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Coordinates: 51°08′41″N 0°05′36″E / 51.144765°N 0.093459°E / 51.144765; 0.093459
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{{short description|Village in Kent, England}}
{{other uses}}
{{other uses}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
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{{Infobox UK place
{{Infobox UK place
| country = England
| country = England
|type = [[Village]] and [[civil parish]]
| official_name = Cowden
| official_name = Cowden
| static_image_name = Cottage, High St, Cowden - geograph.org.uk - 1375868.jpg
| static_image_name = Cottage, High St, Cowden - geograph.org.uk - 1375868.jpg
| static_image_caption = A cottage on the High Street
| static_image_caption = A cottage on the High Street
| coordinates = {{coord|51.144765|0.093459|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|51.144765|0.093459|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| population = 818
| population = 818
| population_ref = (2011 Census)<ref name=ONS>{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11122388&c=Cowden&d=16&e=62&g=6437883&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1474209906927&enc=1|title=Civil Parish population 2011|accessdate=18 September 2016|publisher=Office for National Statistics| work=Neighbourhood Statistics}}</ref>
| population_ref = (2011 Census)<ref name=ONS>{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11122388&c=Cowden&d=16&e=62&g=6437883&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1474209906927&enc=1|title=Civil Parish population 2011|accessdate=18 September 2016|publisher=Office for National Statistics| work=Neighbourhood Statistics}}</ref>
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| shire_county = [[Kent]]
| shire_county = [[Kent]]
| region = South East England
| region = South East England
| constituency_westminster = [[Tonbridge and Malling (UK Parliament constituency)|Tonbridge and Malling]]
| constituency_westminster = [[Tonbridge (UK Parliament constituency)|Tonbridge]]
| post_town = [[Edenbridge, Kent|Edenbridge]]
| post_town = [[Edenbridge, Kent|Edenbridge]]
| postcode_district = TN8
| postcode_district = TN8
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| os_grid_reference =
| os_grid_reference =
}}
}}
'''Cowden''' ({{IPAc-en|k|aʊ|ˈ|d|ɛ|n}}) is a small village and [[civil parish]] in the [[Sevenoaks (district)|Sevenoaks]] District of [[Kent]], England. The parish is located on the northern slopes of the [[Weald]], south-west of [[Tonbridge]]. The old High Street has [[Listed building#England and Wales|Grade II listed]] cottages and village houses, and there is an inn called The Fountain. At the 2011 Census the population of the village was 818.<ref name=ONS/>
'''Cowden''' ({{IPAc-en|k|aʊ|ˈ|d|ɛ|n}}) is a village and [[civil parish]] in the [[Sevenoaks (district)|Sevenoaks]] District of [[Kent]], England. The parish is located on the northern slopes of the [[Weald]], south-west of [[Tonbridge]], and lies close to the borders of both [[East Sussex]] and [[Surrey]]. It is situated within the [[High Weald AONB]]. The old High Street has [[Listed building#England and Wales|Grade II listed]] cottages and village houses, and there is an inn called The Fountain. At the 2011 Census the population of the village was 818.<ref name=ONS/>


==History==
==History==
The [[Ancient Rome|Romans]] built the [[London to Lewes Way (Roman road)|London to Lewes Way]] across what is now the garden of Waystrode Manor. The first owners of the manor received it from King John in 1208.{{citation needed||date=May 2016}}
The [[Ancient Rome|Romans]] built the [[London to Lewes Way (Roman road)|London to Lewes Way]] across what is now the garden of Waystrode Manor. The first owners of the manor received it from King John in 1208.{{citation needed|date=May 2016}}


