Olney, Maryland: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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|name = Olney, Maryland |
| name = Olney, Maryland |
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|settlement_type = [[Census-designated place]] |
| settlement_type = [[Census-designated place]] |
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|nickname = |
| nickname = |
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|motto = |
| motto = |
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<!-- Images --> |
<!-- Images --> |
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|image_skyline = St. John's Episcopal Olney 01.JPG |
| image_skyline = St. John's Episcopal Olney 01.JPG |
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|imagesize = |
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|image_caption = Olney's St. John's Episcopal Church in 2013. |
| image_caption = Olney's St. John's Episcopal Church in 2013. |
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|image_flag = |
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|image_seal = |
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<!-- Maps --> |
<!-- Maps --> |
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|image_map = Montgomery_County_Maryland_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Olney_Highlighted.svg |
| image_map = Montgomery_County_Maryland_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Olney_Highlighted.svg |
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|mapsize = 250x200px |
| mapsize = 250x200px |
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|map_caption = Location of Olney in Maryland |
| map_caption = Location of Olney in Maryland |
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<!-- Location --> |
<!-- Location --> |
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| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] |
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] |
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| subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]] |
| subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]] |
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| subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Maryland|County]] |
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Maryland|County]] |
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| subdivision_name = {{flagu|United States}} |
| subdivision_name = {{flagu|United States}} |
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| subdivision_name1 = {{Flag|Maryland}} |
| subdivision_name1 = {{Flag|Maryland}} |
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| subdivision_name2 = {{Flagicon image|Flag of Montgomery County, Maryland.svg}} [[Montgomery County, Maryland|Montgomery]] |
| subdivision_name2 = {{Flagicon image|Flag of Montgomery County, Maryland.svg}} [[Montgomery County, Maryland|Montgomery]] |
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|government_footnotes = |
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|established_title = |
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|established_date = |
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| area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_24.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=April 26, 2022}}</ref> |
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<!-- Area --> |
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| area_magnitude = |
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| area_total_km2 = 42.02 |
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| area_land_km2 = 41.91 |
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| area_water_km2 = 0.11 |
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| area_total_sq_mi = 16.22 |
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| area_land_sq_mi = 16.18 |
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| area_water_sq_mi = 0.04 |
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|area_water_sq_mi = 0.0 |
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<!-- Population --> |
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| population_density_km2 = 854.69 |
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| timezone = [[Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]] |
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<!-- General information --> |
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| utc_offset = −5 |
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|utc_offset = −5 |
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| utc_offset_DST = −4 |
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| elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/> |
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|utc_offset_DST = −4 |
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| elevation_ft = 499 |
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|elevation_m = 165 |
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| postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]s |
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| postal_code = 20830, 20832, 20833 |
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| area_code = [[Area codes 301 and 240|301, 240]] |
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| blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]] |
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| blank_info = 24-58900 |
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| blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID |
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| blank1_info = 2389620<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2389620}}</ref> |
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| website = |
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| footnotes = |
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|website = {{URL|olneymd.com/|http://www.OlneyMD.com/}} |
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}} |
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'''Olney''' is a |
'''Olney''' is a [[census-designated place]] and an unincorporated area in [[Montgomery County, Maryland]], United States. It is located in the north central part of the county, {{convert|10|mi|km|spell=in}} north of [[Washington, D.C.]] |
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Olney was largely agricultural until the 1960s, when growth of Washington, D.C.'s suburbs led to its conversion into a mostly residential area. It has a total population of 35,820 as of the [[2020 United States census]].<ref name="QuickFacts">{{cite web |title=QuickFacts: Olney CDP, Maryland |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/olneycdpmaryland/POP010220 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=17 August 2021}}</ref> |
