John Baker (general): Difference between revisions

John Stuart Baker
John Stuart Baker
Born	24 February 1936; Melbourne, Victoria
Died	9 July 2007 (aged 71); Canberra, Australian Capital Territory
Allegiance	Australien
Service/branch	Australian Army
Years of service	1954–1998
Rank	Allgemein
Commands	Chief of the Defence Force (1995–98); Vice Chief of the Defence Force (1992–95); Defence Intelligence Organisation (1990–92); Joint Intelligence Organisation (1989–90)
Battles/wars	Vietnam War
Awards	Companion of the Order of Australia; Distinguished Service Medal; Mentioned in Despatches; Commander of the Legion of Merit (United States); Commander of the Legion of Honor (Philippines); Distinguished Service Order (Singapore)

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General John Stuart Baker AC, DSM, FTSE (24 February 1936 – 9 July 2007) was a senior Australian Army officer. Entering the Royal Military College, Duntroon in 1954, his career culminated with his appointment as Chief of the Defence Force from 1995 to 1998, the most senior position in the Australian Defence Force.^[1] Baker also served as the inaugural Director of the Defence Intelligence Organisation from 1990 to 1992,^[2] Vice Chief of the Defence Force from 1992 to 1995, and was author of the highly influential 1988 "Baker Report".^[3]

Career

Baker entered the Royal Military College, Duntroon in 1954. On graduation in 1957, he was allotted to the Royal Australian Engineers and later completing a degree in civil engineering at the University of Melbourne.^[4]^[5]

Baker's first regimental posting was a one-year appointment in Papua New Guinea, and not long after he spent a year in Hawaii as an exchange officer. In 1970–1971 he was attached to the 1st Australian Civil Affairs Unit during the Vietnam War, where he was Mentioned in Despatches.^[5]^[6] He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1971, colonel in 1979, brigadier in 1982, major general in 1987, lieutenant general in 1992 and general in 1995.^[7]

The Baker Report

In 1987, the then Chief of the Defence Force, General Peter Gration, tasked the then Brigadier Baker to:^[8]

conduct a study of the existing ADF command arrangements in order to recommend further development to meet likely requirements into the 21st century for both low and high levels of operations.

One of the principal aims of this study was to determine the optimal command arrangements for ADF air power. The final report, commonly referred to as the Baker Report, was published in March 1988.^[3] Despite extensive reference being made to the command and control challenges posed by air power, Baker did not provide definitive guidance on how the ADF should structure its command arrangements to optimise the development and employment of air power. However, Chapter 7 of the report strongly advocated the creation of NORCOM,^[9] a recommendation that was soon adopted by the ADF.^[3]

"The Baker Report" remains the seminal work on command and control in the ADF.^{[citation needed]}

Honours and awards

	Companion of the Order of Australia (AC)	(1995)^[10]
	Officer of the Order of Australia (AO)	(1990)^[11]
	Member of the Order of Australia (AM)	(1980)^[12]
	Distinguished Service Medal (DSM)	(1998)^[13]
	Australian Active Service Medal 1945–1975 with clasp	Vietnam^[14]
	Vietnam Medal with oak leaf for Mention in Despatches	^[14]
	Australian Service Medal 1945–1975 with clasp	Papua New Guinea^[14]
	Centenary Medal	(2001)^[15]
	Defence Force Service Medal with Federation Star (5 clasps)	(40–44 years service)^[14]
	National Medal with clasp	(1977)^[16]^[17]
	Australian Defence Medal
	Army Commendation Medal (United States)	^[14]
	Vietnam Campaign Medal (South Vietnam)	^[14]
	Commander of the Legion of Merit (United States)	^[14]
	Commander of the Legion of Honor (Philippines)	^[14]
	Darjah Utama Bakti Cemerlang (Tentera) Distinguished Service Order (Military) (Singapore)	^[14]

Baker was a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering.^[18]

Portrait

During General Baker's tenure as Chief of Defence Force, the Royal Australian Engineers arranged for his portrait to be painted by leading Australian 20th century artist, Sir William Dargie.^[19] The portrait (1997) hangs at the RAE's School of Military Engineering in Sydney, but was also used at General Baker's funeral in Canberra at the Royal Military College, Duntroon in 2007.^[20]

General John Baker Complex – HQJOC

On 7 March 2009 the Prime Minister of Australia, Kevin Rudd, officially opened the "General John Baker Complex",^[21]^[22] housing the Headquarters Joint Operations Command (HQJOC) from which joint command of the Australian Defence Force is exercised by the Chief of Joint Operations (CJOPS). The complex is some 25 km from the national capital, Canberra, on the Kings Highway about half-way between the towns of Queanbeyan and Bungendore. After Mr Rudd named the complex, Mrs Margaret Baker unveiled a bronze bust of General Baker.^[21] The bust was sculpted by Hal Holman.^[23]

