Princess Marie of Orléans (1865–1909): Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|French princess, Danish princess by marriage}} |
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{{Infobox royalty |
{{Infobox royalty |
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| name = |
| name = Marie of Orléans |
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| title = Princess |
| title = Princess Valdemar of Denmark |
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| image = La princesa Maria d'Orleans, princesa de Dinamarca.jpg |
| image = La princesa Maria d'Orleans, princesa de Dinamarca.jpg |
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| caption = |
| caption = |
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| spouse = {{marriage|[[Prince Valdemar of Denmark]]<br>|20 October 1885}} |
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Prince Valdemar of Denmark]]<br/>|20 October 1885}} |
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| issue = {{plainlist| |
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| issue = [[Prince Aage, Count of Rosenborg]]<br>[[Prince Axel of Denmark|Prince Axel]]<br>[[Prince Erik, Count of Rosenborg]]<br>[[Prince Viggo, Count of Rosenborg]]<br>[[Princess Margaret of Denmark|Margaret, Princess René of Parma]] |
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* [[Prince Aage, Count of Rosenborg]] |
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* [[Prince Axel of Denmark|Prince Axel]] |
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* [[Prince Erik, Count of Rosenborg]] |
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* [[Prince Viggo, Count of Rosenborg]] |
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* [[Princess Margaret of Denmark|Princess Margaret]] |
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}} |
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| full name = [[French language|French]]: ''Marie Amélie Françoise Hélène d'Orléans'' |
| full name = [[French language|French]]: ''Marie Amélie Françoise Hélène d'Orléans'' |
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| house = [[House of Orléans|Orléans]] |
| house = [[House of Orléans|Orléans]] |
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| death_place = [[Copenhagen]], Denmark |
| death_place = [[Copenhagen]], Denmark |
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| place of burial = [[Roskilde Cathedral]] |
| place of burial = [[Roskilde Cathedral]] |
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| signature = Marie_d'orleans_(1865-1909)_signature.jpg |
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| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]] |
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}} |
}} |
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{{House of Orléans}} |
{{House of Orléans}} |
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'''Princess Marie |
'''Princess Marie of Orléans''' (Marie Amélie Françoise Hélène; 13 January 1865 – 4 December 1909) was a French princess by birth and a [[List of princesses of Denmark by marriage|Danish princess]] by marriage to [[Prince Valdemar of Denmark|Prince Valdemar]]. She was politically active by the standards of her day. |
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==Biography== |
==Biography== |
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Marie was the eldest child of [[Robert, duke of Chartres]], and his wife, [[Françoise d'Orléans (1844–1925)|Princess Françoise d'Orléans]]. Her father was the second son of [[Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans]], and [[Duchess Helena of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]. Françoise was the daughter of [[François d'Orléans, prince de Joinville]], and [[Princess Francisca of Brazil]]. |
Marie was the eldest child of [[Robert, duke of Chartres]], and his wife, [[Françoise d'Orléans (1844–1925)|Princess Françoise d'Orléans]]. Her father was the second son of [[Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans]], and [[Duchess Helena of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]. Françoise was the daughter of [[François d'Orléans, prince de Joinville]], and [[Princess Francisca of Brazil]]. |
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Born during the reign in France of her family's rival, [[Napoléon III of France|Napoléon III]], she grew up in England, where her family had moved in 1848. She moved to France with her family after the fall of Napoleon in 1871. She defined herself as "une |
Born during the reign in France of her family's rival, [[Napoléon III of France|Napoléon III]], she grew up in England, where her family had moved in 1848. She moved to France with her family after the fall of Napoleon in 1871. She defined herself as "une [[bourgeois]]e".{{citation needed|date=May 2020}} |
