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{{About|the municipality in Portugal|the municipality in São Tomé and Príncipe|Almeirim, São Tomé and Principe|the municipality in Brazil|Almeirim, Pará}} |
{{About|the municipality in Portugal|the municipality in São Tomé and Príncipe|Almeirim, São Tomé and Principe|the municipality in Brazil|Almeirim, Pará|the wine|Almeirim wine}} |
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{{Infobox |
{{Infobox Portuguese subdivision |
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| type = municipality |
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| official_name = Almeirim |
| official_name = Almeirim |
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| image_flag = Pt-alr3.png |
| image_flag = Pt-alr3.png |
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| flag_border = no |
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| image_shield = ALR1.png |
| image_shield = ALR1.png |
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| image_skyline = Restaurantes em Almeirim.JPG |
| image_skyline = Restaurantes em Almeirim.JPG |
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| image_caption = |
| image_caption = |
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|coordinates = {{coord|39|12|N|8|37|W|type:adm1st_region:PT_dim:100000|display=inline,title}} |
|coordinates = {{coord|39|12|N|8|37|W|type:adm1st_region:PT_dim:100000|display=inline,title}} |
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|latNS = N |
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|longEW = W |
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| image_map = LocalAlmeirim.svg |
| image_map = LocalAlmeirim.svg |
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|region = |
|region = Oeste e Vale do Tejo |
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|subregion = [[Lezíria do Tejo]] |
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|CIM = [[Lezíria do Tejo]] |
|CIM = [[Lezíria do Tejo]] |
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|district = [[Santarém District|Santarém]] |
|district = [[Santarém District|Santarém]] |
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|parishes = [[#Parishes|4]] |
|parishes = [[#Parishes|4]] |
||
| leader_party = [[ |
| leader_party = [[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]] |
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| leader_name = |
| leader_name = Pedro Ribeiro |
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| area_total_km2 = 222.12 |
| area_total_km2 = 222.12 |
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| population_total = 23376 |
| population_total = 23376 |
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| population_as_of = 2011 |
| population_as_of = 2011 |
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| |
| holiday = [[Ascension Day]] |
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⚫ | |||
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Ascension Day]] |
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⚫ | |||
}} |
}} |
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'''Almeirim''' ({{IPA-pt| |
'''Almeirim''' ({{IPA-pt|almɐjˈɾĩ|-|Pt-pt Almeirim FF.ogg}}) is a city and a municipality in [[Santarém District]], [[Portugal]]. The population in 2011 was 23,376,<ref>[http://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xlang=en&xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0005889&contexto=pi&selTab=tab0 Instituto Nacional de Estatística]</ref> in an area of 222.12 km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name=dgt>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dgterritorio.pt/cartografia_e_geodesia/cartografia/carta_administrativa_oficial_de_portugal_caop_/caop__download_/carta_administrativa_oficial_de_portugal___versao_2017__em_vigor_/ |title=Áreas das freguesias, concelhos, distritos e país |access-date=2018-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105172426/http://www.dgterritorio.pt/cartografia_e_geodesia/cartografia/carta_administrativa_oficial_de_portugal_caop_/caop__download_/carta_administrativa_oficial_de_portugal___versao_2017__em_vigor_/ |archive-date=2018-11-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The city proper had a population of 10,520 in 2001.<ref>[http://dev.igeo.pt/atlas/Cap2/Cap2d_2.html UMA POPULAÇÃO QUE SE URBANIZA, Uma avaliação recente - Cidades, 2004] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006143612/http://dev.igeo.pt/atlas/Cap2/Cap2d_2.html |date=October 6, 2014 }} Nuno Pires Soares, Instituto Geográfico Português (Geographic Institute of Portugal)</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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There are vestiges of mid-Paleolithic to Mesolithic period along the territory, including traces from Neolithic, Calcolithic and Bronze Age remnants.<ref name="CMHistoria">{{citation |url=http://www.cm-almeirim.pt/conhecer-almeirim/historia/item/119-historia-de-almeirim |location=Almeirim, Portugal |editor=Câmara Municipal |publisher=Câmara Municipal de Almeiria |accessdate=29 September 2015 |year=2015 |title=Historia de Almeiria}}</ref> The Iron Age also marked this region, with archaeological excavations unearthing settlements and artefacts.<ref name=CMHistoria/> |