References

^ "Short biography (and service record) of General John Stuart Baker AC, DSM". MECC 200/07 (Press release). Department of Defence, Australian Government. 10 July 2007.
^ DIO Directors, www.defence.gov.au. (Quoted page no longer contains this information.) Archived 29 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine
^ ^a ^b ^c Baker, J.S. "A Study into the ADF Command Arrangements", 1988. Also referred to as "The Baker Report".
^ Former ADF chief General Baker dies^{[permanent dead link]}, The Australian, 9 July 2007. Retrieved 10 July 2007. ^{[dead link]}
^ ^a ^b ACM Angus Houston, CDF eulogy for General John Baker AC, DSM, 13 July 2007, www.defence.gov.au, accessed 31 March 2012.
^ Mention in Despatches. In 1970–1971 Baker "was project officer in the 1st Australian Civil Affairs Unit, where he was responsible for construction activities in Phuoc Tuy Province. In recognition of his work on this project, Major Baker was mentioned in dispatches. His citation reads that 'Despite the short planning time, an extended supply system, a mixed workforce and, subsequently, a curtailed completion time, Major Baker—by his technical ability and dedication—brought the project near to successful completion before his departure from Vietnam. Throughout his management of the complex and difficult task, Major Baker displayed devotion to duty, professional skill and leadership qualities of the highest order which reflected great credit upon himself, his Corps and the Australian Army'. Huston, "CDF eulogy", pg.2
^ Supporting Australian Defence, Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, November 1998. Archived 18 September 2006 at the Wayback Machine
^ Gration, P.C. "A Study into the ADF Command Arrangements — Terms of Reference", CDF 620/1987, 11 August 1987.
^ NORCOM, the ADF's Northern Command, was headquartered in Darwin.
^ Companion of the Order of Australia – Baker, John Stuart Archived 29 January 2019 at the Wayback Machine, 26 January 1995, Australian Honours Database (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.
Citation: In recognition of service to the RAA as Vice Chief of the Australian Defence Force.
^ Officer of the Order of Australia – Baker, John Stuart, 11 June 1990, Australian Honours Database (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.
Citation: In recognition of service to the RAA, particularly as Director Joint Intelligence Organisation.
^ Member of the Order of Australia – Baker, John Stuart, 26 January 1980, Australian Honours Database (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 31 March 2012.
Citation: FOR SERVICE AS DIRECTOR OF AIRCRAFT ENGINEERING, HEADQUARTERS LOGISTICS COMMAND.
^ Distinguished Service Medal – Baker, John Stuart, 3 June 1998, Australian Honours Database (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Medals and honours of General John Stuart Baker, AC, DSM, taken 13 July 2007 at his funeral service, accessed 26 August 2008.
^ Centenary Medal – Baker, John Stuart, 1 January 2001, Australian Honours Database (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.
Citation: For service to Australian society as Chief of the Australian Defence Force.
^ National Medal – Baker, John Stuart Archived 26 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine, 14 July 1977, Australian Honours Database (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.
^ National Medal, 1st Clasp – Baker, John Stuart, 17 September 1980, Australian Honours Database (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.
^ Former ADF chief General John Baker^{[permanent dead link]}, Focus, No. 146, September 2007, p.30, Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering (ATSE)
^ Portrait of GEN Baker by Sir William Dargie, 1977, Defence Image Library.
^ Funeral for Retired Chief of Defence Force General John Stuart Baker, AC, DSM, 13 July 2007, Australian Department of Defence, accessed 31 March 2012.
^ ^a ^b PM opens Joint Operations HQ, 7 March 2009, Australian Department of Defence
^ PM opens new Defence headquarters, 7 March 2009, ABC Online
^ Hal Holman website: Main page Archived 5 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine; Cast Metal sculpture Archived 9 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine; Biography.

Military offices
Preceded by Admiral Alan Beaumont	Chief of the Defence Force 1995–1998	Succeeded by Admiral Chris Barrie
Preceded by Vice Admiral Alan Beaumont	Vice Chief of the Defence Force 1992–1995	Succeeded by Vice Admiral Robert Walls
New office	Director of the Defence Intelligence Organisation 1990–1992	Succeeded by Major General John Hartley
Preceded by Paul Dibb	Director of the Joint Intelligence Organisation 1989–1990	Office replaced by Director of the Defence Intelligence Organisation

[ShortBio-1] "Short biography (and service record) of General John Stuart Baker AC, DSM". MECC 200/07 (Press release). Department of Defence, Australian Government. 10 July 2007.

[2] DIO Directors, www.defence.gov.au. (Quoted page no longer contains this information.) Archived 29 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine

[BakerReport-3] Baker, J.S. "A Study into the ADF Command Arrangements", 1988. Also referred to as "The Baker Report".

[4] Former ADF chief General Baker dies^{[permanent dead link]}, The Australian, 9 July 2007. Retrieved 10 July 2007. ^{[dead link]}

[Houston-5] ACM Angus Houston, CDF eulogy for General John Baker AC, DSM, 13 July 2007, www.defence.gov.au, accessed 31 March 2012.

[MID-6] Mention in Despatches. In 1970–1971 Baker "was project officer in the 1st Australian Civil Affairs Unit, where he was responsible for construction activities in Phuoc Tuy Province. In recognition of his work on this project, Major Baker was mentioned in dispatches. His citation reads that 'Despite the short planning time, an extended supply system, a mixed workforce and, subsequently, a curtailed completion time, Major Baker—by his technical ability and dedication—brought the project near to successful completion before his departure from Vietnam. Throughout his management of the complex and difficult task, Major Baker displayed devotion to duty, professional skill and leadership qualities of the highest order which reflected great credit upon himself, his Corps and the Australian Army'. Huston, "CDF eulogy", pg.2

[7] Supporting Australian Defence, Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, November 1998. Archived 18 September 2006 at the Wayback Machine

[8] Gration, P.C. "A Study into the ADF Command Arrangements — Terms of Reference", CDF 620/1987, 11 August 1987.

