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{{Short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{short description|Index of articles related to the Soviet Union}}
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Additions to this list should have national significance
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| native_name = {{nowrap|{{small|Союз Советских Социалистических Республик}}}}<br>{{nowrap|{{small|''Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik''}}}}
| native_name = {{nowrap|{{small|Союз Советских Социалистических Республик}}}}<br>{{nowrap|{{small|''Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik''}}}}
| era =
| era =
| religion = [[Secular state]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/russian/const/36cons04.html |title=ARTICLE 124. |access-date=4 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190102163245/http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/russian/const/36cons04.html |archive-date=2 January 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/russian/const/77cons02.html |title=Article 52. |access-date=4 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190216062245/http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/russian/const/77cons02.html |archive-date=16 February 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><br>[[State atheism]]{{efn|''De facto''.}}
| government_type = {{plainlist|
* '''1922–1927:'''<br>[[Federalism|Federal]] [[Leninism|Leninist]] [[One-party state|one-party]] [[Socialist state|socialist republic]]
* '''1927–1953:'''<br>[[Stalinism|Stalinist]] [[One-party state|one-party]] [[Totalitarianism|totalitarian]] dictatorship<ref>Jan Plamper, ''The Stalin Cult: A Study in the Alchemy of Power'' (2012).</ref><ref>Isaac Deutscher, ''Stalin: A Polityical Biography'' (2nd edition, 1961) chapters 7–9 [https://archive.org/details/stalinpoliticalb00deut/page/n7 online]</ref><ref>T. B. Bottomore. ''A Dictionary of Marxist thought''. (Wiley-Blackwell, 1991). p. 54.</ref>
* '''1953–1990:'''<ref>{{cite book|last=Rutland|first=Peter|year=1993|title=The Politics of Economic Stagnation in the Soviet Union: The Role of Local Party Organs in Economic Management|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-39241-9|page=9|quote=[...] after 1953. [...] This was still an oppressive regime, but not a totalitarian one.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor-first=Yaacov|editor-last=Ro'i|last=Krupnik|first=Igor|chapter=4. Soviet Cultural and Ethnic Policies Towards Jews: A Legacy Reassessed|year=1995|title=Jews and Jewish Life in Russia and the Soviet Union|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-714-64619-0|quote=The era of 'social engineering' in the Soviet Union ended with the death of Stalin in 1953 or soon after; and that was the close of the totalitarian regime itself.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|first=Klaus|last=von Beyme|author-link=Klaus von Beyme|year=2014|title=On Political Culture, Cultural Policy, Art and Politics|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-01559-0|page=65|quote=The Soviet Union after the death of Stalin moved from totalitarianism to authoritarian rule.}}</ref><br>[[Federalism|Federal]] [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist–Leninist]] [[One-party state|one-party]] [[Socialist state|socialist republic]]<ref name="ml1">''Historical Dictionary of Socialism''. James C. Docherty, Peter Lamb. Page 85. "The Soviet Union was a one-party Marxist-Leninist state".</ref><ref name="ml2">[http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/ruseur_wp_010.pdf "Ideology, Interests, and Identity"]. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721063619/http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/ruseur_wp_010.pdf |date=21 July 2013 }}. Stephen H. Hanson. Page 14. "the USSR was officially a Marxist-Leninist state".</ref><ref name="ml3">[http://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1078&context=ilr "The Fine Line between Enforcement of Human Rights Agreements and the Violation of National Sovereignty: The Case of Soviet Dissidents"]. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808044353/http://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1078&context=ilr|date=8 August 2014 }}. Jennifer Noe Pahre. p. 336. "[...] the Soviet Union, as a Marxist-Leninist state [...]". p. 348. "The Soviet Union is a Marxist–Leninist state".</ref><ref name="ml4">[http://www.epa.hu/00000/00010/00020/pdf/HSR_1989_1-2_023-046.pdf Leninist National Policy: Solution to the "National Question"?] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808041725/http://www.epa.hu/00000/00010/00020/pdf/HSR_1989_1-2_023-046.pdf|date=8 August 2014}}. Walker Connor. Page 31. "[...] four Marxist-Leninist states (the Soviet Union, China, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia)[...]".</ref>