Olney was largely agricultural until the 1960s, when growth of Washington, D.C.'s suburbs led to its conversion into a mostly residential area. It has a total population of 35,820 as of the [[2020 United States census]].<ref name="QuickFacts">{{cite web |title=QuickFacts: Olney CDP, Maryland |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/olneycdpmaryland/POP010220 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=17 August 2021}}</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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In 1763, Richard Brooke received a [[land patent|patent]] for a tract of land located in the [[Province of Maryland]].<ref name= centuries>Sween, Jane C.; Offutt, William. ''Montgomery County: Centuries of Change''. |
In 1763, Richard Brooke received a [[land patent|patent]] for a tract of land located in the [[Province of Maryland]].<ref name= centuries>Sween, Jane C.; Offutt, William. ''Montgomery County: Centuries of Change''. American Historical Press, 1999. {{ISBN|1-892724-05-7}}.</ref> Originally known as Mechanicsville,<ref name= centuries/> the village which became Olney was established in 1800. The area was mostly farmland, but it soon began attracting artisans. Early residents Sarah Brooke and Dr. Charles Farquhar were devotees of the English poet [[William Cowper]], and named their home after the poet's hometown of [[Olney, Buckinghamshire|Olney in England]].<ref name= centuries/> The area was later named for their home, which still stands and is known as the Olney House. In the town's center was a [[blacksmith]], William Kelley's [[wheelwright]] shop, Canby's pottery factory, and a Benedict Duley's store.<ref name= centuries/> |
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The Brooke family held the largest tracts of land in Olney, whose central village was at the intersection of the [[Rockville, Maryland|Rockville]] to [[Baltimore]] road, and the one which connected Washington with [[Westminster, Maryland|Westminster]] to the north. The Quaker community in [[Sandy Spring, Maryland|Sandy Spring]] thrived just to Olney's east. The [[Sandy Spring Museum]] is a historical museum featuring educational programs and displays. St. John's Episcopal Church was established in 1842 and survives to this day. |
The Brooke family held the largest tracts of land in Olney, whose central village was at the intersection of the [[Rockville, Maryland|Rockville]] to [[Baltimore]] road, and the one which connected Washington with [[Westminster, Maryland|Westminster]] to the north. The Quaker community in [[Sandy Spring, Maryland|Sandy Spring]] thrived just to Olney's east. The [[Sandy Spring Museum]] is a historical museum featuring educational programs and displays. St. John's Episcopal Church was established in 1842 and survives to this day. |
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Although not as involved in the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] as areas of Maryland to the west, Olney residents still experienced the tug-of-war between loyalty to the plantation economy of the South and to the Federal government in Maryland's midst. Both [[Union Army|Union]] and [[Confederate Army|Confederate]] forces made stops in Olney during the war. Union Generals [[George B. McClellan]] and [[Ambrose Burnside]] led soldiers through in the midst of the [[Maryland Campaign]] in 1862. During the [[Gettysburg Campaign]] in 1863, Confederate General [[J. E. B. Stuart]] marched between 10,000 and 20,000 troops north through the village and raided it of supplies, including horses and crops from surrounding farms in which they [[Bivouac shelter|bivouacked]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Farquhar|first1=Robert Brooke|title=Historic Montgomery County, Maryland: Old Homes and History|date=1954|publisher=University of Michigan|pages=148, 243|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NsdWAAAAMAAJ}}</ref> |
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Olney served as the original headquarters of the [[Emergency Management Institute]], founded in 1951 as the Civil Defense Staff College (CDSC) to provide training for civil defense. While there, the college built "Rescue Street," a training center designed to resemble atomic bomb ruins.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Furman|first1=Bess|title=Atom Bomb 'Ruins' Will Aid Defense|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1952/06/25/archives/atom-bomb-ruins-will-aid-defense-havoc-of-air-attack-simulated-to.html|access-date=May 3, 2018|work=The New York Times|date=June 24, 1952}}</ref> The CDSC was soon relocated to [[Battle Creek, Michigan]] due to security concerns of a potential attack on Washington, D.C. during the [[Cold War]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Emergency Management Institute (EMI) Overview|url=https://training.fema.gov/history.aspx|publisher=[[Federal Emergency Management Agency]]|access-date=May 3, 2018}}</ref> |
Olney served as the original headquarters of the [[Emergency Management Institute]], founded in 1951 as the Civil Defense Staff College (CDSC) to provide training for civil defense. While there, the college built "Rescue Street," a training center designed to resemble atomic bomb ruins.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Furman|first1=Bess|title=Atom Bomb 'Ruins' Will Aid Defense|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1952/06/25/archives/atom-bomb-ruins-will-aid-defense-havoc-of-air-attack-simulated-to.html|access-date=May 3, 2018|work=The New York Times|date=June 24, 1952}}</ref> The CDSC was soon relocated to [[Battle Creek, Michigan]] due to security concerns of a potential attack on Washington, D.C. during the [[Cold War]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Emergency Management Institute (EMI) Overview|url=https://training.fema.gov/history.aspx|publisher=[[Federal Emergency Management Agency]]|access-date=May 3, 2018}}</ref> |
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==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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Olney has a total area of {{convert|13.0|sqmi|km2}}, all land. |
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Olney's town center sits at the intersection of state route 97 (Georgia Avenue) and route 108 (Olney-Laytonsville Road). The town, larger than any other in the neighboring areas, lies south of [[Brookeville, Maryland|Brookeville]], west of [[Sandy Spring, Maryland|Sandy Spring]], [[points of the compass#16-wind compass rose|east-northeast]] of [[Gaithersburg, Maryland|Gaithersburg]], [[points of the compass#16-wind compass rose|north-northeast]] of [[Rockville, Maryland|Rockville]], and north of [[Aspen Hill, Maryland|Aspen Hill]]. |
Olney's town center sits at the intersection of state route 97 (Georgia Avenue) and route 108 (Olney-Laytonsville Road). The town, larger than any other in the neighboring areas, lies south of [[Brookeville, Maryland|Brookeville]], west of [[Sandy Spring, Maryland|Sandy Spring]], [[points of the compass#16-wind compass rose|east-northeast]] of [[Gaithersburg, Maryland|Gaithersburg]], [[points of the compass#16-wind compass rose|north-northeast]] of [[Rockville, Maryland|Rockville]], and north of [[Aspen Hill, Maryland|Aspen Hill]]. |
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==Demographics== |
