Jump to content

1880 United States presidential election in Nevada: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Content deleted Content added
Adding short description: "Election in Nevada" (Shortdesc helper)
Added results for all electors; added county flips
 
(9 intermediate revisions by 6 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Election in Nevada}}
{{Short description|Election in Nevada}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2023}}
{{Main|1880 United States presidential election}}
{{Main|1880 United States presidential election}}
{{Infobox election
{{Infobox election
Line 13: Line 14:
| election_date = November 2, 1880
| election_date = November 2, 1880
| turnout = 29.46% of the total population {{decrease}} 16.88 [[Percentage point|pp]]<ref>{{cite web|title=1880 Presidential Election Results Nevada Total Population Turnout|url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=5659}}</ref>
| turnout = 29.46% of the total population {{decrease}} 16.88 [[Percentage point|pp]]<ref>{{cite web|title=1880 Presidential Election Results Nevada Total Population Turnout|url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=5659}}</ref>
| image1 = WinfieldScottHancock.png
| image1 = WinfieldScottHancock2 (cropped 3x4).jpg
| image1_size = 200px
| image_size = x200px
| nominee1 = '''[[Winfield Scott Hancock]]'''
| nominee1 = '''[[Winfield Scott Hancock|Winfield S. Hancock]]'''
| party1 = Democratic Party (United States)
| party1 = Democratic Party (United States)
| home_state1 = [[Pennsylvania]]
| home_state1 = [[Pennsylvania]]
| running_mate1 = '''[[William Hayden English]]'''
| running_mate1 = '''[[William Hayden English|William H. English]]'''
| electoral_vote1 = '''3'''
| electoral_vote1 = '''3'''
| popular_vote1 = '''9,613'''
| popular_vote1 = '''9,613'''
| percentage1 = '''52.40%'''
| percentage1 = '''52.40%'''
| image2 = James Abram Garfield, photo portrait seated (cropped).jpg
| image2 = JamesGarfield.png
| image2_size = 160x160px
| nominee2 = [[James A. Garfield]]
| nominee2 = [[James A. Garfield]]
| party2 = Republican Party (United States)
| party2 = Republican Party (United States)
Line 32: Line 32:
| percentage2 = 47.60%
| percentage2 = 47.60%
| map_image = Nevada Presidential Election Results 1880.svg
| map_image = Nevada Presidential Election Results 1880.svg
| map_size = 275px
| map_size = x275px
| map_caption = County Results
| map_caption = County Results
{{col-start}}
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
{{col-2}}
'''Hancock'''
'''Hancock'''
Line 53: Line 53:


[[Nevada]] was won by General [[Winfield Scott Hancock]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]–[[Pennsylvania]]), running with former [[United States House of Representatives|Representative]] [[William Hayden English]], with 52.40% of the popular vote, against [[United States House of Representatives|Representative]] [[James A. Garfield]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[Ohio]]), running with the 10th chairman of the [[New York Republican State Committee|New York State Republican Executive Committee]] [[Chester A. Arthur]], with 47.60% of the vote.<ref name="auto"/> This was the first time Nevada voted for a Democratic presidential candidate, with Hancock's victory being generally attributed to the fact that Garfield was viewed as weaker than Hancock on the hot-bed issue of controlling immigration from [[Qing dynasty|China]] – which both major parties promised to do and which the Nevada electorate was overwhelmingly in favor of.<ref>Gold, Martin; ''Forbidden Citizens: Chinese Exclusion and the U.S. Congress: A Legislative History''; p. 141 {{ISBN|1587332353}}</ref>
[[Nevada]] was won by General [[Winfield Scott Hancock]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]–[[Pennsylvania]]), running with former [[United States House of Representatives|Representative]] [[William Hayden English]], with 52.40% of the popular vote, against [[United States House of Representatives|Representative]] [[James A. Garfield]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[Ohio]]), running with the 10th chairman of the [[New York Republican State Committee|New York State Republican Executive Committee]] [[Chester A. Arthur]], with 47.60% of the vote.<ref name="auto"/> This was the first time Nevada voted for a Democratic presidential candidate, with Hancock's victory being generally attributed to the fact that Garfield was viewed as weaker than Hancock on the hot-bed issue of controlling immigration from [[Qing dynasty|China]] – which both major parties promised to do and which the Nevada electorate was overwhelmingly in favor of.<ref>Gold, Martin; ''Forbidden Citizens: Chinese Exclusion and the U.S. Congress: A Legislative History''; p. 141 {{ISBN|1587332353}}</ref>

This is the first occasion where a Republican won without the state. This was the first election in which a Democratic candidate carried [[Douglas County, Nevada|Douglas County]], [[Storey County, Nevada|Storey County]], [[Washoe County, Nevada|Washoe County]], and [[White Pine County, Nevada|White Pine County]]; they would not back a Democrat again until 1896.