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===Marriage=== |
===Marriage=== |
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The couple took up residence at [[Bernstorff Palace]] outside [[Copenhagen]], in which Valdemar had been born. Since 1883, he had lived there with his nephew and ward [[Prince George of Greece]], a younger son of Valdemar's elder brother [[George I of Greece|Vilhelm]], who had become [[Monarchy of Greece|King of the Hellenes]] in 1863 as George I. The king had taken the boy to Denmark to enlist him in the Danish navy and consigned him to the care of his brother Valdemar, who was an admiral in the Danish fleet. |
The couple took up residence at [[Bernstorff Palace]] outside [[Copenhagen]], in which Valdemar had been born. Since 1883, he had lived there with his nephew and ward [[Prince George of Greece]], a younger son of Valdemar's elder brother [[George I of Greece|Vilhelm]], who had become [[Monarchy of Greece|King of the Hellenes]] in 1863 as George I. The king had taken the boy to Denmark to enlist him in the Danish navy and consigned him to the care of his brother Valdemar, who was an admiral in the Danish fleet. |
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Feeling abandoned by his father on this occasion, George would later describe to his |
Feeling abandoned by his father on this occasion, George would later describe to his fiancée, [[Princess Marie Bonaparte]], the profound attachment he developed for his uncle from that day forward.<ref>{{cite book|last= Bertin|first= Celia|title= Marie Bonaparte: A Life|year= 1982|publisher= Harcourt Brace Jovanovich|location= New York|isbn= 0-15-157252-6|pages= [https://archive.org/details/mariebonaparteli00bert/page/85 85–86]|chapter= A False Happiness|quote= From that day, from that moment on, I loved him and I have never had any other friend but him...You will love him too, when you meet him.|chapter-url-access= registration|chapter-url= https://archive.org/details/mariebonaparteli00bert/page/85}}</ref> |
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It was into this household and relationship that Marie came to live. In 1907, when George brought his bride to Bernstorff for the first family visit, Marie d'Orléans was at pains to explain to Marie Bonaparte the intimacy which united uncle and nephew, so deep that at the end of each of George's several yearly visits to Bernstorff, he would weep, Valdemar would feel ill, and the women learned to be patient and not intrude upon their husbands' private moments.<ref>Bertin, pp. 96–98.</ref> |
It was into this household and relationship that Marie came to live. In 1907, when George brought his bride to Bernstorff for the first family visit, Marie d'Orléans was at pains to explain to Marie Bonaparte the intimacy which united uncle and nephew, so deep that at the end of each of George's several yearly visits to Bernstorff, he would weep, Valdemar would feel ill, and the women learned to be patient and not intrude upon their husbands' private moments.<ref>Bertin, pp. 96–98.</ref> |
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===Life and influence=== |
===Life and influence=== |
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Marie was described as impulsive, witty, and energetic, and introduced a more relaxed style to the stiff Danish court. She never fully learned to speak Danish. The marriage was friendly. She gave her children a free upbringing, and her artistic taste and Bohemian habits dominated her household. She was informal, not snobbish, believed in social equality, expressed her own opinions, and performed her ceremonial duties in an unconventional manner. In 1896, she wrote to [[Herman Bang]]: "I believe that a person, regardless of her position, should be herself".<ref name=Kvinfo/> She liked both to ride and to drive and was known for her elegance. She was the official protector of the fire brigade and let herself be photographed in a fire brigade uniform, which was caricatured, and as a support to her spouse's career as a marine, she had an anchor tattooed on her upper arm.<ref>{{cite news |last=Lewis |first=Helen |url=http://www.newstatesman.com/art-and-design/2013/04/will-tattoo-ever-hang-louvre |title=Will a tattoo ever hang in the Louvre? |newspaper=[[New Statesman]] blogs|date=24 April 2013 | |