There are vestiges of mid-Paleolithic to Mesolithic period along the territory, including traces from Neolithic, Calcolithic and Bronze Age remnants.<ref name="CMHistoria">{{citation |url=http://www.cm-almeirim.pt/conhecer-almeirim/historia/item/119-historia-de-almeirim |location=Almeirim, Portugal |editor=Câmara Municipal |publisher=Câmara Municipal de Almeiria |accessdate=29 September 2015 |year=2015 |title=Historia de Almeiria}}</ref> The Iron Age also marked this region, with archaeological excavations unearthing settlements and artefacts.<ref name=CMHistoria/> |
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Roman legions of Décimo Junius Brutus occupied the territory, following the Tagus upstream and disembarking in Santarém, where |
Roman legions of Décimo Junius Brutus<ref>{{Cite web |last=Contributor |first=Visiting |date=2021-12-20 |title=Lucius Junius Brutus(?-509 BC) Brave hero of the revolution |url=https://roman-empire.net/people/lucius-junius-brutus/ |access-date=2024-03-05 |language=en-US}}</ref> occupied the territory, following the Tagus upstream and disembarking in Santarém, where they left their marks.<ref name=CMHistoria/> These, along with other groups, occupied arable lands, beginning in the first century A.D. This included the development of agriculture (particularly wheat and olive orchards) and raising of cattle, supporting the establishment of Almeirim along the margins of the Tagus.<ref name=CMHistoria/> |
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References to this municipality, began appearing in the 14th century. With rich lands, the territory supported hunting, extending to Santarém, and proximities of the Tagus and Lisbon.<ref name=CMHistoria/> This easy access, made Almeirim a preferred place for the Kings of the second Dynasty, and a winter place frequented by members of Corte, becoming known as the ''Sintra of Winter''.<ref name=CMHistoria/> Almeirim, therefore, became an ideal place for relaxation, palace intrigue and romantic encounters in the royal gardens, mixed with resolutions of important negotiations.<ref name=CMHistoria/> |
References to this municipality, began appearing in the 14th century. With rich lands, the territory supported hunting, extending to Santarém, and proximities of the Tagus and Lisbon.<ref name=CMHistoria/> This easy access, made Almeirim a preferred place for the Kings of the second Dynasty, and a winter place frequented by members of Corte, becoming known as the ''Sintra of Winter''.<ref name=CMHistoria/> Almeirim, therefore, became an ideal place for relaxation, palace intrigue and romantic encounters in the royal gardens, mixed with resolutions of important negotiations.<ref name=CMHistoria/> |
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King [[John I of Portugal]], between 1411 and 1423, ordered the construction of |
King [[John I of Portugal|John I]], between 1411 and 1423, ordered the construction of a (castellated) [[Royal Palace of Almeirim|royal palace]] and first residences that contributed to the establishment of the town, with the work to the ''Al-meirim'', that included landscaping, drainage and earthen-works.<ref name=CMHistoria/><ref name="SIPA">{{citation|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=27689 |title=Núcleo urbano da cidade de Almeirim (IPA.00027689/PT031403010024) |publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal |language=Portuguese |first=Anouk |last=Costa |year=2011 |accessdate=11 April 2017}}</ref> |
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In 1483, Almeirim was elevated to the status of municipality, wherein he bestowed a concession on its residents.<ref name=SIPA/> As a consequence, in 1490, its first ''almoxarife'' (''sheriff'') Álvaro Pires Borges was assigned by King D. [[John II of Portugal|John II]] from the royal guard.<ref name=SIPA/> |
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In 1500, the Church of São João Baptista was constructed.<ref name=SIPA/> |
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The palace was expanded and improved by [[Manuel I of Portugal]] who was in Almeirim several times: in 1510, part of 1513, Christmas of 1514 and all the period between October 1515 and May 1516.<ref name=CMHistoria/> [[John III of Portugal]] followed his example, and spent similar time in Almeirim.<ref name=CMHistoria/> He ordered the construction of a royal palace near the ''Ribeira de Muge'' (''Muja'' or ''Mugem''), that became known as ''Paço da Ribeira de Muge'' and later, the ''Paço dos Negros', then later the Convent of Nossa Senhora da Serra.<ref name=CMHistoria/> |