==Results==
==Results==
{| class="wikitable"
{{Election box runningmate begin | title=1880 United States presidential election in Nevada<ref name="auto"/>}}

{{Election box US candidate with party link|
|+ General Election Results<ref>Nevada State Archives, Abstract of Votes Cast at the General Election in Nevada, November 2d, 1880</ref>
|party = Democratic Party (United States)
! colspan=2|Party
|candidate = [[Winfield Scott Hancock]]
! Pledged to
|homestate = [[Pennsylvania]]
! Elector
|vp_name = [[William Hayden English]]
! Votes
|vp_state = [[Indiana]]
|- style="font-weight:bold"
|votes = '''9,613'''
| bgcolor="{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}}" |
|percentage = '''52.40%'''
| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]]
|ev = '''3'''
| Winfield Scott Hancock
|evprct = '''100.00%'''
| W. E. F. Deal
}}
| align="right" |9,613
{{Election box US candidate with party link|
|- style="font-weight:bold"
|party = Republican Party (United States)
| bgcolor="{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}}" |
|candidate = [[James A. Garfield]]
| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]]
|homestate = [[Ohio]]
| Winfield Scott Hancock
|vp_name = [[Chester A. Arthur]]
| John H. Dennis
|vp_state = [[New York (state)|New York]]
| align="right" |9,611
|votes = 8,732
|- style="font-weight:bold"
|percentage = 47.60%
| bgcolor="{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}}" |
|ev = 0
| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]]
|evprct = 0.00%
| Winfield Scott Hancock
}}
| J. C. McTarnahan
{{Election runningmate box total|
| align="right" |9,609
|votes = '''18,345'''
|- style="font-weight:bold"
|percentage = '''100.00%'''
|-
|ev = '''3'''
| bgcolor="{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}" |
|evprct = '''100.00%'''
| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]]
}}
| James A. Garfield
{{Election box end}}
| O. H. Gray
| align="right" |8,732
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}" |
| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]]
| James A. Garfield
| E. A. Morton
| align="right" |8,732
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}" |
| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]]
| James A. Garfield
| R. H. Taylor
| align="right" |8,725
|-
! colspan="4" |Votes cast{{efn|Based on totals for highest elector on each ticket}}
! 18,345
|}