* '''1990–1991:'''<br>[[Federal republic|Federal]] [[Semi-presidential system|semi-presidential republic]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://constitution.garant.ru/history/ussr-rsfsr/1977/zakony/185465|title=Law of the USSR of March 14, 1990 N 1360-I 'On the establishment of the office of the President of the USSR and the making of changes and additions to the Constitution (Basic Law) of the USSR'|publisher=Garant.ru|access-date=12 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010070843/http://constitution.garant.ru/history/ussr-rsfsr/1977/zakony/185465/|archive-date=10 October 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}
| life_span = 1922–1991
| life_span = 1922–1991
| event_pre = [[Bolshevik Coup]]
| date_pre = 7 November 1917
| date_start = 30 December 1922
| event_start = [[Treaty on the Creation of the USSR|Established]]
| event1 = [[Russian Civil War|Civil War]] [[Yakut revolt|ended]]
| date_event1 = 16 June 1923
| event2 = [[1924 Constitution of the Soviet Union|First constitution]]
| date_event2 = 31 January 1924
| event3 = [[1936 Constitution of the Soviet Union|Second constitution]]
| date_event3 = 5 December 1936
| event4 = [[Operation Barbarossa]]
| date_event4 = 22 June 1941
| event5 = {{nowrap|[[Victory Day (Russia)|Victory]] in [[Eastern Front (World War II)|World War II]]}}
| date_event5 = 9 May 1945
| event6 = [[De-Stalinization]]
| date_event6 = 25 February 1956
| event7 = [[1977 Constitution of the Soviet Union|Last constitution]]
| date_event7 = 9 October 1977
| event8 = [[Lithuanian SSR|First republic]] [[Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania|secedes]]
| date_event8 = 11 March 1990
| event9 = [[Article 6 of the Soviet Constitution|Multi-party system]]
| date_event9 = 14 March 1990
| event10 = [[1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt|August Coup]]
| date_event10 = 19–22 August 1991
| event_end = [[Belovezha Accords]]
| date_end = 8 December 1991
| date_post = 26 December 1991{{ref|1}}
| event_post = [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union|Proclaimed dissolved]]
| image_flag = Flag of the Soviet Union (1936-1955).svg
| image_flag = Flag of the Soviet Union (1936-1955).svg
| flag_type_article = [[Flag of the Soviet Union]]
| flag_type_article = [[Flag of the Soviet Union]]
| flag_type = [[Flag of the Soviet Union|Flag of the Soviet Union]]<br>(1936–1955)
| flag_type = [[Flag of the Soviet Union]]<br>(1936–1955)
| flag = Flag of the Soviet Union
| flag = Flag of the Soviet Union
| image_coat = State Emblem of the Soviet Union.svg
| image_coat = State Emblem of the Soviet Union.svg
Line 58: Line 23:
| image_map_size = 220
| image_map_size = 220
| image_map_caption = The Soviet Union from 1945 to 1991
| image_map_caption = The Soviet Union from 1945 to 1991
| capital = Moscow
| coordinates = {{coord|55|45|N|37|37|E|type:city}}
| largest_city = Capital
| national_motto = <br>"[[Workers of the world, unite!|Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь!]]"<br>''Proletarii vsekh stran, soyedinyaytes'!''<br>("Workers of the world, unite!")
| national_anthem = <br>"[[The Internationale|Интернационал]]"<br>''Internatsional''<br>("The Internationale")<br>(1922–1944)<br><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">[[File:Internationale-ru.ogg|center]]</div><br>"[[State Anthem of the Soviet Union|Государственный гимн СССР]]"<br>''Gosudarstvennyy gimn SSSR''<br>("State Anthem of the USSR")<br>(1944–1991){{ref|2}}<br><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">[[File:Soviet Union national anthem (instrumental), 1977.oga|center]]</div>
| official_languages = Russian{{efn|''De facto'' before 1990.}}{{ref|3}}
| regional_languages = {{hlist|[[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]|[[Belarusian language|Belarusian]]|[[Uzbek language|Uzbek]]|[[Kazakh language|Kazakh]]|[[Georgian language|Georgian]]|[[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]]|[[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]]|[[Moldovan language|Moldavian]]|[[Latvian language|Latvian]]|[[Kyrgyz language|Kyrgyz]]|[[Tajik language|Tajik]]|[[Armenian language|Armenian]]|[[Turkmen language|Turkmen]]|[[Estonian language|Estonian]]}}
| languages_type = Minority languages
| languages = {{hlist|[[Abkhaz language|Abkhaz]]|[[Bashkir language|Bashkir]]|[[Buryat language|Buryat]]|[[Chechen language|Chechen]]|[[Finnish language|Finnish]]|[[German language|Volga German]]|[[Korean language|Korean]]|[[Ossetian language|Ossetian]]|[[Polish language|Polish]]|[[Tatar language|Tatar]]|[[Languages of the Soviet Union|various others]]}}
| ethnic_groups = {{plainlist|
* 70% [[East Slavs]]
* 12% [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]]
* 18% [[Demographics of the Soviet Union|other]]
}}
| ethnic_groups_year = 1989
| demonym = [[Soviet people|Soviet]]
| currency = [[Soviet ruble]] (руб)
| currency_code = SUR
| title_leader = [[Leader of the Soviet Union|Leader]]
| leader1 = [[Vladimir Lenin]]
| year_leader1 = 1922–1924
| leader2 = [[Joseph Stalin]]
| year_leader2 = 1924–1953
| leader3 = [[Georgy Malenkov]]
| year_leader3 = 1953{{efn|March–September.}}
| leader4 = [[Nikita Khrushchev]]
