Italian fashion: Difference between revisions
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{{Culture of Italy}} |
{{Culture of Italy}} |
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[[Italy]] is one of the leading countries in [[fashion design]], alongside [[French fashion|France |
[[Italy]] is one of the leading countries in [[fashion design]], alongside [[French fashion|France]] and the [[United Kingdom]]. Fashion has always been an important part of the [[culture of Italy|country's cultural life]] and society, and Italians are well known for their attention to dress; ''la bella figura'', or good appearance, retains its traditional importance. |
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Italian fashion became prominent during the 11th to 16th centuries, when artistic development in Italy was at its peak. Cities such as [[Rome]], [[Palermo]], [[Venice]], [[Milan]], [[Naples]], [[Florence]] and [[Vicenza]] started to produce [[luxury good]]s, [[hat]]s, [[cosmetics]], [[jewelry]] and rich [[fabric]]s. From the 17th century to the early 20th, '''Italian fashion''' lost its importance and lustre and Europe's main trendsetter became France, with the great popularity of [[French fashion]]; this is due to the luxury dresses which were designed for the courtiers of [[Louis XIV]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kipar.org/baroque-costumes/costumes_male.html |title=Nicole Kipar's late 17th century Clothing History - Baroque Costumes |access-date=2010-01-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091201041219/http://www.kipar.org/baroque-costumes/costumes_male.html |archive-date=2009-12-01 }}</ref> However, since the 1951–53 fashion soirées held by [[Giovanni Battista Giorgini]] in Florence,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gbgiorgini.it/italianfashion.htm |title=The birth of italian fashion |access-date=2011-10-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111016202714/http://www.gbgiorgini.it/italianfashion.htm |archive-date=2011-10-16 }}</ref> the "''Italian school''" started to compete with the French ''haute couture'', and labels such as [[Prada]] and [[Gucci]] began to contend with [[Chanel]] and [[Dior]]. In 2009, according to the [[Global Language Monitor]], [[Milan]], Italy's centre of [[design]], was ranked the top [[fashion capital]] of the world, and [[Rome]] was ranked fourth,<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web |url=http://www.languagemonitor.com/popular-culture/fashion |title=The Global Language Monitor » Fashion |access-date=2011-10-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091101191133/http://www.languagemonitor.com/popular-culture/fashion |archive-date=2009-11-01 }}</ref> and, although both cities fell in subsequent rankings, in 2011, Florence entered as the 31st world fashion capital. Milan is generally considered to be one of the "big four" global [[Fashion capital|fashion capitals]], along with New York, Paris, and London; occasionally, the "big five" also includes Rome.<ref>[http://www.languagemonitor.com/?s=fashion+capital You searched for fashion capital – The Global Language Monitor<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |
Italian fashion became prominent during the 11th to 16th centuries, when artistic development in Italy was at its peak. Cities such as [[Rome]], [[Palermo]], [[Venice]], [[Milan]], [[Naples]], [[Florence]] and [[Vicenza]] started to produce [[luxury good]]s, [[hat]]s, [[cosmetics]], [[jewelry]] and rich [[fabric]]s. From the 17th century to the early 20th, '''Italian fashion''' lost its importance and lustre and Europe's main trendsetter became France, with the great popularity of [[French fashion]]; this is due to the luxury dresses which were designed for the courtiers of [[Louis XIV]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kipar.org/baroque-costumes/costumes_male.html |title=Nicole Kipar's late 17th century Clothing History - Baroque Costumes |access-date=2010-01-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091201041219/http://www.kipar.org/baroque-costumes/costumes_male.html |archive-date=2009-12-01 }}</ref> However, since the 1951–53 fashion soirées held by [[Giovanni Battista Giorgini]] in Florence,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gbgiorgini.it/italianfashion.htm |title=The birth of italian fashion |access-date=2011-10-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111016202714/http://www.gbgiorgini.it/italianfashion.htm |archive-date=2011-10-16 }}</ref> the "''Italian school''" started to compete with the French ''haute couture'', and labels such as [[Prada]] and [[Gucci]] began to contend with [[Chanel]] and [[Dior]]. In 2009, according to the [[Global Language Monitor]], [[Milan]], Italy's centre of [[design]], was ranked the top [[fashion capital]] of the world, and [[Rome]] was ranked fourth,<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web |url=http://www.languagemonitor.com/popular-culture/fashion |title=The Global Language Monitor » Fashion |access-date=2011-10-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091101191133/http://www.languagemonitor.com/popular-culture/fashion |archive-date=2009-11-01 }}</ref> and, although both cities fell in subsequent rankings, in 2011, Florence entered as the 31st world fashion capital. Milan is generally considered to be one of the "big four" global [[Fashion capital|fashion capitals]], along with New York, Paris, and London; occasionally, the "big five" also includes Rome.<ref>[http://www.languagemonitor.com/?s=fashion+capital You searched for fashion capital – The Global Language Monitor<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |
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Italian fashion is linked to the most generalized concept of "[[Made in Italy]]", a merchandise brand expressing excellence of creativity and craftsmanship. Italian luxury goods are renowned for the quality of the textiles and the elegance and refinement of their construction. Many French, British and American high-top luxury brands (such as [[Chanel]], [[Christian Dior SE|Dior]], [[Balmain (fashion house)|Balmain]] and the main line of [[Ralph Lauren Corporation|Ralph Lauren]]) also rely on Italian craft factories, located in highly specialized areas in the metropolitan area of [[Naples]] and in the centre-north of Italy ([[Tuscany]], [[Marche]], [[Veneto]] and [[Piedmont]]), to produce parts of their apparel and accessories. |
Italian fashion is linked to the most generalized concept of "[[Made in Italy]]", a merchandise brand expressing excellence of creativity and craftsmanship. Italian luxury goods are renowned for the quality of the textiles and the elegance and refinement of their construction. Many French, British and American high-top luxury brands (such as [[Chanel]], [[Christian Dior SE|Dior]], [[Balmain (fashion house)|Balmain]] and the main line of [[Ralph Lauren Corporation|Ralph Lauren]]) also rely on Italian craft factories, located in highly specialized areas in the metropolitan area of [[Naples]] and in the centre-north of Italy ([[Tuscany]], [[Marche]], [[Veneto]] and [[Piedmont]]), to produce parts of their apparel and accessories. |
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The nonprofit association that co-ordinates and promotes the development of Italian fashion is the [[National Chamber of Italian Fashion]] (Camera Nazionale della Moda Italiana), now led by Carlo Capasa. It was set up in 1958 in Rome |
The nonprofit association that co-ordinates and promotes the development of Italian fashion is the [[National Chamber of Italian Fashion]] (Camera Nazionale della Moda Italiana), now led by [[Carlo Capasa]]. It was set up in 1958 in Rome, is now settled in Milan and represents all the highest cultural values of Italian fashion. This association has pursued a policy of organisational support aimed at the knowledge, promotion and development of fashion through high-profile events in Italy and abroad. The talent of young, creative fashion is also promoted in Italy, as in the annual ITS (International Talent Support Awards) young fashion designer competition in [[Trieste]].<ref>[https://www.vogue.com/article/internationa-talent-support-award-2020-winners Get to Know the Young Winners of the 2020 International Talent Support Awards - Vogue 28.10.2020.]</ref> |
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== Italian fashion houses, designers and luxury brands == |
== Italian fashion houses, designers and luxury brands == |
