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{{Multiple issues|
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Rabbi '''Shmuel Yitzchak Hillman''' (July 2, 1868–June 1, 1953) was a renowned [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox Jewish]] [[Talmud]]ic scholar, [[Posek]] and rabbi and served as a [[Beth din#Officers of a Beth/Beis Din|Dayan]] of the [[London Beth Din]].
{{Prose|date=September 2022}}
{{More footnotes needed|date=November 2021}}

}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}

{{Infobox religious biography
| honorific_prefix = Rabbi
| name = Shmuel Yitzchak Hillman
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Shmuel_Yitzchak_Hillman.jpg
| image_size = 200px
| alt =
| caption = Rabbi Shmuel Yitzchak Hillman
| birth_date = {{birth date|1868|07|02}}
| birth_place = [[Kovno]], [[Lithuania]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1953|06|01|1868|07|02}}
| death_place = [[Jerusalem]], [[Israel]]
| nationality = Lithuanian-British
| alma_mater = [[Volozhin Yeshiva]]
| occupation = Rabbi, Talmudic scholar
| denomination = Orthodox Judaism
| notable_works = ''Or Hayashar''
| title =
| office1 = Dayan of the [[London Beth Din]]
| term_start1 = 1914
| term_end1 = 1934
| office2 = Rabbi and head of the Beth Din of [[Berazino]]
| term_start2 = 1897
| term_end2 = 1908
| office3 = Rabbi in [[Glasgow]]
| term_start3 = 1908
| term_end3 = 1914
}}

⚫
Rabbi '''Shmuel Yitzchak Hillman''' (2 July 1868 – 1 June 1953) was a renowned [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox Jewish]] [[Talmud]]ic scholar, [[posek]] and rabbi and served as a [[Beth din#Officers of a Beth/Beis Din|dayan]] of the [[London Beth Din]].


==Life and work==
==Life and work==
Rabbi Hillman was born in [[Kovno]], [[Lithuania]], the son of Paya Rivka and Avraham Chaim Hillman. In his youth, he studied [[Torah]] under his uncles, Rabbi Mordechai Hillman, [[Av Beth Din]] of [[Pašvitinys|Pasvatin]], and Rabbi Noach Yaakov Hillman of [[Pasvalys|Pasval]]. After his marriage, he studied intensively by himself in the house of his father-in-law, Rabbi Yitzchak Hirsch in the town of Franks in [[Courland|Kurland]].
Shmuel Yitzchak (English: Samuel Isaac) Hillman was born in [[Kovno]], [[Lithuania]], the son of Paya Rivka and Avraham Chaim Hillman.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hillman Family|url=http://eilatgordinlevitan.com/kurenets/k_pages/hillman.html|access-date=2021-12-07|website=eilatgordinlevitan.com}}</ref> In his youth, he studied [[Torah]] under his uncles, Rabbi Mordechai Hillman, [[Av Beth Din|av beth din]] of [[Pašvitinys|Pasvatin]], and Rabbi Noach Yaakov Hillman of [[Pasvalys|Pasval]]. After his marriage, he studied intensively by himself in the house of his father-in-law, Rabbi Yitzchak Hirsch in the town of Franks in [[Courland|Kurland]].


Rabbi Hillman received [[Semicha]] from the famous Rabbis [[Eliyahu David Rabinowitz-Teomim|Eliyahu Dovid Teumim]] (who was the head of the Beth Din in [[Panevėžys|Ponevezh]] and afterwards in [[Jerusalem]]), [[Refael Shapiro]] of [[Volozhin]], [[Meir Simcha of Dvinsk|Meir Simcha HaKohen]] of [[Dvinsk]] and the [[Ridvaz]] of [[Slutsk]].
Rabbi Hillman received [[semicha]] from the famous Rabbis [[Eliyahu David Rabinowitz-Teomim|Eliyahu Dovid Teumim]] (who was the chief rabbi in [[Panevėžys|Ponevezh]] and afterwards served in [[Jerusalem]]), [[Refael Shapiro]] of [[Volozhin]], [[Meir Simcha of Dvinsk|Meir Simcha HaKohen]] of [[Dvinsk]] and the [[Ridvaz]] of [[Slutsk]].


