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{{update|date=July 2018}}
{{update|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox military unit
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= Eastern Theater Command Navy
| unit_name = Eastern Theater Command Navy
|image=Naval Ensign of the People's Republic of China.svg{{!}}border
| image = Naval Ensign of the People's Republic of China.svg
|caption=The People's Liberation Army Navy's jack and ensign
| caption = The People's Liberation Army Navy's jack and ensign
| dates = 1955–present
|dates= 1949–present
| country = [[China]]
|country={{Flag|China|name=People's Republic of China}}
|allegiance = {{CPC flag}}
| allegiance = [[Chinese Communist Party]]
| branch = [[People's Liberation Army Navy]]
|branch= {{Navy|China|size=23px}}
|type= Naval fleet
| type = Naval fleet
| size =
|size=
|command_structure=
| command_structure = [[Eastern Theater Command]]
|garrison=[[Ningbo]], China
| garrison = [[Ningbo]], China
|garrison_label=
| garrison_label =
|equipment=
| equipment =
|equipment_label=
| equipment_label =
|nickname=
| nickname =
|motto=
| motto =
|march=
| march =
|mascot=
| mascot =
|battles=
| battles =
|anniversaries=
| anniversaries =
|decorations=
| decorations =
|battle_honors=
| battle_honors =
|current_commander= Vice Admiral [[Wei Gang (PLA Navy)|Wei Gang]]
| current_commander = [[Wei Gang (PLA Navy)|Wei Gang]]
|current_commander_label=
| current_commander_label =
|notable_commanders=
| notable_commanders =
|identification_symbol=
| identification_symbol =
|identification_symbol_label=
| identification_symbol_label =
|identification_symbol_2=
| identification_symbol_2 =
|identification_symbol_2_label=
| identification_symbol_2_label =
}}
}}


The '''Eastern Theater Command Navy''' ('''ETCN'''), or the '''East Sea Fleet''' ('''ESF''') before February 2018, is a formation of [[China]]'s [[People's Liberation Army Navy]] (PLAN) and the naval component of the [[Eastern Theater Command]].{{sfn|Saunders et al.|2019|pp=240-241}}
The '''Eastern Theater Command Navy''' ({{zh|s=东部战区海军}}),<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.sohu.com/20160307/n439578698.shtml|title=媒体：成立东部战区海军 是不是东海舰队就没了|date=7 March 2016|work=Guancha Syndicate|access-date=25 December 2017|archive-date=26 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226021044/http://news.sohu.com/20160307/n439578698.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> or '''East Sea Fleet''' (ESF; {{zh|s=东海舰队}}), is one of the three fleets of the [[People's Liberation Army Navy]], operating in the [[East China Sea]] under the [[Eastern Theater Command]]. It was the first naval force formed by the People's Liberation Army, on 23 April 1949 and was initially based at [[Shanghai]]. Renamed in 1955, it has since been assigned to be part of the [[People's Liberation Army Navy]] and its headquarters have been moved to [[Ningbo]], [[Zhejiang Province]], but the fleet continues to patrol the [[East China Sea]]. Its flagship is the [[Type 052C destroyer]] ''Changchun''.