The palace was expanded and improved by [[Manuel I of Portugal]] who was in Almeirim several times: in 1510, part of 1513, Christmas of 1514 and all the period between October 1515 and May 1516.<ref name=CMHistoria/> [[John III of Portugal]] followed his example, and spent similar time in Almeirim.<ref name=CMHistoria/> He ordered the construction of a royal palace near the ''Ribeira de Muge'' (''Muja'' or ''Mugem''), that became known as ''Paço da Ribeira de Muge'' and later, the ''Paço dos Negros', then later the Convent of Nossa Senhora da Serra.<ref name=CMHistoria/> |
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King Sebastian, who frequently visited Almeirim, created a dynastic succession crisis with his disappearance at the Battle of Alcácer-Quibir.<ref name=CMHistoria/> Without a successor, the Cortes of Almeirim was opened by Cardinal Henry on 11 January 1580, to decide on the problem of succession.<ref name=CMHistoria/> During the Cortes, Febo Moniz, as magistrate of Lisbon, directed his response to the Cardinal, stating ''"Give this your Highness to a Portuguese prince and all will kiss his hand"''.<ref name=CMHistoria/> But, little was resolved, and the Kingdom eventually began to be governed by |
King Sebastian, who frequently visited Almeirim, created a dynastic succession crisis with his disappearance at the Battle of Alcácer-Quibir.<ref name=CMHistoria/> Without a successor, the Cortes of Almeirim was opened by Cardinal Henry on 11 January 1580, to decide on the problem of succession.<ref name=CMHistoria/> During the Cortes, Febo Moniz, as magistrate of Lisbon, directed his response to the Cardinal, stating ''"Give this your Highness to a Portuguese prince and all will kiss his hand"''.<ref name=CMHistoria/> But, little was resolved, and the Kingdom eventually began to be governed by Philip II of Spain, beginning the reign of Phillipian Dynastic Union, until 1 December 1640.<ref name=CMHistoria/> |
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At the time Almeirim was visited as a winter resort, where many passed through the roads of the burgh and stayed at the Royal Palace.<ref name=CMHistoria/> Gil Vicente, the father of Portuguese theatre, presented many of his farses, comedies and plays, for example "Auto da Fé" in 1510; "Barca da Glória" in 1519; tragic-comedy "Dom Dardos" at the marriage of Infanta D. Isabel with Charles V, in 1525; and in 1526 he presented the farse "O Juiz da Beira", the tragic-comedy "Templo de Apolo", "Breve Sumário da História de Deus" and "Diálogo sobre a Ressurreição".<ref name=CMHistoria/> It was also in the palace the Garcia de Resende began printing his ''Cancioneiro Geral.''<ref name=CMHistoria/> |
At the time Almeirim was visited as a winter resort, where many passed through the roads of the burgh and stayed at the Royal Palace.<ref name=CMHistoria/> Gil Vicente, the father of Portuguese theatre, presented many of his farses, comedies and plays, for example "Auto da Fé" in 1510; "Barca da Glória" in 1519; tragic-comedy "Dom Dardos" at the marriage of Infanta D. Isabel with Charles V, in 1525; and in 1526 he presented the farse "O Juiz da Beira", the tragic-comedy "Templo de Apolo", "Breve Sumário da História de Deus" and "Diálogo sobre a Ressurreição".<ref name=CMHistoria/> It was also in the palace the Garcia de Resende began printing his ''Cancioneiro Geral.''<ref name=CMHistoria/> |
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In the ''[[Parochial Memories of 1758|Memórias Paroquiais]]'' (1758) the resident population was just over 302 neighbours.<ref name=SIPA/> |
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The present Mayor is Pedro Ribeiro ([[Portuguese Socialist Party|Socialist]]) and the President of the Municipal Assembly is Firmino Catalão ([[Portuguese Socialist Party|Socialist]]). The municipal holiday is [[Ascension Day]]. |
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With the inauguration of the D. Luís bridge in 1881, the connection between Almeirim and Santarém, allowed a significant change in the economy.<ref name=SIPA/> |
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In 1935, the ''Casa do Povo'', health centre and dispensary were inaugurated. By the middle of the century (1953), the bullring, a social centre of annual activities was also open to the public.<ref name=SIPA/> |
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On 20 June 1991, the settlement was elevated to the status of city.<ref name=SIPA/> |