Crippenden Manor, built in about 1607, was once the home of ironmaster, Richard Tichborne (1568-1639), related to the Tichbornes of Tichborne, Hampshire. This branch of the Tichbornes descended from a younger son of John Tichborne and Margaret Martin, who inherited his mother's lands in and around Edenbridge, including Crippenden. Richard was the son of John Tichborne (c1549-1620) and Dorothy Chaloner, daughter of Thomas Chaloner of Lyndfield and his wife, Alice Shirley. Richard married Dorothy Saxbie, circa 1592, and had at least ten children, including Dorothy who married John Tillinghast (1604–55), son of the Rector of Streat, who was also involved in the iron industry. Richard formally leased Crippenden from 1612 and built the house there. It descended to Captain Edmund Tichborne who sold the manor after 1721.{{citation needed||date=May 2016}}
Crippenden Manor, built in about 1607, was once the home of ironmaster, Richard Tichborne (1568-1639), related to the Tichbornes of Tichborne, Hampshire. This branch of the Tichbornes descended from a younger son of John Tichborne and Margaret Martin, who inherited his mother's lands in and around Edenbridge, including Crippenden. Richard was the son of John Tichborne (c1549-1620) and Dorothy Chaloner, daughter of Thomas Chaloner of Lyndfield and his wife, Alice Shirley. Richard married Dorothy Saxbie, circa 1592, and had at least ten children, including Dorothy who married John Tillinghast (1604–55), son of the Rector of Streat, who was also involved in the iron industry. Richard formally leased Crippenden from 1612 and built the house there. It descended to Captain Edmund Tichborne who sold the manor after 1721.{{citation needed|date=May 2016}}


The village appears as ''Cudena'' in [[Textus Roffensis]].<ref>{{cite web
The village appears as ''Cudena'' in [[Textus Roffensis]].<ref>{{cite web
Line 36: Line 38:
|year=1797}}</ref>
|year=1797}}</ref>


In 1649 [[Robert Tichborne]], a nephew of Richard Tichborne, petitioned the House of Commons in favour of the execution of Charles I. He was one of the Commissioners who, in 1651, prepared the way for the union with Scotland; he was knighted in 1655 by [[Oliver Cromwell|Cromwell]], and was elevated to the peerage in 1657. After the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, he was arrested and sentenced to death, but was reprieved, imprisoned in [[Dover Castle]] and died, in 1682, in the [[Tower of London]]. The family, however, did not die out in Cowden until 1708, when the last member of the family, John Tichbourne, was buried there.{{citation needed||date=May 2016}}
In 1649 [[Robert Tichborne]], a nephew of Richard Tichborne, petitioned the House of Commons in favour of the execution of Charles I. He was one of the Commissioners who, in 1651, prepared the way for the union with Scotland; he was knighted in 1655 by [[Oliver Cromwell|Cromwell]], and was elevated to the peerage in 1657. After the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, he was arrested and sentenced to death, but was reprieved, imprisoned in [[Dover Castle]] and died, in 1682, in the [[Tower of London]]. The family, however, did not die out in Cowden until 1708, when the last member of the family, John Tichbourne, was buried there.{{citation needed|date=May 2016}}


This is old [[Wealden iron industry|Wealden iron]] country, recalled by the cast iron memorial slab in the church, to John Bottinge, dated 1622. This was a time when the area was producing guns for the Army and Navy, as well as domestic and agricultural ware. Cowden had its own [[blast furnace]] "Kitford Mead" Blast furnace keepers abode, was built in 1573, it has the only remains exterior combing decoration left in the south of England, from 1573 until sometime in the 18th century. The rumoured second 'upper' Cowden Furnace is now known to have been Scarlets Furnace nearby is on the Kent side of the stream and the three counties actually meet between old Basings house and Smithers Farm.<ref>Pearce, H, ''Hammer and Furnace Ponds'', Pomegranate Press (2011)</ref>
This is old [[Wealden iron industry|Wealden iron]] country, recalled by the cast iron memorial slab in the church, to John Bottinge, dated 1622. This was a time when the area was producing guns for the Army and Navy, as well as domestic and agricultural ware. Cowden had its own [[blast furnace]] from 1573 until sometime in the 18th century. Kitford Mead, the blast furnace keepers abode, was built in 1573. It has the only remaining exterior combing decoration left in the south of England and is a Grade II [[listed building]].<ref>{{NHLE|grade=II|desc=Kitford Mead|num= 1192745 |date=26 November 1953}}</ref> An iron furnace at Cowden, mentioned in 1574 and 1588, was situated at Lat 51 deg 8' 20" N., Long 0 deg 4' 50 " E. It was "ruined" before 1664. Apparently the furnace was established by John Tichborne , whose mill was proved in 1556. In 1574 a mill was worked by Michael Weston of Lye and is presumed to be the Cowden Furnace.<ref> OS Card / NAR index entry, OS 6" 1910 (Bibliographic reference). SKE7702.</ref> A rumoured second 'upper' Cowden Furnace is now known to have been Scarlets Furnace, situated nearby on the Kent side of the stream. The three counties actually meet between old Basings house and Smithers Farm.<ref>Pearce, H, ''Hammer and Furnace Ponds'', Pomegranate Press (2011)</ref>