Rabbi Hillman's son [[David Hillman (artist)|David Hillman]] was born in Lithuania in 1893. David Hillman had three sons [[Ellis Hillman]], [[Harold Hillman]] and [[Mayer Hillman]]. Rabbi Hillman also had a daughter Sarah who married [[Yitzhak_HaLevi_Herzog|Isaac Herzog]] (the first Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of the State of Israel); their son Chaim Herzog was President of Israel from 1983 to 1993, and their son Yaacov Herzog was Ben Gurion’s and Golda Meir’s Chef de Cabinet.
⚫
In 1897, when Rabbi Hillman was 29 years old, he became Rabbi and head of the Beth Din of [[Berazino]] in the [[Minsk Voblast|Minsk Region]] of then-Russia, an old and distinguished community that had been graced with many great rabbis in the past. In 1908, he was appointed Rabbi in [[Glasgow]], serving and founding the [[Beth Din]] there until 1914, when he was appointed a Dayan of the [[London]] Beth Din.


⚫
In 1897, when Rabbi Hillman was 29 years old, he became rabbi and head of the Beth Din of [[Berazino]] in the [[Minsk Voblast|Minsk Region]] of then-Russia, an old and distinguished community that had been graced with many great rabbis in the past. In 1908, he was appointed rabbi in [[Glasgow]], serving and founding the [[Beth Din]] there until 1914, when he was appointed a dayan of the [[London]] Beth Din.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hillman, Samuel Isaac {{!}} Encyclopedia.com|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/hillman-samuel-isaac|access-date=2021-12-07|website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref>
⚫
After retiring from the London Beth Din in 1934, Dayan Hillman settled in Jerusalem, devoting himself to study and writing. He co-founded the Jerusalem yeshiva ''Ohel Torah'' together with his son-in-law [[Chief Rabbi of Israel]] [[Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog]], and served as its [[Rosh yeshiva]].


⚫
After retiring from the London Beth Din in 1934, Dayan Hillman settled in Jerusalem, devoting himself to study and writing. He co-founded the Jerusalem yeshiva ''Ohel Torah'' together with his son-in-law [[Chief Rabbi of Israel]] [[Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog]], and served as its [[rosh yeshiva]].
His grandson was Israeli President [[Chaim Herzog]], and his great-grandson is politician [[Isaac Herzog]].

His grandson [[Chaim Herzog]], and great-grandson [[Isaac Herzog]] both served as Presidents of the State of Israel.<ref>{{Cite news|title=The Herzog Family Tree: Israel's Answer to the Kennedys|language=en|work=Haaretz|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-israel-s-answer-to-the-kennedys-1.5364957|access-date=2021-12-07}}</ref>


==Lineage==
==Lineage==
Rabbi Hillman was a descendant of his namesake Rabbi Shmuel Hillman (Helman), the Av Beth Din of [[Metz]], who is mentioned in the introduction to the [[responsa]] [[Yechezkel Landau|Noda Biyhudah]]. On his mother's side, he was a descendant of Rabbi Michal Datnover, who was known in his time as an exceptional scholar and Kabbalist.
Rabbi Hillman was a descendant of his namesake Rabbi Shmuel Hillman (Helman), the Av Beth Din of [[Metz]], who is mentioned in the introduction to the [[responsa]] [[Yechezkel Landau|''Noda Bihudah'']]. On his mother's side, he was a descendant of Rabbi Michal Datnover, who was known in his time as an exceptional scholar and Kabbalist. His mother, Faya Hillman, moved to Hebron after the death of her husband. She survived the [[1929 Hebron massacre]] by laying still amid the bodies of victims.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Israel's ties to Hebron undeniable, Herzog says at Cave of Patriarchs|url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/israels-ties-to-hebron-undeniable-herzog-says-at-cave-of-patriarchs-687228|access-date=2021-12-07|newspaper=The Jerusalem Post &#124; Jpost.com|language=en-US}}</ref> A photograph of her laying wounded in a hospital bed appears in the book ''TARPAT Hebron'' with the caption "Faya Hillman, mother of the rabbi from London."<ref>{{Cite book|last=זאבי|first=רחבעם|title=טבח חברון תרפ"ט|publisher=חבצלת|year=1994|oclc=233096369|location=ירושלים וחברון|pages=38|language=Hebrew}}</ref> Both she and her son were mentioned by descendant President Isaac Herzog during a Hanukkah candle lighting ceremony.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tobin |first1=Jonathan S. |title=Lighting a candle in Hebron beyond the seventh step |url=https://www.israelhayom.com/opinions/lighting-a-candle-in-hebron-beyond-the-seventh-step/ |website=[[Israel Hayom]] |access-date=24 June 2023 |language=en |date=12 Jan 2021}}</ref>


