SpaceX Crew-3: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|2021 American crewed spaceflight to the ISS and maiden flight of Crew Dragon Endurance}} |
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{{Use American English|date=April 2020}} |
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{{Article for deletion/dated|page=SpaceX Crew-3|timestamp=20201116160528|year=2020|month=November|day=16|substed=yes}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}} |
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{{Short description|Third operational flight in NASA's Commercial Crew Program, carrying astronauts to the International Space Station}} |
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{{Use American English|date=April 2020}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}} |
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{{Infobox spaceflight |
{{Infobox spaceflight |
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| name = SpaceX Crew-3 |
| name = SpaceX Crew-3 |
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| names_list = |
| names_list = USCV-3 |
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| image = Crew Dragon Endurance at the ISS.jpg |
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| image = The SpaceX Crew Dragon approaches the International Space Station (iss063e021463).jpg |
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| image_caption |
| image_caption = Crew Dragon Endurance docked to the ISS during Crew-3 |
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| image_size = |
| image_size = 300px |
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| mission_type = ISS crew transport |
| mission_type = ISS crew transport |
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| operator = [[SpaceX]] |
| operator = [[SpaceX]] |
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| |
| website = |
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| mission_duration = {{time interval|11 November 2021 02:03:31|6 May 2022 04:43|show=dhm}} |
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| SATCAT = |
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| spacecraft = {{ComV|Dragon 2|Endurance|full=nolink}} |
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| mission_duration = 180 days |
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| |
| spacecraft_type = [[SpaceX Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]] |
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| manufacturer = |
| manufacturer = SpaceX |
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| launch_mass = {{cvt|12055|kg}}<ref name="NASANSSDCADatabase">{{cite web|url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2021-103A|title=Dragon Endurance|publisher=NASA|date=14 November 2021|access-date=15 November 2021|quote=Mass: 12055 kg}}</ref> |
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| launch_mass = {{convert|6000|kg|lb|abbr=on}} |
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| landing_mass = {{ |
| landing_mass = <!--{{cvt|9616|kg}}{{cn|date=November 2021 - Mass from Crew Dragon Demo-2 }}--> |
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| crew_size = 4 |
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| launch_date = September 2021 (planned)<ref name="Inverse20201001"/> |
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| crew_members = {{Ubl|[[Raja Chari]]|[[Thomas Marshburn]]|[[Matthias Maurer]]|[[Kayla Barron]]}} |
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| launch_rocket = [[Falcon 9 Full Thrust#Block 5|Falcon 9 Block 5]] |
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| crew_expedition = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]] |
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| launch_site = [[Kennedy Space Center]], [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A|LC-39A]] |
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| launch_date = 11 November 2021, 02:03:31 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] |
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| launch_contractor = [[SpaceX]] |
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| launch_rocket = [[Falcon 9 Block 5]] ([[List of Falcon 9 first-stage boosters|B1067.2]]) |
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| landing_date = 2021 |
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| launch_site = [[Kennedy Space Center]], [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A|LC-39A]] |
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| landing_site = [[Atlantic Ocean]] |
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| launch_contractor = SpaceX |
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| crew_size = 4 |
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| recovery_by = {{MV|Shannon}} |
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| crew_members = {{Unbulleted list|[[Thomas Marshburn]]|[[Raja Chari]]|[[Kayla Barron]]|[[Matthias Maurer]]}}<ref name="spacefacts">{{cite web |title=Spaceflight mission report: SpaceX Crew-3 |url=http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/crew-3.htm |website=www.spacefacts.de |accessdate=18 November 2020 |date=13 November 2020}}</ref> |
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| landing_date = 6 May 2022, 04:43 UTC<ref name="Indepcrew3landingweek">{{cite news |last1=Kelvey |first1=Jon |title=Nasa's Crew-3 astronauts set to return to Earth this week |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/space/nasa-crew3-return-earth-b2069979.html |access-date=3 May 2022 |work=The Independent |date=2 May 2022 |language=en |quote=Nasa’s head of human spaceflight Kathy Lueders said the space agency aims to have the Crew-3 astronauts undock from the ISS in their Crew Dragon spacecraft around pm EDT on Wednesday 4 May, with a splashdown off the Florida coast to follow on 5 May.}}</ref> |
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| crew_photo = |
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| landing_site = [[Gulf of Mexico]] |
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| crew_photo_caption = |
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| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit]] |