==History==
The fleet was used in a support role during the [[People's Liberation Army]]'s (PLA) invasion of the [[Kuomintang]]-held island of [[Yijiangshan Islands|Yijiangshan]] on 14 January 1955. It has engaged in numerous other battles against the [[Republic of China Armed Forces]]. It has also operated in support of the [[South Sea Fleet]] against the [[People's Army of Vietnam]] during the 1980s.
The PLAN was formed toward the end of the [[Chinese Civil War]]. In March 1949, [[Zhang Aiping]] of the [[Third Field Army]] was ordered by the [[Central Military Commission (China)|Central Military Commission]] (CMC) of the [[Chinese Communist Party]] to create a naval force from the field army. Zhang's only previous naval experience was organizing an irregular riverine force near [[Hongze Lake]] in 1941 and leading it in a successful campaign against local bandits.{{sfn|Yoshihara|2022|pp=25-26}} The PLAN was created on 21 April when Zhang established the East China Military Region Navy, or East China Navy (ECN), with a thirteen-member headquarters,{{sfn|Yoshihara|2022|p=27}} and he was formally appointed by the CMC as the ECN's commander and commissar on 4 May.{{sfn|Yoshihara|2022|p=28}} The ECN was reinforced by personnel from the Third Field Army,{{sfn|Yoshihara|2022|p=27}} which would also dominate its and the later ESF's leadership,{{sfn|Yoshihara|2022|p=131}} but its early operational capabilities were based on personnel and [[materiel]] captured or recruited from the retreating [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]] (ROC). The latter included Lin Zun, who defected with the [[Republic of China Navy|ROC Navy]]'s Second Squadron and became the ECN's, and later the ESF's, deputy commander. The ECN's First Flotilla was formed in early May at [[Zhenjiang]]. The headquarters moved to [[Shanghai]] on 27 May. By late-June, the ECN was responsible for operational and naval industrial activities along the [[East China Sea]] coastline, and the [[Yangtze]] up to [[Jiujiang]].{{sfn|Yoshihara|2022|pp=28-30}}


Yuan Yelie became ECN commander in February 1951.{{sfn|Yoshihara|2022|p=131}} The ECN became the ESF in 1955.{{sfn|Yoshihara|2022|p=55}}{{sfn|Yoshihara|2022|p=131}}
==Major naval bases of the fleet==
* [[Ningbo]] Fleet Headquarters
* [[Shanghai]] Naval Base
* [[Xiangshan County, Zhejiang|Xiangshan]] Naval Base
* [[Zhoushan]] Naval Base
* [[Fujian]] Naval Base


==Components==
==Ships in the fleet==
ETCN headquarters is at [[Ningbo]], with additional bases in [[Fujian]] and [[Zhoushan]]. It controls coastal defenses from [[Lianyungang]] to [[Dongshan County]].{{sfn|The International Institute for Strategic Studies|2024|p=261}}
[[Image:fleets in Dong Hai.jpg|thumb|250px|Chinese ''Sovremenny-class'' destroyers in the East China Sea, 2007]]{{Incomplete list|date=September 2022}}
;[[Amphibious assault ship]]
* 2 [[Type 075 landing helicopter dock]] (''Yushen''-class)
** ''[[Chinese ship Guangxi|Guangxi]]'' (32, {{lang|zh|广西}})
** Anhui (33, 安徽)


In 2017, subunits included:
;[[Destroyer]]s
* 8 [[Type 052D destroyer|Type 052D]] (''Luyang III''-class)
** ''[[Chinese destroyer Xiamen|Xiamen]]'' (154)
** ''[[Chinese destroyer Nanjing|Nanjing]]'' (155)
** ''[[Chinese destroyer Zibo|Zibo]]'' (156)
** Lishui(157)
** ''[[Chinese destroyer Taiyuan|Taiyuan]]'' (131)
** ''[[Chinese destroyer Suzhou|Suzhou]]'' (132)
** ''[[Chinese destroyer Suzhou|Baotou]]'' (133)
** Shaoxing(134)
* 4 [[Type 052C destroyer|Type 052C]] (''Luyang II''-class)
** ''[[Chinese destroyer Changchun (150)|Changchun]]'' (150, {{lang|zh|长春}})- flagship of the Fleet
** ''[[Chinese destroyer Zhengzhou (151)|Zhengzhou]]'' (151, {{lang|zh|郑州}})
** ''[[Chinese destroyer Jinan (152)|Jinan]]'' (152, {{lang|zh|济南}})
** ''[[Chinese destroyer Xi'an (153)|Xi'an]]'' (153, {{lang|zh|西安}})
* 4 [[Sovremenny class destroyer#PLAN variants|''Sovremenny''-class]] (现代, Project 956EM)
** ''956E Type''
*** ''[[Chinese destroyer Hangzhou (136)|Hangzhou]]'' (136, {{lang|zh|杭州}})
*** ''[[Chinese destroyer Fuzhou (137)|Fuzhou]]'' (137, {{lang|zh|福州}})
** ''956EM Type''
*** ''[[Chinese destroyer Taizhou (138)|Taizhou]]'' (138, {{lang|zh|泰州}})
*** ''[[Chinese destroyer Ningbo (139)|Ningbo]]'' (139, {{lang|zh|宁波}})