[9] NORCOM, the ADF's Northern Command, was headquartered in Darwin.

[AC-10] Companion of the Order of Australia – Baker, John Stuart Archived 29 January 2019 at the Wayback Machine, 26 January 1995, Australian Honours Database (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.
Citation: In recognition of service to the RAA as Vice Chief of the Australian Defence Force.

[AO-11] Officer of the Order of Australia – Baker, John Stuart, 11 June 1990, Australian Honours Database (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.
Citation: In recognition of service to the RAA, particularly as Director Joint Intelligence Organisation.

[AM-12] Member of the Order of Australia – Baker, John Stuart, 26 January 1980, Australian Honours Database (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 31 March 2012.
Citation: FOR SERVICE AS DIRECTOR OF AIRCRAFT ENGINEERING, HEADQUARTERS LOGISTICS COMMAND.

[13] Distinguished Service Medal – Baker, John Stuart, 3 June 1998, Australian Honours Database (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.

[honours-14] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Medals and honours of General John Stuart Baker, AC, DSM, taken 13 July 2007 at his funeral service, accessed 26 August 2008.

[CM-15] Centenary Medal – Baker, John Stuart, 1 January 2001, Australian Honours Database (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.
Citation: For service to Australian society as Chief of the Australian Defence Force.

[16] National Medal – Baker, John Stuart Archived 26 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine, 14 July 1977, Australian Honours Database (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.

[17] National Medal, 1st Clasp – Baker, John Stuart, 17 September 1980, Australian Honours Database (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.

[18] Former ADF chief General John Baker^{[permanent dead link]}, Focus, No. 146, September 2007, p.30, Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering (ATSE)

[19] Portrait of GEN Baker by Sir William Dargie, 1977, Defence Image Library.

[20] Funeral for Retired Chief of Defence Force General John Stuart Baker, AC, DSM, 13 July 2007, Australian Department of Defence, accessed 31 March 2012.

[opening-21] PM opens Joint Operations HQ, 7 March 2009, Australian Department of Defence