Marie was described as impulsive, witty, and energetic, and introduced a more relaxed style to the stiff Danish court. She never fully learned to speak Danish. The marriage was friendly. She gave her children a free upbringing, and her artistic taste and Bohemian habits dominated her household. She was informal, not snobbish, believed in social equality, expressed her own opinions, and performed her ceremonial duties in an unconventional manner. In 1896, she wrote to [[Herman Bang]]: "I believe that a person, regardless of her position, should be herself".<ref name=Kvinfo/> She liked both to ride and to drive and was known for her elegance. She was the official protector of the fire brigade and let herself be photographed in a fire brigade uniform, which was caricatured, and as a support to her spouse's career as a marine, she had an anchor tattooed on her upper arm.<ref>{{cite news |last=Lewis |first=Helen |url=http://www.newstatesman.com/art-and-design/2013/04/will-tattoo-ever-hang-louvre |title=Will a tattoo ever hang in the Louvre? |newspaper=[[New Statesman]] blogs|date=24 April 2013 |access-date=23 June 2013}}</ref> She once said regarding complaints about her unconventional manners: "Let them complain, I am just as happy nevertheless".<ref name=Kvinfo/> |
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She had asked the permission of the court to leave the house without a lady-in-waiting, and she had mainly spent her time with artists. She painted and photographed and was a student of [[Otto Bache]] and [[Frants Henningsen]]. She participated in the exhibitions at Charlottenborg in 1889, 1901 and 1902 and was a member of the Danish Arts Academy.<ref name=Kvinfo>{{cite web |last=Vammen |first=Tinne |url=http://www.kvinfo.dk/side/597/bio/1409/origin/170/ | |
She had asked the permission of the court to leave the house without a lady-in-waiting, and she had mainly spent her time with artists. She painted and photographed and was a student of [[Otto Bache]] and [[Frants Henningsen]]. She participated in the exhibitions at Charlottenborg in 1889, 1901 and 1902 and was a member of the Danish Arts Academy.<ref name="Kvinfo">{{cite web |last=Vammen |first=Tinne |author-link=Tinne Vammen |date=2003 |title=Marie (1865 – 1909) Marie Amélie Francoise Hélène |url=http://www.kvinfo.dk/side/597/bio/1409/origin/170/ |access-date=23 June 2013 |publisher=Dansk Kvindebiografisk Leksikon (Kvinfo) |language=da}}</ref> |
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She refused to obey the expectation on royal women to stay away from politics. In 1886, Valdemar declined the throne of Bulgaria with her consent. She belonged to the political left and participated in convincing the king to agree to the reforms of 1901, which led to an appointment of a [[Venstre (Denmark)|Venstre]] government,<ref name=Kvinfo/> and the ''de facto'' introduction of parliamentarism. In 1902 she rejected the idea of offering the Danish West Indies to the United States. She also saw to the interests of France: she was credited by the French press with having influenced the Franco-Russian alliance in 1894 and the peace in the French-German Colonial conflict over Morocco in 1905. She assisted her friend [[H.N. Andersen]], the founder of the [[East Asiatic Company]], with contacts in his affairs in Thailand.<ref name=Kvinfo/> She was a popular person in Denmark. |
She refused to obey the expectation on royal women to stay away from politics. In 1886, Valdemar declined the throne of Bulgaria with her consent. She belonged to the political left and participated in convincing the king to agree to the reforms of 1901, which led to an appointment of a [[Venstre (Denmark)|Venstre]] government,<ref name=Kvinfo/> and the ''de facto'' introduction of parliamentarism. In 1902 she rejected the idea of offering the Danish West Indies to the United States. She also saw to the interests of France: she was credited by the French press with having influenced the Franco-Russian alliance in 1894 and the peace in the French-German Colonial conflict over Morocco in 1905. She assisted her friend [[H.N. Andersen]], the founder of the [[East Asiatic Company]], with contacts in his affairs in Thailand.<ref name=Kvinfo/> She was a popular person in Denmark. |
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Marie's husband and three sons were in India ''en route'' to [[Siam]] when they received word that she had died at Bernstorff.<ref>{{cite book|last= Bertin|first= Celia|title= Marie Bonaparte: A Life|year= 1982|publisher= Harcourt Brace Jovanovich|location= New York|isbn= 0-15-157252-6|page=102|url=https://books.google.com/?id=15wkAAAAMAAJ |
Marie's husband and three sons were in India ''en route'' to [[Siam]] when they received word that she had died at Bernstorff.<ref>{{cite book|last= Bertin|first= Celia|title= Marie Bonaparte: A Life|year= 1982|publisher= Harcourt Brace Jovanovich|location= New York|isbn= 0-15-157252-6|page=102|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=15wkAAAAMAAJ&q=India+1909 }}</ref> |
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===Issue=== |
===Issue=== |
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{{Further information|Descendants of Christian IX of Denmark#Children of Valdemar and Marie}} |
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The couple had five children: |
The couple had five children: |
