Battle of Martqopi: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|1625 battle}} |
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{{Infobox military conflict |
{{Infobox military conflict |
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|image= |
| image = |
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|caption= |
| caption = |
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|conflict=Battle of Martqopi |
| conflict = Battle of Martqopi |
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|date= |
| date = 25 March 1625 |
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|place=Near [[Martqopi]] |
| place = Near [[Martqopi]] |
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|result |
| result = [[Kingdom of Kartli|Georgian]] victory |
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| territory = Georgians capture [[Tbilisi]] |
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|combatant1= Georgian Rebels |
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| combatant1 = [[Kingdom of Kartli]]<br>[[Kingdom of Kakheti]] |
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|combatant2=[[Safavid Empire]] |
| combatant2 = [[Safavid Empire]] |
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|commander1=[[Giorgi Saakadze]] |
| commander1 = [[Giorgi Saakadze]]<br>[[Zurab Eristavi]] |
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|commander2=[[Qarachaqay Khan]] |
| commander2 = [[Qarachaqay Khan]] {{KIA}} |
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|strength1=unknown |
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| strength1 = Unknown |
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|strength2=unknown |
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| strength2 = 30,000<ref name="orthge">[http://www.orthodoxy.ge/tveni/agvisto/03-9dzma.htm]''"ოცდაათი ათასი სპარსელიდან მხოლოდ სამი ათასი გადაურჩა სიკვდილს."''</ref>{{Sfn|History of Georgia|2012|p=216}} |
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|casualties1=unknown |
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| casualties1 = Unknown |
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|casualties2=unknown}} |
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| casualties2 = 27,000<ref name="orthge"/>{{Sfn|History of Georgia|2012|p=216}} |
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}} |
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{{Campaignbox Georgian-Safavid Wars}} |
{{Campaignbox Georgian-Safavid Wars}} |
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The '''Battle of Martqopi''' ({{lang-ka|მარტყოფის ბრძოლა}}) was a 1625 military confrontation between [[Georgia (country)| |
The '''Battle of Martqopi''' ({{lang-ka|მარტყოფის ბრძოლა}}) was a 1625 military confrontation between the [[Georgia (country)|Georgian]] Kingdoms of [[Kingdom of Kartli|Kartli]] and [[Kingdom of Kakheti|Kakheti]] and [[Safavid]] [[Iran]].{{Sfn|History of Georgia|2012|p=215}} The Georgians, led by general [[Giorgi Saakadze]], annihilated an Iranian detachment of [[Abbas I of Persia|Shah-Abbas I]]. |
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In spring 1625, in order to avoid a forthcoming revolt, Shah-Abbas I sent his troops into Georgia under the orders of |
In spring 1625, in order to avoid a forthcoming revolt, Shah-Abbas I sent his troops into Georgia under the orders of [[Qarachaqay Khan]]. He attempted to carry out the policy of wholesale massacre and deportation in [[Kartli]]. Apparently, the Shah did not fully trust Giorgi as he took his son Paata hostage, after appointing Giorgi the adviser to the Persian general. By the side of Giorgi in the army of the enemy, there was another son of his, Avtandil. Upon Giorgi's advice, Qarachaqay Khan dispatched most of his troops to different parts of [[Javakheti]], caused them disperse and made them easier to defeat. The Georgians owe their success to the preparations carried out by commander-in-chief Saakadze. According to the plans of the leaders of the revolt, the Georgians were to assault the enemy camp earlier than planned; Saakadze and his entourage were to slaughter the commanders of the Persian army. At dawn on 25 March, Annunciation, the joint Kartlian and Kakhetian troops approached the enemy's camp. Hearing the noise, the guards gave alarm. All Persian commanders gathered in Qarachaqay Khan's tent and also summoned Giorgi. Giorgi killed Qarachaqay Khan with help of his son, while Avtandil took the life of Qarachaqay's son. It did not take long for Giorgi and his entourage to slaughter the stunned Persian commanders. The rest of the Georgians under their second commander [[Zurab Eristavi]], encroached upon the confused enemy who were left without any guidance at that time. After a fierce and bloody massacre throughout the evening, the Georgians won a crushing victory. The data about the Martqopi battle are given in “[[The Georgian Chronicles|the Life of Kartli]]” and by a Turkish chronicler [[Mustafa Naima]] of the 17th century. In the aftermath of the battle, the Georgians took [[Tbilisi]] and drove the Persians out of other regions, while half of the Shah's army which did not take part in the battle, still remained combat effective.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120422110106/http://www.friendsofgeorgia.com/En/georgia/history/chapter_6 Battles at Martqopi and Marabda]</ref>{{Sfn|History of Georgia|2012|p=216}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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==Sources== |