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The municipal assembly approved ARU02, designating the ''Área de Reabilitação Urbana'' (''Urban Rehabilitation Area'') for Almeirim (8902/2014, Diário da República, 147, Série 1) in order to modernize and recuperate many of the historic buildings in the town.<ref name=SIPA/> |
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==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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[[File:Almeirim freguesias.svg|thumb|235px|The administrative division of civil parishes within the municipality of Almeirim]] |
[[File:Almeirim freguesias.svg|thumb|235px|The administrative division of civil parishes within the municipality of Almeirim]] |
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Almeirim is situated {{convert|70|km|mi}} from Lisbon, and {{convert|7|km|mi}} in Santarém; its neighbours include Alpiarça, Chamusca, Salvaterra da Magos, Coruche, Santarém and Cartaxo.<ref name="CMGeografia">{{citation |url=http://www.cm-almeirim.pt/conhecer-almeirim/historia/item/119-historia-de-almeirim |location=Almeirim, Portugal |editor=Câmara Municipal |publisher=Câmara Municipal de Almeiria |accessdate=29 September 2015 |year=2015 |title=Informação Geográfica}}</ref> |
Almeirim is situated {{convert|70|km|mi}} from Lisbon, and {{convert|7|km|mi}} in Santarém; its neighbours include Alpiarça (to the north), Chamusca (in the east and northeast), Salvaterra da Magos, Coruche (both in the south), Santarém (in the northwest) and Cartaxo (in the south).<ref name=SIPA/><ref name="CMGeografia">{{citation |url=http://www.cm-almeirim.pt/conhecer-almeirim/historia/item/119-historia-de-almeirim |location=Almeirim, Portugal |editor=Câmara Municipal |publisher=Câmara Municipal de Almeiria |accessdate=29 September 2015 |year=2015 |title=Informação Geográfica}}</ref> The municipality is situated on a plain along the Tagus Valley and Lezíria, approximately {{convert|3.5|km|mi}} along the left bank of the Tagus River.<ref name=SIPA/> The morphology of the terrain is marked by a planar relief with little forests, with cultivation interspersed between pastures and vineyards.<ref name=SIPA/> |
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The municipality is subdivided into the following 4 parishes:<ref>{{cite web|title=Law nr. 11-A/2013, page 552 11|url=http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/2013/01/01901/0000200147.pdf |accessdate=10 July 2014|author= |
The municipality of Almeirim is subdivided into the following 4 parishes:<ref name=SIPA/><ref>{{cite web|title=Law nr. 11-A/2013, page 552 11|url=http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/2013/01/01901/0000200147.pdf |accessdate=10 July 2014|author=Diário da República|author-link=Diário da República|language=Portuguese|format=pdf}}</ref> |
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* Almeirim |
* Almeirim |
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* [[Benfica do Ribatejo]] |
* [[Benfica do Ribatejo]] |
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* [[Fazendas de Almeirim]] |
* [[Fazendas de Almeirim]] |
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* Raposa |
* Raposa |
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Two main roadways support the population of Almeirim: the EN114 and EN118, in addition to the inter-community IC10.<ref name=CMGeografia/> The construction of the Salgueiro Maia bridge and A13 bridge serves and reinforces the privileged location of Almeirim, in addition to constant traffic from Santarém and the rest of the country.<ref name=CMGeografia/> |
Two main roadways support the population of Almeirim: the EN114 and EN118, in addition to the inter-community IC10.<ref name=CMGeografia/> The construction of the Salgueiro Maia bridge and A13 bridge serves and reinforces the privileged location of Almeirim, in addition to constant traffic from Santarém and the rest of the country.<ref name=CMGeografia/> |
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==Economy== |
==Economy== |
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The mainstay of the economy is agriculture, including wine making and modern industry of alimentary products such as fruit juices, processed tomato and canned vegetables ([[Sumol + Compal|Compal]]). |
The mainstay of the economy is agriculture, including wine making and modern industry of alimentary products such as fruit juices, processed tomato and canned vegetables ([[Sumol + Compal|Compal]]). |
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==Architecture== |
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===Civic=== |
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* Bridge of Raposa ({{lang-pt|Ponte da Raposa}}) |
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* Building of the Wine/Vineyard Institute of Almeirim ({{lang-pt|Edifício do Instituto da Vinha e do Vinho de Almeirim}}) |
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* Building of the Almeirim CTT ({{lang-pt|Edifício dos Correios, Telégrafos e Telefones, CTT, de Almeirim}}) |