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*[[Prince Aage, Count of Rosenborg|Prince Aage of Denmark]] (1887–1940); created Count of Rosenborg, married Mathilda Calvi dei Conti di Bergolo in 1914 and had one son. |
*[[Prince Aage, Count of Rosenborg|Prince Aage of Denmark]] (1887–1940); created Count of Rosenborg, married Mathilda Calvi dei Conti di Bergolo in 1914 and had one son. |
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*[[Prince Axel of Denmark]] (1888–1964), married [[Princess |
*[[Prince Axel of Denmark]] (1888–1964), married [[Princess Margaretha of Sweden]] in 1919 and had two sons. |
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*[[Prince Erik, Count of Rosenborg|Prince Erik of Denmark]] (1890–1950); created Count of Rosenborg, married Lois Frances Booth in Ottawa, Canada 1924; divorced 1937, and had a son and a daughter. |
*[[Prince Erik, Count of Rosenborg|Prince Erik of Denmark]] (1890–1950); created Count of Rosenborg, married Lois Frances Booth in Ottawa, Canada 1924; divorced 1937, and had a son and a daughter. |
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*[[Prince Viggo, Count of Rosenborg|Prince Viggo of Denmark]] (1893–1970); created Count of Rosenborg, married |
*[[Prince Viggo, Count of Rosenborg|Prince Viggo of Denmark]] (1893–1970); created Count of Rosenborg, married [[Eleanor Margaret Green]], and had no children. |
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*[[Princess Margaret of Denmark]] (1895–1992), married [[Prince René of Bourbon-Parma]]. Her daughter [[Queen Anne of Romania|Anne]] was titular Queen of [[Romania]]. |
*[[Princess Margaret of Denmark]] (1895–1992), married [[Prince René of Bourbon-Parma]]. Her daughter [[Queen Anne of Romania|Anne]] was titular Queen of [[Romania]]. |
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|15= 15. [[Maria Leopoldina of Austria|Archduchess Leopoldina of Austria]] |
|15= 15. [[Maria Leopoldina of Austria|Archduchess Leopoldina of Austria]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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===Citations=== |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{Reflist|30em}} |
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===Bibliography=== |
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{{Refbegin|30em}} |
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* {{Cite book|last=Bramsen|first=Bo|year=1992|title=Huset Glücksborg. Europas svigerfader og hans efterslægt.|trans-title=The House of Glücksburg. The Father-in-law of Europe and his descendants|edition=2nd|publisher=Forlaget Forum|location=Copenhagen|isbn=87-553-1843-6|language=da}} |
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* {{Cite book|last1=Lerche|first1=Anna|last2=Mandal|first2=Marcus|year=2003|title=A royal family : the story of Christian IX and his European descendants|location=Copenhagen|publisher=Aschehoug|isbn=9788715109577}} |
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{{Refend}} |
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{{Princesses of Orléans}} |
{{Princesses of Orléans}} |
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{{Danish princesses by marriage}} |
{{Danish princesses by marriage}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Marie Of Orleans, Princess}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Marie Of Orleans, Princess}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Princesses of Denmark]] |
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[[Category:Princesses of France (Orléans)]] |
[[Category:Princesses of France (Orléans)]] |
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[[Category:House of Glücksburg (Denmark)]] |
[[Category:House of Glücksburg (Denmark)]] |
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[[Category:House of Orléans]] |
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[[Category:1865 births]] |
[[Category:1865 births]] |
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[[Category:1909 deaths]] |
[[Category:1909 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Burials at Roskilde Cathedral]] |
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[[Category:British emigrants to France]] |
Latest revision as of 21:04, 10 July 2024
Marie of Orléans | |||||
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Princess Valdemar of Denmark | |||||
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Born | Ham, London, England | 13 January 1865||||
Died | 4 December 1909 Copenhagen, Denmark | (aged 44)||||
Burial | |||||
Spouse | |||||
Issue | |||||
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House | Orléans | ||||
Father | Robert, Duke of Chartres | ||||
Mother | Princess Françoise of Orléans | ||||
Signature | ![]() |
Princess Marie of Orléans (Marie Amélie Françoise Hélène; 13 January 1865 – 4 December 1909) was a French princess by birth and a Danish princess by marriage to Prince Valdemar. She was politically active by the standards of her day.