==Church==
==Parish church==
[[File:St Mary Magdalene's Church, Cowden.JPG|thumb|St Mary Magdalene's Church, Cowden]]
The ancient{{weasel inline|date=May 2016}} parish church is dedicated to St Mary Magdalene, and has a restored shingle covered spire.{{citation needed||date=May 2016}}
⚫
Parts of the parish straddle the Kent Water which forms the border with [[East Sussex]] and [[Surrey]] where the three counties meet.{{citation needed|date=May 2016}} It is centred on the 13th-century church of St Mary Magdalene with its slender, wooden shingled spire, bomb-damaged during [[World War II]] and since re-shingled. The spire is barely perceptibly out of perpendicular, which gave rise to a rhyme:<ref name=coe-cowden>{{cite web

Parts of the parish straddle the Kent Water which forms the border with [[East Sussex]] and [[Surrey]] where the three counties meet.{{citation needed||date=May 2016}}

⚫
It is centred on a 13th-century church of St Mary Magdalene with its slender, wooden shingled spire, bomb-damaged during [[World War II]] and since re-shingled. The spire is barely perceptibly out of perpendicular, which gave rise to a rhyme:<ref name=coe-cowden>{{cite web
|url=http://www.achurchnearyou.com/cowden/
|url=http://www.achurchnearyou.com/cowden/
|title=St Mary Magdalene, Cowden
|title=St Mary Magdalene, Cowden
Line 53: Line 52:
Lying priest, deceitful people.}}
Lying priest, deceitful people.}}


The church is built of sandstone, its tower and steeple timber-framed inside. The old bells were recast and rehung in 1911 to commemorate the reign of [[Edward VII]] and a sixth bell was added at the Coronation of [[George V of the United Kingdom|George V]].{{citation needed||date=May 2016}}
The church is built of sandstone, its tower and steeple timber-framed inside. The old bells were recast and rehung in 1911 to commemorate the reign of [[Edward VII]] and a sixth bell was added at the Coronation of [[George V of the United Kingdom|George V]].{{citation needed|date=May 2016}}


A stained glass window given to the church in 1947, celebrates 'the remarkable preservation of this village during the years 1939-45' and features figures of St Bridget (representing the women of the parish), St Nicholas (for the sailors), St George (the soldiers and airmen), and St Mary Magdalene, all the company of Sir Walstan (the farmer [[bishop of Worcester]] Wulfstan (1062–95) representing the local farmers). Below them are 20th-century figures: a sailor, soldier, airman, a nurse, and others making up a representative group of people involved in World War II, all turned towards a Christ-figure whose protection they seek.{{citation needed||date=May 2016}}
A stained glass window, by W Warren Wilson, given to the church in 1947,<ref name=NHLE /> celebrates 'the remarkable preservation of this village during the years 1939-45' and features figures of St Bridget (representing the women of the parish), St Nicholas (for the sailors), St George (the soldiers and airmen), and St Mary Magdalene, all the company of Sir Walstan (the farmer [[bishop of Worcester]] Wulfstan (1062–95) representing the local farmers). Below them are 20th-century figures: a sailor, soldier, airman, a nurse, and others making up a representative group of people involved in World War II, all turned towards a Christ-figure whose protection they seek.{{citation needed|date=May 2016}} The church is a Grade I [[listed building]].<ref name=NHLE>{{NHLE|grade=I|desc=Church of St Mary Magdalene|num= 1085906 |date=10 September 1954}}</ref>


