and 7% of households had 2 or more cars. There were an estimated 46,000 cars belonging to Camden residents."Camden Borough Profile" (PDF).
Speed limit
From 16 December 2013, Camden Council introduced a borough-wide speed limit of 20 miles per hour (32 km/h), except on Transport for London red routes.[46][47] This is to make roads safer for cyclists and pedestrians.
See also
References
- ^ "2021 Census". London Borough of Camden. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
- ^ "Camden – Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes | Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary at OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com". oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com.
- ^ "Camden Council: About the Council". camden.gov.uk. Retrieved 28 July 2010.
- ^ Metropolis Management Act 1855 (18 & 19 Vict. c. 120)
- ^ Youngs, Frederic (1979). Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England. Vol. I: Southern England. London: Royal Historical Society. ISBN 0-901050-67-9.
- ^ London Government Act 1899 (62 & 63 Vict. c. 14)
- ^ Vision of Britain – Camden LB Archived 27 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Wistrich, Enid (1972). Local government reorganisation – the first years of Camden;. London: London Borough of Camden. pp. 30–32. ISBN 0901389137.
- ^ Mills, A., Oxford Dictionary of London Place Names, (2001)
- ^ Walford, E. (1878). "Camden Town and Kentish Town". Old and New London. Vol. 5. pp. 309–324.
- ^ Orchard, Stephen (ed.). The diary of William Copeland Astbury (1783–1868). The originals of the Astbury Diary are held in the Cheshunt Collection at Westminster College, Cambridge
- ^ "The Journal of William Copeland Astbury". Astbury Diary. Retrieved 4 June 2023.
- ^ a b https://www.london.gov.uk/in-my-area/camden Camden
- ^ "Search Blue Plaques". Blue plaques search – Camden. English Heritage. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
- ^ Atkins, Peter J. "How the West End was won: the struggle to remove street barriers in Victorian London." Journal of Historical Geography 19.3 (1993): 265.
- ^ How the West End was won: the struggle to remove street barriers in Victorian London. Atkins, P J. Journal of Historical Geography; London Vol. 19, Iss. 3, (Jul 1, 1993): 265.
- ^ "Improvements in a part of the borough they refer to as 'West End'" (PDF). London Borough of Camden.
- ^ Joanna Partridge (28 July 2020). "Google commits to vast London office despite rise of remote working". The Guardian.
- ^ "The London Plan 2016" (PDF). The London Assembly.
- ^ "5 Pancras Square, Camden Council's new community building, is opened". Argent. 10 July 2014. Retrieved 23 April 2024.
- ^ Article reporting Keir Starmer's victory in the Labour party leadership contest. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-52164589
- ^ "London's Poverty Profile". Trust for London. Retrieved 9 January 2018.
- ^ Camden Council – Camden Key Facts 2001–2016[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Open Data Portal". London Borough of Camden.
- ^ see the DFES Children Act report (2000); The Health Divide by Voluntary Action Camden; Health Inequalities in Camden Maggie Barker, a public Health Report; "Seen But Not Heard" an Audit Commission report based on research carried out mainly in Camden; and The Moral State We're In by Dame Julia Neuberger, former chair of Camden Community Health Services NHS Trust, et al.
- ^ "Ethnic minorities in Britain". search.worldcat.org. p. 42. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
- ^ "Migration and London's growth" (PDF). LSE.
- ^ Ethnicity in the 1991 census: Vol 3 - Social geography and ethnicity in Britain, geographical spread, spatial concentration and internal migration. Internet Archive. London : HMSO. 1996. ISBN 978-0-11-691655-6.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Ethnicity in the 1991 census: Vol 3 - Social geography and ethnicity in Britain, geographical spread, spatial concentration and internal migration. Internet Archive. London : HMSO. 1996. ISBN 978-0-11-691655-6.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ "KS006 - Ethnic group". NOMIS. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
- ^ "Ethnic Group by measures". NOMIS. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
- ^ "Ethnic group - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
- ^ "KS007 - Religion - Nomis - 2001". www.nomisweb.co.uk. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
- ^ "KS209EW (Religion) - Nomis - 2011". www.nomisweb.co.uk. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
- ^ "Religion - 2021 census". Office of National Statistics. 29 November 2022. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
- ^ "Census products: Issues and corrections - Office for National Statistics".
- ^ "Latest updates". Oriel.
- ^ "Camden Borough Profile" (PDF). London Fire Brigade. 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 October 2008. Retrieved 9 July 2008. London Fire Brigade – Camden Profile
- ^ "London Fire Brigade – Camden Profile" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 October 2008.
- ^ "1846 Royal Commission".
- ^ Thameslink Programme: About the project Archived 5 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine Accessed 27 July 2010
- ^ "Overview of changes at Euston station". HS2.
- ^ "HS2 warns it will not 'work properly' without Crossrail 2". Financial Times. 25 September 2017.
- ^ "TfL scraps projects and cuts jobs". 6 November 2008 – via news.bbc.co.uk.
- ^ "2011 Census: QS701EW Method of travel to work, local authorities in England and Wales". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 23 November 2013. Percentages are of all residents aged 16–74 including those not in employment. Respondents could only pick one mode, specified as the journey’s longest part by distance.
- ^ "20mph speed limit in Camden – Camden Council". Camden Council. Archived from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
- ^ "Speed limits – Camden Council". Camden Council. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
External links
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