* 3rd Destroyer ''Zhidui''{{refn|group=note|''Zhidui'' is a division leader grade organization variously translated as "flotilla", "naval ship brigade", or "detachment".{{sfn|Pollpeter|Allen|2012|p=52}}}}<ref name="wood_2017-03-14">{{cite web |last1=Wood |first1=Peter |title=Snapshot: China’s Eastern Theater Command |url=https://jamestown.org/program/snapshot-chinas-eastern-theater-command/ |website=Jamestown Foundation |date=14 March 2017 |access-date=10 May 2024}}</ref>
;[[Frigate]]s
* 6th Destroyer ''Zhidui''<ref name="wood_2017-03-14" />
* 12 [[Type 054A frigate|Type 054A]] (''Jiangkai II''-class):
* 8th Frigate ''Dadui''{{refn|group=note|''Dadui'' is a regiment leader grade organization in the PLAN sometimes translated as "squadron".{{sfn|Pollpeter|Allen|2012|p=52}}}}<ref name="wood_2017-03-14" />
** ''[[Chinese frigate Binzhou (515)|Binzhou]]'' (515, {{lang|zh|滨州}})
* 21st Fastboat ''Zhidui''<ref name="wood_2017-03-14" />
** Ziyang (522，资阳）
* 22nd Submarine ''Zhidui''<ref name="wood_2017-03-14" />
** ''[[Chinese frigate Zhoushan (529)|Zhoushan]]'' (529, {{lang|zh|舟山}})
* 42nd Submarine ''Zhidui''<ref name="wood_2017-03-14" />
** ''[[Chinese frigate Xuzhou (530)|Xuzhou]]'' (530, {{lang|zh|徐州}})
* 2nd Combat Support Ship ''Zhidui''<ref name="wood_2017-03-14" />
** ''[[Chinese frigate Xiangtan (531)|Xiangtan]]'' (531, {{lang|zh|湘潭}})
* 4th Air Division<ref name="wood_2017-03-14" />
** ''[[Chinese frigate Jingzhou (532)|Jingzhou]]'' (532, {{lang|zh|荆州}})
* 6th Air Division<ref name="wood_2017-03-14" />
** ''[[Chinese frigate Nantong (601)|Nantong]]'' (533, {{lang|zh|南通}})
* 1st Flying Panther Regiment<ref name="wood_2017-03-14" />
** ''[[Chinese frigate Yiyang (548)|Yiyang]]'' (548, {{lang|zh|益阳}})
** ''[[Chinese frigate Changzhou (549)|Changzhou]]'' (549, {{lang|zh|常州}})
** ''[[Chinese frigate Huanggang (577)|Huanggang]]'' (577, {{lang|zh|黄冈}})
** ''[[Chinese frigate Yangzhou (578)|Yangzhou]]'' (578, {{lang|zh|扬州}})
**''[[Chinese frigate Anyang (599)|Anyang]]'' (599, {{lang|zh|安阳}})
* 2 [[Type 054 frigate|Type 054]] (''Jiangkai I''-class):
** ''[[Chinese frigate Ma'anshan (525)|Ma'anshan]]'' (525, {{lang|zh|马鞍山}})
** ''[[Chinese frigate Wenzhou (526)|Wenzhou]]'' (526, {{lang|zh|温州}})
* 4 [[Type 053H3 frigate|Type 053H3]] ''Jiangwei II''-class:
** ''Jiaxing'' (521, {{lang|zh|嘉兴}})
** ''Lianyungang'' (522, {{lang|zh|连云港}})
** ''Putian'' (523, {{lang|zh|莆田}})
** ''[[Chinese frigate Sanming (524)|Sanming]]'' (524, {{lang|zh|三明}})
* 2 [[Type 053 frigate#Versions|Type 053H1G]] (''Jianghu V''-class ):
** ''Beihai'' (558, {{lang|zh|北海}})
** ''Foshan'' (559, {{lang|zh|佛山}})