Biography
[edit]Background
[edit]Marie was the eldest child of Robert, duke of Chartres, and his wife, Princess Françoise d'Orléans. Her father was the second son of Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans, and Duchess Helena of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Françoise was the daughter of François d'Orléans, prince de Joinville, and Princess Francisca of Brazil.
Born during the reign in France of her family's rival, Napoléon III, she grew up in England, where her family had moved in 1848. She moved to France with her family after the fall of Napoleon in 1871. She defined herself as "une bourgeoise".[citation needed]
Marriage
[edit]After obtaining papal consent, Marie married Prince Valdemar of Denmark, the youngest son of King Christian IX of Denmark, on 20 October 1885 in a civil ceremony in Paris and again in a religious ceremony in the Château d'Eu two days later. They were third cousins, once-removed. She remained a Roman Catholic, he a Lutheran. They adhered to the dynastic arrangement usually stipulated in the marriage contract in such circumstances: sons were to be raised in the faith of their father, daughters in that of their mother.
The couple took up residence at Bernstorff Palace outside Copenhagen, in which Valdemar had been born. Since 1883, he had lived there with his nephew and ward Prince George of Greece, a younger son of Valdemar's elder brother Vilhelm, who had become King of the Hellenes in 1863 as George I. The king had taken the boy to Denmark to enlist him in the Danish navy and consigned him to the care of his brother Valdemar, who was an admiral in the Danish fleet.
Feeling abandoned by his father on this occasion, George would later describe to his fiancée, Princess Marie Bonaparte, the profound attachment he developed for his uncle from that day forward.[1]
It was into this household and relationship that Marie came to live. In 1907, when George brought his bride to Bernstorff for the first family visit, Marie d'Orléans was at pains to explain to Marie Bonaparte the intimacy which united uncle and nephew, so deep that at the end of each of George's several yearly visits to Bernstorff, he would weep, Valdemar would feel ill, and the women learned to be patient and not intrude upon their husbands' private moments.[2]
On this and subsequent visits, the Bonaparte princess found herself a great admirer of the Orléans princess, concluding that she was the only member of her husband's large family in Denmark and Greece endowed with brains, pluck, or character.[citation needed] During the first of these visits, Valdemar and Marie Bonaparte found themselves engaging in the kind of passionate intimacies she had looked forward to with her husband who, however, only seemed to enjoy them vicariously, sitting or lying beside his wife and uncle. On a later visit, George's wife carried on a passionate flirtation with Prince Aage, Valdemar's eldest son. In neither case does it appear that Marie objected, or felt obliged to give the matter any attention.[3]
George criticized Marie to his wife, alleging that she was having an affair with his uncle's stablemaster. He also contended that she drank too much alcohol and could not conceal the effects. But Marie Bonaparte found no fault with Marie d'Orléans; rather she admired her forbearance and independence under circumstances which caused her bewilderment and estrangement from her own husband.[4]
Life and influence
[edit]Marie was described as impulsive, witty, and energetic, and introduced a more relaxed style to the stiff Danish court. She never fully learned to speak Danish. The marriage was friendly. She gave her children a free upbringing, and her artistic taste and Bohemian habits dominated her household. She was informal, not snobbish, believed in social equality, expressed her own opinions, and performed her ceremonial duties in an unconventional manner. In 1896, she wrote to Herman Bang: "I believe that a person, regardless of her position, should be herself".[5] She liked both to ride and to drive and was known for her elegance. She was the official protector of the fire brigade and let herself be photographed in a fire brigade uniform, which was caricatured, and as a support to her spouse's career as a marine, she had an anchor tattooed on her upper arm.[6] She once said regarding complaints about her unconventional manners: "Let them complain, I am just as happy nevertheless".[5]
She had asked the permission of the court to leave the house without a lady-in-waiting, and she had mainly spent her time with artists. She painted and photographed and was a student of Otto Bache and Frants Henningsen. She participated in the exhibitions at Charlottenborg in 1889, 1901 and 1902 and was a member of the Danish Arts Academy.[5]
She refused to obey the expectation on royal women to stay away from politics. In 1886, Valdemar declined the throne of Bulgaria with her consent. She belonged to the political left and participated in convincing the king to agree to the reforms of 1901, which led to an appointment of a Venstre government,[5] and the de facto introduction of parliamentarism. In 1902 she rejected the idea of offering the Danish West Indies to the United States. She also saw to the interests of France: she was credited by the French press with having influenced the Franco-Russian alliance in 1894 and the peace in the French-German Colonial conflict over Morocco in 1905. She assisted her friend H.N. Andersen, the founder of the East Asiatic Company, with contacts in his affairs in Thailand.[5] She was a popular person in Denmark.