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| crew_photo_size = 290px |
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| orbit_regime = [[Low Earth orbit]] |
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| docking = {{Infobox spaceflight/Dock |
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| orbit_inclination = 51.66° |
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| docking_target = [[International Space Station|ISS]] |
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| apsis = gee |
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| docking = {{Infobox spaceflight/Dock |
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| docking_target = [[International Space Station]] |
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| docking_type = Dock |
| docking_type = Dock |
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| docking_port = |
| docking_port = ''[[Harmony (ISS module)|Harmony]]'' forward |
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| docking_date = |
| docking_date = 11 November 2021, 23:32 UTC |
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| undocking_date = 5 May 2022, 05:20 UTC <ref name="nsfcrew4docking">{{cite news |last1=Kanayama |first1=Lee |title=Crew Dragon Freedom makes its first docking at the ISS on the Crew-4 mission |url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2022/04/dragon-freedom-docks-crew-4/ |access-date=3 May 2022 |work=NASASpaceFlight.com |date=27 April 2022 |quote=This handover is expected to be complete by May 4, when Endurance is slated to depart the ISS, however this timeline will be contingent on recovery weather conditions.}}</ref><ref name="Indepcrew3landingweek"/> |
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| |
| time_docked = 174 days and 6 hours |
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| time_docked = Six months (planned) |
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}} |
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| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit]] |
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| orbit_regime = [[Low Earth orbit]] |
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| orbit_inclination = 51.66° |
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| apsis = gee |
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| insignia = |
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| insignia_caption = |
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| insignia_size = 175px |
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| programme = '''[[Commercial Crew Program]]''' |
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| previous_mission = TBA |
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| next_mission = TBA |
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| programme2 = '''[[SpaceX Dragon 2|Crew Dragon flights]]''' |
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| previous_mission2 = [[SpaceX Crew-2]] |
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| next_mission2 = TBA |
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}} |
}} |
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| insignia = SpaceX Crew-3 logo.svg |
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| insignia_caption = SpaceX Crew-3 mission patch |
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| insignia_size = 200px |
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| crew_photo = SpaceX Crew-3 (official portrait).jpg |
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| crew_photo_caption = Chari, Marshburn, Maurer and Barron |
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| crew_photo_size = 300px |
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| programme = '''[[Commercial Crew Program]]''' |
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| previous_mission = [[SpaceX Crew-2]] |
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| next_mission = [[SpaceX Crew-4]] |
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| programme2 = '''[[SpaceX Dragon 2#Crew Dragon flights|Crew Dragon flights]]''' |
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| previous_mission2 = [[Inspiration4]] |
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| next_mission2 = [[Axiom Mission 1]] |
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}} |
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'''SpaceX Crew-3''' was the [[SpaceX Dragon 2|Crew Dragon's]] third [[NASA]] [[Commercial Crew Program|Commercial Crew]] operational flight, and its fifth overall crewed orbital flight. The mission successfully launched on 11 November 2021 at 02:03:31 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] to the [[International Space Station]].<ref name="SFN20211111-2">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/11/11/spacex-debuts-new-dragon-capsule-in-launch-to-the-international-space-station/|title=SpaceX debuts new Dragon capsule in launch to the International Space Station|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=11 November 2021}}</ref> It was the [[maiden flight]] of [[Crew Dragon Endurance|Crew Dragon ''Endurance'']].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Stephen |title=Astronauts choose 'Endurance' as name for new SpaceX crew capsule – Spaceflight Now |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/10/08/astronauts-choose-endurance-as-name-for-new-spacex-crew-capsule/ |access-date=2022-05-06 |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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This launch brought the total number of [[Space travelers|humans who have been to space]] to more than 600 with Maurer (600) and Barron (601).<ref name="NYTimesUpdates">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/10/science/600-astronauts-space.html|url-access=limited|title=More than 600 human beings have now been to space|last=Roulette|first=Joey|newspaper=The New York Times |quote=They've tipped the number of people to have gone to space to over 600, according to a tally maintained by NASA|date=10 November 2021|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> |