{{Portal|China}}
;[[Corvette]]s
* 10 [[Type 056 corvette|Type 056]] (''Jiangdao''-class):
** ''Bengbu'' (582, {{lang|zh|蚌埠}})
** ''Shangrao'' (583, {{lang|zh|上饶}})
** ''Ji'an'' (586, {{lang|zh|吉安}})
** ''Quanzhou'' (588, {{lang|zh|泉州}})
** ''Sanmenxia'' (593, {{lang|zh|三门峡}})
** ''Suzhou'' (503, {{lang|zh|宿州}})
** ''Baoding'' (511, {{lang|zh|保定}})
** ''Heze'' (512, {{lang|zh|菏泽}})
** ''Ningde'' (510, {{lang|zh|宁德}})
** ''Ezhou'' (513, {{lang|zh|鄂州}})


==Notes==
;Diesel-electric submarines
{{reflist|group=note}}
* 8 [[Kilo class submarine|''Kilo''-class]]:
** ''364''
** ''365''
** ''366''
** ''367''
** 368
** 369
** 374
** 375
* 10 Type 039A/B/C
** 330
** 331
** 332
** 333
** 334
** 335
** 336
** 337
** 338
** 339

;[[Amphibious warfare ship|Landing ship]]s
* 3 [[Type 071 amphibious transport dock]] ('' Yuzhao''-Class):
** ''[[Chinese landing ship Yimeng Shan|Yimeng Shan]]'' (988)
** ''Longhu Shan'' (980)
** Siming Shan (986)
* 7 [[Type 072A landing ship]] (''Yuting III''-class):
** ''Baxian Shan'' (913)
** Wuyi Shan (914)
** Culai Shan (915)
** Tianmu Shan (916)
** Wutai Shan (917)
** Dabie Shan (981)
** TaihangShan (982)
* 4 [[Type 072II landing ship|Type 072II LST]] (''Yuting''-class):
** ''Lingyan Shan'' (930)
** Dongting Shan(931
** Helan Shan (932)
** Liupan Shan (933)
*5 [[Type 072III landing ship|Type 072III LST]] (Yuting-I class
**Yandang Shan (908)
**Jiuhua Shan (909)
**Putuo Shan (939)
**Huanggang Shan (910)
**Tiantai Shan (940)
*4 Type 073A LSM (Yudao class)
**Cheng Shan (941)
**Lu Shan (942)
**Meng Shan (943)
**Yu Shan (944)

;[[Replenishment oiler|Replenishment ship]]s
* 3 [[Type 903 replenishment ship|Type 903/A]] (''Fuchi''-class)
** ''[[Chinese ship Qiandaohu|Qiandaohu]]'' (886)
** ''[[Chinese ship Chaohu|Chaohu]]'' (890)
** ''[[Chinese ship Gaoyouhu|Gaoyaohu]]'' (904 old 966)

;[[Rescue and salvage ship]]
* 1 Type 920 Hospital Ship
** Daishan dao (866, 岱山岛）
* 1 [[Type 925 submarine support ship]] (''Dajiang''-class)
** ''[[Chinese ship Chongmingdao|Chongmingdao]]'' (862, {{lang|zh|崇明岛}})


+ various support and accessorY ships

== See also ==
{{Portal|China}}
* [[People's Liberation Army Navy]]
** [[North Sea Fleet]]
** [[South Sea Fleet]]


== References ==
== References ==
=== Citations ===
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