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Examples of major Italian fashion houses focused on both menswear and womenswear, but also accessories:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.made-in-italy.com/fashion/fashion_houses/index.htm|title=Italian Fashion: Designers and Brands - Made-In-Italy.com|date=5 January 2011|website=www.made-in-italy.com|access-date=15 October 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120714012735/http://www.made-in-italy.com/fashion/fashion_houses/index.htm|archive-date=14 July 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
Examples of major Italian fashion houses focused on both menswear and womenswear, but also accessories:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.made-in-italy.com/fashion/fashion_houses/index.htm|title=Italian Fashion: Designers and Brands - Made-In-Italy.com|date=5 January 2011|website=www.made-in-italy.com|access-date=15 October 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120714012735/http://www.made-in-italy.com/fashion/fashion_houses/index.htm|archive-date=14 July 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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* Agnona |
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* [[Armani]] (founded and directed by [[Giorgio Armani]]) |
* [[Armani]] (founded and directed by [[Giorgio Armani]]) |
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* [[Renato Balestra]] |
* [[Renato Balestra|Balestra]] |
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* [[Bottega Veneta]] (designed by French Matthieu Blazy) |
* [[Bottega Veneta]] (designed by Belgian-French [[Matthieu Blazy]]) |
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* [[Roberto Cavalli (company)|Roberto Cavalli]] (created by Fausto Puglisi) |
* [[Roberto Cavalli (company)|Roberto Cavalli]] (created by Fausto Puglisi) |
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* [[Costume National]] |
* [[Costume National]] |
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* [[Etro]] (directed by Marco De Vincenzo) |
* [[Etro]] (directed by Marco De Vincenzo) |
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* [[Fendi]] (previously directed by [[Karl Lagerfeld]] for women's clothes and ready to wear and now by [[Kim Jones (designer)|Kim Jones]] and by Silvia Venturini Fendi for accessories and men's lines) |
* [[Fendi]] (previously directed by [[Karl Lagerfeld]] for women's clothes and ready to wear and now by [[Kim Jones (designer)|Kim Jones]] and by Silvia Venturini Fendi for accessories and men's lines) |
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* [[Salvatore Ferragamo Italia S.p.A.|Ferragamo]] (designed by Maximilian Davis) |
* [[Salvatore Ferragamo Italia S.p.A.|Ferragamo]] (designed by [[Maximilian Davis]]) |
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* [[Gianfranco Ferré]] |
* [[Gianfranco Ferré]] |
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* [[Fiorucci]] |
* [[Fiorucci]] |
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* [[Gucci]] (formerly directed by [[Tom Ford]] and by [[Alessandro Michele]], now by [[Sabato de Sarno|Sabato De Sarno]]) |
* [[Gucci]] (formerly directed by [[Tom Ford]] and by [[Alessandro Michele]], now by [[Sabato de Sarno|Sabato De Sarno]]) |
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* [[Iceberg (fashion house)|Iceberg]] (directed by James Long) |
* [[Iceberg (fashion house)|Iceberg]] (directed by James Long) |
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* [[Jil Sander (brand)|Jil Sander]] founded by eponymous German designer but headquartered in Italy |
* [[Jil Sander (brand)|Jil Sander]] (founded by eponymous German designer but headquartered in Italy, designed by Luke and Lucy Meier) |
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* [[John Richmond (fashion designer)|John Richmond]] |
* [[John Richmond (fashion designer)|John Richmond]] |
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* [[Kiton]] |
* [[Kiton]] |
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* [[Loro Piana]] |
* [[Loro Piana]] |
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* [[Emilio Pucci]] (created by Camille Miceli) |
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* [[Marni (fashion house)|Marni]] (founded by [[Consuelo Castiglioni]] and now directed by Francesco Risso) |
* [[Marni (fashion house)|Marni]] (founded by [[Consuelo Castiglioni]] and now directed by Francesco Risso) |
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* [[Missoni]] |
* [[Missoni]] |
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* [[Miu Miu]] (sister label of [[Prada]] founded by [[Miuccia Prada]] in 1992) |
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* [[Moncler]] |
* [[Moncler]] |
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* [[Moschino]] |
* [[Moschino]] |
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* [[Prada]] ([[Raf Simons]] joined [[Miuccia Prada]] as co-creative director) |
* [[Prada]] ([[Raf Simons]] joined [[Miuccia Prada]] as co-creative director) |
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* [[Ermanno Scervino]] |
* [[Ermanno Scervino]] |
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* [[Tod's]] (designed by |
* [[Tod's]] (designed by Matteo Tamburini) |
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* [[Trussardi]] |
* [[Trussardi]] |
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* [[Valentino (fashion house)|Valentino]] (founded by [[Valentino (fashion designer)|Valentino Garavani]] |
* [[Valentino (fashion house)|Valentino]] (founded by [[Valentino (fashion designer)|Valentino Garavani]], formerly directed by [[Pierpaolo Piccioli]]) |
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* [[Versace]] (founded by [[Gianni Versace]] and now directed by [[Donatella Versace]]) |
* [[Versace]] (founded by [[Gianni Versace]] and now directed by [[Donatella Versace]]) |
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Examples of major fashion brands which are specialized mainly at womenswear (and also accessories for women) are |
Examples of major fashion brands which are specialized mainly at womenswear (and also accessories for women) are [[Laura Biagiotti]], [[Blufin|Blumarine]] (founded by [[Anna Molinari]]), [[Capucci]], [[Alberta Ferretti]], [[Gattinoni]], [[Genny]] (designed by Sara Cavazza Facchini), [[Giambattista Valli|Giamba]] (created by designer Giambattista Valli), [[Krizia]] (founded by Mariuccia Mandelli and now art directored by Zhu Chongyun), [[La Perla (clothing)|La Perla]], [[Luisa Spagnoli]], [[Max Mara]] (created by Ian Griffiths), [[Miu Miu]] (founded and directed by [[Miuccia Prada]]), Philosophy (directed by [[Lorenzo Serafini]]), [[Mila Schon]] and Twin-set Milano whilst the most important luxury houses which focus only on menswear and accessories for men are [[Brioni (fashion)|Brioni]], [[Canali]], [[Corneliani]], [[Lardini]], [[Stefano Ricci]], [[Zegna]] (directed by [[Alessandro Sartori]]) and [[Pal Zileri]]. |
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Luxury sportswear and [[streetwear]] have become general fashion trends, mixing high and low, formal and active style in one look and also in this segment Italy, apart from big luxury brands focused on ready to wear (or couture) developing their own streetstyle lines or items such as [[Gucci]], [[Fendi]], [[Moschino]] and [[Prada]] or top brands with a strong sporty heritage like [[Bikkembergs]], has got a few high end companies focused on this style like [[GCDS]], [[Off-White (company)|OFF White]] founded by American [[Virgil Abloh]] but based in [[Milan]], [[Stone Island|Stone island]]. In sportswear some of the most prominent houses are [[Diadora]], [[Fila (company)|Fila]], and [[Kappa (brand)|Kappa]]. |
Luxury sportswear and [[streetwear]] have become general fashion trends, mixing high and low, formal and active style in one look and also in this segment Italy, apart from big luxury brands focused on ready to wear (or couture) developing their own streetstyle lines or items such as [[Gucci]], [[Fendi]], [[Moschino]] and [[Prada]] or top brands with a strong sporty heritage like [[Bikkembergs]], has got a few high end companies focused on this style like [[GCDS]], [[Off-White (company)|OFF White]] founded by American [[Virgil Abloh]] but based in [[Milan]], [[Stone Island|Stone island]]. In sportswear some of the most prominent houses are [[Diadora]], [[Fila (company)|Fila]], and [[Kappa (brand)|Kappa]]. |
