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{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{Taxobox
{{Speciesbox
| name = Bokikokiko
| name = Bokikokiko
| status = EN
| status = EN
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref>{{IUCN|id=22714802 |title=''Acrocephalus aequinoctialis'' |assessor=BirdLife International |assessor-link=BirdLife International |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}}</ref>
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 13 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2019 |title=''Acrocephalus aequinoctialis'' |volume=2019 |page=e.T22714802A149571193 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T22714802A149571193.en |access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref>
| image = AcrocephalusPistorKeulemans.jpg
| image = AcrocephalusPistorKeulemans.jpg
| image_caption = Illustration by J. G. Keulemans (1883)
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
⚫
| genus = Acrocephalus (bird)
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
⚫
| species = aequinoctialis
| classis = [[Bird|Aves]]
⚫
| authority = ([[John Latham (ornithologist)|Latham]], 1790)
| ordo = [[Passeriformes]]
⚫
| range_map = Acrocephalus aequinoctialis map.svg
| familia = [[Acrocephalidae]]
| range_map_caption = Approximate distribution
⚫
| genus = ''[[Acrocephalus (bird)|Acrocephalus]]''
{{legend|#F07568|Range}}{{legend|#ffff33|Extinct}}
⚫
| species = '''''A. aequinoctialis'''''
Depicted: Teraina (top), Tabuaeran (middle), and Kiritimati (bottom), Northern Line Islands, Kiribati, Oceania
⚫
| binomial = ''Acrocephalus aequinoctialis''
⚫
| binomial_authority = [[John Latham (ornithologist)|Latham]], 1790
| synonyms =
| synonyms =
* ''Acrocephalus pistor''
* ''Acrocephalus pistor''
}}
}}
The '''bokikokiko''', '''Kiritimati reed warbler''' or '''Christmas Island warbler''' (''Acrocephalus aequinoctialis'') is a species of [[warbler]] in the family [[Acrocephalidae]]. It is found only on [[Kiritimati]] ([[Kiribati]]). The bokikokiko's diet has been composed largely of the weed ''[[Tribulus terrestris]]'' since the plant's introduction by European settlers in the late 18th century.<ref name="tudge 1995">{{cite book |last=Tudge |first=Colin |authorlink=Colin Tudge |year=2010 |title=The Bird: A Natural History of Who Birds Are, Where They Came From, and How They Live}}</ref> The intricate feather pattern on its head has notably been considered an [[aphrodisiac]] by the indigenous population; in ancient times, the feathers were correlated with penile growth, a belief that likely has some factual basis considering the testosterone-enhancing properties of ''Tribulus terrestris''.<ref name="tudge 1995" /> Due to this, the bokikokiko has been hunted to endangered levels, despite its long-lasting cultural significance within the region, and remains as one of the most symbolically and medicinally important birds in Kiribati.<ref name="tudge 1995" />


The '''bokikokiko''', '''Kiritimati reed warbler''' or '''Christmas Island warbler''' ('''''Acrocephalus aequinoctialis''''') is a species of [[warbler]] in the family [[Acrocephalidae]]. It is found only on [[Kiritimati]] and [[Teraina|Washington Island]] ([[Kiribati]]).
⚫
<gallery>

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File:Christmas Warbler.png||Photograph
The population size of the bokikokiko is estimated to be around 2500, with a decreasing population trend. The species is under threat from introduced species such as the [[pig]] and [[rat]] but especially the [[feral cat]] and [[climate change]] in relation to [[sea level rise|rising sea levels]]. This species, along with the [[Henderson petrel]], is currently listed as [[endangered]] on the [[IUCN Red List]].<ref name="Endangered Birds">{{cite web|title=List of Endangered Species in Kiribati|url=https://rainforests.mongabay.com/biodiversity/en/kiribati/EN.html|website=Mongabay|access-date=May 26, 2023}}</ref>
⚫
</gallery>


==Subspecies==
==Subspecies==
The species may be divided into the following subspecies:
The species may be divided into the following subspecies:


* ''Acrocephalus aequinoctialis aequinoctialis'' <small>Latham, 1790</small>
*''Acrocephalus aequinoctialis aequinoctialis'' <small>Latham, 1790.</small> (Distributed across northern pacific Line Islands.)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Acrocephalus aequinoctialis (Bokikokiko) - Avibase |url=https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=55572D3B67402B40 |access-date=2024-05-28 |website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org}}</ref>
* ''Acrocephalus aequinoctialis pistor''
* ''Acrocephalus aequinoctialis pistor.'' (Distributed across Teraina and Tabuaeran.)<ref name=":0" />

