Eleanor Barnes

Eleanor Barnes
Alma mater	University of Oxford St Bartholomew's Hospital
Scientific career
Institutions	John Radcliffe Hospital University of Oxford
Thesis	T-cell and dendritic cell function and the effects of combination therapy in Hepatitis C virus infection (2004)

Eleanor Barnes is a British physician at the John Radcliffe Hospital and a Professor of Hepatology and Experimental Medicine at the University of Oxford. She has studied hepatitis C and the development of the development of HCV vaccines. She is a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences and serves as the lead for hepatology at the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Clinical Research Network.

Early life and education

Barnes has said that she was interested in science as a child. She decided to study medicine at university, and eventually trained at St Bartholomew's Hospital. She completed an intercalated bachelor's degree in anthropology and philosophy. After graduating, she worked as a medical resident at the Royal Free Hospital, where she decided to specialise in hepatology and gastroenterology. Determined to pursue a career in research, Barnes worked unpaid for three months, during which time she obtained data that she used to apply for a fellowship from the Medical Research Council. She was a doctoral researcher at the University of Oxford. Her doctoral research considered T cell and dendritic cell function.

Research and career

Barners' research considers T cell immunology. She is focused on the translation of laboratory findings to clinical environments. Barnes worked as a Medical Research Council Senior Fellow at the University of Oxford, and eventually was appointed lead of herpetology in the Thames Valley. She studied why 80% of patients with hepatitis C get chronic infection. Barnes identified that the nature of the T cell response determines which pathway a patient goes down. This observation led Barnes to develop an T-cell vaccine to prevent hepatitis C infection. The vaccine is based on adenoviral vectors, which host the non-structural proteins of hepatitis C from a genotype 1B strain. There are seven major hepatitis C strains, which presents considerable challenges for the development of vaccines. Barnes was elected Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences in 2018.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Barnes studied the design, effectiveness and implementation of the COVID-19 vaccine. She showed that patients who suffered from COVID-19 were likely to be impacted by liver problems.

Selected publications

• Jane P Messina; Isla Humphreys; Abraham Flaxman; Anthony Brown; Graham S Cooke; Oliver G Pybus; Eleanor Barnes (28 July 2014). "Global distribution and prevalence of hepatitis C virus genotypes". Hepatology. 61 (1): 77–87. doi:10.1002/HEP.27259. ISSN 0270-9139. PMC 4303918. PMID 25069599. Wikidata Q34431175.
• Merryn Voysey; Sue Ann Costa Clemens; Shabir A Madhi; et al. (8 December 2020). "Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK". The Lancet. 397 (10269): 99–111. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32661-1. ISSN 0140-6736. PMC 7723445. PMID 33306989. Wikidata Q104286457.
• Pedro M Folegatti; Katie J Ewer; Parvinder K Aley; et al. (20 July 2020). "Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary report of a phase 1/2, single-blind, randomised controlled trial". The Lancet. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31604-4. ISSN 0140-6736. PMC 7445431. PMID 32702298. Wikidata Q97678476.

Personal life

Barnes is married with two children.