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A few Italian designers head (or have headed) some important fashion brands outside Italy. [[Riccardo Tisci]] had been working for French luxury house [[Givenchy]] for twelve years until 2017 and in 2018 was named British [[Burberry]]'s creative director until 2022, [[Maria Grazia Chiuri]] after co-heading at Valentino together with Pier Paolo Piccioli now is the first female creative director ever at [[Dior]], French fashion brand [[Rochas]] had been directed by [[Alessandro Dell'Acqua]] for a few years, Marco Colagrossi heads [[Emanuel Ungaro|Ungaro]] after a few years under the directorship of Fausto Puglisi, [[Nicola Formichetti]] was artistic director at [[Thierry Mugler|Mugler]], [[Nino Cerruti]] founded his own Paris-based fashion house, [[Giambattista Valli]]'s main ready to wear and high fashion lines are set in Paris and [[Stefano Pilati]] was for almost eight years [[Yves Saint Laurent (brand)|Saint Laurent]]'s head designer. |
A few Italian designers head (or have headed) some important fashion brands outside Italy. [[Riccardo Tisci]] had been working for French luxury house [[Givenchy]] for twelve years until 2017 and in 2018 was named British [[Burberry]]'s creative director until 2022, [[Maria Grazia Chiuri]] after co-heading at Valentino together with Pier Paolo Piccioli now is the first female creative director ever at [[Dior]], French fashion brand [[Rochas]] had been directed by [[Alessandro Dell'Acqua]] for a few years and now by Alessandro Vigilante, Marco Colagrossi heads [[Emanuel Ungaro|Ungaro]] after a few years under the directorship of Fausto Puglisi, [[Nicola Formichetti]] was artistic director at [[Thierry Mugler|Mugler]], [[Nino Cerruti]] founded his own Paris-based fashion house, [[Giambattista Valli]]'s main ready to wear and high fashion lines are set in Paris and [[Stefano Pilati]] was for almost eight years [[Yves Saint Laurent (brand)|Saint Laurent]]'s head designer. |
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Among the newest labels or younger designers, the most prominent are [[Golden Goose Deluxe Brand]] |
Among the newest labels or younger designers, the most prominent are [[Golden Goose Deluxe Brand]], [[Stella Jean]], Del Core, Calcaterra and [[The Attico]]. |
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Other luxury labels which are mainly focused on the production of leather goods such as accessories, especially shoes (but not only), are |
Other luxury labels which are mainly focused on the production of leather goods such as accessories, especially belts or shoes (but not only), are Anderson's, Aquazzura, [[Baldinini]], Ballin, [[Bontoni]], Casadei, [[Rene Caovilla]], [[Bruno Magli]], [[Cesare Paciotti|Paciotti]], [[Pollini]], Gianvito Rossi, [[Sergio Rossi]], [[Giuseppe Zanotti]], while fashion brands or labels which produce primarily bags, totes, suitcases are [[Braccialini]], [[Furla]], [[Mandarina Duck]], [[Piquadro]], [[Valextra]]. |
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Italy also is home to many fashion magazines, such as ''[[Vogue Italia]]'', ''[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]'', ''[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]]'', ''[[Glamour (magazine)|Glamour]]'', ''[[Grazia]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.made-in-italy.com/fashion/publications/index.htm |title=Italian Fashion, Beauty and Style Magazines |date=7 January 2011|publisher=Made-In-Italy.com}}</ref> |
Italy also is home to many fashion magazines, such as ''[[Vogue Italia]]'', ''[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]'', ''[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]]'', ''[[Glamour (magazine)|Glamour]]'', ''[[Grazia]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.made-in-italy.com/fashion/publications/index.htm |title=Italian Fashion, Beauty and Style Magazines |date=7 January 2011|publisher=Made-In-Italy.com}}</ref> |
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Other Italian accessory and jewelry brands, such as [[Luxottica]] (owner, amongst several luxury eyewear brands, of [[Ray-Ban]] and [[Persol]]), [[Safilo]], [[Buccellati]], [[Damiani]], Vhernier, [[Pomellato]], [[Morellato Group|Morellato]], [[Officine Panerai]] and [[Bulgari|Bvlgari]]. |
Other Italian accessory and jewelry brands, such as [[Luxottica]] (owner, amongst several luxury eyewear brands, of [[Ray-Ban]] and [[Persol]]), [[Safilo]], [[Buccellati]], [[Damiani]], Vhernier, [[Pomellato]], Dodo, [[Morellato Group|Morellato]], [[Officine Panerai]] and [[Bulgari|Bvlgari]]. |
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<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px"> |
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px"> |
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File:Valentino black dresses.jpg|Clothes by [[Valentino SpA|Valentino]] |
File:Valentino black dresses.jpg|Clothes by [[Valentino SpA|Valentino]] |
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File:GiorgioArmani.jpg|[[Giorgio Armani]], founder of the [[Armani]] company |
File:GiorgioArmani.jpg|[[Giorgio Armani]], founder of the [[Armani]] company |
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File:Prada milano.JPG|[[Prada]] shop in Milan |
File:Prada milano.JPG|[[Prada]] shop in Milan |
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File:Las Vegas (2013) 20.JPG|[[Gucci]] and [[Dolce & Gabbana]] Store on the [[Las Vegas Strip]] |
File:Las Vegas (2013) 20.JPG|[[Gucci]] and [[Dolce & Gabbana]] Store on the [[Las Vegas Strip]] |
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</gallery> |
</gallery> |
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[[File:KatharinavonMedici.jpg|thumb|upright|The Italian Catherine de' Medici, as Queen of France. Her fashions were the main trendsetters of courts at the time.]] |
[[File:KatharinavonMedici.jpg|thumb|upright|The Italian Catherine de' Medici, as Queen of France. Her fashions were the main trendsetters of courts at the time.]] |
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Fashion in Italy started to become the most fashionable in Europe since the 11th century, and powerful cities of the time, such as [[Venice]], [[Milan]], [[Florence]], [[Naples]], [[Vicenza]] and [[Rome]] began to produce [[robe]]s, [[jewelry]], [[textile]]s, [[shoe]]s, [[fabric]]s, [[Decorative arts|ornament]]s and elaborate [[dress]]es.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fashion-design-schoo-l.blogspot.com/2009/04/italian-fashion.html |title=ITALIAN FASHION >> Italian Fashion Tips | ITALIAN FASHION Guide! |access-date=2011-10-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110816014239/http://fashion-design-schoo-l.blogspot.com/2009/04/italian-fashion.html |archive-date=2011-08-16 }}</ref> Italian fashion reached its peak during the [[Renaissance]]. As Italy is widely recognized as the cradle and birthplace of the Renaissance,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/tl/it-ren/|title=WebMuseum: The Italian Renaissance (1420-1600)|website=www.ibiblio.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac88|title=HISTORY OF THE RENAISSANCE|website=www.historyworld.net}}</ref> art, music, education, finance and philosophy flourished, and along with it, Italian fashion designs became very |
Fashion in Italy started to become the most fashionable in Europe since the 11th century, and powerful cities of the time, such as [[Venice]], [[Milan]], [[Florence]], [[Naples]], [[Vicenza]] and [[Rome]] began to produce [[robe]]s, [[jewelry]], [[textile]]s, [[shoe]]s, [[fabric]]s, [[Decorative arts|ornament]]s and elaborate [[dress]]es.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fashion-design-schoo-l.blogspot.com/2009/04/italian-fashion.html |title=ITALIAN FASHION >> Italian Fashion Tips | ITALIAN FASHION Guide! |access-date=2011-10-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110816014239/http://fashion-design-schoo-l.blogspot.com/2009/04/italian-fashion.html |archive-date=2011-08-16 }}</ref> Italian fashion reached its peak during the [[Renaissance]]. As Italy is widely recognized as the cradle and birthplace of the Renaissance,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/tl/it-ren/|title=WebMuseum: The Italian Renaissance (1420-1600)|website=www.ibiblio.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac88|title=HISTORY OF THE RENAISSANCE|website=www.historyworld.net}}</ref> art, music, education, finance and philosophy flourished, and along with it, Italian fashion designs became very popular especially those worn by the [[Medici]]s in Florence.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.renaissance-spell.com/Renaissance-Fashion.html|title=Italian Renaissance Fashion|publisher=www.renaissance-spell.com}}</ref> The fashions of Queen [[Catherine de' Medici]] of France were considered amongst the most fashionable in Europe. |