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* Bullring of Almeirim ({{lang-pt|Praça de Touros de Almeirim}}) |
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* Cemetery of Almeirim ({{lang-pt|Cemetério de Almeirim}}) |
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* Cinema-Theatre of Almeirim ({{lang-pt|Cine-Teatro de Almeirim}}) |
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* Fountain of São Roque ({{lang-pt|Fonte de São Roque/Fonte dos Namorados}}) |
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* Hospital of the Misericórida of Almeirim ({{lang-pt|Hospital da Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Almeirim}}) |
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* Municipal Market of Almeirim ({{lang-pt|Mercado Municipal de Almeirim}}) |
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* National Republican Guard Post of Almeirim ({{lang-pt|Posto da Guarda Nacional Republicana, GNR, de Almeirim/Tribunal Judicial de Almeirim}}) |
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* Palace of the Marquesses of Alorna ({{lang-pt|Palácio dos Marqueses de Alorna/Casa da Quinta de Vale de Nabais}}) |
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* Portico of paço dos Negros ({{lang-pt|Pórtico de Paço dos Negros/Paço dos Negros da Ribeira de Muge}}) |
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* Residence of Quinta de Santa Maria ({{lang-pt|Casa da Quinta de Santa Maria}}) |
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* Residence of the Cortes of Almeirim ({{lang-pt|Casa das Cortes de Almeirim}}) |
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* Residential Home of São José ({{lang-pt|Lar Residencial de São José}}) |
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===Religious=== |
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* Church of Santa Marta ({{lang-pt|Igreja Paroquial de Benfica do Ribatejo/Igreja de Santa Marta}}) |
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* Church of São António ({{lang-pt|Igreja Paroquial da Raposa/Igreja de Santo António}}) |
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* Church of São João Baptista ({{lang-pt|Igreja Paroquial de Almeirim/Igreja de São João Baptista}}) |
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* Convent of Serra ({{lang-pt|Convento da Serra}}) |
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* Monastery of the Third Order of São Francisco of Almeirim ({{lang-pt|Mosteiro da Ordem Terceira de São Francisco de Almeirim/Escolas Velhas}}) |
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==Culture== |
==Culture== |
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[[File:Estátua de frade em Almeirim.JPG |
[[File:Estátua de frade em Almeirim.JPG|thumb|235px|Statue of the friar in Almeirim]] |
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[[File:Sopa da pedra em Almeirim.JPG |
[[File:Sopa da pedra em Almeirim.JPG|thumb|235px|A Bowl of Stone Soup]] |
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The city is also known for its gastronomy, to which [[Stone Soup]] is just one great example. According to the people of Almeirim, a poor friar who was on a pilgrimage stopped in the village of Almeirim and knocked on the door of a house. He was too proud to beg for a bite to eat, so instead, he requested a large pot in which he could make “a delicious and |
The city is also known for its gastronomy, to which [[Stone Soup]] is just one great example. According to the people of Almeirim, a poor friar who was on a pilgrimage stopped in the village of Almeirim and knocked on the door of a house. He was too proud to beg for a bite to eat, so instead, he requested a large pot in which he could make “a delicious and filling.......stone soup”. With arched eyebrows and curious glances, the family invited him into their home and set up a large pot over flickering flames and filled with water. Slowly walking up to the iron clad cauldron, the friar reached into his deep pocket to produce a smooth and well-cleaned stone that he promptly dropped into the boiling water. A little while later he tasted the soup and said that it needed a touch of seasoning. So the wife brought him some salt to add, to which he suggested that maybe a little bit of chouriço (sausage), or pork belly, would be better. Graciously, she obliged and dropped several thick slices into the pot. Then, the friar asked if she might not have a little something to enrich the soup, such as potatoes or beans from a previous meal. With a broad smile, she agreed, and added a healthy portion into the bubbling water. This banter continued back and forth between the family and the friar before he finally announced that he had indeed made a very delicious and filling soup. When the soup was done, the friar fished the stone out of the pot, washed and dried it off, and plopped it back in his pocket for the next time. |
