Elberfeld

For the town in Indiana, see Elberfeld, Indiana. For the baseball player, see Kid Elberfeld.

Coat of arms

The suspension railway of Elberfeld was built over the river in order to keep the streets unobstructed.

Elberfeld ca. 1899

Bond of the former town Elberfeld, issued 1. March 1922

Elberfeld is a municipal subdivision of the German city of Wuppertal; it was an independent town until 1929.

History

The first official mentioning of the geographic area on the banks of today's Wupper River as "elverfelde" was in a document of 1161. Etymologically, elver is derived from the old Low German word for "river." (See etymology of the name of the German Elbe River; cf. North Germanic älv.) Therefore, the original meaning of "elverfelde" can be understood as "field on the river." Elverfelde received its town charter in 1610.

In 1726, Elias Eller and a pastor, Daniel Schleyermacher, founded a Philadelphian Society. They later moved to Ronsdorf in the Duchy of Berg, becoming the Zionites, a fringe sect.

In 1826 Friedrich Harkort, a famous German industrialist and politician, had a type of suspension railway built as a trial and ran it on the grounds of what is today the tax office at Elberfeld. In fact the railway, the Schwebebahn Wuppertal, was eventually built between Oberbarmen and Vohwinkel and runs through Elberfeld.

In 1888 the district of Sonnborn was incorporated into Elberfeld. In 1929 the towns of Barmen, Elberfeld, Vohwinkel, Cronenberg and Ronsdorf became a municipal entity officially called "Barmen-Elberfeld;" in the same year, the unified city administration through a vote of its council members decided to rename the newly incorporated city "Wuppertal." This took place in 1930. Today Elberfeld is the largest municipal subdivision of Wuppertal.

Notable people

• Greta Bösel (1908–1947), concentration camp guard executed for war crimes
• Arno Breker, sculptor
• Heinz Thilo, SS war criminal
• Werner Eggerath, East German politician
• Karl Germer, Outer Head of Ordo Templi Orientis (1947–1962)
• Will Glahé, accordionist, composer, and bandleader
• Carl Grossberg, artist
• Theodor Hausmann (1880–1972), composer
• August von der Heydt (1801–1874), economist
• Eduard von der Heydt (1882–1964), banker
• Walter Kaufmann (physicist), physicist
• Hans Knappertsbusch, conductor
• Erich Koch, Nazi Party Gauleiter of East Prussia, Reichskommissar of Ukraine, convicted war criminal
• Hermann Friedrich Kohlbrugge, minister
• Friedrich Wilhelm Krummacher, minister
• Johann Peter Lange, Protestant theologian
• Else Lasker-Schüler (1869–1945), poet
• Wilhelm Neumann-Torborg, sculptor
• Friedrich Philippi, historian
• Julius Plücker, mathematician and physicist
• Eugene Plumacher (1838–1910), emigrant to the United States, diplomat
• Sigurd Raschèr, saxophonist
• Paul Ortwin Rave, art historian and director of the Berlin National Gallery
• Fritz Roeber (1851–1924), painter
• Sir Hans Wolfgang Singer, economist
• Johannes Steele (1908–1988), journalist
• Horst Stein (1901–1989), conductor
• Horst Tappert (1923–2008), actor
• Edward Thonen (1827-1854), emigrant to Australia, leader of Eureka Rebellion
• Günter Wand (1912–2002), conductor
• Carl Wirths (1897–1955), politician
• Sulamith Wülfing, artist

See also

• Elberfeld system