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After a decline in the 17th to mid-20th century, Italy returned to being a leading nation in fashion, and Florence was Italy's [[fashion capital]] in the 50s and 60s from the very first high fashion parade at the Sala Bianca of the [[Palazzo Pitti|Pitti Palace]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.petitesondes.net/Epoca/Estratti/1952-095-estratto.pdf|title=Epoca n.95/1952}}</ref><ref>[https://fashion.mam-e.it/fallaci/ Fallaci – Mame Fashion Dictionary<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> in 1952 with names such as [[Emilio Schuberth]], [[Emilio Pucci]], [[Vincenzo Ferdinandi]], [[Roberto Capucci]], [[Sorelle Fontana]], [[Germana Marucelli]], [[Mila Schön]], [[Fausto Sarli]], whilst [[Milan]] led the way in the 70s and 80s, with then-new labels and designers such as Walter Albini, [[Armani]], [[Enrico Coveri]], [[Dolce & Gabbana]], [[Gianfranco Ferré]], [[Romeo Gigli]], [[Krizia]], [[Missoni]], [[Moschino]], [[Luciano Soprani]], [[Trussardi]] and [[Versace]] and opening up and setting up their first boutiques and emporia. Until the 1970s, Italian fashion was mainly designed for the rich and famous, more or less like the French "''Haute Couture''". Yet, in the 1970s and 80s, Italian fashion started to concentrate on [[ready-to-wear]] clothes, such as [[Coat (clothing)|coats]], [[jacket]]s, [[trousers]], [[shirt]]s, [[jeans]], [[jumper (dress)|jumper]]s and [[miniskirt]]s. [[Milan]] became more affordable and stylish for shoppers, and Florence was deposed of its position as the Italian [[fashion capital]] and replaced by Rome, which grew in importance as high fashion pole in the country thanks to the creations of [[Valentino Garavani|Valentino]], [[Fendi]], [[Roberto Capucci]], [[Renato Balestra]] and [[Fernanda Gattinoni|Gattinoni]]. |
After a decline in the 17th to mid-20th century, Italy returned to being a leading nation in fashion, and Florence was Italy's [[fashion capital]] in the 50s and 60s from the very first high fashion parade at the Sala Bianca of the [[Palazzo Pitti|Pitti Palace]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.petitesondes.net/Epoca/Estratti/1952-095-estratto.pdf|title=Epoca n.95/1952}}</ref><ref>[https://fashion.mam-e.it/fallaci/ Fallaci – Mame Fashion Dictionary<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> in 1952 with names such as [[Emilio Schuberth]], [[Emilio Pucci]], [[Vincenzo Ferdinandi]], [[Roberto Capucci]], [[Sorelle Fontana]], [[Germana Marucelli]], [[Mila Schön]], [[Fausto Sarli]], whilst [[Milan]] led the way in the 70s and 80s, with then-new labels and designers such as [[Walter Albini]], [[Armani]], [[Enrico Coveri]], [[Dolce & Gabbana]], [[Gianfranco Ferré]], [[Romeo Gigli]], [[Krizia]], [[Missoni]], [[Moschino]], [[Luciano Soprani]], [[Trussardi]] and [[Versace]] and opening up and setting up their first boutiques and emporia. Until the 1970s, Italian fashion was mainly designed for the rich and famous, more or less like the French "''Haute Couture''". Yet, in the 1970s and 80s, Italian fashion started to concentrate on [[ready-to-wear]] clothes, such as [[Coat (clothing)|coats]], [[jacket]]s, [[trousers]], [[shirt]]s, [[jeans]], [[jumper (dress)|jumper]]s and [[miniskirt]]s. [[Milan]] became more affordable and stylish for shoppers, and Florence was deposed of its position as the Italian [[fashion capital]] and replaced by Rome, which grew in importance as a high fashion pole in the country thanks to the creations of [[Valentino Garavani|Valentino]], [[Fendi]], [[Roberto Capucci]], [[Renato Balestra]] and [[Fernanda Gattinoni|Gattinoni]]. |
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Today, [[Milan]] and [[Rome]] are Italy's fashion capitals, and |
Today, [[Milan]] and [[Rome]] are Italy's fashion capitals, and major international centres for [[fashion design]], competing with other cities such as [[Tokyo]], [[Los Angeles]], [[London]], [[Paris]] and [[New York City|New York]].<ref name="ReferenceA"/> Also, other cities such as [[Venice]], Florence, [[Naples]], [[Vicenza]], [[Bologna]], [[Genoa]] and [[Turin]] are important centres. The country's main [[shopping district]]s are the [[Via Montenapoleone fashion district]] and the [[Galleria Vittorio Emanuele]] ([[Milan]]), [[Via dei Condotti]] ([[Rome]]), and [[Via de' Tornabuoni]] (Florence). |
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== Cities == |
== Cities == |
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===Milan=== |
===Milan=== |
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{{Main|Fashion in Milan}} |
{{Main|Fashion in Milan}} |
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[[File:Via Monte Napoleone, Milan, Italy.jpg|right|thumb|[[Via Montenapoleone]] during the Christmas period |
[[File:Via Monte Napoleone, Milan, Italy.jpg|right|thumb|[[Via Montenapoleone]] during the Christmas period]] |
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[[File:Milan-elegant shops in Via Pietro Verri-Via Monte Napoleone during the Christmas period.jpg|right|thumb|Elegant luxury shops, during the Christmas period, along Via Pietro Verri nearby [[Via Montenapoleone]]]] |
[[File:Milan-elegant shops in Via Pietro Verri-Via Monte Napoleone during the Christmas period.jpg|right|thumb|Elegant luxury shops, during the Christmas period, along Via Pietro Verri nearby [[Via Montenapoleone]]]] |
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In 2014, [[Milan]] was regarded as the world [[fashion capital]] (based upon frequency of mention in global media outlets), even surpassing [[New York City|New York]], [[Paris]], [[Rome]] and [[London]]. In 2011, Milan was ranked #4, behind London, New York, and Paris.<ref name="languagemonitor.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.languagemonitor.com/category/fashion-capitals/ |title=The Global Language Monitor » Fashion |publisher=Languagemonitor.com |date=2011-08-20 |access-date=2011-11-20}}</ref> Many of the major Italian fashion brands, such as [[Valentino SpA|Valentino]], [[Versace]], [[Prada]], [[Armani]], [[Dolce & Gabbana]], [[Marni]], Iceberg, [[Missoni]], [[Trussardi]], [[Moschino]], [[Dirk Bikkembergs]], [[Etro]], and [[Zegna]] are currently headquartered in the city. International fashion labels also operate shops in Milan, including an [[Abercrombie & Fitch]] flagship store |
In 2014, [[Milan]] was regarded as the world [[fashion capital]] (based upon frequency of mention in global media outlets), even surpassing [[New York City|New York]], [[Paris]], [[Rome]] and [[London]]. In 2011, Milan was ranked #4, behind London, New York, and Paris.<ref name="languagemonitor.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.languagemonitor.com/category/fashion-capitals/ |title=The Global Language Monitor » Fashion |publisher=Languagemonitor.com |date=2011-08-20 |access-date=2011-11-20}}</ref> Many of the major Italian fashion brands, such as [[Valentino SpA|Valentino]], [[Versace]], [[Prada]], [[Armani]], [[Dolce & Gabbana]], [[Marni]], Iceberg, [[Missoni]], [[Trussardi]], [[Moschino]], [[Dirk Bikkembergs]], [[Etro]], and [[Zegna]] are currently headquartered in the city. International fashion labels also operate shops in Milan, including an [[Abercrombie & Fitch]] flagship store. Milan also hosts a [[fashion week]] twice a year, just like other international centres such as Paris, London and New York. Milan's main upscale fashion district is the "''[[quadrilatero della moda]]''" (literally, "fashion quadrilateral"), where the city's most prestigious shopping streets ([[Via Montenapoleone]], [[Via della Spiga]], [[Via Sant'Andrea]], [[Via Manzoni]] and [[Corso Venezia]]) are held. The [[Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II]], the [[Piazza del Duomo, Milan|Piazza del Duomo]], [[Via Dante]] and [[Corso Buenos Aires]] are other important shopping streets and squares. |
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===Florence=== |
===Florence=== |
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{{See also|Fashion designers of Florence}} |
{{See also|Fashion designers of Florence}} |
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[[File:Via de Tornabuoni 03.JPG|thumb|Luxury boutiques along [[Florence]]'s prestigious Via de' Tornabuoni |
[[File:Via de Tornabuoni 03.JPG|thumb|Luxury boutiques along [[Florence]]'s prestigious Via de' Tornabuoni]] |