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Nowadays Almeirim is a gastronomical destiny for Portuguese people, as well as for foreign people, willing to taste this soup |
Nowadays Almeirim is a gastronomical destiny for Portuguese people, as well as for foreign people, willing to taste this soup. |
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==Notable citizens== |
==Notable citizens== |
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* [[Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu]] (1433–1470) third son of [[Edward, King of Portugal]] |
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* [[Cristina Branco]] |
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* [[Gonçalo da Silveira]] (1526–1561) a Portuguese Jesuit missionary in southern Africa. |
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* [[Duarte, Duke of Guimarães (1541–1576)|Duarte, Duke of Guimarães]] (1541–1576) a prince, son of [[Duarte, Duke of Guimarães (1515–1540)|Duarte of Portugal, 4th Duke of Guimarães]] |
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* [[Cristina Branco]] (born 1972) a musician and [[Fado|fadista]]. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[Almeirim IPR]] |
* [[Almeirim IPR]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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== External links== |
== External links== |
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* [http://www.cm-almeirim.pt/ Town Hall official website] |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20041217165531/http://www.almeirimnet.com:80/almeirimnet/c_virtual/main.asp City of Almeirim News Portal] |
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* [http://www.almeirinense.com/almeirinense/ "O Almeirinense" Regional Newspaper] |
* [http://www.almeirinense.com/almeirinense/ "O Almeirinense" Regional Newspaper] |
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* [https://www.flickr.com/photos/vitor107/sets/72057594068043827/ Photos from Almeirim] |
* [https://www.flickr.com/photos/vitor107/sets/72057594068043827/ Photos from Almeirim] |
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* [http://www.holidays-portugal.eu/en/holidays-in-almeirim-portugal-c-303-2--281--6.html Almeirim, Portugal Guide] |
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{{Municipalities of Santarém}} |
{{Municipalities of Santarém}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Cities in Portugal]] |
[[Category:Cities in Portugal]] |
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[[Category:Municipalities of Portugal]] |
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[[Category:Populated places in Santarém District]] |
[[Category:Populated places in Santarém District]] |
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[[Category:Municipalities of Santarém District]] |
[[Category:Municipalities of Santarém District]] |
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Revision as of 17:28, 18 July 2024
Almeirim | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Coordinates: 39°12′N 8°37′W / 39.200°N 8.617°W | |
Land | ![]() |
Region | Oeste e Vale do Tejo |
Intermunic. comm. | Lezíria do Tejo |
District | Santarém |
Parishes | 4 |
Regierung | |
• President | Pedro Ribeiro (PS) |
Area | |
• Total | 222.12 km2 (85.76 sq mi) |
Population (2011) | |
• Total | 23,376 |
• Density | 110/km2 (270/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC±00:00 (WET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+01:00 (WEST) |
Local holiday | Ascension Day |
Website | www |
Almeirim (Portuguese pronunciation: [almɐjˈɾĩ] ) is a city and a municipality in Santarém District, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 23,376,[1] in an area of 222.12 km2.[2] The city proper had a population of 10,520 in 2001.[3]
History
There are vestiges of mid-Paleolithic to Mesolithic period along the territory, including traces from Neolithic, Calcolithic and Bronze Age remnants.[4] The Iron Age also marked this region, with archaeological excavations unearthing settlements and artefacts.[4]
Roman legions of Décimo Junius Brutus[5] occupied the territory, following the Tagus upstream and disembarking in Santarém, where they left their marks.[4] These, along with other groups, occupied arable lands, beginning in the first century A.D. This included the development of agriculture (particularly wheat and olive orchards) and raising of cattle, supporting the establishment of Almeirim along the margins of the Tagus.[4]