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== Name == |
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'''SpaceX Crew-3''' will be the third crewed operational flight of a [[SpaceX Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]] spacecraft, and the fourth overall crewed orbital flight. The mission is currently planned to launch in September 2021.<ref name="Inverse20201001"/><ref name="SFN20201116"/> At a NASA briefing held on September 29, 2020, Benji Reed, senior director of human spaceflight programs at SpaceX, said final launch date determined by refurbishment of the [[Crew Dragon Resilience|''Resilience'']] capsule after Crew-1 recovery.<ref name=“SN20200930“/><ref name="Teslarati02"/> The Crew-3 mission will transport four members of the crew to the [[International Space Station]]. |
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Crew Dragon capsules have been given names by their initial crews — ''[[Crew Dragon Endeavour|Endeavour]]'' for the first, and ''[[Crew Dragon Resilience|Resilience]]'' for the second. On 7 October 2021, it was announced that the third capsule will be called ''[[Crew Dragon Endurance|Endurance]]''.<ref>{{cite AV media|date=2 May 2021|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xztx8cHVZ98|title=NASA's SpaceX Crew1 Post-Splashdown Briefing|publisher=NASA Video|via=YouTube|access-date=2 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010031444/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xztx8cHVZ98|archive-date=10 October 2021 |url-status=live}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> The name honors the SpaceX and NASA teams that endured through a [[COVID-19 pandemic|pandemic]], building the spacecraft and training the [[astronaut|astronauts]] who flew it.<ref>{{cite web|last=Wall|first=Mike|title=Meet "Endurance": New SpaceX Crew Dragon capsule gets a name|url=https://www.space.com/spacex-crew-dragon-capsule-named-endurance|publisher=Space.com|date=2021-10-07|access-date=2021-11-14}}</ref> The name also honors ''[[Endurance (1912 ship)|Endurance]]'', the ship used by [[Ernest Shackleton|Shackleton]]'s [[Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition]]. The three-masted vessel sank in 1915 after being bound in ice before reaching Antarctica.<ref name="SFN20211008">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/10/08/astronauts-choose-endurance-as-name-for-new-spacex-crew-capsule/|title=Astronauts choose "Endurance" as name for new SpaceX crew capsule|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=8 October 2021|access-date=8 October 2021}}</ref> |
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== Crew == |
== Crew == |
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German ESA astronaut [[Matthias Maurer]] was selected first for the mission in September 2020.<ref name="Inverse20201001"/><ref name="SF-Crew-3"/><ref name="Twitter20200908"/> NASA astronauts [[Raja Chari]] and [[Thomas Marshburn]] were added on 14 December 2020 to the crew.<ref name="Crew3Announcement"/><ref name="SFN20201229"/> The fourth seat was left open in anticipation that a Russian cosmonaut would take the seat, marking the beginning of a barter agreement that would see NASA and [[Roscosmos]] trade seats on the [[Soyuz (spacecraft)|Soyuz]] and Commercial Crew Vehicles, although in April 2021 then-acting NASA administration [[Steve Jurczyk]] said that this agreement would be unlikely to start until after Crew-3 had launched.<ref name="SFN20210424">{{cite web|last=Clark|first=Stephen|title=NASA chief: Russian cosmonauts unlikely fly on U.S. crew capsules until next year|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/04/20/nasa-chief-russian-cosmonauts-unlikely-fly-on-u-s-crew-capsules-until-next-year/|publisher=Spaceflight Now|access-date=24 April 2021}}.</ref> The fourth seat was assigned to [[Kayla Barron]] in May 2021.<ref name="Barron">{{cite web|title=Kayla Barron Joins NASA's SpaceX Crew-3 Mission to Space Station|url=https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/kayla-barron-joins-nasa-s-spacex-crew-3-mission-to-space-station|publisher=NASA|date=17 May 2021|access-date=17 May 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> |
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Michal Vaclavik, Czech representative at the [[ESA|European Space Agency]], confirmed via Twitter the Crew-3 mission is currently scheduled for September 2021. The mission will send up ESA astronaut Matthias Maurer, born in Sankt Wendel in Germany.<ref name="Inverse20201001"/><ref name=“Twitter20200908”/><ref name=“SF-Crew-3”/> |
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Chari is the first [[rookie]] astronaut to command a NASA space mission since the [[Skylab 4]] crew blasted off to the [[Skylab]] space station in 1973. [[Gerald Carr (astronaut)|Gerald Carr]], who had not flown in space before, led a three-man crew on an 84-day flight on the Skylab.<ref name="SFN20211111">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/11/10/raja-chari-is-the-first-rookie-astronaut-in-nearly-50-years-to-command-a-nasa-mission/|title=Raja Chari is the first rookie astronaut in 48 years to command a NASA mission|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=10 November 2021|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> This was also the first spaceflight for Maurer and Barron.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2021/11/crew-3-launch/|title=SpaceX launches mostly-rookie Crew-3 mission to ISS |website=nasaspaceflight.com|date=10 November 2021 |access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> |
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{{Spaceflight crew |
{{Spaceflight crew |
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| crew = prime |
| crew = prime |
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|terminology = Astronaut |
| terminology = Astronaut |
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|position1 = Spacecraft commander |
| position1 = Spacecraft commander |
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|crew1_up = {{Flagicon| |
| crew1_up = {{Flagicon|United States}} [[Raja Chari]] |
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|flights1_up = |
| flights1_up = First |