Marie's husband and three sons were in India en route to Siam when they received word that she had died at Bernstorff.[7]
Issue
[edit]The couple had five children:
- Prince Aage of Denmark (1887–1940); created Count of Rosenborg, married Mathilda Calvi dei Conti di Bergolo in 1914 and had one son.
- Prince Axel of Denmark (1888–1964), married Princess Margaretha of Sweden in 1919 and had two sons.
- Prince Erik of Denmark (1890–1950); created Count of Rosenborg, married Lois Frances Booth in Ottawa, Canada 1924; divorced 1937, and had a son and a daughter.
- Prince Viggo of Denmark (1893–1970); created Count of Rosenborg, married Eleanor Margaret Green, and had no children.
- Princess Margaret of Denmark (1895–1992), married Prince René of Bourbon-Parma. Her daughter Anne was titular Queen of Romania.
Legacy
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Langelinie_-_Princess_Marie%2C_Denmark.jpg/170px-Langelinie_-_Princess_Marie%2C_Denmark.jpg)
Princess Marie is commemorated with a monument at Langelinie, near St. Alban's English Church in Copenhagen. It was installed in 1912 and features a bust created by Carl Martin-Hansen.[5] Princess Marie's Home for Old Seamen and Seamen's Widows on Wildersgade in Christianshavn is named after her. Prinsesse Maries Allé in Frederiksberg is also named after her.
Ancestry
[edit]Ancestors of Princess Marie of Orléans (1865–1909) |
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References
[edit]Citations
[edit]- ^ Bertin, Celia (1982). "A False Happiness". Marie Bonaparte: A Life. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. pp. 85–86. ISBN 0-15-157252-6.
From that day, from that moment on, I loved him and I have never had any other friend but him...You will love him too, when you meet him.
- ^ Bertin, pp. 96–98.
- ^ Bertin, pp. 96–97.
- ^ Bertin, p. 97.
- ^ a b c d e f Vammen, Tinne (2003). "Marie (1865 – 1909) Marie Amélie Francoise Hélène" (in Danish). Dansk Kvindebiografisk Leksikon (Kvinfo). Retrieved 23 June 2013.
- ^ Lewis, Helen (24 April 2013). "Will a tattoo ever hang in the Louvre?". New Statesman blogs. Retrieved 23 June 2013.
- ^ Bertin, Celia (1982). Marie Bonaparte: A Life. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. p. 102. ISBN 0-15-157252-6.
Bibliography
[edit]- Bramsen, Bo (1992). Huset Glücksborg. Europas svigerfader og hans efterslægt [The House of Glücksburg. The Father-in-law of Europe and his descendants] (in Danish) (2nd ed.). Copenhagen: Forlaget Forum. ISBN 87-553-1843-6.
- Lerche, Anna; Mandal, Marcus (2003). A royal family : the story of Christian IX and his European descendants. Copenhagen: Aschehoug. ISBN 9788715109577.