==The Queen's Arms==
==The Queens Arms==
[[File:The Queens Arms, Cowden Pound, Kent - geograph.org.uk - 193441.jpg|thumb|The Queen's Arms]]
[[File:The Queens Arms, Cowden Pound, Kent - geograph.org.uk - 193441.jpg|thumb|The Queens Arms]]


[[Queen's Arms, Cowden Pound|The Queen's Arms]] is a mid 19th century [[listed building|Grade II listed]] [[public house]] at Hartfield Road.<ref name=EnglishHeritage>{{NHLE |num= 1387747|desc= Queen's Arms, Cowden Pound|access-date= 20 August 2014|mode=cs2}}</ref> It is on the [[Campaign for Real Ale]]'s [[National Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors]].<ref name=Brandwood>{{cite book|last1=Brandwood|first1=Geoff|title=Britain's best real heritage pubs|date=2013|publisher=CAMRA|location=St. Albans|isbn=9781852493042|page=50}}</ref>
[[Queen's Arms, Cowden Pound|The Queens Arms]] is a mid 19th century [[listed building|Grade II listed]] [[public house]] at Hartfield Road.<ref name=EnglishHeritage>{{NHLE |num= 1387747|desc= Queens Arms, Cowden Pound|access-date= 20 August 2014|mode=cs2}}</ref> It is on the [[Campaign for Real Ale]]'s [[National Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors]].<ref name=Brandwood>{{cite book|last1=Brandwood|first1=Geoff|title=Britain's best real heritage pubs|date=2013|publisher=CAMRA|location=St. Albans|isbn=9781852493042|page=50}}</ref>


==Transport==
==Transport==
[[Cowden railway station]] is on the Uckfield branch of the [[Oxted Line]]. There is a regular service to London and Uckfield.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.southernrailway.com/travel-information/plan-your-journey/station-information/stations/-/media/goahead/gtr-all-timetables/timetables-15-dec-2019-to-16-may-2020/gtr1912ptt29web.pdf|title= Timetable 29: Uckfield and East Grinstead to London|work= Southern, December 2019}} </ref> The [[Cowden rail crash]] occurred just south of the station on 15 October 1994.
Its [[Cowden railway station|railway station]] was the scene of a [[Cowden rail crash|fatal crash]] in 1994. There is a regular service to London and Uckfield.{{citation needed||date=May 2016}}


==Notable residents==
==Notable residents==
Neil Trotter and partner Nicky Ottoway, who won £108 Million in the euromillions purchased a £5 million property with eight bedrooms overlooking vast woodland and fields with its own lake in Cowden, following their win. The traditional mansion is also home to Neil’s fleet of Supercars. An attempted break in was reported to the property by a balaclava gang in the months following the purchase of the house, surprising many as Cowden was known as an area with a low crime rate.

⚫
English author and actress [[Clemence Dane]] (Winifred Ashton) wrote part of her novel ''The Arrogant History of White Ben'' in Cowden, signing the book Cowden 1938 at the end of the tale.<ref>Clemence Dane, ''The Arrogant History of White Ben'' London, William Heinemann 1939</ref>

[[Ralph Alger Bagnold|Brigadier Ralph Bagnold]], OBE, FRS, desert explorer and the founder and first leader of the Long Range Desert Group, lived at Rickwoods, just outside Cowden, between 1949 and 1983. A world expert on the movement of sand by natural means, he worked with NASA on the movement of sand on Mars, as a result of which a sandy area of that planet is now known as 'The Bagnold Dunes'.


⚫
English author and actress [[Clemence Dane]] (Winifred Ashton) wrote part of her novel ''The Arrogant History of White Ben'' in Cowden, signing the book Cowden 1938 at the end of the tale.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Dane |first1=Clemence |title=The Arrogant History of White Ben |date=1939 |publisher=William Heinemann}}</ref>
⚫
The English author and illustrator of children's books, [[Roger Hargreaves]], best known as the creator of the Mr Men and Little Miss series of books, lived at Sussex House Farm in Hartfield Road from 1982 to 1988. He is buried in the graveyard of the parish church, in an extension of land which he had donated the year before his death.{{citation needed||date=May 2016}}