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|agency1_up = [[NASA]] |
| agency1_up = [[NASA]] |
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|expedition1_up = |
| expedition1_up = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]] |
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|position2 = Pilot |
| position2 = Pilot |
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|crew2_up = {{Flagicon| |
| crew2_up = {{Flagicon|United States}} [[Thomas Marshburn]] |
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|flights2_up = |
| flights2_up = Third and last |
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|agency2_up = [[NASA]] |
| agency2_up = [[NASA]] |
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|expedition2_up = |
| expedition2_up = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]] |
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|position3 = Mission |
| position3 = Mission specialist 1 <ref name="JSR799"/> |
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|crew3_up = {{Flagicon| |
| crew3_up = {{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Matthias Maurer]] |
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|flights3_up = First |
| flights3_up = First |
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|agency3_up = [[ |
| agency3_up = [[European Space Agency|ESA]] |
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|expedition3_up = |
| expedition3_up = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]] |
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|position4 = Mission |
| position4 = Mission specialist 2 <ref name="JSR799"/> |
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|crew4_up = {{Flagicon| |
| crew4_up = {{Flagicon|United States}} [[Kayla Barron]] |
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|flights4_up = First |
| flights4_up = First |
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|agency4_up = [[ |
| agency4_up = [[NASA]] |
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|expedition4_up = |
| expedition4_up = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]] |
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| notes = References:<ref name="JSR799">{{cite web|url=https://www.planet4589.org/latest.html|title=JSR 799 draft|publisher=Jonathan's Space Report|date=10 November 2021|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref><ref name="SN20201214">{{cite web|url=https://spacenews.com/nasa-assigns-astronauts-for-third-spacex-commercial-crew-mission/|title=NASA assigns astronauts for third SpaceX commercial crew mission |publisher=SpaceNews |date=14 December 2020|access-date=21 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="SF-Crew-3"/><ref name="Crew3Announcement"/><ref name="SFN20201229"/><ref name="Barron"/> |
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| notes = <ref name="spacefacts"/> |
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}} |
}} |
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{{As of|2020|11}}, the Crew-3 backup crew has not yet been announced. |
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{{Spaceflight crew |
{{Spaceflight crew |
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| crew |
| crew = backup |
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|terminology |
| terminology = Astronaut |
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|references = |
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|position1 |
| position1 = Spacecraft commander |
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|crew1_up |
| crew1_up = {{Flagicon|United States}} [[Kjell N. Lindgren]] |
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| agency1_up = [[NASA]] |
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|flights1_up = |
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|agency1_up = |
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|expedition1_up = |
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|position2 |
| position2 = Pilot |
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|crew2_up |
| crew2_up = {{Flagicon|United States}} [[Robert Hines (astronaut)|Robert Hines]] |
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| agency2_up = [[NASA]] |
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|flights2_up = |
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|agency2_up = |
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|expedition2_up = |
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|position3 |
| position3 = Mission specialist 1 |
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|crew3_up |
| crew3_up = {{Flagicon|Italy}} [[Samantha Cristoforetti]] |
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| agency3_up = [[European Space Agency|ESA]] |
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|flights3_up = |
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|agency3_up = |
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|expedition3_up = |
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|position4 |
| position4 = Mission specialist 2 |
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|crew4_up |
| crew4_up = {{Flagicon|United States}} [[Stephanie Wilson]] |
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| agency4_up = [[NASA]] |
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|flights4_up = |
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|agency4_up = |
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| notes = References:<ref>{{cite web|last1=Whiting|first1=Melanie|title=Kjell N. Lindgren (M.D.) NASA Astronaut|url=https://www.nasa.gov/astronauts/biographies/kjell-n-lindgren/biography|publisher=NASA|date=7 March 2016|access-date=7 May 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Robert Hines NASA Astronaut|url=https://www.nasa.gov/content/astronaut-candidate-bob-hines |publisher=NASA|date=26 April 2021|access-date=13 June 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet|last=Marshburn|first=Thomas|user=AstroMarshburn|number=1403769065194274818|date=12 June 2021|title=Had a great week in Cologne, Germany, home of our crewmate @astro_matthias Our backup, @Astro_Stephanie joined us for our final training trip to the European Space Agency before we launch this fall! https://t.co/Zn8TaDn9NK|access-date=2 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101131639/https://twitter.com/AstroMarshburn/status/1403769065194274818|archive-date=1 November 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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|expedition4_up = |