| year_leader4 = 1953–1964
| leader5 = [[Leonid Brezhnev]]
| year_leader5 = 1964–1982
| leader6 = [[Yuri Andropov]]
| year_leader6 = 1982–1984
| leader7 = [[Konstantin Chernenko]]
| year_leader7 = 1984–1985
| leader8 = [[Mikhail Gorbachev]]
| year_leader8 = 1985–1991
| representative1 = [[Mikhail Kalinin]]
| representative2 = [[Mikhail Gorbachev]]
| year_representative1 = 1922–1946 (first)
| year_representative2 = 1988–1991 (last)
| title_representative = [[List of heads of state of the Soviet Union|Head of state]]
| deputy1 = [[Vladimir Lenin]]
| deputy2 = [[Ivan Silayev]]
| year_deputy1 = 1922–1924 (first)
| year_deputy2 = 1991 (last)
| title_deputy = [[Premier of the Soviet Union|Head of government]]
| legislature = [[Congress of Soviets of the Soviet Union|Congress of Soviets]]<br>(1922–1936){{efn|Unicameral}}<br>[[Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union|Supreme Soviet]]<br>(1936–1991)
| house1 = [[Soviet of Nationalities]]
| house2 = [[Soviet of the Union]]
| area_km2 = 22,402,200
| population_census = {{increase}} 286,730,819<ref>''Almanaque Mundial 1996'', Editorial América/Televisa, Mexico, 1995, pages 548–552 (''Demografía/Biometría'' table).</ref>
| population_census_year = [[Soviet Census (1989)|1989]]
| population_census_rank = 3rd
| population_density_km2 = 12.7
| p1 = Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic{{!}}'''1922:'''<br>Russian<br>SFSR
| p2 = Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic{{!}}Ukrainian SSR
| p3 = Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic{{!}}Byelorussian SSR
| p4 = Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic{{!}}Transcaucasian SFSR
| p5 = Bukharan People's Soviet Republic{{!}}'''1924:'''<br>Bukharan SSR
| p6 = Khorezm People's Soviet Republic{{!}}Khorezm SSR
| p7 = Second Polish Republic{{!}}'''1939:'''<br>Poland
| p8 = Finland{{!}}'''1940:'''<br>Finland
| p9 = Kingdom of Romania{{!}}Romania
| p10 = Estonia
| p11 = Latvia
| p12 = Lithuania
| p13 = Tuvan People's Republic{{!}}'''1944:'''<br>Tuva
| p14 = Nazi Germany{{!}}'''1945:'''<br>Germany
| p15 = Third Czechoslovak Republic{{!}}'''1946:'''<br>Czechoslovakia
| s1 = Lithuania{{!}}'''1990:'''<br>Lithuania
| s2 = Latvia
| s3 = Estonia
| s4 = Gagauz Republic{{!}}''Gagauzia''
| s5 = Georgia (country){{!}}'''1991:'''<br>Georgia
| s6 = Ukraine
| s7 = Belarus
| s8 = Republic of Artsakh{{!}}''Artsakh''
| s9 = Transnistria{{!}}''Transnistria''
| s10 = Moldova
| s11 = Kyrgyzstan
| s12 = Uzbekistan
| s13 = Tajikistan
| s14 = Armenia
| s15 = Azerbaijan
| s16 = Turkmenistan
| s17 = South Ossetia{{!}}''South Ossetia''
| s18 = Chechen Republic of Ichkeria{{!}}{{nowrap|''Chechnya''}}
| s19 = Russia
| s20 = Kazakhstan
| footnotes = Notes
# {{note|1}} [[:s:ru:Декларация Совета Республик ВС СССР от 26 December 1991 № 142-Н|Declaration № 142-Н]] of the [[Soviet of Nationalities|Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union]], formally establishing the dissolution of the Soviet Union as a state and subject of international law {{in lang|ru}}.
# {{note|2}} Original lyrics used from 1944 to 1956 [[Stalin's cult of personality|praised Stalin]]. No lyrics from 1956 to 1977. Revised lyrics from 1977 to 1991 displayed.
# {{note|3}} All-union official since 1990, constituent republics had the right to declare their own official languages.
# {{note|4}} Assigned on 19 September 1990, existing onwards.
| GDP_PPP = $2.7&nbsp;trillion<ref name="theodora.com">{{cite web | url=http://www.theodora.com/wfb/1990/rankings/gdp_million_1.html | title=GDP – Million – Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System | access-date=29 August 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612163518/https://www.theodora.com/wfb/1990/rankings/gdp_million_1.html | archive-date=12 June 2018 | url-status=live | df=dmy-all }}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_rank = 2nd
| GDP_PPP_year = 1990
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $9,000
| GDP_nominal = $2.7&nbsp;trillion<ref name="theodora.com"/>
| GDP_nominal_year = 1990
| GDP_nominal_rank = 2nd
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $9,000
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 28th
| Gini = 0.275
| Gini_year = 1989
| Gini_rank =
| Gini_change = low
| cctld = [[.su]]{{ref|4}}
| drives_on = right
| calling_code = +7
| time_zone = ([[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]+2 to +12)
| date_format = dd-mm-yyyy
| iso3166code = SU
| area_rank =
| today =
| HDI = 0.920
| HDI_year = 1990
| HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/219/hdr_1990_en_complete_nostats.pdf |title=Human Development Report 1990 |publisher=[[Human Development Report|HDRO (Human Development Report Office)]] [[United Nations Development Programme]] |page=111 |access-date=1 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207194131/http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/219/hdr_1990_en_complete_nostats.pdf |archive-date=7 February 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
}}