[22] PM opens new Defence headquarters, 7 March 2009, ABC Online

[23] Hal Holman website: Main page Archived 5 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine; Cast Metal sculpture Archived 9 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine; Biography.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Australian Army officer (1936–2007)}}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2014}}
 {{Use Australian English|date=February 2014}}
 {{Infobox military person
 |name= John Stuart Baker
-|image=
+|image= General John Baker.jpg
 |image_size=
 |alt=
@@ Line 13: / Line 14: @@
 |placeofburial=
 |nickname=
-|allegiance= {{flag|Australia}}
+|allegiance= Australia
 |branch= [[Australian Army]]
 |serviceyears= 1954–1998
@@ Line 19: / Line 20: @@
 |servicenumber=
 |unit=
-|commands= [[Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)|Chief of the Defence Force]] (1995–98)<br/>[[Vice Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)|Vice Chief of the Defence Force]] (1992–95)<br/>[[Defence Intelligence Organisation|Director Defence Intelligence Organisation]] (1989–90)
+|commands= [[Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)|Chief of the Defence Force]] (1995–98)<br />[[Vice Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)|Vice Chief of the Defence Force]] (1992–95)<br />[[Defence Intelligence Organisation]] (1990–92)<br />[[Defence Intelligence Organisation|Joint Intelligence Organisation]] (1989–90)
 |battles= [[Vietnam War]]
-|awards= [[Companion of the Order of Australia]]<br/>[[Distinguished Service Medal (Australia)|Distinguished Service Medal]]<br/>[[Mentioned in Despatches]]<br/>[[Legion of Merit|Commander of the Legion of Merit]] (United States)<br/>[[Philippine Legion of Honor|Commander of the Legion of Honor]] (Philippines)<br/>[[Darjah Utama Bakti Cemerlang (Tentera)|Distinguished Service Order]] (Singapore)
+|awards= [[Companion of the Order of Australia]]<br />[[Distinguished Service Medal (Australia)|Distinguished Service Medal]]<br />[[Mentioned in Despatches]]<br />[[Legion of Merit|Commander of the Legion of Merit]] (United States)<br />[[Philippine Legion of Honor|Commander of the Legion of Honor]] (Philippines)<br />[[Darjah Utama Bakti Cemerlang (Tentera)|Distinguished Service Order]] (Singapore)
 |relations=
 |laterwork=
 }}
+[[General (Australia)|General]] '''John Stuart Baker''' {{post-nominals|country=AUS|size=100%|sep=,|AC|DSM|FTSE}} (24 February 1936&nbsp;– 9 July 2007) was a senior [[Australian Army]] officer. Entering the [[Royal Military College, Duntroon]] in 1954, his career culminated with his appointment as [[Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)|Chief of the Defence Force]] from 1995 to 1998, the most senior position in the [[Australian Defence Force]].<ref name=ShortBio>{{cite press release |url=http://www.defence.gov.au/media/DepartmentalTpl.cfm?CurrentId=6848 |title=Short biography (and service record) of General John Stuart Baker AC, DSM |date=10 July 2007 |work=MECC 200/07 |publisher=[[Department of Defence (Australia)|Department of Defence]], Australian Government }}</ref> Baker also served as the inaugural Director of the [[Defence Intelligence Organisation]] from 1990 to 1992,<ref>[http://www.defence.gov.au/dio/about.html DIO Directors], www.defence.gov.au.  ''(Quoted page no longer contains this information.)'' {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070629182702/http://www.defence.gov.au/dio/about.html |date=29 June 2007 }}</ref> [[Vice Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)|Vice Chief of the Defence Force]] from 1992 to 1995, and was author of the highly influential 1988 "Baker Report".<ref name="BakerReport" />
+== Career ==
-[[General (Australia)|General]] '''John Stuart Baker''' {{post-nominals|country=AUS|AC|DSM|size=100%|sep=,}} (24 February 1936&nbsp;– 9 July 2007) was a senior [[Australian Army]] officer. Entering the [[Royal Military College, Duntroon]] in 1954, his career culminated with his appointment as [[Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)|Chief of the Defence Force]] from 1995 to 1998, the most senior position in the [[Australian Defence Force]].<ref name=ShortBio>[http://www.defence.gov.au/media/DepartmentalTpl.cfm?CurrentId=6848 Short biography (and service record) of General John Stuart Baker AC, DSM], 10 July 2007, Defence Media Release MECC 200/07, www.defence.gov.au</ref> Baker also served as the inaugural Director of the [[Defence Intelligence Organisation]] from 1990 to 1992,<ref>[http://www.defence.gov.au/dio/about.html DIO Directors], www.defence.gov.au. {{dead link|date=March 2012}} ''(Quoted page no longer contains this information.)''</ref> [[Vice Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)|Vice Chief of the Defence Force]] from 1992 to 1995, and was author of the highly influential 1988 "Baker Report".<ref name=BakerReport/>
+Baker entered the [[Royal Military College, Duntroon]] in 1954. On graduation in 1957, he was allotted to the [[Royal Australian Engineers]] and later completing a degree in [[civil engineering]] at the [[University of Melbourne]].<ref>[http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,22045082-1702,00.html Former ADF chief General Baker dies]{{Dead link|date=March 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ''[[The Australian]]'', 9 July 2007. Retrieved 10 July 2007. {{dead link|date=March 2012}}</ref><ref name=Houston>[[Air Chief Marshal (Australia)|ACM]] [[Angus Houston]], [http://www.defence.gov.au/media/download/2007/Jul/20070713/CDF_eulogy.pdf CDF eulogy for General John Baker AC, DSM], 13 July 2007, www.defence.gov.au, accessed 31 March 2012.</ref>