References to this municipality, began appearing in the 14th century. With rich lands, the territory supported hunting, extending to Santarém, and proximities of the Tagus and Lisbon.[4] This easy access, made Almeirim a preferred place for the Kings of the second Dynasty, and a winter place frequented by members of Corte, becoming known as the Sintra of Winter.[4] Almeirim, therefore, became an ideal place for relaxation, palace intrigue and romantic encounters in the royal gardens, mixed with resolutions of important negotiations.[4]
King John I, between 1411 and 1423, ordered the construction of a (castellated) royal palace and first residences that contributed to the establishment of the town, with the work to the Al-meirim, that included landscaping, drainage and earthen-works.[4][6]
In 1483, Almeirim was elevated to the status of municipality, wherein he bestowed a concession on its residents.[6] As a consequence, in 1490, its first almoxarife (sheriff) Álvaro Pires Borges was assigned by King D. John II from the royal guard.[6]
In 1500, the Church of São João Baptista was constructed.[6]
The palace was expanded and improved by Manuel I of Portugal who was in Almeirim several times: in 1510, part of 1513, Christmas of 1514 and all the period between October 1515 and May 1516.[4] John III of Portugal followed his example, and spent similar time in Almeirim.[4] He ordered the construction of a royal palace near the Ribeira de Muge (Muja or Mugem), that became known as Paço da Ribeira de Muge and later, the Paço dos Negros', then later the Convent of Nossa Senhora da Serra.[4]
King Sebastian, who frequently visited Almeirim, created a dynastic succession crisis with his disappearance at the Battle of Alcácer-Quibir.[4] Without a successor, the Cortes of Almeirim was opened by Cardinal Henry on 11 January 1580, to decide on the problem of succession.[4] During the Cortes, Febo Moniz, as magistrate of Lisbon, directed his response to the Cardinal, stating "Give this your Highness to a Portuguese prince and all will kiss his hand".[4] But, little was resolved, and the Kingdom eventually began to be governed by Philip II of Spain, beginning the reign of Phillipian Dynastic Union, until 1 December 1640.[4]
At the time Almeirim was visited as a winter resort, where many passed through the roads of the burgh and stayed at the Royal Palace.[4] Gil Vicente, the father of Portuguese theatre, presented many of his farses, comedies and plays, for example "Auto da Fé" in 1510; "Barca da Glória" in 1519; tragic-comedy "Dom Dardos" at the marriage of Infanta D. Isabel with Charles V, in 1525; and in 1526 he presented the farse "O Juiz da Beira", the tragic-comedy "Templo de Apolo", "Breve Sumário da História de Deus" and "Diálogo sobre a Ressurreição".[4] It was also in the palace the Garcia de Resende began printing his Cancioneiro Geral.[4]
In the Memórias Paroquiais (1758) the resident population was just over 302 neighbours.[6]
With the inauguration of the D. Luís bridge in 1881, the connection between Almeirim and Santarém, allowed a significant change in the economy.[6]
In 1935, the Casa do Povo, health centre and dispensary were inaugurated. By the middle of the century (1953), the bullring, a social centre of annual activities was also open to the public.[6]
On 20 June 1991, the settlement was elevated to the status of city.[6]
The municipal assembly approved ARU02, designating the Área de Reabilitação Urbana (Urban Rehabilitation Area) for Almeirim (8902/2014, Diário da República, 147, Série 1) in order to modernize and recuperate many of the historic buildings in the town.[6]
Geography
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Almeirim_freguesias.svg/235px-Almeirim_freguesias.svg.png)
Almeirim is situated 70 kilometres (43 mi) from Lisbon, and 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) in Santarém; its neighbours include Alpiarça (to the north), Chamusca (in the east and northeast), Salvaterra da Magos, Coruche (both in the south), Santarém (in the northwest) and Cartaxo (in the south).[6][7] The municipality is situated on a plain along the Tagus Valley and Lezíria, approximately 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) along the left bank of the Tagus River.[6] The morphology of the terrain is marked by a planar relief with little forests, with cultivation interspersed between pastures and vineyards.[6]
The municipality of Almeirim is subdivided into the following 4 parishes:[6][8]
- Almeirim
- Benfica do Ribatejo
- Fazendas de Almeirim
- Raposa
Two main roadways support the population of Almeirim: the EN114 and EN118, in addition to the inter-community IC10.[7] The construction of the Salgueiro Maia bridge and A13 bridge serves and reinforces the privileged location of Almeirim, in addition to constant traffic from Santarém and the rest of the country.[7]
Economy
The mainstay of the economy is agriculture, including wine making and modern industry of alimentary products such as fruit juices, processed tomato and canned vegetables (Compal).