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}} |
}} |
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The first astronauts of this [[NASA Astronaut Group 22]] (nicknamed ''The Turtles'') to fly to space, Raja Chari and Kayla Barron on SpaceX Crew-3 took a [[Stuffed toy|stuffed]] turtle as zero-g indicator, to pay a tribute to their astronaut group.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/sciguyspace/status/1458620101784129547|title=SpaceX Crew-3|publisher=Twitter|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> Additionally, to include the other crew members on board, Matthias Maurer and Tom Marshburn, the turtle was named "Pfau", a German word meaning "Peacock" for Matthias Maurer who is German, and for Tom Marshburn who was part of [[NASA Astronaut Group 19]] (nicknamed ''The Peacocks'').<ref>{{cite web|title=Crew-3 Mission|website=YouTube|date=11 November 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aknndyovSKs|access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref> |
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== Mission == |
== Mission == |
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The third SpaceX operational mission in the [[Commercial Crew Program]] is currently scheduled to launch in September 2021.<ref name="SFN20201116"/> |
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The third SpaceX operational mission in the [[Commercial Crew Program]] was originally scheduled to launch on 31 October 2021.<ref name="nasa-20211019">{{cite web|last=Sempsrott|first=Danielle |url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/commercialcrew/2021/10/19/nasa-spacex-adjust-next-crew-launch-date-to-space-station|title=NASA, SpaceX Adjust Next Crew Launch Date to Space Station|publisher=NASA|date=19 October 2021|access-date=20 October 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> However, it was delayed to 3 November 2021 due to unfavorable weather in the Atlantic Ocean,<ref name="nasa-20211030">{{cite web|last=Sempsrott |first=Danielle|url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/commercialcrew/2021/10/30/nasa-spacex-adjust-next-space-station-crew-rotation-launch-date-2/|title=NASA, SpaceX Adjust Next Space Station Crew Rotation Launch Date |publisher=NASA|date=30 October 2021|access-date=30 October 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> and then further delayed to 7 November 2021 due to a minor medical issue with one of the astronauts.<ref name="Weather">{{cite web|url=https://www.space.com/spacex-crew-3-launch-astronaut-medical-issue-delay|title=SpaceX's Crew-3 astronaut launch for NASA delayed by "minor medical issue"|publisher=Space.com|date=1 November 2021 |access-date=5 November 2021}}</ref> Due to expected bad weather, it was again delayed to 9 November 2021.<ref name="SFN20211104">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/11/04/nasa-rules-out-weekend-crew-dragon-launch-may-bring-station-crew-home-first/|title=NASA rules out weekend Crew Dragon launch, may bring station crew home first|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=4 November 2021|access-date=5 November 2021}}</ref> |
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Due to the launch delays, NASA decided to return the astronauts from Crew-2 before Crew-3 launched, thus being the first Crew Dragon indirect handover of space station crews.<ref name="APNEWS">{{cite web |url=https://apnews.com/article/space-exploration-science-business-weather-26ca18622d5779b79aeac5bc41392cbe|title=SpaceX crew launch bumped to next week; astronaut on mend|website=[[Associated Press]]|agency=AP News|date=4 November 2021|access-date=5 November 2021}}</ref> SpaceX Crew-2 departed the station on 8 November 2021 and splashed down on 9 November 2021. SpaceX Crew-3 mission launched from Cape Canaveral on 11 November 2021 at 02:03:31 UTC.<ref name="NSF20211105">{{cite web|url=https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=51899.msg2307149;topicseen#new|title=Forum Crew-3|publisher=NASASpaceFlight.com|date=5 November 2021|access-date=6 November 2021}}</ref> |
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The return of Crew-3 was delayed multiple times, from April 2022 to early May. Undocking happened on 5 May (05:20 UTC), with [[splashdown]] occurring the following day after spending 176 days in [[space]].<ref>{{Cite web |author1=Mike Wall |date=2022-05-03 |title=SpaceX's Crew-3 astronaut mission will return to Earth early Friday morning |url=https://www.space.com/spacex-crew3-mission-return-to-earth-friday |access-date=2022-05-04 |website=Space.com |language=en}}</ref> |
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The European segment of the mission is called "Cosmic Kiss".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/ESA_astronaut_Matthias_Maurer_officially_assigned_first_flight|title=ESA astronaut Matthias Maurer officially assigned first flight |website=esa.int|publisher=ESA|date=14 December 2020|access-date=15 December 2020}}</ref> |
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== Gallery == |
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{{Gallery |
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| title = SpaceX Crew-3 |
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| align = center |
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| footer = |
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| style = text-align:center; |
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| mode = packed |
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|File:SpaceX Crew-3 Dry Dress Rehearsal (KSC-20211028-PH SPX02 0012).jpg |
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|Crew-3 astronauts during dress rehearsals |
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| alt1= |
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|Launch of Falcon 9 Flight 127 (KSC-20211110-PH-KNO02 0005).jpg |