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[[Florence]] is regarded by some as the birthplace and earliest centre of the modern (post World War Two) fashion industry in Italy. The Florentine "soirées" of the early 1950s organized by Giovanni Battista Giorgini were events where several now-famous Italian designers participated in group shows and first garnered international attention.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gbgiorgini.it/italianfashion.htm |title=the birth of italian fashion |publisher=Gbgiorgini.it |access-date=5 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111016202714/http://www.gbgiorgini.it/italianfashion.htm |archive-date=16 October 2011 }}</ref> Florence has served as the home of the Italian fashion company [[Salvatore Ferragamo Italia S.p.A.|Salvatore Ferragamo]] since 1928. [[Gianfranco Lotti]], [[Gucci]], [[Roberto Cavalli]], [[Ermanno Scervino]], Stefano Ricci, Patrizia Pepe, [[Enrico Coveri]] and [[Emilio Pucci]] were also founded and most of them are still headquartered in Florence. Other major players in the fashion industry such as [[Prada]] and [[Chanel]] have large offices and stores in Florence or its outskirts. Florence's main [[luxury goods|upscale shopping]] street is [[Via de' Tornabuoni]], where major luxury fashion houses and jewelry labels, such as [[Armani]] and [[Bulgari]], have their elegant boutiques. Via del Parione and Via Roma are other streets that are also well known for their high-end fashion stores.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cntraveller.com/guides/europe/italy/florence/where-to-shop|title=Travel Guide to Florence|date=11 November 2009|access-date=26 November 2011|archive-date=8 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184516/http://www.cntraveller.com/guides/europe/italy/florence/where-to-shop|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
[[Florence]] is regarded by some as the birthplace and earliest centre of the modern (post World War Two) fashion industry in Italy. The Florentine "soirées" of the early 1950s organized by Giovanni Battista Giorgini were events where several now-famous Italian designers participated in group shows and first garnered international attention.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gbgiorgini.it/italianfashion.htm |title=the birth of italian fashion |publisher=Gbgiorgini.it |access-date=5 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111016202714/http://www.gbgiorgini.it/italianfashion.htm |archive-date=16 October 2011 }}</ref> Florence has served as the home of the Italian fashion company [[Salvatore Ferragamo Italia S.p.A.|Salvatore Ferragamo]] since 1928. [[Gianfranco Lotti]], [[Gucci]], [[Roberto Cavalli]], [[Ermanno Scervino]], Stefano Ricci, Patrizia Pepe, [[Enrico Coveri]] and [[Emilio Pucci]] were also founded and most of them are still headquartered in Florence. Other major players in the fashion industry such as [[Prada]] and [[Chanel]] have large offices and stores in Florence or its outskirts. Florence's main [[luxury goods|upscale shopping]] street is [[Via de' Tornabuoni]], where major luxury fashion houses and jewelry labels, such as [[Armani]] and [[Bulgari]], have their elegant boutiques. Via del Parione and Via Roma are other streets that are also well known for their high-end fashion stores.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cntraveller.com/guides/europe/italy/florence/where-to-shop|title=Travel Guide to Florence|date=11 November 2009|access-date=26 November 2011|archive-date=8 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184516/http://www.cntraveller.com/guides/europe/italy/florence/where-to-shop|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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===Rome=== |
===Rome=== |
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{{See also|Shopping areas and markets in Rome}} |
{{See also|Shopping areas and markets in Rome}} |
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[[File:Palazzo di Malta (Roma).jpg|thumb|left|The Palazzo di Malta, surrounded by [[Hermès]] boutiques in [[Via Condotti]], [[Rome]]'s main upscale shopping street |
[[File:Palazzo di Malta (Roma).jpg|thumb|left|The Palazzo di Malta, surrounded by [[Hermès]] boutiques in [[Via Condotti]], [[Rome]]'s main upscale shopping street]] |
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[[Rome]] is widely recognized as a world [[fashion capital]]. Although not as important as [[Milan]], Rome is the world's 4th most important centre for fashion in the world, according to the 2009 [[Global Language Monitor]] after [[Milan]], New York and Paris, and beating London.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.languagemonitor.com/popular-culture/fashion |title=The Global Language Monitor » Fashion |publisher=Languagemonitor.com |date=2009-07-20 |access-date=2009-10-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091101191133/http://www.languagemonitor.com/popular-culture/fashion |archive-date=2009-11-01 }}</ref> Major Italian luxury fashion houses and jewelry chains, such as [[Valentino SpA|Valentino]], [[Bulgari]], [[Fendi]], [[Laura Biagiotti]], [[Gattinoni]] and [[Brioni (fashion)|Brioni]], just to name a few, are headquartered or were founded in the city. Also, other major labels, such as [[Chanel]], [[Prada]], [[Dolce & Gabbana]], [[Armani]] and [[Versace]] have luxury boutiques in Rome, primarily along its prestigious and upscale [[Via dei Condotti]]. |
[[Rome]] is widely recognized as a world [[fashion capital]]. Although not as important as [[Milan]], Rome is the world's 4th most important centre for fashion in the world, according to the 2009 [[Global Language Monitor]] after [[Milan]], New York and Paris, and beating London.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.languagemonitor.com/popular-culture/fashion |title=The Global Language Monitor » Fashion |publisher=Languagemonitor.com |date=2009-07-20 |access-date=2009-10-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091101191133/http://www.languagemonitor.com/popular-culture/fashion |archive-date=2009-11-01 }}</ref> Major Italian luxury fashion houses and jewelry chains, such as [[Valentino SpA|Valentino]], [[Bulgari]], [[Fendi]], [[Laura Biagiotti]], [[Gattinoni]] and [[Brioni (fashion)|Brioni]], just to name a few, are headquartered in or were founded in the city. Also, other major labels, such as [[Chanel]], [[Prada]], [[Dolce & Gabbana]], [[Armani]] and [[Versace]] have luxury boutiques in Rome, primarily along its prestigious and upscale [[Via dei Condotti]]. [[Rome Fashion Week]] is an important global showcase. |
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===Other cities=== |
===Other cities=== |
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Although Milan, Rome and Florence are commonly regarded as the leading cities in Italian fashion, other cities, such as [[Venice]], [[Vicenza]], [[Prato]], [[Turin]], [[Naples]] and [[Bologna]], are also important centres for Italian clothing design and industry. Venice, for instance, is the home of Italian fashion house [[Roberta di Camerino]], which was founded in 1945. The brand is famous for its handbags, and is most notably associated with the creation of the [[it bag]], a form of handbag which is recognisable due to its [[status symbol]].<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/26/style/tmagazine/t_w_p166_talk_patner_.html?_r=1 | work=The New York Times | first=Josh | last=Patner | title=From Bags to Riches | date=2006-02-26}}</ref> Brands such as [[Max Mara]] and [[United Colors of Benetton]], despite being major Italian brands, are not headquartered in Milan, Rome or Florence, yet, the former has its headquarters in [[Reggio Emilia]],<ref>http://www.hoovers.com/company/Max_Mara_Fashion_Group_Srl/hksyhi-1.html {{Bare URL inline|date=March 2022}}</ref> and the latter in [[Ponzano Veneto]]. Italian holding [[OTB Group|OTB]] held by [[Renzo Rosso]], owner of different ready-to-wear brands such as [[Diesel (brand)|Diesel]] and also fashion houses like [[Marni]], Dutch label [[Viktor & Rolf]] and Belgian [[Maison Margiela]], is headquartered in the countryside near Vicenza in the region of [[Veneto]]. Italian companies [[Cesare Paciotti]] and also [[Tod's]], owned by businessman [[Diego Della Valle]] (which produces luxury shoes, other leather goods and also clothes under the labels of [[Tod's]] itself, [[Roger Vivier]], Hogan, Fay and haute couture brand [[Maison Schiaparelli|Schiaparelli]]), Santoni, [[Bontoni]] are headquartered in the region of [[Marche]], a very important manufacturing district for shoes and leather components in the Adriatic coast. Fashion houses [[Fabiana Filippi]] and [[Brunello Cucinelli (company)|Brunello Cucinelli]]'s home is the region of [[Umbria]] and luxury brands [[Kiton]] and Harmont & Blaine were founded in [[Naples]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.benettongroup.com/en/whoweare/headquarters.htm|title=Benetton Group - Corporate Website|website=www.benettongroup.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mariocorp.com|title=Italian Fashion Wholesale clothing - apparel supplier in Italy|first=Mario Corporation|last=Limited|website=www.mariocorp.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.italianbrandsdistribution.com|title=Italian brands distribution supply wholesale designer fashion luxury clothes - Italian Fashion buying house|website=www.italianbrandsdistribution.com}}</ref> which is also another prominent area of the country for the manufacturing of apparel and accessories (especially shoes and leather goods in general around the district of [[Solofra]]).{{Clear}} |