⚫
The English author and illustrator of children's books, [[Roger Hargreaves]], best known as the creator of the Mr Men and Little Miss series of books, lived at Sussex House Farm in Hartfield Road from 1982 to 1988. He is buried in the graveyard of the parish church, in an extension of land which he had donated the year before his death.{{citation needed|date=May 2016}}
The English actor [[John Mills|Sir John Mills]] lived in Cowden for several years.{{citation needed||date=May 2016}}


==References==
==References==
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930165042/http://www.thesussexweald.com/P5.asp?PId=PK.Cowden The Weald Of Kent, Town History]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930165042/http://www.thesussexweald.com/P5.asp?PId=PK.Cowden The Weald Of Kent, Town History]
* [http://www.cowden-pound-pastures.org.uk/ Cowden Pound Pastures]
* [http://www.cowden-pound-pastures.org.uk/ Cowden Pound Pastures]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071009100631/http://beehive.thisiskentandeastsussex.co.uk/default.asp?WCI=SiteHome&ID=3915&PageID=19245 Cowden Conservation Society]
* [http://www.multimap.com/map/browse.cgi?lat=51.146&lon=0.095&scale=100000&icon=x Multimap]
* [http://www.multimap.com/map/browse.cgi?lat=51.146&lon=0.095&scale=100000&icon=x Multimap]
* [http://www.fountain-cowden.com The Fountain Inn, Cowden]
* [http://www.fountain-cowden.com The Fountain Inn, Cowden]

Latest revision as of 09:25, 22 July 2024

For other uses, see Cowden (disambiguation).

Cowden
Village and civil parish
A cottage on the High Street
Cowden is located in Kent
Cowden
Cowden
Location within Kent
Population818 (2011 Census)[1]
District
Shire county
Region
LandEngland
Sovereign stateVereinigtes Königreich
Post townEdenbridge
Postcode districtTN8
PoliceKent
FireKent
AmbulanceSouth East Coast
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Kent
51°08′41″N 0°05′36″E / 51.144765°N 0.093459°E / 51.144765; 0.093459

Cowden (/kaʊˈdɛn/) is a village and civil parish in the Sevenoaks District of Kent, England. The parish is located on the northern slopes of the Weald, south-west of Tonbridge, and lies close to the borders of both East Sussex and Surrey. It is situated within the High Weald AONB. The old High Street has Grade II listed cottages and village houses, and there is an inn called The Fountain. At the 2011 Census the population of the village was 818.[1]

History

[edit]

The Romans built the London to Lewes Way across what is now the garden of Waystrode Manor. The first owners of the manor received it from King John in 1208.[citation needed]

Crippenden Manor, built in about 1607, was once the home of ironmaster, Richard Tichborne (1568-1639), related to the Tichbornes of Tichborne, Hampshire. This branch of the Tichbornes descended from a younger son of John Tichborne and Margaret Martin, who inherited his mother's lands in and around Edenbridge, including Crippenden. Richard was the son of John Tichborne (c1549-1620) and Dorothy Chaloner, daughter of Thomas Chaloner of Lyndfield and his wife, Alice Shirley. Richard married Dorothy Saxbie, circa 1592, and had at least ten children, including Dorothy who married John Tillinghast (1604–55), son of the Rector of Streat, who was also involved in the iron industry. Richard formally leased Crippenden from 1612 and built the house there. It descended to Captain Edmund Tichborne who sold the manor after 1721.[citation needed]

The village appears as Cudena in Textus Roffensis.[2]

In 1649 Robert Tichborne, a nephew of Richard Tichborne, petitioned the House of Commons in favour of the execution of Charles I. He was one of the Commissioners who, in 1651, prepared the way for the union with Scotland; he was knighted in 1655 by Cromwell, and was elevated to the peerage in 1657. After the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, he was arrested and sentenced to death, but was reprieved, imprisoned in Dover Castle and died, in 1682, in the Tower of London. The family, however, did not die out in Cowden until 1708, when the last member of the family, John Tichbourne, was buried there.[citation needed]