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* {{Cite book |last1=Lortkipanidze |first1=Mariam |url=https://iverieli.nplg.gov.ge/handle/1234/71580 |
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|title=History of Georgia in four volumes, vol. II - History of Georgia from the 13th century to the 19th century |last2=Japaridze |first2=Otar |last3=Muskhelishvili |first3=David |last4=Metreveli |first4=Roin |year=2012 |isbn=978-9941-19-407-8 |location=Tbilisi |publisher=National Academy of Sciences of Georgia |ref={{sfnref|History of Georgia|2012}} }} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{coord|41|47|17|N|45|1|11|E|display=title}} |
{{coord|41|47|17|N|45|1|11|E|display=title}} |
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[[Category:Battles involving |
[[Category:Battles involving the Kingdom of Kartli|Martqopi]] |
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[[Category:Conflicts in 1625]] |
[[Category:Conflicts in 1625|Martqopi]] |
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[[Category:1625 in Europe]] |
[[Category:1625 in Europe]] |
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[[Category:Battles involving |
[[Category:Battles involving Safavid Iran|Martqopi]] |
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[[Category:17th century in Georgia (country)]] |
[[Category:17th century in Georgia (country)]] |
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[[Category:1620s in Iran]] |
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{{Battle-stub}} |
{{Battle-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 12:39, 5 July 2024
| Battle of Martqopi | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
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Kingdom of Kartli Kingdom of Kakheti | Safavid Empire | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
Giorgi Saakadze Zurab Eristavi | Qarachaqay Khan † | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| Unknown | 30,000[1][2] | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| Unknown | 27,000[1][2] | ||||||||
The Battle of Martqopi (Georgian: მარტყოფის ბრძოლა) was a 1625 military confrontation between the Georgian Kingdoms of Kartli and Kakheti and Safavid Iran.[5] The Georgians, led by general Giorgi Saakadze, annihilated an Iranian detachment of Shah-Abbas I.
In spring 1625, in order to avoid a forthcoming revolt, Shah-Abbas I sent his troops into Georgia under the orders of Qarachaqay Khan. He attempted to carry out the policy of wholesale massacre and deportation in Kartli. Apparently, the Shah did not fully trust Giorgi as he took his son Paata hostage, after appointing Giorgi the adviser to the Persian general. By the side of Giorgi in the army of the enemy, there was another son of his, Avtandil. Upon Giorgi's advice, Qarachaqay Khan dispatched most of his troops to different parts of Javakheti, caused them disperse and made them easier to defeat. The Georgians owe their success to the preparations carried out by commander-in-chief Saakadze. According to the plans of the leaders of the revolt, the Georgians were to assault the enemy camp earlier than planned; Saakadze and his entourage were to slaughter the commanders of the Persian army. At dawn on 25 March, Annunciation, the joint Kartlian and Kakhetian troops approached the enemy's camp. Hearing the noise, the guards gave alarm. All Persian commanders gathered in Qarachaqay Khan's tent and also summoned Giorgi. Giorgi killed Qarachaqay Khan with help of his son, while Avtandil took the life of Qarachaqay's son. It did not take long for Giorgi and his entourage to slaughter the stunned Persian commanders. The rest of the Georgians under their second commander Zurab Eristavi, encroached upon the confused enemy who were left without any guidance at that time. After a fierce and bloody massacre throughout the evening, the Georgians won a crushing victory. The data about the Martqopi battle are given in “the Life of Kartli” and by a Turkish chronicler Mustafa Naima of the 17th century. In the aftermath of the battle, the Georgians took Tbilisi and drove the Persians out of other regions, while half of the Shah's army which did not take part in the battle, still remained combat effective.[6][2]
References
[edit]- ^ a b [1]"ოცდაათი ათასი სპარსელიდან მხოლოდ სამი ათასი გადაურჩა სიკვდილს."
- ^ a b c History of Georgia 2012, p. 216.
- ^ Rayfield, Donald. (2012). Edge of Empires, a History of Georgia. London: Reaktion Books. p. 219.
- ^ Rayfield, Donald. (2012). Edge of Empires, a History of Georgia. London: Reaktion Books. p. 226.
- ^ History of Georgia 2012, p. 215.
- ^ Battles at Martqopi and Marabda
Sources
[edit]- Lortkipanidze, Mariam; Japaridze, Otar; Muskhelishvili, David; Metreveli, Roin (2012). History of Georgia in four volumes, vol. II - History of Georgia from the 13th century to the 19th century. Tbilisi: National Academy of Sciences of Georgia. ISBN 978-9941-19-407-8.
External links
[edit]41°47′17″N 45°1′11″E / 41.78806°N 45.01972°E
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