Although Milan, Rome and Florence are commonly regarded as the leading cities in Italian fashion, other cities, such as [[Venice]], [[Vicenza]], [[Prato]], [[Turin]], [[Naples]] and [[Bologna]], are also important centres for Italian clothing design and industry. Venice, for instance, is the home of Italian fashion house [[Roberta di Camerino]], which was founded in 1945. The brand is famous for its handbags, and is most notably associated with the creation of the [[it bag]], a form of handbag which is recognisable due to its [[status symbol]].<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/26/style/tmagazine/t_w_p166_talk_patner_.html?_r=1 | work=The New York Times | first=Josh | last=Patner | title=From Bags to Riches | date=2006-02-26}}</ref> Brands such as [[Max Mara]] and [[United Colors of Benetton]], despite being major Italian brands, are not headquartered in Milan, Rome or Florence, yet, the former has its headquarters in [[Reggio Emilia]],<ref>http://www.hoovers.com/company/Max_Mara_Fashion_Group_Srl/hksyhi-1.html {{Bare URL inline|date=March 2022}}</ref> and the latter in [[Ponzano Veneto]]. Italian holding [[OTB Group|OTB]] held by [[Renzo Rosso]], owner of different ready-to-wear brands such as [[Diesel (brand)|Diesel]] and also fashion houses like [[Marni]], Dutch label [[Viktor & Rolf]] and Belgian [[Maison Margiela]], is headquartered in the countryside near Vicenza in the region of [[Veneto]]. Italian companies [[Cesare Paciotti]] and also [[Tod's]], owned by businessman [[Diego Della Valle]] (which produces luxury shoes, other leather goods and also clothes under the labels of [[Tod's]] itself, [[Roger Vivier]], Hogan, Fay and haute couture brand [[Maison Schiaparelli|Schiaparelli]]), [[Santoni (brand)|Santoni]], [[Bontoni]] are headquartered in the region of [[Marche]], a very important manufacturing district for shoes and leather components in the Adriatic coast. Fashion houses [[Fabiana Filippi]] and [[Brunello Cucinelli (company)|Brunello Cucinelli]]'s home is the region of [[Umbria]] and luxury brands [[Kiton]] and [[Harmont & Blaine]] were founded in [[Naples]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.benettongroup.com/en/whoweare/headquarters.htm|title=Benetton Group - Corporate Website|website=www.benettongroup.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mariocorp.com|title=Italian Fashion Wholesale clothing - apparel supplier in Italy|first=Mario Corporation|last=Limited|website=www.mariocorp.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.italianbrandsdistribution.com|title=Italian brands distribution supply wholesale designer fashion luxury clothes - Italian Fashion buying house|website=www.italianbrandsdistribution.com}}</ref> which is also another prominent area of the country for the manufacturing of apparel and accessories (especially shoes and leather goods in general around the district of [[Solofra]]).{{Clear}} |
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== Fashion shows and fairs == |
== Fashion shows and fairs == |
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[[File:Milan Fashion Week 1.jpg|thumb|Milan Fashion Week]] |
[[File:Milan Fashion Week 1.jpg|thumb|Milan Fashion Week]] |
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The [[Milan Fashion Week]] takes place twice a year after the [[London Fashion Week]] and before the [[Paris Fashion Week]]. It is scheduled as the third of the four most important and global international ready-to-wear fashion weeks of the calendar during the so-called fashion month. Dates are determined by the Camera Nazionale della Moda Italiana. Some of the locations where fashion shows are held are Milan's [[Palazzo Reale]], [[Palazzo Serbelloni]], Padiglione Visconti, Spazio delle Cavallerizze at Leonardo Da Vinci museum and many others.{{ |
The [[Milan Fashion Week]] takes place twice a year after the [[London Fashion Week]] and before the [[Paris Fashion Week]]. It is scheduled as the third of the four most important and global international ready-to-wear fashion weeks of the calendar during the so-called fashion month. Dates are determined by the Camera Nazionale della Moda Italiana. Some of the locations where fashion shows are held are Milan's [[Palazzo Reale]], [[Palazzo Serbelloni]], Padiglione Visconti, Spazio delle Cavallerizze at Leonardo Da Vinci museum and many others.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lesacoutlet.it/blog/milano-fashion-week/|title=Milano Fashion Week: La Settimana della Moda che fa Tendenza!|date=23 August 2018 |access-date=8 January 2024|language=it}}</ref> |
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Another prominent platform for men's collections and new projects in fashion industry is [[Pitti Immagine]] in Florence at the [[Fortezza da Basso]], held twice a year |
Another prominent platform for men's collections and new projects in fashion industry is [[Pitti Immagine]] in Florence at the [[Fortezza da Basso]], held twice a year.<ref>[http://www.pittimmagine.com/en/corporate/fairs/uomo/exhibitors.html?a=0&p=&g= List of Exhibitors] accessed January 13, 2015</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{Fashion weeks}} |
{{Fashion weeks}} |
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{{Italy topics}} |
{{Italy topics}} |
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{{Economy of Italy}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Italian Fashion}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Italian Fashion}} |
Revision as of 10:12, 4 July 2024
Part of a series on the |
Culture of Italy |
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Menschen |
Traditions |
Italy is one of the leading countries in fashion design, alongside France and the United Kingdom. Fashion has always been an important part of the country's cultural life and society, and Italians are well known for their attention to dress; la bella figura, or good appearance, retains its traditional importance.
Italian fashion became prominent during the 11th to 16th centuries, when artistic development in Italy was at its peak. Cities such as Rome, Palermo, Venice, Milan, Naples, Florence and Vicenza started to produce luxury goods, hats, cosmetics, jewelry and rich fabrics. From the 17th century to the early 20th, Italian fashion lost its importance and lustre and Europe's main trendsetter became France, with the great popularity of French fashion; this is due to the luxury dresses which were designed for the courtiers of Louis XIV.[1] However, since the 1951–53 fashion soirées held by Giovanni Battista Giorgini in Florence,[2] the "Italian school" started to compete with the French haute couture, and labels such as Prada and Gucci began to contend with Chanel and Dior. In 2009, according to the Global Language Monitor, Milan, Italy's centre of design, was ranked the top fashion capital of the world, and Rome was ranked fourth,[3] and, although both cities fell in subsequent rankings, in 2011, Florence entered as the 31st world fashion capital. Milan is generally considered to be one of the "big four" global fashion capitals, along with New York, Paris, and London; occasionally, the "big five" also includes Rome.[4]
Italian fashion is linked to the most generalized concept of "Made in Italy", a merchandise brand expressing excellence of creativity and craftsmanship. Italian luxury goods are renowned for the quality of the textiles and the elegance and refinement of their construction. Many French, British and American high-top luxury brands (such as Chanel, Dior, Balmain and the main line of Ralph Lauren) also rely on Italian craft factories, located in highly specialized areas in the metropolitan area of Naples and in the centre-north of Italy (Tuscany, Marche, Veneto and Piedmont), to produce parts of their apparel and accessories.