== Human Interactions ==
This bird has a lot of medicinal and symbolic significance. Its [[feathers]] are considered to have [[testosterone]] enhancing properties since ancient times, which is why these birds were [[hunting|hunted]] so widely. <ref name="Hunting">{{cite web|title=Endemic Species In Kiribati|url=https://www.visit-kiribati.com/exploring-kiribati/endemic-species-kiribati/|website=Visit Kiribati|date=24 September 2017 |access-date=May 27, 2023}}</ref>

==Gallery==
⚫
<gallery>
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File:Christmas Warbler.png|Bokikokiko
⚫
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
⚫
{{Wikispecies|Acrocephalus aequinoctialis}}
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{{Commons category}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


<ref>{{cite web | url=http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/22714802 | title=Kiritimati Reed-warbler (Acrocephalus aequinoctialis) - BirdLife species factsheet }}</ref>
==External links==
==External links==
⚫
* {{Wikispecies-inline|Acrocephalus aequinoctialis}}
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* {{Commons category-inline}}
* http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/speciesfactsheet.php?id=7615
* http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/speciesfactsheet.php?id=7615
* http://ibc.lynxeds.com/species/kiritimati-reed-warbler-acrocephalus-aequinoctialis
* http://ibc.lynxeds.com/species/kiritimati-reed-warbler-acrocephalus-aequinoctialis
* http://thewebsiteofeverything.com/animals/birds/Passeriformes/Sylviidae/Acrocephalus-aequinoctialis
* http://thewebsiteofeverything.com/animals/birds/Passeriformes/Sylviidae/Acrocephalus-aequinoctialis


{{Taxonbar|from=Q1585161}}
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[[Category:Birds of Polynesia]]

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[[Category:Acrocephalus (bird)]]
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[[Category:Birds of Micronesia]]
[[Category:Endemic fauna of Kiribati]]
[[Category:Endemic fauna of Kiribati]]
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[[Category:Acrocephalus]]
[[Category:Birds described in 1790]]
[[Category:Birds described in 1790]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]




Latest revision as of 03:31, 24 June 2024

Bokikokiko
Illustration by J. G. Keulemans (1883)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Acrocephalidae
Genus: Acrocephalus
Species:
A. aequinoctialis
Binomial name
Acrocephalus aequinoctialis
(Latham, 1790)
Approximate distribution
  Range
  Extinct

Depicted: Teraina (top), Tabuaeran (middle), and Kiritimati (bottom), Northern Line Islands, Kiribati, Oceania

Synonyms
  • Acrocephalus pistor

The bokikokiko, Kiritimati reed warbler or Christmas Island warbler (Acrocephalus aequinoctialis) is a species of warbler in the family Acrocephalidae. It is found only on Kiritimati and Washington Island (Kiribati).

The population size of the bokikokiko is estimated to be around 2500, with a decreasing population trend. The species is under threat from introduced species such as the pig and rat but especially the feral cat and climate change in relation to rising sea levels. This species, along with the Henderson petrel, is currently listed as endangered on the IUCN Red List.[2]

Subspecies

[edit]

The species may be divided into the following subspecies:

  • Acrocephalus aequinoctialis aequinoctialis Latham, 1790. (Distributed across northern pacific Line Islands.)[3]
  • Acrocephalus aequinoctialis pistor. (Distributed across Teraina and Tabuaeran.)[3]

Human Interactions

[edit]

This bird has a lot of medicinal and symbolic significance. Its feathers are considered to have testosterone enhancing properties since ancient times, which is why these birds were hunted so widely. [4]

[edit]
  • Bokikokiko
    Bokikokiko

References

[edit]
  1. ^ BirdLife International (2019). "Acrocephalus aequinoctialis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T22714802A149571193. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T22714802A149571193.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
  2. ^ "List of Endangered Species in Kiribati". Mongabay. Retrieved May 26, 2023.
  3. ^ a b "Acrocephalus aequinoctialis (Bokikokiko) - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2024-05-28.
  4. ^ "Endemic Species In Kiribati". Visit Kiribati. 24 September 2017. Retrieved May 27, 2023.

[1]

[edit]


Stub icon

This Acrocephalidae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

  1. ^ "Kiritimati Reed-warbler (Acrocephalus aequinoctialis) - BirdLife species factsheet".
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