In addition, Rabbi Hillman was a direct sixth-generation descendant of the author of ''Knesses Yechezkel'', who was the Av Beth Din of [[Altona, Hamburg|Altona]], [[Hamburg]] and [[Wandsbek]]. He also descended from the [[Katzenellenbogen]] family, and could trace his lineage back to the Maharam (Rabbi [[Meir ben Isaac of Padua|Meir ben Isaac]]) of [[Padua]] and Rabbi [[Yehuda Mintz]].
In addition, Rabbi Hillman was a direct sixth-generation descendant of the author of ''Knesses Yechezkel'', who was the Av Beth Din of [[Altona, Hamburg|Altona]], [[Hamburg]] and [[Wandsbek]]. He also descended from the [[Katzenellenbogen]] family, and could trace his lineage back to the Maharam (Rabbi [[Meir ben Isaac of Padua|Meir ben Isaac]]) of [[Padua]] and Rabbi [[Yehuda Mintz]].


==Death==
==Death==
Rabbi Hillman died in Jerusalem in 1953. Thousands of people followed his funeral through the streets of Jerusalem, among them Cabinet Ministers, Members of the Knesset, and leading rabbis and Rosh yeshivas. Dayan Hillman's death caused deep sorrow in Jerusalem, where he was greatly beloved.
Rabbi Hillman died in Jerusalem in 1953.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Death of former London Dayan {{!}} The Australian Jewish News {{!}} 19 June 1953 {{!}} Newspapers {{!}} The National Library of Israel|url=https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/ajn/1953/06/19/01/article/10|access-date=2021-12-07|website=www.nli.org.il|language=en}}</ref> Thousands of people followed his funeral through the streets of Jerusalem, among them Cabinet ministers, Members of the Knesset, and leading rabbis and rosh yeshivas. Dayan Hillman's death caused deep sorrow in Jerusalem, where he was greatly beloved.


Eulogies were delivered by the deceased's son-in-law Chief Rabbi Herzog, Rabbi [[Isser Zalman Meltzer]] (with whom Dayan Hillman learned with in the [[Volozhin yeshiva]]), the Minister of Religious Affairs Mr Moshe Shapiro, and others. He was survived by his wife; his daughter Sarah, the wife of Rabbi Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog; and his son David Hillman, a London artist.
Eulogies were delivered by the deceased's son-in-law Chief Rabbi Herzog, Rabbi [[Isser Zalman Meltzer]] (with whom Dayan Hillman learned with in the [[Volozhin yeshiva]]), the Minister of Religious Affairs Mr Moshe Shapira, and others. He was survived by his wife; his daughter Sarah, the wife of Rabbi Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog; and his son David Hillman, a London artist.


Soon after Dayan Hillman died, a memorial service was held in London, where the Chief Rabbi [[Israel Brodie]] and Dayan [[Yehezkel Abramsky]] spoke, full of praise, respect and admiration for the deceased. Dayan Lazarus, Dayan Grunfeld, Dayan Grossnass and Rabbi [[Isidore Epstein]] were among those in attendance.
Soon after Dayan Hillman died, a memorial service was held in London, where Chief Rabbi [[Israel Brodie]] and Dayan [[Yehezkel Abramsky]] spoke, full of praise, respect and admiration for the deceased. Dayan Lazarus, Dayan Grunfeld, Dayan Grossnass and Rabbi [[Isidore Epstein]] were among those in attendance.


==Works==
==Works==
Dayan Hillman authored many scholarly works, including a 20-volume commentary on every tractate of the [[Talmud Bavli|Babylonian]] and [[Jerusalem Talmud|Jerusalem]] Talmuds, as well as on the [[Mishnaic]] Orders [[Zeraim]] and [[Taharos]] and on the [[Rambam]] and [[Sifra]], entitled ''Or Hayashar'' (London, Jerusalem). He also published novealle on the [[Tanakh]] and a book of his sermons and orations.
Dayan Hillman authored many scholarly works, including a 20-volume commentary on every tractate of the [[Talmud Bavli|Babylonian]] and [[Jerusalem Talmud|Jerusalem]] Talmuds, as well as on the [[Mishnaic]] Orders [[Zeraim]] and [[Taharos]] and on the [[Rambam]] and [[Sifra]], entitled ''Or Hayashar'' (London, Jerusalem). He also published [[Chidush|novellae]] on the [[Tanakh]] and a book of his sermons and orations.


