Elephantiasis: Difference between revisions
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'''Elephantiasis''' is the enlargement and hardening of limbs or body parts due to tissue swelling.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/elephantiasis|title=Definition of ELEPHANTIASIS|website=www.merriam-webster.com|language=en|access-date=2018-06-28}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Citation|title=elephantiasis|url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/elephantiasis|work=The Free Dictionary|access-date=2018-06-28}}</ref> It is characterised by [[edema]], hypertrophy, and fibrosis of skin and subcutaneous tissues, due to obstruction of lymphatic vessels.<ref name=":1" /> It may affect the genitalia.<ref name=":1" /> The term elephantiasis is often used in reference to (symptoms caused by) parasitic worm infections,<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> but may refer to a variety of diseases |
'''Elephantiasis''', often incorrectly called '''elephantitis''', is the enlargement and hardening of limbs or body parts due to tissue swelling.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/elephantiasis|title=Definition of ELEPHANTIASIS|website=www.merriam-webster.com|language=en|access-date=2018-06-28}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Citation|title=elephantiasis|url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/elephantiasis|work=The Free Dictionary|access-date=2018-06-28}}</ref> It is characterised by [[edema]], hypertrophy, and fibrosis of skin and subcutaneous tissues, due to obstruction of lymphatic vessels.<ref name=":1" /> It may affect the genitalia.<ref name=":1" /> The term elephantiasis is often used in reference to (symptoms caused by) parasitic worm infections,<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> but may refer to a variety of diseases that swell parts of the subject's body to exceptionally massive proportions.<ref name=":1" /> |
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Some conditions that present with elephantiasis include: |
Some conditions that present with elephantiasis include: |
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* [[Elephantiasis nostras]], due to longstanding chronic lymphangitis{{Citation needed|date=June 2018}} |
* [[Elephantiasis nostras]], due to longstanding chronic lymphangitis{{Citation needed|date=June 2018}} |
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* [[Elephantiasis tropica]] (known as lymphatic filariasis), caused by a number of parasitic worms, particularly ''[[Wuchereria bancrofti]]''. More than 120 million people, mostly in Africa and Southeast Asia, are affected.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Carlson|first1=Emily|title=Taking the 'Bite' Out of Vector-Borne Diseases - Inside Life Science Series - National Institute of General Medical Sciences|url=https://publications.nigms.nih.gov/insidelifescience/vector-borne-diseases.html |
* [[Elephantiasis tropica]] (known as lymphatic filariasis), caused by a number of parasitic worms, particularly ''[[Wuchereria bancrofti]]''. More than 120 million people, mostly in Africa and Southeast Asia, are affected.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Carlson|first1=Emily|title=Taking the 'Bite' Out of Vector-Borne Diseases - Inside Life Science Series - National Institute of General Medical Sciences|url=https://publications.nigms.nih.gov/insidelifescience/vector-borne-diseases.html|publisher=publications.nigms.nih.gov|access-date=29 November 2016|date=27 March 2013|archive-date=28 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728010133/https://publications.nigms.nih.gov/insidelifescience/vector-borne-diseases.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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* [[Nonfilarial elephantiasis]] (or podoconiosis), an immune disease affecting the lymph vessels{{Citation needed|date=June 2018}} |
* [[Nonfilarial elephantiasis]] (or podoconiosis), an immune disease affecting the lymph vessels{{Citation needed|date=June 2018}} |
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* [[Leishmaniasis]]<ref name=":1" /> |
* [[Leishmaniasis]]<ref name=":1" /> |
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* Elephantiasis, Grade 3 [[lymphedema]] which may occur in people with [[breast cancer]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Lymphedema|url=https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/lymphedema/lymphedema-pdq |publisher=National Cancer Institute|access-date=29 November 2016|date=29 May 2015}}</ref> |
* Elephantiasis, Grade 3 [[lymphedema]] which may occur in people with [[breast cancer]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Lymphedema|url=https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/lymphedema/lymphedema-pdq |publisher=National Cancer Institute|access-date=29 November 2016|date=29 May 2015}}</ref> |
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* Genital elephantiasis, |
* Genital elephantiasis, result of [[lymphogranuloma venereum]]{{Citation needed|date=June 2018}} |
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* [[Proteus syndrome]], a genetic disorder best known as the condition possibly |
* [[Proteus syndrome]], a genetic disorder best known as the condition possibly experienced by [[Joseph Merrick]], the so-called "Elephant Man"{{Citation needed|date=June 2018}} |
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Other causes may include: |
Other causes may include: |
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* Hereditary birth defects<ref name=":1" /> |
* Hereditary birth defects<ref name=":1" /> |
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* [[Pretibial myxedema]] |
* [[Pretibial myxedema]] |
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Other diseases, such as the rare [[Klippel–Trénaunay syndrome]], can initially be misdiagnosed as elephantiasis. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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* {{cite EB9 |wstitle = Elephantiasis |volume= VIII | page=126 |short=1 }} |
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[[Category:Symptoms and signs: Skin and subcutaneous tissue]] |
[[Category:Symptoms and signs: Skin and subcutaneous tissue]] |
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Revision as of 07:54, 21 July 2024
| Elephantiasis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Elephantiasis of the legs due to filariasis. | |
| Specialty | Infectious disease, general surgery |
| Symptoms | Swelling of the skin |
Elephantiasis, often incorrectly called elephantitis, is the enlargement and hardening of limbs or body parts due to tissue swelling.[1][2] It is characterised by edema, hypertrophy, and fibrosis of skin and subcutaneous tissues, due to obstruction of lymphatic vessels.[2] It may affect the genitalia.[2] The term elephantiasis is often used in reference to (symptoms caused by) parasitic worm infections,[1][2] but may refer to a variety of diseases that swell parts of the subject's body to exceptionally massive proportions.[2]
Cause
Some conditions that present with elephantiasis include:
- Elephantiasis nostras, due to longstanding chronic lymphangitis[citation needed]
- Elephantiasis tropica (known as lymphatic filariasis), caused by a number of parasitic worms, particularly Wuchereria bancrofti. More than 120 million people, mostly in Africa and Southeast Asia, are affected.[3]
- Nonfilarial elephantiasis (or podoconiosis), an immune disease affecting the lymph vessels[citation needed]
- Leishmaniasis[2]
- Elephantiasis, Grade 3 lymphedema which may occur in people with breast cancer[4]
- Genital elephantiasis, result of lymphogranuloma venereum[citation needed]
- Proteus syndrome, a genetic disorder best known as the condition possibly experienced by Joseph Merrick, the so-called "Elephant Man"[citation needed]
Other causes may include:
- Repeated streptococcal infection[2]
- Lymphadenectomy[2]
- Hereditary birth defects[2]
- Pretibial myxedema
Other diseases, such as the rare Klippel–Trénaunay syndrome, can initially be misdiagnosed as elephantiasis.
References
- ^ a b "Definition of ELEPHANTIASIS". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2018-06-28.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "elephantiasis", The Free Dictionary, retrieved 2018-06-28
- ^ Carlson, Emily (27 March 2013). "Taking the 'Bite' Out of Vector-Borne Diseases - Inside Life Science Series - National Institute of General Medical Sciences". publications.nigms.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 28 July 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ "Lymphedema". National Cancer Institute. 29 May 2015. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
External links
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. VIII (9th ed.). 1878. p. 126.
- "Lymphatic filariasis". World Health Organization. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
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