Jump to content

Mechanical toy: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Content deleted Content added
Semug47 (talk | contribs)
 
(10 intermediate revisions by 7 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Refimprove|date=October 2015}}
{{More citations needed|date=October 2015}}


[[File:WLA nyhistorical Mechanical toy carousel mid-19th C.jpg|thumb|Mechanical toy carousel made of wood and metal (mid-19th century)]]
[[File:WLA nyhistorical Mechanical toy carousel mid-19th C.jpg|thumb|Mechanical toy carousel made of wood and metal (mid-19th century)]]
'''Mechanical toys''' are [[toy]]s powered by [[mechanical energy]]. Depending on the mechanism used they can perform a range of motions, from simple to very complex.
'''Mechanical toys''' are [[toy]]s powered by [[mechanical energy]]. Depending on the mechanism used they can perform a range of motions, from simple to very complex.


==Types==
==Types==
Line 9: Line 9:
Mechanical toys use 4 types of different movements, [[Rotary motion|rotary]] (going around in a circle), [[Linear motion|linear]] (moving in a straight line then stopping), [[Reciprocating motion|reciprocating]] (moving backwards and forwards continuously in a straight line) and [[Oscillation|oscillating]] (moving backwards and forwards in a curve).
Mechanical toys use 4 types of different movements, [[Rotary motion|rotary]] (going around in a circle), [[Linear motion|linear]] (moving in a straight line then stopping), [[Reciprocating motion|reciprocating]] (moving backwards and forwards continuously in a straight line) and [[Oscillation|oscillating]] (moving backwards and forwards in a curve).


Mechanical toys use several types of mechanisms, because Cam toys are powered by a very large [[cam]] and even bigger [[cam follower]] which transfers the cam rotation to the working area of the toy. The cam is ''unevenly'' rotated by placing the rotator out of the ideal center. This transforms the circular motion into motion that moves up and powers the toy.
Mechanical toys use several types of mechanisms, because Cam toys are powered by a very large [[Cam (mechanism)|cam]] and even bigger [[cam follower]] which transfers the cam rotation to the working area of the toy. The cam is ''unevenly'' rotated by placing the rotator out of the ideal center. This transforms the circular motion into motion that moves up and powers the toy.


[[Crank (mechanism)|Crank]] toys are internally based on cams too but allow more complicated motions. Single rotation of the crank leads to single action in the working area of the toy, and moving the crank forward and backward can result in reversed motion.
[[Crank (mechanism)|Crank]] toys are internally based on cams too but allow more complicated motions. Single rotation of the crank leads to single action in the working area of the toy, and moving the crank forward and backward can result in reversed motion.
Line 22: Line 22:


[[Wind-up toy]]s typically are powered by a metal spring that is tightened by turning it. Then gear wheels and pulleys can transfer the power and control the toy motion.
[[Wind-up toy]]s typically are powered by a metal spring that is tightened by turning it. Then gear wheels and pulleys can transfer the power and control the toy motion.
Many online stores sell wodden toys like [https://semug.co/products/robotime-5-kinds-3d-steampunk-puzzle-diy-movement-assembled-wooden-model-toys-for-children-adult-brain-training-music-box-am680 semug sell wooden robot ] and many other sell wodden products.


==History==
==History==
One of the first mechanical toys is the flying pigeon by [[Archytas of Tarentum]] created 400 years BC.
One of the first mechanical toys is the flying pigeon by [[Archytas of Tarentum]] created 400-350 BC.
In 16th Century [[Leonardo da Vinci]] created his mechanical lion as a present for king Louis XII. The lion could walk and reveal a cluster of lilies from his chest.
In 16th Century [[Leonardo da Vinci]] created his mechanical lion as a present for [[Louis XII of France|Louis XII]]. The lion could walk and reveal a cluster of lilies from his chest.
In 1738 [[Jacques de Vaucanson]] created a mechanical robot duck that was able to drink and eat.
In 1738 [[Jacques de Vaucanson]] created a mechanical robot duck that was able to drink and eat.
Pierre Jaquet-Doz created ''The Writer, The Draftsman and The Musician'' - toys that are still present in the museum of Art and History in Switzerland.
[[Pierre Jaquet-Droz]] created ''The Writer, The Draftsman and The Musician'' - toys that are still present in the museum of Art and History in Switzerland.


==In education==
==In education==
Line 40: Line 39:
*[[List of Toy Mechanisms]]
*[[List of Toy Mechanisms]]


==References==
==Reference==
<references />
<references />



Latest revision as of 07:23, 22 June 2024

Mechanical toy carousel made of wood and metal (mid-19th century)

Mechanical toys are toys powered by mechanical energy. Depending on the mechanism used they can perform a range of motions, from simple to very complex.

Types

[edit]

The types of mechanical energy used to power mechanical toys include rubber bands, springs, and flywheels.

Mechanical toys use 4 types of different movements, rotary (going around in a circle), linear (moving in a straight line then stopping), reciprocating (moving backwards and forwards continuously in a straight line) and oscillating (moving backwards and forwards in a curve).

Mechanical toys use several types of mechanisms, because Cam toys are powered by a very large cam and even bigger cam follower which transfers the cam rotation to the working area of the toy. The cam is unevenly rotated by placing the rotator out of the ideal center. This transforms the circular motion into motion that moves up and powers the toy.

Crank toys are internally based on cams too but allow more complicated motions. Single rotation of the crank leads to single action in the working area of the toy, and moving the crank forward and backward can result in reversed motion.

Some toys have cameras in them which makes them very expensive.

Gear toys use gear wheels to transfer the power in the toy, to change the speed and direction of motion. They can be powered by hand (with a cram or cam and cam follower) or by wind-up mechanism. The different number of teeth in the gear wheels determine the speed transition from wheel to wheel. By chaining and distributing number of gear wheels this type of mechanical toys allows very complex motions.

Lever toys are mechanical toys that use the mechanical advantage of a lever to transmit and transform movement. Lever toys can use cranks and cams too.

Pulley toys. Pulleys are very similar to gear wheels but two elements are connected by a metal chain or belt from elastic strong material (for example rubber.) Pulleys allow transferring power on distance much easier and with less losses that using number of gear wheels. Using pulleys in mechanical toys also allows to change the angle, the speed and the direction of the motion.

Wind-up toys typically are powered by a metal spring that is tightened by turning it. Then gear wheels and pulleys can transfer the power and control the toy motion.

History

[edit]

One of the first mechanical toys is the flying pigeon by Archytas of Tarentum created 400-350 BC. In 16th Century Leonardo da Vinci created his mechanical lion as a present for Louis XII. The lion could walk and reveal a cluster of lilies from his chest. In 1738 Jacques de Vaucanson created a mechanical robot duck that was able to drink and eat. Pierre Jaquet-Droz created The Writer, The Draftsman and The Musician - toys that are still present in the museum of Art and History in Switzerland.

In education

[edit]

The potential educational value of mechanical toys in teaching transversal skills has been recognised by the European Union education project Clockwork objects, enhanced learning: Automata Toys Construction (CLOHE).[1] Also they play a valid part in teaching young children motor skills and are used in some schools to do this

Mechanical toys were the subject of the Academy Award-winning 1972 short Dutch documentary, This Tiny World.

See also

[edit]

Reference

[edit]