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|Launch of Crew-3 |
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|alt2= |
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|NASA’s SpaceX Crew-3 Splashdown (NHQ202205060001).jpg |
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|Crew-3 reenters the atmosphere |
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|alt3= |
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|The SpaceX Crew Dragon Endurance approaches the station (iss066e077617).jpg |
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|Crew Dragon ''Endurance'' approaches the ISS |
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|alt4= |
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|NASA’s SpaceX Crew-3 Splashdown (NHQ202205060003).jpg |
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|Crew-3 astronauts after splashdown |
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|alt5= |
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}} |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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* [[Crew Dragon C206|Dragon C206 ''Endeavour'']] |
* [[Crew Dragon C206|Dragon C206 ''Endeavour'']] |
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* [[Crew Dragon C207|Dragon C207 ''Resilience'']] |
* [[Crew Dragon C207|Dragon C207 ''Resilience'']] |
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* [[Crew Dragon C210|Dragon C210 ''Endurance'']] |
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* [[Boeing CST-100 Starliner]] |
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* [[Crew Dragon Freedom|Dragon C212 ''Freedom'']] |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{Reflist| |
{{Reflist|30em|refs= |
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<ref name="SFN20201116">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/launch-schedule/|title=Launch Schedule|last=Clark|first=Stephen|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=16 November 2020}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Teslarati02">{{cite web|url=https://www.teslarati.com/spacex-nasa-astronaut-launch-rocket-reuse-approval/|title=SpaceX wins NASA approval to launch astronauts on reused rockets and spacecraft |website=teslarati.com|date=9 June 2020|last=Ralph|first=Eric|access-date=16 November 2020}}</ref> |
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<ref name= |
<ref name="SF-Crew-3">{{cite web|url=http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/crew-3.htm|title=Spaceflight mission report: SpaceX Crew-3|publisher=Space Facts|first=Joachim Wilhelm Josef|last=Becker|date=13 November 2020|access-date=16 November 2020}}</ref> |
||
<ref name="Inverse20201001">{{cite web|url= |
<ref name="Inverse20201001">{{cite web|url=https://www.inverse.com/innovation/spacex-crew-dragon-nasa-flights|title=SpaceX and NASA Detail a Packed 12 months for Crew Dragon: What to Know|first=Mike|last=Brown |publisher=Inverse|date=1 October 2020|access-date=16 November 2020}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Twitter20200908">{{cite tweet|author=Crewed Spaceflight Tweets|user=MannedTweets|number=1303464156620873728|date=8 September 2020|title=BREAKING NEWS ‼ Michal Vaclavik, Czech representative at ESA: Now baked at ESA. It is clear that ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet will fly on Crew-2, but we have now agreed that another ESA astronaut, Matthias Maurer, will fly to Crew-3 in September 2021. @ShuttleAlmanac https://t.co/lQ7LPYfaDp|access-date=2 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021055641/https://twitter.com/MannedTweets/status/1303464156620873728|archive-date=21 October 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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<ref name=“SN20200930“>{{cite web|url=https://spacenews.com/spacex-has-busy-manifest-of-dragon-missions/|title= SpaceX has busy manifest of Dragon missions|publisher=Space News|first=Jeff|last=Foust|date=30 September 2020|access-date=16 November 2020}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Crew3Announcement">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-esa-choose-astronauts-for-spacex-crew-3-mission-to-space-station|title=NASA, ESA Choose Astronauts for SpaceX Crew-3 Mission to Space Station|last=Potter|first=Sean|publisher=NASA|date=14 December 2020|access-date=14 December 2020}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> |
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<ref name=“Twitter20200908”>{{cite tweet |user=MannedTweets|author=Manned Spaceflight Tweets|number=1303464156620873728 |date=8 September 2020|title=ESA astronaut, Matthias Maurer, will fly on Crew-3 in September 2021}}</ref> |
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<ref name="SFN20201229">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2020/12/29/three-astronauts-assigned-to-crew-dragon-mission-in-late-2021/|title=Three astronauts assigned to Crew Dragon mission in late 2021 |last=Clark|first=Stephen|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=29 December 2020|access-date=29 December 2020}}</ref> |
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}} |
}} |
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{{Crewed ISS flights}} |
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{{SpaceX Dragon}} |
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{{SpaceX missions and payloads}} |
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{{Orbital launches in 2021}} |
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{{Portal bar|Spaceflight}} |
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{{Manned ISS flights}} |
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{{Dragon spaceflights}} |
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{{Falcon rocket launches}} |
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{{Future spaceflights}} |
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[[Category:SpaceX Dragon 2]] |
[[Category:SpaceX Dragon 2]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 2021]] |
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[[Category:SpaceX payloads contracted by NASA]] |