The nonprofit association that co-ordinates and promotes the development of Italian fashion is the National Chamber of Italian Fashion (Camera Nazionale della Moda Italiana), now led by Carlo Capasa. It was set up in 1958 in Rome, is now settled in Milan and represents all the highest cultural values of Italian fashion. This association has pursued a policy of organisational support aimed at the knowledge, promotion and development of fashion through high-profile events in Italy and abroad. The talent of young, creative fashion is also promoted in Italy, as in the annual ITS (International Talent Support Awards) young fashion designer competition in Trieste.[5]
Italian fashion houses, designers and luxury brands
Examples of major Italian fashion houses focused on both menswear and womenswear, but also accessories:[6]
- Agnona
- Armani (founded and directed by Giorgio Armani)
- Balestra
- Bottega Veneta (designed by Belgian-French Matthieu Blazy)
- Roberto Cavalli (created by Fausto Puglisi)
- Costume National
- Brunello Cucinelli
- Diesel (directed by Glenn Martens)
- Dolce & Gabbana
- Dsquared2 (created by Canadian duo Dean and Dan Caten)
- Etro (directed by Marco De Vincenzo)
- Fendi (previously directed by Karl Lagerfeld for women's clothes and ready to wear and now by Kim Jones and by Silvia Venturini Fendi for accessories and men's lines)
- Ferragamo (designed by Maximilian Davis)
- Gianfranco Ferré
- Fiorucci
- Gucci (formerly directed by Tom Ford and by Alessandro Michele, now by Sabato De Sarno)
- Iceberg (directed by James Long)
- Jil Sander (founded by eponymous German designer but headquartered in Italy, designed by Luke and Lucy Meier)
- John Richmond
- Kiton
- Loro Piana
- Emilio Pucci (created by Camille Miceli)
- Marni (founded by Consuelo Castiglioni and now directed by Francesco Risso)
- Missoni
- Miu Miu (sister label of Prada founded by Miuccia Prada in 1992)
- Moncler
- Moschino
- Prada (Raf Simons joined Miuccia Prada as co-creative director)
- Ermanno Scervino
- Tod's (designed by Matteo Tamburini)
- Trussardi
- Valentino (founded by Valentino Garavani, formerly directed by Pierpaolo Piccioli)
- Versace (founded by Gianni Versace and now directed by Donatella Versace)
Examples of major fashion brands which are specialized mainly at womenswear (and also accessories for women) are Laura Biagiotti, Blumarine (founded by Anna Molinari), Capucci, Alberta Ferretti, Gattinoni, Genny (designed by Sara Cavazza Facchini), Giamba (created by designer Giambattista Valli), Krizia (founded by Mariuccia Mandelli and now art directored by Zhu Chongyun), La Perla, Luisa Spagnoli, Max Mara (created by Ian Griffiths), Miu Miu (founded and directed by Miuccia Prada), Philosophy (directed by Lorenzo Serafini), Mila Schon and Twin-set Milano whilst the most important luxury houses which focus only on menswear and accessories for men are Brioni, Canali, Corneliani, Lardini, Stefano Ricci, Zegna (directed by Alessandro Sartori) and Pal Zileri.
Luxury sportswear and streetwear have become general fashion trends, mixing high and low, formal and active style in one look and also in this segment Italy, apart from big luxury brands focused on ready to wear (or couture) developing their own streetstyle lines or items such as Gucci, Fendi, Moschino and Prada or top brands with a strong sporty heritage like Bikkembergs, has got a few high end companies focused on this style like GCDS, OFF White founded by American Virgil Abloh but based in Milan, Stone island. In sportswear some of the most prominent houses are Diadora, Fila, and Kappa.
A few Italian designers head (or have headed) some important fashion brands outside Italy. Riccardo Tisci had been working for French luxury house Givenchy for twelve years until 2017 and in 2018 was named British Burberry's creative director until 2022, Maria Grazia Chiuri after co-heading at Valentino together with Pier Paolo Piccioli now is the first female creative director ever at Dior, French fashion brand Rochas had been directed by Alessandro Dell'Acqua for a few years and now by Alessandro Vigilante, Marco Colagrossi heads Ungaro after a few years under the directorship of Fausto Puglisi, Nicola Formichetti was artistic director at Mugler, Nino Cerruti founded his own Paris-based fashion house, Giambattista Valli's main ready to wear and high fashion lines are set in Paris and Stefano Pilati was for almost eight years Saint Laurent's head designer.
Among the newest labels or younger designers, the most prominent are Golden Goose Deluxe Brand, Stella Jean, Del Core, Calcaterra and The Attico.
Other luxury labels which are mainly focused on the production of leather goods such as accessories, especially belts or shoes (but not only), are Anderson's, Aquazzura, Baldinini, Ballin, Bontoni, Casadei, Rene Caovilla, Bruno Magli, Paciotti, Pollini, Gianvito Rossi, Sergio Rossi, Giuseppe Zanotti, while fashion brands or labels which produce primarily bags, totes, suitcases are Braccialini, Furla, Mandarina Duck, Piquadro, Valextra.
Italy also is home to many fashion magazines, such as Vogue Italia, Vanity Fair, Elle, Glamour, Grazia.[7]
Other Italian accessory and jewelry brands, such as Luxottica (owner, amongst several luxury eyewear brands, of Ray-Ban and Persol), Safilo, Buccellati, Damiani, Vhernier, Pomellato, Dodo, Morellato, Officine Panerai and Bvlgari.
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Clothes by Valentino
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Giorgio Armani, founder of the Armani company
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Prada shop in Milan
Modern history
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/KatharinavonMedici.jpg/170px-KatharinavonMedici.jpg)
Fashion in Italy started to become the most fashionable in Europe since the 11th century, and powerful cities of the time, such as Venice, Milan, Florence, Naples, Vicenza and Rome began to produce robes, jewelry, textiles, shoes, fabrics, ornaments and elaborate dresses.[8] Italian fashion reached its peak during the Renaissance. As Italy is widely recognized as the cradle and birthplace of the Renaissance,[9][10] art, music, education, finance and philosophy flourished, and along with it, Italian fashion designs became very popular especially those worn by the Medicis in Florence.[11] The fashions of Queen Catherine de' Medici of France were considered amongst the most fashionable in Europe.
After a decline in the 17th to mid-20th century, Italy returned to being a leading nation in fashion, and Florence was Italy's fashion capital in the 50s and 60s from the very first high fashion parade at the Sala Bianca of the Pitti Palace[12][13] in 1952 with names such as Emilio Schuberth, Emilio Pucci, Vincenzo Ferdinandi, Roberto Capucci, Sorelle Fontana, Germana Marucelli, Mila Schön, Fausto Sarli, whilst Milan led the way in the 70s and 80s, with then-new labels and designers such as Walter Albini, Armani, Enrico Coveri, Dolce & Gabbana, Gianfranco Ferré, Romeo Gigli, Krizia, Missoni, Moschino, Luciano Soprani, Trussardi and Versace and opening up and setting up their first boutiques and emporia. Until the 1970s, Italian fashion was mainly designed for the rich and famous, more or less like the French "Haute Couture". Yet, in the 1970s and 80s, Italian fashion started to concentrate on ready-to-wear clothes, such as coats, jackets, trousers, shirts, jeans, jumpers and miniskirts. Milan became more affordable and stylish for shoppers, and Florence was deposed of its position as the Italian fashion capital and replaced by Rome, which grew in importance as a high fashion pole in the country thanks to the creations of Valentino, Fendi, Roberto Capucci, Renato Balestra and Gattinoni.
Today, Milan and Rome are Italy's fashion capitals, and major international centres for fashion design, competing with other cities such as Tokyo, Los Angeles, London, Paris and New York.[3] Also, other cities such as Venice, Florence, Naples, Vicenza, Bologna, Genoa and Turin are important centres. The country's main shopping districts are the Via Montenapoleone fashion district and the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele (Milan), Via dei Condotti (Rome), and Via de' Tornabuoni (Florence).
Cities
Italian fashion is dominated by Milan, Rome, and to a lesser extent, Florence, with the former two being included in the top 30 fashion capitals of the world.[14] Nonetheless, there are numerous other cities which play an important role in Italian fashion.