+Baker's first regimental posting was a one-year appointment in [[Papua New Guinea]], and not long after he spent a year in Hawaii as an exchange officer. In 1970–1971 he was attached to the [[1st Australian Civil Affairs Unit]] during the [[Vietnam War]], where he was [[Mentioned in Despatches]].<ref name="Houston" /><ref name=MID>[[Mention in Despatches]]. In 1970–1971 Baker "was project officer in the 1st Australian Civil Affairs Unit, where he was responsible for construction activities in Phuoc Tuy Province. In recognition of his work on this project, Major Baker was mentioned in dispatches. His citation reads that 'Despite the short planning time, an extended supply system, a mixed workforce and, subsequently, a curtailed completion time, Major Baker—by his technical ability and dedication—brought the project near to successful completion before his departure from Vietnam. Throughout his management of the complex and difficult task, Major Baker displayed devotion to duty, professional skill and leadership qualities of the highest order which reflected great credit upon himself, his Corps and the Australian Army'. Huston, "CDF eulogy", pg.2</ref> He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1971, colonel in 1979, brigadier in 1982, major general in 1987, lieutenant general in 1992 and general in 1995.<ref>[http://www.atse.org.au/index.php?sectionid=386 Supporting Australian Defence], Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, November 1998.  {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060918182518/http://www.atse.org.au/index.php?sectionid=386 |date=18 September 2006 }}</ref>
-==Career==
-Baker entered the [[Royal Military College, Duntroon]] in 1954. On graduation in 1957, he was allotted to the [[Royal Australian Engineers]] and later completing a degree in [[civil engineering]] at the [[University of Melbourne]].<ref>[http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,22045082-1702,00.html Former ADF chief General Baker dies], ''[[The Australian]]'', 9 July 2007. Retrieved 10 July 2007. {{dead link|date=March 2012}}</ref><ref name=Houston>[[Air Chief Marshal (Australia)|ACM]] [[Angus Houston]], [http://www.defence.gov.au/media/download/2007/Jul/20070713/CDF_eulogy.pdf CDF eulogy for General John Baker AC, DSM], 13 July 2007, www.defence.gov.au, accessed 31 March 2012.</ref>
+=== The Baker Report ===
-Baker's first regimental posting was a one-year appointment in [[Papua New Guinea]], and not long after he spent a year in Hawaii as an exchange officer. In 1970–1971 he was attached to the [[1st Australian Civil Affairs Unit]] during the [[Vietnam War]], where he was [[Mentioned in Despatches]].<ref name=Houston/><ref name=MID>[[Mention in Despatches]]. In 1970–1971 Baker "was project officer in the 1st Australian Civil Affairs Unit, where he was responsible for construction activities in Phuoc Tuy Province. In recognition of his work on this project, Major Baker was mentioned in dispatches. His citation reads that 'Despite the short planning time, an extended supply system, a mixed workforce and, subsequently, a curtailed completion time, Major Baker—by his technical ability and dedication—brought the project near to successful completion before his departure from Vietnam. Throughout his management of the complex and difficult task, Major Baker displayed devotion to duty, professional skill and leadership qualities of the highest order which reflected great credit upon himself, his Corps and the Australian Army'. Huston, "CDF eulogy", pg.2</ref> He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1971, colonel in 1979, brigadier in 1982, major general in 1987, lieutenant general in 1992 and general in 1995.<ref>[http://www.atse.org.au/index.php?sectionid=386 Supporting Australian Defence], Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, November 1998. {{dead link|date=March 2012}}</ref>
+In 1987, the then Chief of the Defence Force, General [[Peter Gration]], tasked the then Brigadier Baker to:<ref>Gration, P.C. "A Study into the ADF Command Arrangements&nbsp;— Terms of Reference", CDF 620/1987, 11 August 1987.</ref> {{quote|conduct a study of the existing ADF command arrangements in order to recommend further development to meet likely requirements into the 21st century for both low and high levels of operations.}} One of the principal aims of this study was to determine the optimal command arrangements for ADF air power. The final report, commonly referred to as the Baker Report, was published in March 1988.<ref name="BakerReport" /> Despite extensive reference being made to the command and control challenges posed by air power, Baker did not provide definitive guidance on how the ADF should structure its command arrangements to optimise the development and employment of air power. However, Chapter 7 of the report strongly advocated the creation of NORCOM,<ref>NORCOM, the ADF's Northern Command, was headquartered in Darwin.</ref> a recommendation that was soon adopted by the ADF.<ref name=BakerReport>Baker, J.S. "A Study into the ADF Command Arrangements", 1988. Also referred to as ''"The Baker Report"''.</ref>
-==The Baker Report==
-In 1987, the then Chief of the Defence Force, General [[Peter Gration]], tasked the then Brigadier Baker to:<ref>Gration, P.C. "A Study into the ADF Command Arrangements&nbsp;— Terms of Reference", CDF 620/1987, 11 August 1987.</ref> {{quote|conduct a study of the existing ADF command arrangements in order to recommend further development to meet likely requirements into the 21st century for both low and high levels of operations.}} One of the principal aims of this study was to determine the optimal command arrangements for ADF air power. The final report, commonly referred to as the Baker Report, was published in March 1988.<ref name=BakerReport/> Despite extensive reference being made to the command and control challenges posed by air power, Baker did not provide definitive guidance on how the ADF should structure its command arrangements to optimise the development and employment of air power. However, Chapter 7 of the report strongly advocated the creation of NORCOM,<ref>NORCOM, the ADF's Northern Command, was headquartered in Darwin.</ref> a recommendation that was soon adopted by the ADF.<ref name=BakerReport>Baker, J.S. "A Study into the ADF Command Arrangements", 1988. Also referred to as ''"The Baker Report"''.</ref>