This is old Wealden iron country, recalled by the cast iron memorial slab in the church, to John Bottinge, dated 1622. This was a time when the area was producing guns for the Army and Navy, as well as domestic and agricultural ware. Cowden had its own blast furnace from 1573 until sometime in the 18th century. Kitford Mead, the blast furnace keepers abode, was built in 1573. It has the only remaining exterior combing decoration left in the south of England and is a Grade II listed building.[3] An iron furnace at Cowden, mentioned in 1574 and 1588, was situated at Lat 51 deg 8' 20" N., Long 0 deg 4' 50 " E. It was "ruined" before 1664. Apparently the furnace was established by John Tichborne , whose mill was proved in 1556. In 1574 a mill was worked by Michael Weston of Lye and is presumed to be the Cowden Furnace.[4] A rumoured second 'upper' Cowden Furnace is now known to have been Scarlets Furnace, situated nearby on the Kent side of the stream. The three counties actually meet between old Basings house and Smithers Farm.[5]

Parish church

[edit]
St Mary Magdalene's Church, Cowden

Parts of the parish straddle the Kent Water which forms the border with East Sussex and Surrey where the three counties meet.[citation needed] It is centred on the 13th-century church of St Mary Magdalene with its slender, wooden shingled spire, bomb-damaged during World War II and since re-shingled. The spire is barely perceptibly out of perpendicular, which gave rise to a rhyme:[6]

Cowden church, crooked steeple, Lying priest, deceitful people.

The church is built of sandstone, its tower and steeple timber-framed inside. The old bells were recast and rehung in 1911 to commemorate the reign of Edward VII and a sixth bell was added at the Coronation of George V.[citation needed]

A stained glass window, by W Warren Wilson, given to the church in 1947,[7] celebrates 'the remarkable preservation of this village during the years 1939-45' and features figures of St Bridget (representing the women of the parish), St Nicholas (for the sailors), St George (the soldiers and airmen), and St Mary Magdalene, all the company of Sir Walstan (the farmer bishop of Worcester Wulfstan (1062–95) representing the local farmers). Below them are 20th-century figures: a sailor, soldier, airman, a nurse, and others making up a representative group of people involved in World War II, all turned towards a Christ-figure whose protection they seek.[citation needed] The church is a Grade I listed building.[7]

The Queens Arms

[edit]
The Queens Arms

The Queens Arms is a mid 19th century Grade II listed public house at Hartfield Road.[8] It is on the Campaign for Real Ale's National Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors.[9]

Transport

[edit]

Cowden railway station is on the Uckfield branch of the Oxted Line. There is a regular service to London and Uckfield.[10] The Cowden rail crash occurred just south of the station on 15 October 1994.

Notable residents

[edit]

English author and actress Clemence Dane (Winifred Ashton) wrote part of her novel The Arrogant History of White Ben in Cowden, signing the book Cowden 1938 at the end of the tale.[11]

The English author and illustrator of children's books, Roger Hargreaves, best known as the creator of the Mr Men and Little Miss series of books, lived at Sussex House Farm in Hartfield Road from 1982 to 1988. He is buried in the graveyard of the parish church, in an extension of land which he had donated the year before his death.[citation needed]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Civil Parish population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  2. ^ Edward Hasted (1797). "The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 3". pp. 203–210.
  3. ^ Historic England (26 November 1953). "Kitford Mead (Grade II) (1192745)". National Heritage List for England.
  4. ^ OS Card / NAR index entry, OS 6" 1910 (Bibliographic reference). SKE7702.
  5. ^ Pearce, H, Hammer and Furnace Ponds, Pomegranate Press (2011)
  6. ^ "St Mary Magdalene, Cowden". Church of England.
  7. ^ a b Historic England (10 September 1954). "Church of St Mary Magdalene (Grade I) (1085906)". National Heritage List for England.
  8. ^ Historic England, "Queens Arms, Cowden Pound (1387747)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 August 2014
  9. ^ Brandwood, Geoff (2013). Britain's best real heritage pubs. St. Albans: CAMRA. p. 50. ISBN 9781852493042.
  10. ^ "Timetable 29: Uckfield and East Grinstead to London" (PDF). Southern, December 2019.
  11. ^ Dane, Clemence (1939). The Arrogant History of White Ben. William Heinemann.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cowden.


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