[[File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg|thumb|right|285px|The [[Flag of the Soviet Union]]]]
{{history of the Soviet Union}}
{{history of the Soviet Union}}
{{Soviet Union sidebar}}
{{Soviet Union sidebar}}
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* [[Administrator of Affairs of the Soviet Union]]
* [[Administrator of Affairs of the Soviet Union]]
* [[Agriculture in the Soviet Union]]
* [[Agriculture in the Soviet Union]]
* [[Akademikerförbundet SSR]]
* [[Anna Akhmatova|Akhmatova, Anna]]
* [[Anna Akhmatova|Akhmatova, Anna]]
* [[All-Russian Central Executive Committee]]
* [[All-Russian Central Executive Committee]]
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* [[Death and state funeral of Leonid Brezhnev]]
* [[Death and state funeral of Leonid Brezhnev]]
* [[Death and state funeral of Vladimir Lenin]]
* [[Death and state funeral of Vladimir Lenin]]
* [[Death dates of victims of the Great Purge]]
* [[Declaration of the Creation of the USSR]]
* [[Declaration of the Creation of the USSR]]
* [[Declaration of the Rights of the Peoples of Russia]]
* [[Declaration of the Rights of the Peoples of Russia]]
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: <small>[[#top|Return to Table of Contents]]</small>
: <small>[[#top|Return to Table of Contents]]</small>


