Andarig: Difference between revisions
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'''Andarig''' or '''Andariq''' was a [[Middle Bronze Age]] kingdom in the [[Sinjar plain|Sinjar Plain]] region of [[Upper Mesopotamia|northern Mesopotamia]], located between the [[Khabur (Euphrates)|Habur]] and [[Tigris]] river. It is mentioned several times in the documents found in [[Mari, Syria|Mari]]. Andarig was one of the largest and most powerful kingdoms in the region. It was the most important holding of the [[Amorites|Amorite]] |
'''Andarig''' or '''Andariq''' was a [[Middle Bronze Age]] kingdom in the [[Sinjar plain|Sinjar Plain]] region of [[Upper Mesopotamia|northern Mesopotamia]], located between the [[Khabur (Euphrates)|Habur]] and [[Tigris]] river. It is mentioned several times in the documents found in [[Mari, Syria|Mari]]. Andarig was one of the largest and most powerful kingdoms in the region. It was the most important holding of the [[Amorites|Amorite]] Yamutbal tribe. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Kingdoms of Mesopotamia - Andarig|url=https://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsMiddEast/MesopotamiaAndarig.htm|access-date=2020-06-08|website=www.historyfiles.co.uk}}</ref> |
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== Qarni-Lim == |
== Qarni-Lim == |
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Qarni-Lim was the first known King of Andarig, who ruled from 1770–1766 B.C.E. He conquered [[Apum]], and put his son Zuzu in charge of it, although Zuzu died shortly after falling off the city wall. After that, Qarni-Lim lost Apum to [[Elam]]. Qarni-Lim was initially an ally of [[Eshnunna]] but later sided with the [[List of kings of Mari|Mariote King]], [[Zimri-Lim]]. Who he later got into a feud with, resulting in a siege of the city. Andarig later voluntary become a vassal of the |
Qarni-Lim was the first known King of Andarig, who ruled from 1770–1766 B.C.E. He conquered [[Apum]], and put his son Zuzu in charge of it, although Zuzu died shortly after falling off the city wall. After that, Qarni-Lim lost Apum to [[Elam]]. Qarni-Lim was initially an ally of [[Eshnunna]] but later sided with the [[List of kings of Mari|Mariote King]], [[Zimri-Lim]]. Who he later got into a feud with, resulting in a siege of the city. Andarig later voluntary become a vassal of the Elamite [[Shamshi-Adad I|Shamshi-Adad]], which led to a revolution in the city resulting in the assassination of Qarni-Lim, who was beheaded in 1766.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Bryce|first=Trevor|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AwwNS0diXP4C&q=Andarig&pg=PA45|title=The Routledge Handbook of the Peoples and Places of Ancient Western Asia: The Near East from the Early Bronze Age to the fall of the Persian Empire|date=2009-09-10|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-15907-9|pages=45|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Heimpel|first=Wolfgang|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tiHwDe7JmCEC&q=Andarig&pg=PA606|title=Letters to the King of Mari: A New Translation, with Historical Introduction, Notes, and Commentary|date=2003|publisher=Eisenbrauns|isbn=978-1-57506-080-4|pages=606|language=en}}</ref> |
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== Atamrum == |
== Atamrum == |
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== Buriya/Burija == |
== Buriya/Burija == |
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He is attested as sender of 10 letters to his "brother" Till-Abnu and |
He is attested as sender of 10 letters to his "brother" Till-Abnu, ruler of [[Apum]] and appears as a king of Andarig.<ref>Veenhof, Veenhof, Eidem () Mesopotamia: The Old Assyrian Period, p. 294</ref> The chronology is not given. Till-Abnu received letters from several rulers including Astamar-Adad of Kurda and Mutija. Astamar-Adad was allied with Mutija and Sepallu against Andarig and Razama. Burija was allied with Hazip-Tessup of Razama (Tell al-Hawa?). |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Latest revision as of 23:00, 6 July 2024
Andarig or Andariq was a Middle Bronze Age kingdom in the Sinjar Plain region of northern Mesopotamia, located between the Habur and Tigris river. It is mentioned several times in the documents found in Mari. Andarig was one of the largest and most powerful kingdoms in the region. It was the most important holding of the Amorite Yamutbal tribe. [1]
Qarni-Lim
[edit]Qarni-Lim was the first known King of Andarig, who ruled from 1770–1766 B.C.E. He conquered Apum, and put his son Zuzu in charge of it, although Zuzu died shortly after falling off the city wall. After that, Qarni-Lim lost Apum to Elam. Qarni-Lim was initially an ally of Eshnunna but later sided with the Mariote King, Zimri-Lim. Who he later got into a feud with, resulting in a siege of the city. Andarig later voluntary become a vassal of the Elamite Shamshi-Adad, which led to a revolution in the city resulting in the assassination of Qarni-Lim, who was beheaded in 1766.[2][3]
Atamrum
[edit]Following the death of Qarni-Lim, troops from Eshnunna occupied Andarig and gave the throne to the populist leader Atamrum the son of Warad-Sim, king of Allahad. Andarig became independent under its new King who aligned himself with the Elamite King who had just launched a major offensive in Mesopotamia in 1765. Following this, Atamrum once again allied himself with Zimri-Lim who helped him take the city of Razama. Although any alliance with Mari ended when the kingdom was conquered by Hammurabi.[2] [3]
Himdiya
[edit]After Atamrum died, his son Himdiya (Himdija) succeeded him. He established an alliance with Hazi-Teshub, the King of Razama in opposition to a bloc formed by Mutiya and Shtamar-Adad the kings of Apum and Kurda respectively. Himdiya conquered Apum and ruled it for two years, however he was later defeated by Kurda, who incorporated Andrig into their kingdom. Andarig finally came to an end when it was conquered by Hammurabi and ruled by his vassal Aqba-Hammu.[2] [3]
Buriya/Burija
[edit]He is attested as sender of 10 letters to his "brother" Till-Abnu, ruler of Apum and appears as a king of Andarig.[4] The chronology is not given. Till-Abnu received letters from several rulers including Astamar-Adad of Kurda and Mutija. Astamar-Adad was allied with Mutija and Sepallu against Andarig and Razama. Burija was allied with Hazip-Tessup of Razama (Tell al-Hawa?).
References
[edit]- ^ "Kingdoms of Mesopotamia - Andarig". www.historyfiles.co.uk. Retrieved 2020-06-08.
- ^ a b c Bryce, Trevor (2009-09-10). The Routledge Handbook of the Peoples and Places of Ancient Western Asia: The Near East from the Early Bronze Age to the fall of the Persian Empire. Routledge. p. 45. ISBN 978-1-134-15907-9.
- ^ a b c Heimpel, Wolfgang (2003). Letters to the King of Mari: A New Translation, with Historical Introduction, Notes, and Commentary. Eisenbrauns. p. 606. ISBN 978-1-57506-080-4.
- ^ Veenhof, Veenhof, Eidem () Mesopotamia: The Old Assyrian Period, p. 294