 "The Baker Report" remains the seminal work on command and control in the ADF.{{citation needed|date=March 2012}}
-==Honours and awards==
+== Honours and awards ==
-<center>
+{{center|
 [[File:Order of Australia (Military) ribbon.png|100px]]
 [[File:DSM (Australia) ribbon.png|100px]]
 [[File:Australian Active Service Medal 1945-75 ribbon.png|100px]]
-[[File:Vietnam Medal BAR MID.png|100px]]
+[[File:Vietnam Medal BAR MID.svg|100px]]
 [[File:Australian Service Medal 1945-1975 ribbon.png|100px]]
-[[File:Centenary Medal (Australia) ribbon.png|100px]]
+[[File:AUS Centenary Medal ribbon.svg|100px]]
 [[File:DFSM with Fed Star.png|100px]]
@@ Line 53: / Line 53: @@
 [[File:Army Commendation Medal ribbon.svg|100px]]
-[[File:Vietnam Campaign Medal ribbon.png|100px]]
+[[File:Vietnam Campaign Medal ribbon with 60- clasp.svg|100px]]
 [[File:US Legion of Merit Commander ribbon.png|100px]]<!-- Yes, the name of the file does not match its contents -->
 [[File:Philippine Legion of Honor (Commander) ribbon.png|100px]]
 [[File:Darjah Utama Bakti Cemerlang (Tentera) ribbon.png|100px]]
+}}
-</center>
 {| class="wikitable"
+|rowspan=3|[[File:Order of Australia (Military) ribbon.png|50px]] || [[Companion of the Order of Australia]] (AC) || (1995)<ref name=AC>[https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/879171 Companion of the Order of Australia – Baker, John Stuart] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129122901/https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/879171 |date=29 January 2019 }}, 26 January 1995, ''Australian Honours Database'' (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.<br />Citation: ''In recognition of service to the RAA as Vice Chief of the Australian Defence Force.''</ref>
 |-
-|rowspan=3|[[File:Order of Australia (Military) ribbon.png|50px]] || [[Companion of the Order of Australia]] (AC) || (1995)<ref name=AC>[http://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=879171&search_type=quick&showInd=true Companion of the Order of Australia – Baker, John Stuart], 26 January 1995, ''Australian Honours Database'' (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.<br>Citation: ''In recognition of service to the RAA as Vice Chief of the Australian Defence Force.''</ref>
+| Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) || (1990)<ref name=AO>[https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/879197 Officer of the Order of Australia – Baker, John Stuart], 11 June 1990, ''Australian Honours Database'' (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.<br />Citation: ''In recognition of service to the RAA, particularly as Director Joint Intelligence Organisation.''</ref>
 |-
-| Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) || (1990)<ref name=AO>[http://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=879197&search_type=quick&showInd=true Officer of the Order of Australia – Baker, John Stuart], 11 June 1990, ''Australian Honours Database'' (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.<br>Citation: ''In recognition of service to the RAA, particularly as Director Joint Intelligence Organisation.''</ref>
+| Member of the Order of Australia (AM) || (1980)<ref name=AM>[https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/879417 Member of the Order of Australia – Baker, John Stuart], 26 January 1980, ''Australian Honours Database'' (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 31 March 2012.<br />Citation: ''FOR SERVICE AS DIRECTOR OF AIRCRAFT ENGINEERING, HEADQUARTERS LOGISTICS COMMAND.''</ref>
 |-
-| Member of the Order of Australia (AM) || (1980)<ref name=AM>[http://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=879417&search_type=simple&showInd=true Member of the Order of Australia – Baker, John Stuart], 26 January 1980, ''Australian Honours Database'' (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 31 March 2012.<br>Citation: ''FOR SERVICE AS DIRECTOR OF AIRCRAFT ENGINEERING, HEADQUARTERS LOGISTICS COMMAND.''</ref>
+|[[File:DSM (Australia) ribbon.png|50px]] || [[Distinguished Service Medal (Australia)|Distinguished Service Medal]] (DSM) || (1998)<ref>[https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/917162 Distinguished Service Medal – Baker, John Stuart], 3 June 1998, ''Australian Honours Database'' (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.</ref>
 |-
+|[[File:Australian Active Service Medal 1945-75 ribbon.png|50px]] || [[Australian Active Service Medal 1945–1975]] with clasp || [[Australian Active Service Medal 1945–1975#VIETNAM|Vietnam]]<ref name="honours" />
-|[[File:DSM (Australia) ribbon.png|50px]] || [[Distinguished Service Medal (Australia)|Distinguished Service Medal]] (DSM) || (1998)<ref>[http://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=917162&search_type=quick&showInd=true Distinguished Service Medal – Baker, John Stuart], 3 June 1998, ''Australian Honours Database'' (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.</ref>
 |-
-|[[File:Australian Active Service Medal 1945-75 ribbon.png|50px]] || [[Australian Active Service Medal 1945-1975]] with clasp || [[Australian Active Service Medal 1945–1975#VIETNAM|Vietnam]]<ref name="honours"/>
+|[[File:Vietnam Medal BAR MID.svg|50px]] || [[Vietnam Medal]] with oak leaf for [[Mention in Despatches]] ||<ref name="honours" />
 |-
-|[[File:Vietnam Medal BAR MID.png|50px]] || [[Vietnam Medal]] with oak leaf for [[Mention in Despatches]] (Note 1) ||<ref name="honours"/>
+|[[File:Australian Service Medal 1945-1975 ribbon.png|50px]] || [[Australian Service Medal 1945–1975]] with clasp || [[Australian Service Medal 1945–1975#PNG|Papua New Guinea]]<ref name="honours" />
 |-
+|[[File:AUS Centenary Medal ribbon.svg|50px]] || [[Centenary Medal]] || (2001)<ref name=CM>[https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/1127026 Centenary Medal – Baker, John Stuart], 1 January 2001, ''Australian Honours Database'' (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.<br />Citation: ''For service to Australian society as Chief of the Australian Defence Force.''</ref>