==F==
== F ==
{{colbegin}}
{{colbegin}}
* [[Family in the Soviet Union]]
* [[Family in the Soviet Union]]
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{{colbegin}}
{{colbegin}}
* [[Yuri Gagarin|Gagarin, Yuri]]
* [[Yuri Gagarin|Gagarin, Yuri]]
* [[Lev Gatovsky|Gatovsky, Lev]]
* [[General Directorate for the Protection of State Secrets in the Press]]
* [[General Directorate for the Protection of State Secrets in the Press]]
* [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union]]
* [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union]]
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** [[Ministry of Justice (Soviet Union)|Ministry of Justice]]
** [[Ministry of Justice (Soviet Union)|Ministry of Justice]]
** [[Template:Departments of the USSR|And others...]]
** [[Template:Departments of the USSR|And others...]]
*[[Great construction projects of communism]]
*[[Great Plan for the Transformation of Nature]]
* [[Great Purge]]
* [[Great Purge]]
* [[Andrei Grechko|Grechko, Andrei]]
* [[Andrei Grechko|Grechko, Andrei]]
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* [[Bibliography of the Russian Revolution and Civil War]]
* [[Bibliography of the Russian Revolution and Civil War]]
* [[List of chairmen of the KGB]]
* [[List of chairmen of the KGB]]
* [[List of Chairmen of the Soviet of Nationalities]]
* [[List of chairmen of the Soviet of Nationalities]]
* [[List of Chairmen of the Soviet of the Union]]
* [[List of chairmen of the Soviet of the Union]]
* [[Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union|List of Deputy Premiers of the Soviet Union]]
* [[Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union|List of deputy premiers of the Soviet Union]]
* [[List of flag bearers for the Soviet Union at the Olympics]]
* [[List of flag bearers for the Soviet Union at the Olympics]]
* [[List of governments of the Soviet Union]]
* [[List of governments of the Soviet Union]]
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* [[New Economic Policy]]
* [[New Economic Policy]]
* [[New Soviet man]]
* [[New Soviet man]]
* [[New Union Treaty]]
* [[Night of the Murdered Poets]]
* [[Night of the Murdered Poets]]
* [[NKVD]]
* [[NKVD]]
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** [[Special Council of the NKVD]]
** [[Special Council of the NKVD]]
* [[North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]]
* [[North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]]
* [[Northern river reversal]]
* [[Novodevichy Cemetery]]
* [[Novodevichy Cemetery]]
{{colend}}
{{colend}}
Line 633: Line 485:
* [[Mikhail Pervukhin|Pervukhin, Mikhail]]
* [[Mikhail Pervukhin|Pervukhin, Mikhail]]
* [[Grigory Petrovsky|Petrovsky, Grigory]]
* [[Grigory Petrovsky|Petrovsky, Grigory]]
* [[Dmitry Petrushevsky|Petrushevsky, Dmitry]]
* [[Nikolai Podgorny|Podgorny, Nikolai]]
* [[Nikolai Podgorny|Podgorny, Nikolai]]
* [[Mikhail Pokrovsky|Pokrovsky, Mikhail]]
* [[Mikhail Pokrovsky|Pokrovsky, Mikhail]]
Line 783: Line 636:
{{colbegin}}
{{colbegin}}
* [[Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]]
* [[Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]]
* [[United Opposition]]
* [[United Opposition (Soviet Union)]]
* [[Unified Sports Classification System of the USSR and Russia]]
* [[Unified Sports Classification System of the USSR and Russia]]
* [[Union of Soviet Writers]]
* [[Union of Soviet Writers]]
* [[Union of Sovereign States]]
* [[Dmitry Ustinov|Ustinov, Dmitry]]
* [[Dmitry Ustinov|Ustinov, Dmitry]]
{{colend}}
{{colend}}

Latest revision as of 00:25, 15 July 2024

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Союз Советских Социалистических Республик
Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik
1922–1991
State emblem (1956–1991) of the Soviet Union
State emblem
(1956–1991)
The Soviet Union from 1945 to 1991
The Soviet Union from 1945 to 1991

An index of articles related to the former nation known as the Soviet Union. It covers the Soviet revolutionary period until the dissolution of the Soviet Union. This list includes topics, events, persons and other items of national significance within the Soviet Union. It does not include places within the Soviet Union, unless the place is associated with an event of national significance (e.g., Moscow). This index also does not contain items related to Soviet Military History.

0–9

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A

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B

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C

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D

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E

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F

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G

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H

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I

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J

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K

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L

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Lists

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M

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N

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O

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P

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R

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S

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T

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U

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V

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W

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Y

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Z

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See also

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Notes

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References

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