===Results by county===
===Results by county===
{|width="65%" class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
|-
! colspan="1" rowspan="2" |County
! colspan="1" |
! style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Winfield Scott Hancock<ref name="GeoelectionsI">Géoelections; [http://geoelections.free.fr/USA/elec_comtes/1880.htm Presidential election of 1880 Popular Vote] (.xlsx file for €15)</ref><br />Democratic
! style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Winfield Scott Hancock<br />Democratic
! style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| James Abram Garfield<ref name="GeoelectionsI"/><br />Republican
! style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| James Abram Garfield<br />Republican
! style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Margin
! style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Margin
! style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| Total votes cast
! style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| Total votes cast{{efn|Based on highest elector on each ticket}}
|-
|-
! align=center | County
! style="text-align:center;" data-sort-type="number"| #
! style="text-align:center;" data-sort-type="number"| #
! style="text-align:center;" data-sort-type="number"| %
! style="text-align:center;" data-sort-type="number"| %
Line 102: Line 123:
! style="text-align:center;" data-sort-type="number"| %
! style="text-align:center;" data-sort-type="number"| %
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| [[Churchill County, Nevada|Churchill]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|[[Churchill County, Nevada|Churchill]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 99
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|99
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 54.70%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|54.70%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 82
| {{party shading/Republican}}|82
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 45.30%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|45.30%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 17
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|17
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 9.39%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|9.39%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 181
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|181
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| [[Douglas County, Nevada|Douglas]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|[[Douglas County, Nevada|Douglas]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 275
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|275
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 52.68%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|52.68%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 247
| {{party shading/Republican}}|247
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 47.32%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|47.32%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 28
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|28
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 5.36%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|5.36%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 522
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|522
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| [[Elko County, Nevada|Elko]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|[[Elko County, Nevada|Elko]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 885
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|885
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 53.09%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|53.09%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 782
| {{party shading/Republican}}|782
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 46.91%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|46.91%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 103
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|103
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 6.18%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|6.18%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 1,667
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|1,667
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| [[Esmeralda County, Nevada|Esmeralda]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|[[Esmeralda County, Nevada|Esmeralda]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 670
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|670
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 52.47%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|52.47%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 607
| {{party shading/Republican}}|607
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 47.53%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|47.53%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 63
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|63
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 4.93%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|4.93%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 1,277
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|1,277
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}| [[Eureka County, Nevada|Eureka]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Eureka County, Nevada|Eureka]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 891
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|891
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 46.48%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|46.48%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 1,026
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,026
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 53.52%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|53.52%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| -135
| {{party shading/Republican}}|-135
| {{party shading/Republican}}| -7.04%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|-7.04%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 1,917
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,917
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| [[Humboldt County, Nevada|Humboldt]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|[[Humboldt County, Nevada|Humboldt]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 598
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|598
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 61.65%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|61.65%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 372
| {{party shading/Republican}}|372
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 38.35%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|38.35%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 226
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|226
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 23.30%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|23.30%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 970
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|970
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| [[Lander County, Nevada|Lander]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|[[Lander County, Nevada|Lander]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 576
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|576
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 52.80%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|52.80%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 515
| {{party shading/Republican}}|515
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 47.20%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|47.20%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 61
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|61
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 5.59%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|5.59%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 1,091
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|1,091
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| [[Lincoln County, Nevada|Lincoln]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|[[Lincoln County, Nevada|Lincoln]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 419
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|419
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 61.98%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|61.98%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 257
| {{party shading/Republican}}|257
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 38.02%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|38.02%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 162
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|162
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 23.96%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|23.96%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 676
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|676
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}| [[Lyon County, Nevada|Lyon]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Lyon County, Nevada|Lyon]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 295
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|295
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 45.38%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|45.38%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 355
| {{party shading/Republican}}|355
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 54.62%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|54.62%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| -60
| {{party shading/Republican}}|-60
| {{party shading/Republican}}| -9.23%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|-9.23%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 650
| {{party shading/Republican}}|650
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| [[Nye County, Nevada|Nye]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|[[Nye County, Nevada|Nye]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 418
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|418
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 55.22%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|55.22%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 339
| {{party shading/Republican}}|339
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 44.78%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|44.78%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 79
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|79
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 10.44%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|10.44%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 757
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|757
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}| [[Carson City, Nevada|Ormsby]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Carson City, Nevada|Ormsby]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 452
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|452
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 42.01%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|42.01%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 624
| {{party shading/Republican}}|624
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 57.99%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|57.99%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| -172
| {{party shading/Republican}}|-172
| {{party shading/Republican}}| -15.99%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|-15.99%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 1,076
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,076
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| [[Storey County, Nevada|Storey]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|[[Storey County, Nevada|Storey]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 2,766
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|2,766
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 53.82%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|53.82%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 2,373
| {{party shading/Republican}}|2,373
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 46.18%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|46.18%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 393
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|393
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 7.65%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|7.65%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 5,139
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|5,139
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| [[Washoe County, Nevada|Washoe]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|[[Washoe County, Nevada|Washoe]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 828
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|828
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 52.31%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|52.31%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 755
| {{party shading/Republican}}|755
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 47.69%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|47.69%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 73
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|73
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 4.61%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|4.61%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 1,583
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|1,583
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| [[White Pine County, Nevada|White Pine]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|[[White Pine County, Nevada|White Pine]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 441
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|441
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 52.56%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|52.56%
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 398
| {{party shading/Republican}}|398
| {{party shading/Republican}}| 47.44%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|47.44%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 43
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|43
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 5.13%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|5.13%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}| 839
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|839
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
!Totals!!9,613!!52.40%!!8,732!!47.60%!!881!!4.80%!!18,345
!Totals!!9,613!!52.40%!!8,732!!47.60%!!881!!4.80%!!18,345
|}
|}

==== Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic ====
* [[Douglas County, Nevada|Douglas]]
* [[Storey County, Nevada|Storey]]
* [[Washoe County, Nevada|Washoe]]
* [[White Pine County, Nevada|White Pine]]

==See also==
*[[United States presidential elections in Nevada]]

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 03:37, 9 July 2024

1880 United States presidential election in Nevada

← 1876 November 2, 1880 1884 →
Turnout29.46% of the total population Decrease 16.88 pp[1]
 
Nominee Winfield S. Hancock James A. Garfield
Party Democratic Republican
Home state Pennsylvania Ohio
Running mate William H. English Chester A. Arthur
Electoral vote 3 0
Popular vote 9,613 8,732
Percentage 52.40% 47.60%

County Results

President before election

Rutherford B. Hayes
Republican

Elected President

James Garfield
Republican

The 1880 United States presidential election in Nevada took place on November 2, 1880, as part of the 1880 United States presidential election. State voters chose three representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.[2]

Nevada was won by General Winfield Scott Hancock (DPennsylvania), running with former Representative William Hayden English, with 52.40% of the popular vote, against Representative James A. Garfield (R-Ohio), running with the 10th chairman of the New York State Republican Executive Committee Chester A. Arthur, with 47.60% of the vote.[2] This was the first time Nevada voted for a Democratic presidential candidate, with Hancock's victory being generally attributed to the fact that Garfield was viewed as weaker than Hancock on the hot-bed issue of controlling immigration from China – which both major parties promised to do and which the Nevada electorate was overwhelmingly in favor of.[3]

This is the first occasion where a Republican won without the state. This was the first election in which a Democratic candidate carried Douglas County, Storey County, Washoe County, and White Pine County; they would not back a Democrat again until 1896.

Results

[edit]
General Election Results[4]
Party Pledged to Elector Votes
Democratic Party Winfield Scott Hancock W. E. F. Deal 9,613
Democratic Party Winfield Scott Hancock John H. Dennis 9,611
Democratic Party Winfield Scott Hancock J. C. McTarnahan 9,609
Republican Party James A. Garfield O. H. Gray 8,732
Republican Party James A. Garfield E. A. Morton 8,732
Republican Party James A. Garfield R. H. Taylor 8,725
Votes cast[a] 18,345

Results by county

[edit]
Winfield Scott Hancock
Democratic
James Abram Garfield
Republican
Margin Total votes cast[b]
County # % # % # %
Churchill 99 54.70% 82 45.30% 17 9.39% 181
Douglas 275 52.68% 247 47.32% 28 5.36% 522
Elko 885 53.09% 782 46.91% 103 6.18% 1,667
Esmeralda 670 52.47% 607 47.53% 63 4.93% 1,277
Eureka 891 46.48% 1,026 53.52% -135 -7.04% 1,917
Humboldt 598 61.65% 372 38.35% 226 23.30% 970
Lander 576 52.80% 515 47.20% 61 5.59% 1,091
Lincoln 419 61.98% 257 38.02% 162 23.96% 676
Lyon 295 45.38% 355 54.62% -60 -9.23% 650
Nye 418 55.22% 339 44.78% 79 10.44% 757
Ormsby 452 42.01% 624 57.99% -172 -15.99% 1,076
Storey 2,766 53.82% 2,373 46.18% 393 7.65% 5,139
Washoe 828 52.31% 755 47.69% 73 4.61% 1,583
White Pine 441 52.56% 398 47.44% 43 5.13% 839
Totals 9,613 52.40% 8,732 47.60% 881 4.80% 18,345

Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Based on totals for highest elector on each ticket
  2. ^ Based on highest elector on each ticket

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "1880 Presidential Election Results Nevada Total Population Turnout".
  2. ^ a b "1880 Presidential Election Results Nevada".
  3. ^ Gold, Martin; Forbidden Citizens: Chinese Exclusion and the U.S. Congress: A Legislative History; p. 141 ISBN 1587332353
  4. ^ Nevada State Archives, Abstract of Votes Cast at the General Election in Nevada, November 2d, 1880