Among the other writings of this outstanding figure were manuscripts on the Talmudic tractates [[Zevachim]], [[Arakhin]] and [[Temurah (Talmud)|Temura]]—all in the Order of [[Kodshim]]—and responsa on all four sections of the [[Shulchan Aruch]].
Among the other writings of this outstanding figure were manuscripts on the Talmudic tractates [[Zevachim]], [[Arakhin]] and [[Temurah (Talmud)|Temura]]—all in the Order of [[Kodshim]]—and responsa on all four sections of the [[Shulchan Aruch]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}


==Sources==
==Sources==
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{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}

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[[Category:Haredi rabbis in Europe]]
[[Category:Haredi rabbis in Europe]]
[[Category:British Orthodox rabbis]]
[[Category:British Orthodox rabbis]]
[[Category:British people of Lithuanian-Jewish descent]]
[[Category:Lithuanian emigrants to the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Lithuanian emigrants to the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Scottish Orthodox rabbis]]
[[Category:Scottish Orthodox rabbis]]
[[Category:20th-century rabbis]]
[[Category:20th-century British rabbis]]
[[Category:People from London]]
[[Category:Rabbis from London]]
[[Category:People from Kaunas]]
[[Category:Clergy from Kaunas]]
[[Category:English Orthodox Jews]]
[[Category:English Orthodox Jews]]
[[Category:20th-century Scottish Jews]]
[[Category:21st-century Scottish Jews]]
[[Category:20th-century English Jews]]
[[Category:21st-century English Jews]]
[[Category:Volozhin Yeshiva alumni]]
[[Category:20th-century Scottish rabbis]]
[[Category:21st-century Scottish rabbis]]
[[Category:20th-century English rabbis]]
[[Category:21st-century English rabbis]]

Latest revision as of 18:22, 3 July 2024

Rabbi
Shmuel Yitzchak Hillman
Rabbi Shmuel Yitzchak Hillman
Dayan of the London Beth Din
In office
1914–1934
Rabbi and head of the Beth Din of Berazino
In office
1897–1908
Rabbi in Glasgow
In office
1908–1914
Personal
Born(1868-07-02)July 2, 1868
Kovno, Lithuania
DiedJune 1, 1953(1953-06-01) (aged 84)
Jerusalem, Israel
NationalityLithuanian-British
DenominationOrthodox Judaism
Notable work(s)Or Hayashar
Alma materVolozhin Yeshiva
OccupationRabbi, Talmudic scholar

Rabbi Shmuel Yitzchak Hillman (2 July 1868 – 1 June 1953) was a renowned Orthodox Jewish Talmudic scholar, posek and rabbi and served as a dayan of the London Beth Din.

Life and work

[edit]

Shmuel Yitzchak (English: Samuel Isaac) Hillman was born in Kovno, Lithuania, the son of Paya Rivka and Avraham Chaim Hillman.[1] In his youth, he studied Torah under his uncles, Rabbi Mordechai Hillman, av beth din of Pasvatin, and Rabbi Noach Yaakov Hillman of Pasval. After his marriage, he studied intensively by himself in the house of his father-in-law, Rabbi Yitzchak Hirsch in the town of Franks in Kurland.

Rabbi Hillman received semicha from the famous Rabbis Eliyahu Dovid Teumim (who was the chief rabbi in Ponevezh and afterwards served in Jerusalem), Refael Shapiro of Volozhin, Meir Simcha HaKohen of Dvinsk and the Ridvaz of Slutsk.

Rabbi Hillman's son David Hillman was born in Lithuania in 1893. David Hillman had three sons Ellis Hillman, Harold Hillman and Mayer Hillman. Rabbi Hillman also had a daughter Sarah who married Isaac Herzog (the first Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of the State of Israel); their son Chaim Herzog was President of Israel from 1983 to 1993, and their son Yaacov Herzog was Ben Gurion’s and Golda Meir’s Chef de Cabinet.