Architecture
Civic
- Bridge of Raposa (Portuguese: Ponte da Raposa)
- Building of the Wine/Vineyard Institute of Almeirim (Portuguese: Edifício do Instituto da Vinha e do Vinho de Almeirim)
- Building of the Almeirim CTT (Portuguese: Edifício dos Correios, Telégrafos e Telefones, CTT, de Almeirim)
- Bullring of Almeirim (Portuguese: Praça de Touros de Almeirim)
- Cemetery of Almeirim (Portuguese: Cemetério de Almeirim)
- Cinema-Theatre of Almeirim (Portuguese: Cine-Teatro de Almeirim)
- Fountain of São Roque (Portuguese: Fonte de São Roque/Fonte dos Namorados)
- Hospital of the Misericórida of Almeirim (Portuguese: Hospital da Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Almeirim)
- Municipal Market of Almeirim (Portuguese: Mercado Municipal de Almeirim)
- National Republican Guard Post of Almeirim (Portuguese: Posto da Guarda Nacional Republicana, GNR, de Almeirim/Tribunal Judicial de Almeirim)
- Palace of the Marquesses of Alorna (Portuguese: Palácio dos Marqueses de Alorna/Casa da Quinta de Vale de Nabais)
- Portico of paço dos Negros (Portuguese: Pórtico de Paço dos Negros/Paço dos Negros da Ribeira de Muge)
- Residence of Quinta de Santa Maria (Portuguese: Casa da Quinta de Santa Maria)
- Residence of the Cortes of Almeirim (Portuguese: Casa das Cortes de Almeirim)
- Residential Home of São José (Portuguese: Lar Residencial de São José)
Religious
- Church of Santa Marta (Portuguese: Igreja Paroquial de Benfica do Ribatejo/Igreja de Santa Marta)
- Church of São António (Portuguese: Igreja Paroquial da Raposa/Igreja de Santo António)
- Church of São João Baptista (Portuguese: Igreja Paroquial de Almeirim/Igreja de São João Baptista)
- Convent of Serra (Portuguese: Convento da Serra)
- Monastery of the Third Order of São Francisco of Almeirim (Portuguese: Mosteiro da Ordem Terceira de São Francisco de Almeirim/Escolas Velhas)
Culture
The city is also known for its gastronomy, to which Stone Soup is just one great example. According to the people of Almeirim, a poor friar who was on a pilgrimage stopped in the village of Almeirim and knocked on the door of a house. He was too proud to beg for a bite to eat, so instead, he requested a large pot in which he could make “a delicious and filling.......stone soup”. With arched eyebrows and curious glances, the family invited him into their home and set up a large pot over flickering flames and filled with water. Slowly walking up to the iron clad cauldron, the friar reached into his deep pocket to produce a smooth and well-cleaned stone that he promptly dropped into the boiling water. A little while later he tasted the soup and said that it needed a touch of seasoning. So the wife brought him some salt to add, to which he suggested that maybe a little bit of chouriço (sausage), or pork belly, would be better. Graciously, she obliged and dropped several thick slices into the pot. Then, the friar asked if she might not have a little something to enrich the soup, such as potatoes or beans from a previous meal. With a broad smile, she agreed, and added a healthy portion into the bubbling water. This banter continued back and forth between the family and the friar before he finally announced that he had indeed made a very delicious and filling soup. When the soup was done, the friar fished the stone out of the pot, washed and dried it off, and plopped it back in his pocket for the next time.
Nowadays Almeirim is a gastronomical destiny for Portuguese people, as well as for foreign people, willing to taste this soup.
Notable citizens
- Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu (1433–1470) third son of Edward, King of Portugal
- Gonçalo da Silveira (1526–1561) a Portuguese Jesuit missionary in southern Africa.
- Duarte, Duke of Guimarães (1541–1576) a prince, son of Duarte of Portugal, 4th Duke of Guimarães
- Cristina Branco (born 1972) a musician and fadista.
See also
References
- ^ Instituto Nacional de Estatística
- ^ "Áreas das freguesias, concelhos, distritos e país". Archived from the original on 2018-11-05. Retrieved 2018-11-05.
- ^ UMA POPULAÇÃO QUE SE URBANIZA, Uma avaliação recente - Cidades, 2004 Archived October 6, 2014, at the Wayback Machine Nuno Pires Soares, Instituto Geográfico Português (Geographic Institute of Portugal)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Câmara Municipal, ed. (2015), Historia de Almeiria, Almeirim, Portugal: Câmara Municipal de Almeiria, retrieved 29 September 2015
- ^ Contributor, Visiting (2021-12-20). "Lucius Junius Brutus(?-509 BC) Brave hero of the revolution". Retrieved 2024-03-05.
{{cite web}}
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has generic name (help) - ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Costa, Anouk (2011), SIPA (ed.), Núcleo urbano da cidade de Almeirim (IPA.00027689/PT031403010024) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, retrieved 11 April 2017
- ^ a b c Câmara Municipal, ed. (2015), Informação Geográfica, Almeirim, Portugal: Câmara Municipal de Almeiria, retrieved 29 September 2015
- ^ Diário da República. "Law nr. 11-A/2013, page 552 11" (pdf) (in Portuguese). Retrieved 10 July 2014.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)