[[Category:SpaceX payloads contracted by NASA]] |
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[[Category:SpaceX human spaceflights]] |
[[Category:SpaceX human spaceflights]] |
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[[Category:Future human spaceflights]] |
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[[Category:2021 in the United States]] |
[[Category:2021 in the United States]] |
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Revision as of 10:31, 14 July 2024
![]() Crew Dragon Endurance docked to the ISS during Crew-3 | |
Names | USCV-3 |
---|---|
Mission type | ISS crew transport |
Operator | SpaceX |
COSPAR ID | 2021-103A |
SATCAT no. | 49407![]() |
Mission duration | 176 days, 2 hours and 39 minutes |
Spacecraft properties | |
Spacecraft | Crew Dragon Endurance |
Spacecraft type | Crew Dragon |
Manufacturer | SpaceX |
Launch mass | 12,055 kg (26,577 lb)[1] |
Crew | |
Crew size | 4 |
Mitglieder | |
Expedition | Expedition 66 / 67 |
Start of mission | |
Launch date | 11 November 2021, 02:03:31 UTC |
Rocket | Falcon 9 Block 5 (B1067.2) |
Launch site | Kennedy Space Center, LC-39A |
Contractor | SpaceX |
End of mission | |
Recovered by | MV Shannon |
Landing date | 6 May 2022, 04:43 UTC[2] |
Landing site | Gulf of Mexico |
Orbital parameters | |
Reference system | Geocentric orbit |
Regime | Low Earth orbit |
Inclination | 51.66° |
Docking with International Space Station | |
Docking port | Harmony forward |
Docking date | 11 November 2021, 23:32 UTC |
Undocking date | 5 May 2022, 05:20 UTC [3][2] |
Time docked | 174 days and 6 hours |
![]() SpaceX Crew-3 mission patch ![]() Chari, Marshburn, Maurer and Barron |
SpaceX Crew-3 was the Crew Dragon's third NASA Commercial Crew operational flight, and its fifth overall crewed orbital flight. The mission successfully launched on 11 November 2021 at 02:03:31 UTC to the International Space Station.[4] It was the maiden flight of Crew Dragon Endurance.[5]
This launch brought the total number of humans who have been to space to more than 600 with Maurer (600) and Barron (601).[6]
Name
Crew Dragon capsules have been given names by their initial crews — Endeavour for the first, and Resilience for the second. On 7 October 2021, it was announced that the third capsule will be called Endurance.[7] The name honors the SpaceX and NASA teams that endured through a pandemic, building the spacecraft and training the astronauts who flew it.[8] The name also honors Endurance, the ship used by Shackleton's Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition. The three-masted vessel sank in 1915 after being bound in ice before reaching Antarctica.[9]
Crew
German ESA astronaut Matthias Maurer was selected first for the mission in September 2020.[10][11][12] NASA astronauts Raja Chari and Thomas Marshburn were added on 14 December 2020 to the crew.[13][14] The fourth seat was left open in anticipation that a Russian cosmonaut would take the seat, marking the beginning of a barter agreement that would see NASA and Roscosmos trade seats on the Soyuz and Commercial Crew Vehicles, although in April 2021 then-acting NASA administration Steve Jurczyk said that this agreement would be unlikely to start until after Crew-3 had launched.[15] The fourth seat was assigned to Kayla Barron in May 2021.[16]
Chari is the first rookie astronaut to command a NASA space mission since the Skylab 4 crew blasted off to the Skylab space station in 1973. Gerald Carr, who had not flown in space before, led a three-man crew on an 84-day flight on the Skylab.[17] This was also the first spaceflight for Maurer and Barron.[18]
Position | Astronaut | |
---|---|---|
Spacecraft commander | ![]() Expedition 66 / 67 First spaceflight | |
Pilot | ![]() Expedition 66 / 67 Third and last spaceflight | |
Mission specialist 1 [19] | ![]() Expedition 66 / 67 First spaceflight | |
Mission specialist 2 [19] | ![]() Expedition 66 / 67 First spaceflight | |
References:[19][20][11][13][14][16] |
Position | Astronaut | |
---|---|---|
Spacecraft commander | ![]() | |
Pilot | ![]() | |
Mission specialist 1 | ![]() | |
Mission specialist 2 | ![]() | |
References:[21][22][23] |
The first astronauts of this NASA Astronaut Group 22 (nicknamed The Turtles) to fly to space, Raja Chari and Kayla Barron on SpaceX Crew-3 took a stuffed turtle as zero-g indicator, to pay a tribute to their astronaut group.[24] Additionally, to include the other crew members on board, Matthias Maurer and Tom Marshburn, the turtle was named "Pfau", a German word meaning "Peacock" for Matthias Maurer who is German, and for Tom Marshburn who was part of NASA Astronaut Group 19 (nicknamed The Peacocks).[25]
Mission
The third SpaceX operational mission in the Commercial Crew Program was originally scheduled to launch on 31 October 2021.[26] However, it was delayed to 3 November 2021 due to unfavorable weather in the Atlantic Ocean,[27] and then further delayed to 7 November 2021 due to a minor medical issue with one of the astronauts.[28] Due to expected bad weather, it was again delayed to 9 November 2021.[29]
Due to the launch delays, NASA decided to return the astronauts from Crew-2 before Crew-3 launched, thus being the first Crew Dragon indirect handover of space station crews.[30] SpaceX Crew-2 departed the station on 8 November 2021 and splashed down on 9 November 2021. SpaceX Crew-3 mission launched from Cape Canaveral on 11 November 2021 at 02:03:31 UTC.[31]
The return of Crew-3 was delayed multiple times, from April 2022 to early May. Undocking happened on 5 May (05:20 UTC), with splashdown occurring the following day after spending 176 days in space.[32]
The European segment of the mission is called "Cosmic Kiss".[33]
Gallery
See also
References
- ^ "Dragon Endurance". NASA. 14 November 2021. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
Mass: 12055 kg
- ^ a b Kelvey, Jon (2 May 2022). "Nasa's Crew-3 astronauts set to return to Earth this week". The Independent. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
Nasa's head of human spaceflight Kathy Lueders said the space agency aims to have the Crew-3 astronauts undock from the ISS in their Crew Dragon spacecraft around pm EDT on Wednesday 4 May, with a splashdown off the Florida coast to follow on 5 May.