== External links ==
=== Sources ===
{{refbegin}}
* [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/china/east-sea.htm GlobalSecurity.org]
* {{Cite book |author=The International Institute for Strategic Studies |title=The Military Balance 2024 |date=13 February 2024 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=978-1-032-78004-7 }}
* {{cite report |editor1-last=Pollpeter |editor1-first=Kevin |editor2-last=Allen |editor2-first=Kenneth W. |date=14 June 2012 |title=The PLA as Organization v2.0 |url=https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/AD1082742 |publisher=China Aerospace Studies Institute }}
* {{cite book |editor1-last=Saunders |editor1-first=Phillip C. |editor2-last=Ding |editor2-first=Arthur S. |editor3-last=Scobell |editor3-first=Andrew |editor4-last=Yang |editor4-first=Andrew N.D. |editor5-last=Joel |editor5-first=Wuthnow |title=Chairman Xi Remakes the PLA: Assessing Chinese Military Reforms |url=https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Publications/Books/Chairman-Xi-Remakes-the-PLA/ |date=2019 |publisher=National Defense University Press |location=Washington, D.C. |isbn=978-1070233420 |ref={{harvid|Saunders et al.|2019}}}}
* {{cite book |last1=Yoshihara |first1=Toshi |title=Mao's Army Goes To Sea: The Island Campaigns and the Founding of China's Navy |date=2022 |publisher=Georgetown University Press |location=Washington, D.C. |isbn=9781647122829}}
{{refend}}


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[[Category:Eastern Theater Command]]
[[Category:Eastern Theater Command]]
[[Category:Nanjing Military Region]]
[[Category:Nanjing Military Region]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1949]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1955]]
[[Category:1949 establishments in China]]
[[Category:1955 establishments in China]]

Latest revision as of 13:31, 23 June 2024

Eastern Theater Command Navy
The People's Liberation Army Navy's jack and ensign
Active1955–present
LandChina
AllegianceChinese Communist Party
BranchPeople's Liberation Army Navy
TypNaval fleet
Part ofEastern Theater Command
Garrison/HQNingbo, China
Commanders
Current
commander		Wei Gang

The Eastern Theater Command Navy (ETCN), or the East Sea Fleet (ESF) before February 2018, is a formation of China's People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) and the naval component of the Eastern Theater Command.[1]

History

[edit]

The PLAN was formed toward the end of the Chinese Civil War. In March 1949, Zhang Aiping of the Third Field Army was ordered by the Central Military Commission (CMC) of the Chinese Communist Party to create a naval force from the field army. Zhang's only previous naval experience was organizing an irregular riverine force near Hongze Lake in 1941 and leading it in a successful campaign against local bandits.[2] The PLAN was created on 21 April when Zhang established the East China Military Region Navy, or East China Navy (ECN), with a thirteen-member headquarters,[3] and he was formally appointed by the CMC as the ECN's commander and commissar on 4 May.[4] The ECN was reinforced by personnel from the Third Field Army,[3] which would also dominate its and the later ESF's leadership,[5] but its early operational capabilities were based on personnel and materiel captured or recruited from the retreating Republic of China (ROC). The latter included Lin Zun, who defected with the ROC Navy's Second Squadron and became the ECN's, and later the ESF's, deputy commander. The ECN's First Flotilla was formed in early May at Zhenjiang. The headquarters moved to Shanghai on 27 May. By late-June, the ECN was responsible for operational and naval industrial activities along the East China Sea coastline, and the Yangtze up to Jiujiang.[6]

Yuan Yelie became ECN commander in February 1951.[5] The ECN became the ESF in 1955.[7][5]

Components

[edit]

ETCN headquarters is at Ningbo, with additional bases in Fujian and Zhoushan. It controls coastal defenses from Lianyungang to Dongshan County.[8]

In 2017, subunits included:

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Zhidui is a division leader grade organization variously translated as "flotilla", "naval ship brigade", or "detachment".[9]
  2. ^ Dadui is a regiment leader grade organization in the PLAN sometimes translated as "squadron".[9]

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ Saunders et al. 2019, pp. 240–241.
  2. ^ Yoshihara 2022, pp. 25–26.
  3. ^ a b Yoshihara 2022, p. 27.
  4. ^ Yoshihara 2022, p. 28.
  5. ^ a b c Yoshihara 2022, p. 131.
  6. ^ Yoshihara 2022, pp. 28–30.
  7. ^ Yoshihara 2022, p. 55.
  8. ^ The International Institute for Strategic Studies 2024, p. 261.
  9. ^ a b Pollpeter & Allen 2012, p. 52.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Wood, Peter (14 March 2017). "Snapshot: China's Eastern Theater Command". Jamestown Foundation. Retrieved 10 May 2024.

Sources

[edit]
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