Nuclear South Bird's Head languages: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox language family |
{{Infobox language family |
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|name=Nuclear South Bird's Head |
|name=Nuclear South Bird's Head |
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|altname=South Bird's Head |
|altname=East South Bird's Head |
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|region=[[Bird's Head Peninsula]], Indonesian Papua |
|region=[[Bird's Head Peninsula]], Indonesian Papua |
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|familycolor=Papuan |
|familycolor=Papuan |
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|fam1=[[ |
|fam1=? [[Trans–New Guinea languages|Trans–New Guinea]] |
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|fam2= |
|fam2=? [[Berau Gulf languages|Berau Gulf]] |
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|fam3=? [[South Bird's Head languages|South Bird's Head]] |
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|glotto=sout1516 |
|glotto=sout1516 |
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|glottorefname=South Bird's Head |
|glottorefname=South Bird's Head Family |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''Nuclear South Bird's Head''', '''Core South Bird's Head''' or '''South Bird's Head |
The '''Nuclear South Bird's Head''', '''Core South Bird's Head''' or '''East South Bird's Head''' languages form a small language family of western New Guinea. They either form part of a wider [[South Bird's Head languages|South Bird's Head]] language family, or may be an independent language family if not related to the [[Inanwatan languages|Inanwatan]] and [[Konda-Yahadian languages|Konda–Yahadian]] languages.<ref name="Holton-Birds-Head">{{cite book |last1=Holton |first1=Gary |last2=Klamer |first2=Marian |editor1-last=Palmer |editor1-first=Bill |date=2018 |title=The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide |chapter=The Papuan languages of East Nusantara and the Bird’s Head |series= The World of Linguistics |volume=4 |location=Berlin |publisher=De Gruyter Mouton |pages=569-640 |isbn=978-3-11-028642-7}}</ref> |
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==Languages== |
==Languages== |
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There are six languages:<ref name="Pawley-TNG">{{cite book |last1=Pawley |first1=Andrew |last2=Hammarström |first2=Harald |editor1-last=Palmer |editor1-first=Bill |date=2018 |title=The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide |chapter=The Trans New Guinea family |series= The World of Linguistics |volume=4 |location=Berlin |publisher=De Gruyter Mouton |pages=21-196 |isbn=978-3-11-028642-7}}</ref> |
There are six languages:<ref name="Pawley-TNG">{{cite book |last1=Pawley |first1=Andrew |last2=Hammarström |first2=Harald |editor1-last=Palmer |editor1-first=Bill |date=2018 |title=The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide |chapter=The Trans New Guinea family |series= The World of Linguistics |volume=4 |location=Berlin |publisher=De Gruyter Mouton |pages=21-196 |isbn=978-3-11-028642-7}}</ref> |
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{{tree list}} |
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* East South Bird's Head |
* East South Bird's Head |
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⚫ | |||
** [[ |
** [[Kais language|Kais]] (Kampong Baru) |
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** Iwaro–Kaburi |
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⚫ | |||
* [[Kaburi language|Kaburi]] |
*** [[Kaburi language|Kaburi]] |
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* [[ |
*** [[Puragi language|Puragi]] (Iwaro) |
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** Kokoda–Arandai |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
{{tree list/end}} |
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==Proto-language== |
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Although traditionally classified as part of the [[South Bird's Head languages|South Bird's Head]] family, it is classified by ''[[Glottolog]]'' 4.0 as an independent language family. |
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Some lexical reconstructions by Usher (2020) are:<ref name=ngw>Timothy Usher, New Guinea World, [https://newguineaworld.linguistik.uzh.ch/families/trans-new-guinea/berau-gulf/north-berau-gulf/south-bird-s-head/eastl-south-bird-s-head Proto–East South Bird's Head]</ref> |
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:{| class="wikitable sortable" |
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==See also== |
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! gloss !! Proto-East South Bird's Head |
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|- |
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*[[Konda–Yahadian languages]] |
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| body hair/feather || *karar |
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⚫ | |||
|- |
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| ear || *qer[aw] |
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|- |
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| nose || *mitob |
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|- |
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| tooth || *resin |
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|- |
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| tongue || *nun |
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|- |
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| foot/leg || *sor |
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|- |
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| blood || *a[m/p]as |
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|- |
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| bone || *toq |
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|- |
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| breast || *did |
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|- |
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| louse || *kon |
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|- |
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| bird || *kanen |
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|- |
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| egg || *wuk |
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|- |
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| tree || *qemin |
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|- |
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| man || *rabin |
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|- |
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| sun || *teg[ed] |
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|- |
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| moon || *mo[k/q] |
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|- |
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| water || *sai |
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|- |
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| path || *aum |
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|- |
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| one || *onat |
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|- |
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| two || *[ou]g |
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|} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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== External links == |
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* Timothy Usher, New Guinea World, [https://newguineaworld.linguistik.uzh.ch/families/trans-new-guinea/berau-gulf/north-berau-gulf/south-bird-s-head/eastl-south-bird-s-head Proto–East South Bird's Head] |
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{{South Bird's Head languages}} |
{{South Bird's Head languages}} |
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{{Papuan languages}} |
{{Papuan languages}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT: |
{{DEFAULTSORT:South Bird's Head languages}} |
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[[Category:South Bird's Head languages]] |
[[Category:Nuclear South Bird's Head languages| ]] |
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[[Category:South Bird's Head languages|Nuclear]] |
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[[Category:Languages of western New Guinea]] |
[[Category:Languages of western New Guinea]] |
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[[Category:Language families]] |
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{{papuan-lang-stub}} |
Latest revision as of 10:03, 19 July 2024
Nuclear South Bird's Head | |
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East South Bird's Head | |
Geographic distribution | Bird's Head Peninsula, Indonesian Papua |
Linguistic classification | ? Trans–New Guinea
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Glottolog | sout1516 |
The Nuclear South Bird's Head, Core South Bird's Head or East South Bird's Head languages form a small language family of western New Guinea. They either form part of a wider South Bird's Head language family, or may be an independent language family if not related to the Inanwatan and Konda–Yahadian languages.[1]
Languages
[edit]There are six languages:[2]
Proto-language
[edit]Some lexical reconstructions by Usher (2020) are:[3]
gloss Proto-East South Bird's Head body hair/feather *karar ear *qer[aw] nose *mitob tooth *resin tongue *nun foot/leg *sor blood *a[m/p]as bone *toq breast *did louse *kon bird *kanen egg *wuk tree *qemin man *rabin sun *teg[ed] moon *mo[k/q] water *sai path *aum one *onat two *[ou]g
References
[edit]- ^ Holton, Gary; Klamer, Marian (2018). "The Papuan languages of East Nusantara and the Bird's Head". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 569–640. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
- ^ Pawley, Andrew; Hammarström, Harald (2018). "The Trans New Guinea family". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 21–196. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
- ^ Timothy Usher, New Guinea World, Proto–East South Bird's Head
External links
[edit]- Timothy Usher, New Guinea World, Proto–East South Bird's Head