In 1897, when Rabbi Hillman was 29 years old, he became rabbi and head of the Beth Din of Berazino in the Minsk Region of then-Russia, an old and distinguished community that had been graced with many great rabbis in the past. In 1908, he was appointed rabbi in Glasgow, serving and founding the Beth Din there until 1914, when he was appointed a dayan of the London Beth Din.[2]

After retiring from the London Beth Din in 1934, Dayan Hillman settled in Jerusalem, devoting himself to study and writing. He co-founded the Jerusalem yeshiva Ohel Torah together with his son-in-law Chief Rabbi of Israel Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog, and served as its rosh yeshiva.

His grandson Chaim Herzog, and great-grandson Isaac Herzog both served as Presidents of the State of Israel.[3]

Lineage

[edit]

Rabbi Hillman was a descendant of his namesake Rabbi Shmuel Hillman (Helman), the Av Beth Din of Metz, who is mentioned in the introduction to the responsa Noda Bihudah. On his mother's side, he was a descendant of Rabbi Michal Datnover, who was known in his time as an exceptional scholar and Kabbalist. His mother, Faya Hillman, moved to Hebron after the death of her husband. She survived the 1929 Hebron massacre by laying still amid the bodies of victims.[4] A photograph of her laying wounded in a hospital bed appears in the book TARPAT Hebron with the caption "Faya Hillman, mother of the rabbi from London."[5] Both she and her son were mentioned by descendant President Isaac Herzog during a Hanukkah candle lighting ceremony.[6]

In addition, Rabbi Hillman was a direct sixth-generation descendant of the author of Knesses Yechezkel, who was the Av Beth Din of Altona, Hamburg and Wandsbek. He also descended from the Katzenellenbogen family, and could trace his lineage back to the Maharam (Rabbi Meir ben Isaac) of Padua and Rabbi Yehuda Mintz.

Death

[edit]

Rabbi Hillman died in Jerusalem in 1953.[7] Thousands of people followed his funeral through the streets of Jerusalem, among them Cabinet ministers, Members of the Knesset, and leading rabbis and rosh yeshivas. Dayan Hillman's death caused deep sorrow in Jerusalem, where he was greatly beloved.

Eulogies were delivered by the deceased's son-in-law Chief Rabbi Herzog, Rabbi Isser Zalman Meltzer (with whom Dayan Hillman learned with in the Volozhin yeshiva), the Minister of Religious Affairs Mr Moshe Shapira, and others. He was survived by his wife; his daughter Sarah, the wife of Rabbi Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog; and his son David Hillman, a London artist.

Soon after Dayan Hillman died, a memorial service was held in London, where Chief Rabbi Israel Brodie and Dayan Yehezkel Abramsky spoke, full of praise, respect and admiration for the deceased. Dayan Lazarus, Dayan Grunfeld, Dayan Grossnass and Rabbi Isidore Epstein were among those in attendance.

Works

[edit]

Dayan Hillman authored many scholarly works, including a 20-volume commentary on every tractate of the Babylonian and Jerusalem Talmuds, as well as on the Mishnaic Orders Zeraim and Taharos and on the Rambam and Sifra, entitled Or Hayashar (London, Jerusalem). He also published novellae on the Tanakh and a book of his sermons and orations.

Among the other writings of this outstanding figure were manuscripts on the Talmudic tractates Zevachim, Arakhin and Temura—all in the Order of Kodshim—and responsa on all four sections of the Shulchan Aruch.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Hillman Family". eilatgordinlevitan.com. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  2. ^ "Hillman, Samuel Isaac | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  3. ^ "The Herzog Family Tree: Israel's Answer to the Kennedys". Haaretz. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  4. ^ "Israel's ties to Hebron undeniable, Herzog says at Cave of Patriarchs". The Jerusalem Post | Jpost.com. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  5. ^ זאבי, רחבעם (1994). טבח חברון תרפ"ט (in Hebrew). ירושלים וחברון: חבצלת. p. 38. OCLC 233096369.
  6. ^ Tobin, Jonathan S. (12 January 2021). "Lighting a candle in Hebron beyond the seventh step". Israel Hayom. Retrieved 24 June 2023.
  7. ^ "Death of former London Dayan | The Australian Jewish News | 19 June 1953 | Newspapers | The National Library of Israel". www.nli.org.il. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

Sources

[edit]
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