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{{for|the Inuk lawyer|Kiviaq (lawyer)}}
{{for|the Inuk lawyer|Kiviaq}}
{{short description|Little auks fermented in a sealskin, a traditional Greenlandic food}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
{{Infobox food
| name = Kiviak
| image =
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| image_alt =
| caption =
| alternate_name = Kiviaq
| type =
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| country =
| region = Greenland
| national_cuisine =
| creator = <!-- or creators = -->
| year =
| mintime =
| maxtime =
| served =
| main_ingredient = Little auk
| minor_ingredient =
| variations =
| serving_size = 100 g
| calories =
| calories_ref =
| protein =
| fat =
| carbohydrate =
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| similar_dish =
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| no_recipes= false
}}


'''Kiviak''' or '''kiviaq''' is a traditional wintertime [[Inuit]] food from [[Greenland]] that is made of [[auks]] [[Fermentation (food)|fermented]] in a [[Pinniped|seal]] skin.
'''Kiviak''' or '''kiviaq''' is a traditional wintertime [[Inuit]] food from [[Greenland]] that is made of [[little auk]]s (''Alle alle''), a type of seabird, [[Fermentation (food)|fermented]] in a [[Pinniped|seal


]] skin.
⚫
Up to 500 whole auks are packed into the seal skin. As much air as possible is removed from the seal skin before it is sewn up and sealed with seal fat, which repels flies. It is then hidden in a heap of stones, with a large rock placed on top to keep the air out.<ref name="guardian" /> Over the course of three months, the birds ferment,<ref name="guardian" /> and are then eaten during the arctic winter, particularly on [[birthday]]s and [[wedding]]s.<ref name="Freuchen 1960">{{cite book|last1=Freuchen|first1=Dagmar|title=Peter Freuchen's Adventures in the Arctic|date=1960|publisher=Messner|location=New York|page=81|accessdate=4 July 2015}}</ref>


⚫
Making kiviak has traditionally been a community effort in [[Inughuit]] culture.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hay |first=Mark |date=2023-03-07 |title=Inside Greenland's Misunderstood Winter Delicacy |url=http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/what-is-kiviaq |access-date=2023-03-15 |website=Atlas Obscura |language=en}}</ref> Up to 500 whole auks are packed into the seal skin, beaks and feathers included.<ref name="rove" /> As much air as possible is removed from the seal skin before it is sewn up and sealed with seal fat, which repels flies. It is then hidden in a heap of stones, with a large rock placed on top to keep the air out.<ref name="guardian" /> Over the course of three months, the birds ferment,<ref name="guardian" /> and are then eaten during the [[Arctic]] winter, particularly on [[birthday]]s and [[wedding]]s.<ref name="Freuchen 1960">{{cite book|last1=Freuchen|first1=Dagmar|title=Peter Freuchen's Adventures in the Arctic|date=1960|publisher=Messner|location=New York|page=81}}</ref>
The taste of kiviak is similar to strong Gorgonzola cheese.


The process was featured in the third episode of the [[BBC]]'s ''[[Human Planet]]'' in 2011.<ref name="guardian" />
The process was featured in the third episode of [[BBC]]'s ''[[Human Planet]]'' in 2011.<ref name="guardian" />


In August 2013 several people died in [[Siorapaluk]] from eating kiviak that was made from [[eider]] rather than auk. Eider does not ferment as well as auk, and gave those that ate it [[botulism]].<ref name="4thcontinent" />
Polar explorer [[Knud Rasmussen]]'s death is attributed to food poisoning by kiviaq.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=Smithsonian |title=Eating Narwhal |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/eating-narwhal-57237540/ |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=Smithsonian Magazine |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2002-02-16 |title=Review: This Cold Heaven: Seven Seasons in Greenland by Gretel Ehrlich |url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2002/feb/16/travel.highereducation |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref> In August 2013 several people died in [[Siorapaluk]] from eating kiviak that was made from [[eider]] rather than auk. Eider does not ferment as well as auk, and those who ate it contracted [[botulism]].<ref name="4thcontinent" />


== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[Surströmming]]
* {{annotated link|Surströmming}}
* [[Hákarl]]
* {{annotated link|Hákarl}}
* {{annotated link|Igunaq}}
* [[Delicacy#Delicacies|List of delicacies]]
* {{annotated link|Delicacy#Delicacies|List of delicacies}}
* [[List of fermented foods]] - Food items that are produced by fermentation