Milan
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Via_Monte_Napoleone%2C_Milan%2C_Italy.jpg/220px-Via_Monte_Napoleone%2C_Milan%2C_Italy.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Milan-elegant_shops_in_Via_Pietro_Verri-Via_Monte_Napoleone_during_the_Christmas_period.jpg/220px-Milan-elegant_shops_in_Via_Pietro_Verri-Via_Monte_Napoleone_during_the_Christmas_period.jpg)
In 2014, Milan was regarded as the world fashion capital (based upon frequency of mention in global media outlets), even surpassing New York, Paris, Rome and London. In 2011, Milan was ranked #4, behind London, New York, and Paris.[15] Many of the major Italian fashion brands, such as Valentino, Versace, Prada, Armani, Dolce & Gabbana, Marni, Iceberg, Missoni, Trussardi, Moschino, Dirk Bikkembergs, Etro, and Zegna are currently headquartered in the city. International fashion labels also operate shops in Milan, including an Abercrombie & Fitch flagship store. Milan also hosts a fashion week twice a year, just like other international centres such as Paris, London and New York. Milan's main upscale fashion district is the "quadrilatero della moda" (literally, "fashion quadrilateral"), where the city's most prestigious shopping streets (Via Montenapoleone, Via della Spiga, Via Sant'Andrea, Via Manzoni and Corso Venezia) are held. The Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II, the Piazza del Duomo, Via Dante and Corso Buenos Aires are other important shopping streets and squares.
Florence
Florence is regarded by some as the birthplace and earliest centre of the modern (post World War Two) fashion industry in Italy. The Florentine "soirées" of the early 1950s organized by Giovanni Battista Giorgini were events where several now-famous Italian designers participated in group shows and first garnered international attention.[16] Florence has served as the home of the Italian fashion company Salvatore Ferragamo since 1928. Gianfranco Lotti, Gucci, Roberto Cavalli, Ermanno Scervino, Stefano Ricci, Patrizia Pepe, Enrico Coveri and Emilio Pucci were also founded and most of them are still headquartered in Florence. Other major players in the fashion industry such as Prada and Chanel have large offices and stores in Florence or its outskirts. Florence's main upscale shopping street is Via de' Tornabuoni, where major luxury fashion houses and jewelry labels, such as Armani and Bulgari, have their elegant boutiques. Via del Parione and Via Roma are other streets that are also well known for their high-end fashion stores.[17]
Rome
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Palazzo_di_Malta_%28Roma%29.jpg/220px-Palazzo_di_Malta_%28Roma%29.jpg)
Rome is widely recognized as a world fashion capital. Although not as important as Milan, Rome is the world's 4th most important centre for fashion in the world, according to the 2009 Global Language Monitor after Milan, New York and Paris, and beating London.[18] Major Italian luxury fashion houses and jewelry chains, such as Valentino, Bulgari, Fendi, Laura Biagiotti, Gattinoni and Brioni, just to name a few, are headquartered in or were founded in the city. Also, other major labels, such as Chanel, Prada, Dolce & Gabbana, Armani and Versace have luxury boutiques in Rome, primarily along its prestigious and upscale Via dei Condotti. Rome Fashion Week is an important global showcase.
Other cities
Although Milan, Rome and Florence are commonly regarded as the leading cities in Italian fashion, other cities, such as Venice, Vicenza, Prato, Turin, Naples and Bologna, are also important centres for Italian clothing design and industry. Venice, for instance, is the home of Italian fashion house Roberta di Camerino, which was founded in 1945. The brand is famous for its handbags, and is most notably associated with the creation of the it bag, a form of handbag which is recognisable due to its status symbol.[19] Brands such as Max Mara and United Colors of Benetton, despite being major Italian brands, are not headquartered in Milan, Rome or Florence, yet, the former has its headquarters in Reggio Emilia,[20] and the latter in Ponzano Veneto. Italian holding OTB held by Renzo Rosso, owner of different ready-to-wear brands such as Diesel and also fashion houses like Marni, Dutch label Viktor & Rolf and Belgian Maison Margiela, is headquartered in the countryside near Vicenza in the region of Veneto. Italian companies Cesare Paciotti and also Tod's, owned by businessman Diego Della Valle (which produces luxury shoes, other leather goods and also clothes under the labels of Tod's itself, Roger Vivier, Hogan, Fay and haute couture brand Schiaparelli), Santoni, Bontoni are headquartered in the region of Marche, a very important manufacturing district for shoes and leather components in the Adriatic coast. Fashion houses Fabiana Filippi and Brunello Cucinelli's home is the region of Umbria and luxury brands Kiton and Harmont & Blaine were founded in Naples[21][22][23] which is also another prominent area of the country for the manufacturing of apparel and accessories (especially shoes and leather goods in general around the district of Solofra).
Fashion shows and fairs
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Milan_Fashion_Week_1.jpg/220px-Milan_Fashion_Week_1.jpg)
The Milan Fashion Week takes place twice a year after the London Fashion Week and before the Paris Fashion Week. It is scheduled as the third of the four most important and global international ready-to-wear fashion weeks of the calendar during the so-called fashion month. Dates are determined by the Camera Nazionale della Moda Italiana. Some of the locations where fashion shows are held are Milan's Palazzo Reale, Palazzo Serbelloni, Padiglione Visconti, Spazio delle Cavallerizze at Leonardo Da Vinci museum and many others.[24] Another prominent platform for men's collections and new projects in fashion industry is Pitti Immagine in Florence at the Fortezza da Basso, held twice a year.[25]
References
- ^ "Nicole Kipar's late 17th century Clothing History - Baroque Costumes". Archived from the original on 2009-12-01. Retrieved 2010-01-06.
- ^ "The birth of italian fashion". Archived from the original on 2011-10-16. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ a b "The Global Language Monitor » Fashion". Archived from the original on 2009-11-01. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ You searched for fashion capital – The Global Language Monitor
- ^ Get to Know the Young Winners of the 2020 International Talent Support Awards - Vogue 28.10.2020.
- ^ "Italian Fashion: Designers and Brands - Made-In-Italy.com". www.made-in-italy.com. 5 January 2011. Archived from the original on 14 July 2012. Retrieved 15 October 2009.
- ^ "Italian Fashion, Beauty and Style Magazines". Made-In-Italy.com. 7 January 2011.
- ^ "ITALIAN FASHION >> Italian Fashion Tips | ITALIAN FASHION Guide!". Archived from the original on 2011-08-16. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "WebMuseum: The Italian Renaissance (1420-1600)". www.ibiblio.org.
- ^ "HISTORY OF THE RENAISSANCE". www.historyworld.net.
- ^ "Italian Renaissance Fashion". www.renaissance-spell.com.
- ^ "Epoca n.95/1952" (PDF).
- ^ Fallaci – Mame Fashion Dictionary
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-05-14. Retrieved 2014-09-26.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "The Global Language Monitor » Fashion". Languagemonitor.com. 2011-08-20. Retrieved 2011-11-20.
- ^ "the birth of italian fashion". Gbgiorgini.it. Archived from the original on 16 October 2011. Retrieved 5 May 2009.
- ^ "Travel Guide to Florence". 11 November 2009. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2011.
- ^ "The Global Language Monitor » Fashion". Languagemonitor.com. 2009-07-20. Archived from the original on 2009-11-01. Retrieved 2009-10-17.
- ^ Patner, Josh (2006-02-26). "From Bags to Riches". The New York Times.
- ^ http://www.hoovers.com/company/Max_Mara_Fashion_Group_Srl/hksyhi-1.html [bare URL]
- ^ "Benetton Group - Corporate Website". www.benettongroup.com.
- ^ Limited, Mario Corporation. "Italian Fashion Wholesale clothing - apparel supplier in Italy". www.mariocorp.com.
{{cite web}}
:|last=
has generic name (help) - ^ "Italian brands distribution supply wholesale designer fashion luxury clothes - Italian Fashion buying house". www.italianbrandsdistribution.com.
- ^ "Milano Fashion Week: La Settimana della Moda che fa Tendenza!" (in Italian). 23 August 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2024.
- ^ List of Exhibitors accessed January 13, 2015
Further reading
- Martin, R. (1997). Gianni Versace. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN 9780870998423.
- Dagmar Reichardt, Moda Made in Italy. Il linguaggio della moda e del costume italiano, edited and with a preface by Dagmar Reichardt and Carmela D'Angelo (Ed.), presenting an interview with Dacia Maraini, Firenze, Franco Cesati Editore, (Civiltà italiana. Terza serie, no. 10), 2016, (ISBN 978-8876675768), 230 pp.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Made-In-Italy.com Official Website
- 25 Best Italian Fashion Brands - Italy Best Official Website