- ^ Kanayama, Lee (27 April 2022). "Crew Dragon Freedom makes its first docking at the ISS on the Crew-4 mission". NASASpaceFlight.com. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
This handover is expected to be complete by May 4, when Endurance is slated to depart the ISS, however this timeline will be contingent on recovery weather conditions.
- ^ "SpaceX debuts new Dragon capsule in launch to the International Space Station". Spaceflight Now. 11 November 2021.
- ^ Clark, Stephen. "Astronauts choose 'Endurance' as name for new SpaceX crew capsule – Spaceflight Now". Retrieved 6 May 2022.
- ^ Roulette, Joey (10 November 2021). "More than 600 human beings have now been to space". The New York Times. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
They've tipped the number of people to have gone to space to over 600, according to a tally maintained by NASA
- ^ NASA's SpaceX Crew1 Post-Splashdown Briefing. NASA Video. 2 May 2021. Archived from the original on 10 October 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2021 – via YouTube.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Wall, Mike (7 October 2021). "Meet "Endurance": New SpaceX Crew Dragon capsule gets a name". Space.com. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
- ^ "Astronauts choose "Endurance" as name for new SpaceX crew capsule". Spaceflight Now. 8 October 2021. Retrieved 8 October 2021.
- ^ Brown, Mike (1 October 2020). "SpaceX and NASA Detail a Packed 12 months for Crew Dragon: What to Know". Inverse. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
- ^ a b Becker, Joachim Wilhelm Josef (13 November 2020). "Spaceflight mission report: SpaceX Crew-3". Space Facts. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
- ^ Crewed Spaceflight Tweets [@MannedTweets] (8 September 2020). "BREAKING NEWS ‼ Michal Vaclavik, Czech representative at ESA: Now baked at ESA. It is clear that ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet will fly on Crew-2, but we have now agreed that another ESA astronaut, Matthias Maurer, will fly to Crew-3 in September 2021. @ShuttleAlmanac https://t.co/lQ7LPYfaDp" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2021 – via Twitter.
- ^ a b Potter, Sean (14 December 2020). "NASA, ESA Choose Astronauts for SpaceX Crew-3 Mission to Space Station". NASA. Retrieved 14 December 2020.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ a b Clark, Stephen (29 December 2020). "Three astronauts assigned to Crew Dragon mission in late 2021". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
- ^ Clark, Stephen. "NASA chief: Russian cosmonauts unlikely fly on U.S. crew capsules until next year". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 24 April 2021..
- ^ a b "Kayla Barron Joins NASA's SpaceX Crew-3 Mission to Space Station". NASA. 17 May 2021. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "Raja Chari is the first rookie astronaut in 48 years to command a NASA mission". Spaceflight Now. 10 November 2021. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- ^ "SpaceX launches mostly-rookie Crew-3 mission to ISS". nasaspaceflight.com. 10 November 2021. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- ^ a b c "JSR 799 draft". Jonathan's Space Report. 10 November 2021. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- ^ "NASA assigns astronauts for third SpaceX commercial crew mission". SpaceNews. 14 December 2020. Retrieved 21 December 2020.
- ^ Whiting, Melanie (7 March 2016). "Kjell N. Lindgren (M.D.) NASA Astronaut". NASA. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "Robert Hines NASA Astronaut". NASA. 26 April 2021. Retrieved 13 June 2021.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Marshburn, Thomas [@AstroMarshburn] (12 June 2021). "Had a great week in Cologne, Germany, home of our crewmate @astro_matthias Our backup, @Astro_Stephanie joined us for our final training trip to the European Space Agency before we launch this fall! https://t.co/Zn8TaDn9NK" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 1 November 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2021 – via Twitter.
- ^ "SpaceX Crew-3". Twitter. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- ^ "Crew-3 Mission". YouTube. 11 November 2021. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ Sempsrott, Danielle (19 October 2021). "NASA, SpaceX Adjust Next Crew Launch Date to Space Station". NASA. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Sempsrott, Danielle (30 October 2021). "NASA, SpaceX Adjust Next Space Station Crew Rotation Launch Date". NASA. Retrieved 30 October 2021.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "SpaceX's Crew-3 astronaut launch for NASA delayed by "minor medical issue"". Space.com. 1 November 2021. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
- ^ "NASA rules out weekend Crew Dragon launch, may bring station crew home first". Spaceflight Now. 4 November 2021. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
- ^ "SpaceX crew launch bumped to next week; astronaut on mend". Associated Press. AP News. 4 November 2021. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
- ^ "Forum Crew-3". NASASpaceFlight.com. 5 November 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2021.
- ^ Mike Wall (3 May 2022). "SpaceX's Crew-3 astronaut mission will return to Earth early Friday morning". Space.com. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
- ^ "ESA astronaut Matthias Maurer officially assigned first flight". esa.int. ESA. 14 December 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2020.