-|[[File:Australian Service Medal 1945-1975 ribbon.png|50px]] || [[Australian Service Medal 1945-1975]] with clasp || [[Australian Service Medal 1945–1975#PNG|Papua New Guinea]]<ref name="honours"/>
 |-
+|[[File:DFSM with Fed Star.png|50px]] || [[Defence Force Service Medal]] with Federation Star (5 clasps) || (40–44 years service)<ref name="honours" />
-|[[File:Centenary Medal (Australia) ribbon.png|50px]] || [[Centenary Medal]] || (2001)<ref name=CM>[http://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=1127026&search_type=simple&showInd=true Centenary Medal – Baker, John Stuart], 1 January 2001, ''Australian Honours Database'' (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.<br>Citation: ''For service to Australian society as Chief of the Australian Defence Force.''</ref>
 |-
+|[[File:National Medal with Rosette.png|50px]] || [[National Medal (Australia)|National Medal]] with clasp || (1977)<ref>[https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/907737 National Medal – Baker, John Stuart] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926220025/http://itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=907737&search_type=quick&showInd=true |date=26 September 2007 }}, 14 July 1977, ''Australian Honours Database'' (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.</ref><ref>[https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/907709 National Medal, 1st Clasp – Baker, John Stuart], 17 September 1980, ''Australian Honours Database'' (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.</ref>
-|[[File:DFSM with Fed Star.png|50px]] || [[Defence Force Service Medal]] with Federation Star (5 clasps) || (40–44 years service)<ref name="honours"/>
-|-
-|[[File:National Medal with Rosette.png|50px]] || [[National Medal (Australia)|National Medal]] with clasp || (1977)<ref>[http://itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=907737&search_type=quick&showInd=true National Medal – Baker, John Stuart], 14 July 1977, ''Australian Honours Database'' (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.</ref><ref>[http://itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=907709&search_type=quick&showInd=true National Medal, 1st Clasp – Baker, John Stuart], 17 September 1980, ''Australian Honours Database'' (itsanhonour.gov.au), accessed 12 December 2006.</ref>
 |-
 |[[File:Australian Defence Medal (Australia) ribbon.png|50px]] || [[Australian Defence Medal]] ||
@@ Line 85: / Line 84: @@
 | [[File:Army Commendation Medal ribbon.svg|50px]] || [[Commendation Medal|Army Commendation Medal]] (United States) ||<ref name="honours">[http://www.defence.gov.au/media/download/2007/Jul/20070713/20070713adf8246638_393_lo.jpg Medals and honours of General John Stuart Baker, AC, DSM], taken 13 July 2007 at his funeral service, accessed 26 August 2008.</ref>
 |-
-|[[File:Vietnam Campaign Medal ribbon.png|50px]] || [[Vietnam Campaign Medal]] (South Vietnam) ||<ref name="honours"/>
+|[[File:Vietnam Campaign Medal ribbon with 60- clasp.svg|50px]] || [[Vietnam Campaign Medal]] (South Vietnam) ||<ref name="honours" />
 |-
-| [[File:US Legion of Merit Commander ribbon.png|50px]]<!-- Yes, the name of the file does not match its contents --> || [[Legion of Merit|Commander of the Legion of Merit]] (United States) ||<ref name="honours"/>
+| [[File:US Legion of Merit Commander ribbon.png|50px]]<!-- Yes, the name of the file does not match its contents --> || [[Legion of Merit|Commander of the Legion of Merit]] (United States) ||<ref name="honours" />
 |-
-| [[File:Philippine Legion of Honor (Commander) ribbon.png|50px]] || [[Philippine Legion of Honor|Commander of the Legion of Honor]] (Philippines) ||<ref name="honours"/>
+| [[File:Philippine Legion of Honor (Commander) ribbon.png|50px]] || [[Philippine Legion of Honor|Commander of the Legion of Honor]] (Philippines) ||<ref name="honours" />
 |-
-| [[File:Darjah Utama Bakti Cemerlang (Tentera) ribbon.png|50px]] || [[Darjah Utama Bakti Cemerlang (Tentera)]] ''Distinguished Service Order (Military)'' (Singapore) ||<ref name="honours"/>
+| [[File:Darjah Utama Bakti Cemerlang (Tentera) ribbon.png|50px]] || [[Darjah Utama Bakti Cemerlang (Tentera)]] ''Distinguished Service Order (Military)'' (Singapore) ||<ref name="honours" />
 |}
+Baker was a [[Fellow of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering]].<ref>[https://www.atse.org.au/Documents/fohttps://www.atse.org.au/Documents/focus/146-emissions-trading.pdfcus/146-emissions-trading.pdf Former ADF chief General John Baker]{{Dead link|date=March 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ''Focus'', No. 146, September 2007, p.30, Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering (ATSE)</ref>
-==Portrait==
+=== Portrait ===
 During General Baker's tenure as Chief of Defence Force, the [[Royal Australian Engineers]] arranged for his portrait to be painted by leading Australian 20th century artist, Sir [[William Dargie]].<ref>[http://www.defence.gov.au/media/download/2007/Jul/20070710/General%20Baker%20_%20e01_lo.jpg Portrait of GEN Baker by Sir William Dargie], 1977, Defence Image Library.</ref>  The portrait (1997) hangs at the RAE's School of Military Engineering in Sydney, but was also used at General Baker's funeral in Canberra at the [[Royal Military College, Duntroon]] in 2007.<ref>[http://www.defence.gov.au/media/download/2007/Jul/20070713/index.htm Funeral for Retired Chief of Defence Force General John Stuart Baker, AC, DSM], 13 July 2007, [[Australian Department of Defence]], accessed 31 March 2012.</ref>
-==General John Baker Complex – HQJOC==
+=== General John Baker Complex – HQJOC ===