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist|refs=
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="guardian">{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2011/jan/27/tv-review-human-planet | title=TV review: Human Planet | publisher=The Guardian | date=27 January 2011 | accessdate=28 January 2011}}</ref>
<ref name="guardian">{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2011/jan/27/tv-review-human-planet | title=TV review: Human Planet | work=The Guardian| date=27 January 2011 | accessdate=28 January 2011}}</ref>
<ref name="4thcontinent">{{cite news | url=http://thefourthcontinent.com/2013/08/07/greenland-terducken-real-seal-bird-meal/ | title=Greenland terducken from hell: the real bird-seal meal | publisher=The Fourth Continent | date=2013-08-07 | accessdate=15 February 2014}}</ref>
<ref name="4thcontinent">{{cite news | url=http://thefourthcontinent.com/2013/08/07/greenland-terducken-real-seal-bird-meal | title=Greenland terducken from hell: the real bird-seal meal | publisher=The Fourth Continent | date=2013-08-07 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140730173345/http://thefourthcontinent.com/2013/08/07/greenland-terducken-real-seal-bird-meal | accessdate=15 February 2014| archive-date=30 July 2014 }}</ref>
<ref name="rove">{{cite news | url=https://rove.me/to/greenland/kiviak | title=Kivak Season in Greenland 2018 | publisher=rove.me | date=23 May 2018 | accessdate=23 May 2018}}</ref>
}}
}}


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* {{cite web | url=http://foodlorists.blogspot.com/2008/12/kiviak.html | title=Kiviak | publisher=Food Lorists}}
* {{cite web | url=http://foodlorists.blogspot.com/2008/12/kiviak.html | title=Kiviak | publisher=Food Lorists}}

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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2011}}


{{portal bar|Food}}
{{portal bar|Food}}
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[[Category:Animal-based fermented foods]]
[[Category:Animal-based fermented foods]]
[[Category:Wedding food]]
[[Category:Wedding food]]
[[Category:National dishes]]



{{meat-stub}}
{{meat-stub}}

Latest revision as of 22:28, 15 July 2024

For the Inuk lawyer, see Kiviaq.

Kiviak
Alternative namesKiviaq
Region or stateGrönland
Main ingredientsLittle auk

Kiviak or kiviaq is a traditional wintertime Inuit food from Greenland that is made of little auks (Alle alle), a type of seabird, fermented in a seal skin.

Making kiviak has traditionally been a community effort in Inughuit culture.[1] Up to 500 whole auks are packed into the seal skin, beaks and feathers included.[2] As much air as possible is removed from the seal skin before it is sewn up and sealed with seal fat, which repels flies. It is then hidden in a heap of stones, with a large rock placed on top to keep the air out.[3] Over the course of three months, the birds ferment,[3] and are then eaten during the Arctic winter, particularly on birthdays and weddings.[4]

The process was featured in the third episode of BBC's Human Planet in 2011.[3]

Polar explorer Knud Rasmussen's death is attributed to food poisoning by kiviaq.[5][6] In August 2013 several people died in Siorapaluk from eating kiviak that was made from eider rather than auk. Eider does not ferment as well as auk, and those who ate it contracted botulism.[7]

See also

[edit]
  • Surströmming – Swedish fermented Baltic Sea herring
  • Hákarl – National dish of Iceland consisting of fermented shark
  • Igunaq – Method of preparing meat, particularly walrus and other marine mammals
  • List of delicacies – Food item considered highly desirable in certain cultures
  • List of fermented foods - Food items that are produced by fermentation

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Hay, Mark (7 March 2023). "Inside Greenland's Misunderstood Winter Delicacy". Atlas Obscura. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
  2. ^ "Kivak Season in Greenland 2018". rove.me. 23 May 2018. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
  3. ^ a b c "TV review: Human Planet". The Guardian. 27 January 2011. Retrieved 28 January 2011.
  4. ^ Freuchen, Dagmar (1960). Peter Freuchen's Adventures in the Arctic. New York: Messner. p. 81.
  5. ^ Magazine, Smithsonian. "Eating Narwhal". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
  6. ^ "Review: This Cold Heaven: Seven Seasons in Greenland by Gretel Ehrlich". the Guardian. 16 February 2002. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
  7. ^ "Greenland terducken from hell: the real bird-seal meal". The Fourth Continent. 7 August 2013. Archived from the original on 30 July 2014. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
[edit]
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