-On 7 March 2009 the [[Prime Minister of Australia]], [[Kevin Rudd]], officially opened the "General John Baker Complex",<ref name="opening">[http://www.defence.gov.au/media/download/2009/mar/20090307/index.htm PM opens Joint Operations HQ], 7 March 2009, [[Australian Department of Defence]]</ref><ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/03/07/2510132.htm PM opens new Defence headquarters], 7 March 2009, [[ABC Online]]</ref> housing the [[Headquarters Joint Operations Command (Australia)|Headquarters Joint Operations Command]] (HQJOC) from which joint command of the [[Australian Defence Force]] is exercised by the [[Chief of Joint Operations (Australia)|Chief of Joint Operations]] (CJOPS). The complex is some 25&nbsp;km from the national capital, [[Canberra, Australian Capital Territory|Canberra]], on the [[Kings Highway, Australia|Kings Highway]] about half-way between the towns of [[Queanbeyan, New South Wales|Queanbeyan]] and [[Bungendore, New South Wales|Bungendore]]. After Mr Rudd named the complex, Mrs Margaret Baker unveilled a bronze bust of General Baker.<ref name="opening"/> The bust was sculpted by [[Hal Holman]].<ref>Hal Holman website: [http://www.halholman.com.au/halholman.htm Main page]; [http://www.halholman.com.au/sculptor_cast.htm Cast Metal sculpture]; [http://www.halholman.com.au/halholman2.htm Biography].</ref>
+On 7 March 2009 the [[Prime Minister of Australia]], [[Kevin Rudd]], officially opened the "General John Baker Complex",<ref name="opening">[http://www.defence.gov.au/media/download/2009/mar/20090307/index.htm PM opens Joint Operations HQ], 7 March 2009, [[Australian Department of Defence]]</ref><ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/03/07/2510132.htm PM opens new Defence headquarters], 7 March 2009, [[ABC Online]]</ref> housing the [[Headquarters Joint Operations Command (Australia)|Headquarters Joint Operations Command]] (HQJOC) from which joint command of the [[Australian Defence Force]] is exercised by the [[Chief of Joint Operations (Australia)|Chief of Joint Operations]] (CJOPS). The complex is some 25&nbsp;km from the national capital, [[Canberra, Australian Capital Territory|Canberra]], on the [[Kings Highway, Australia|Kings Highway]] about half-way between the towns of [[Queanbeyan, New South Wales|Queanbeyan]] and [[Bungendore, New South Wales|Bungendore]]. After Mr Rudd named the complex, Mrs Margaret Baker unveiled a bronze bust of General Baker.<ref name="opening" /> The bust was sculpted by [[Hal Holman]].<ref>Hal Holman website: [http://www.halholman.com.au/halholman.htm Main page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305161915/http://www.halholman.com.au/halholman.htm |date=5 March 2012 }}; [http://www.halholman.com.au/sculptor_cast.htm Cast Metal sculpture] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111209055640/http://www.halholman.com.au/sculptor_cast.htm |date=9 December 2011 }}; [https://web.archive.org/web/20110822000507/http://www.halholman.com.au/halholman2.htm Biography].</ref>
-==References==
+== References ==
-{{reflist|30em}}
+{{reflist}}
 {{s-start}}
 {{s-mil}}
+{{s-bef|before=Admiral [[Alan Beaumont]]}}
-{{succession box|
- title=[[Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)|Chief of the Defence Force]]|
+{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)|Chief of the Defence Force]]|years=1995–1998}}
- before=Admiral [[Alan Beaumont]]|
+{{s-aft|after=Admiral [[Chris Barrie (Admiral)|Chris Barrie]]}}
+|-
- after=Admiral [[Chris Barrie (Admiral)|Chris Barrie]]|
+{{s-bef|before=Vice Admiral Alan Beaumont}}
- years=1995–1998|
+{{s-ttl|title=[[Vice Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)|Vice Chief of the Defence Force]]|years=1992–1995}}
-}}
+{{s-aft|after=Vice Admiral [[Robert Walls (admiral)|Robert Walls]]}}
-{{succession box |
+|-
- title=[[Vice Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)|Vice Chief of the Defence Force]] |
+{{s-new|office}}
- before=Vice Admiral [[Alan Beaumont]]|
+{{s-ttl|title=[[Defence Intelligence Organisation|Director of the Defence Intelligence Organisation]]|years=1990–1992}}
- after=Vice Admiral [[Robert Walls (admiral)|Robert Walls]]|
+{{s-aft|after=Major General [[John Hartley (general)|John Hartley]]}}
- years=1992–1995|
+|-
-}}
+{{s-bef|before=[[Paul Dibb]]}}
+{{s-ttl|title=[[Defence Intelligence Organisation|Director of the Joint Intelligence Organisation]]|years=1989–1990}}
+{{s-non|reason=Office replaced by Director of the Defence Intelligence Organisation}}
 {{s-end}}
@@ Line 122: / Line 126: @@
 {{Vice Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)}}
+{{authority control}}
-{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
-| NAME              = Baker, John
-| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Baker, John Stuart (full name)
-| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Australian army general
-| DATE OF BIRTH     = 24 February 1936
-| PLACE OF BIRTH    = Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
-| DATE OF DEATH     = 9 July 2007
-| PLACE OF DEATH    = Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
-}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Baker, John}}
 [[Category:1936 births]]
 [[Category:2007 deaths]]
+[[Category:Royal Australian Engineers officers]]
 [[Category:Australian generals]]
 [[Category:Australian military personnel of the Vietnam War]]
@@ Line 141: / Line 139: @@
 [[Category:Military personnel from Melbourne]]
 [[Category:People educated at Parade College]]
-[[Category:Recipients of the Centenary Medal]]
 [[Category:Recipients of the Darjah Utama Bakti Cemerlang (Tentera)]]
 [[Category:Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (Australia)]]
@@ Line 148: / Line 145: @@
 [[Category:University of Melbourne alumni]]
 [[Category:Vice Chiefs of the Defence Force (Australia)]]
-[[Category:Recipients of the Federation Star]]
+[[Category:Fellows of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering]]
+[[Category:Australian military engineers]]

v t e Chiefs of the Defence Force
Chairman, Chiefs of Staff Committee	Sir Henry Wells Sir Roy Dowling Sir Frederick Scherger Sir John Wilton Sir Victor Smith Francis Hassett
Chief of Defence Force Staff	Sir Francis Hassett Sir Arthur MacDonald Sir Anthony Synnot Sir Neville McNamara Sir Phillip Bennett
Chief of the Defence Force	Sir Phillip Bennett Peter Gration Alan Beaumont John Baker Chris Barrie Peter Cosgrove Angus Houston David Hurley Mark Binskin Angus Campbell