==Demographics== |
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{{US Census population |
{{US Census population |
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|2010= 33844 |
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|2020= 35820 |
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|footnote=source:<ref>{{cite web |
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|url = https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |
|url = https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title = Census of Population and Housing|publisher = [[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date = March 19, 2007 |
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|title = Census of Population and Housing |
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|publisher = [[U.S. Census Bureau]] |
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|access-date = March 19, 2007 |
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}}</ref><br>2010–2020<ref name="QuickFacts"/> |
}}</ref><br>2010–2020<ref name="QuickFacts"/> |
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}} |
}} |
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At the [[2010 United States Census|2010 U.S. Census]],<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/cf/1.0/en/place/Olney%20CDP,%20Maryland/POPULATION/DECENNIAL_CNT|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=September 27, 2016|title=Community Facts (for Olney CDP, Maryland)|website=American FactFinder|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200214005051/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/cf/1.0/en/place/Olney%20CDP,%20Maryland/POPULATION/DECENNIAL_CNT|archive-date=February 14, 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref> there were 33,844 people, 11,606 households, and 9,447 families residing in the area. The population density was 2,603.4 |
At the [[2010 United States Census|2010 U.S. Census]],<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/cf/1.0/en/place/Olney%20CDP,%20Maryland/POPULATION/DECENNIAL_CNT|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=September 27, 2016|title=Community Facts (for Olney CDP, Maryland)|website=American FactFinder|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200214005051/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/cf/1.0/en/place/Olney%20CDP,%20Maryland/POPULATION/DECENNIAL_CNT|archive-date=February 14, 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref> there were 33,844 people, 11,606 households, and 9,447 families residing in the area. The population density was {{convert|2,603.4|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 11,879 housing units at an average density of {{convert|913.8|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units |units|}}. The ethnic makeup of the area was 75.1% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 11.9% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 12.0% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 8.5% [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]], and 0.53% Native American. 3.1% of the population identifies with "Some Other Race." |
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There were 11,606 households, of which 81.4% were family households. Among all households: |
There were 11,606 households, of which 81.4% were family households. Among all households: |
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According to a 2015 survey, the median household income was $126,762, and the median family income was $138,072. Men had a median income of $96,624 versus $68,709 for women. The per capita income for the area was $48,289. 2.8% of the population and 2.3% of families were below the poverty line.<ref>{{cite web|title=Selected Economic Characteristics – 2015 American Community Survey|url=https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/15_5YR/DP03/8600000US20832|website=American FactFinder|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=September 22, 2017|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213035657/https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/15_5YR/DP03/8600000US20832|archive-date=February 13, 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
According to a 2015 survey, the median household income was $126,762, and the median family income was $138,072. Men had a median income of $96,624 versus $68,709 for women. The per capita income for the area was $48,289. 2.8% of the population and 2.3% of families were below the poverty line.<ref>{{cite web|title=Selected Economic Characteristics – 2015 American Community Survey|url=https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/15_5YR/DP03/8600000US20832|website=American FactFinder|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=September 22, 2017|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213035657/https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/15_5YR/DP03/8600000US20832|archive-date=February 13, 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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==Arts and culture== |
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⚫ | There are three [[Montgomery County Public Schools (Maryland)|Montgomery County Public School]] clusters that |
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"Olney Days" is held annually each April, and included a parade and charity bike ride and walk.{{citation needed|date=March 2023}} |
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==Culture== |
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Founded in 1938, the [[Olney Theatre]] is one of two state theaters in Maryland. It presents dramatic and musical live theatrical productions.{{citation needed|date=March 2023}} |
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Olney is also home to the Olney Big Band and Olney Concert Band.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.olneyconcertband.org/ |title=Olney Concert Band |publisher=Olney Concert Band |access-date=2016-09-27}}</ref> |
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There is a branch of the Montgomery County Library. |
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Olney is the home to Rock N' Roll Revival, which is an annual show and community tradition at Sherwood High School.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Agresti|first=Aimee|date=2003-03-02|title=Olney's Golden Oldies|language=en-US|work=Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2003/03/02/olneys-golden-oldies/006fa2ef-1199-4591-8509-da6b172ad664/|access-date=2021-01-23|issn=0190-8286}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Brachfeld|first1=Melissa J.|title=Sherwood High to present Rock 'n' Roll Revival|url=http://www.gazette.net/stories/030508/olnenew213343_32356.shtml|access-date=May 3, 2018|work=The Gazette|date=March 3, 2008}}</ref> |
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Falling Green had been an active farm since 1764.<ref>{{cite web|title=OBGC Park History|url=http://t107.demosphere.com/scripts/runisa.dll?M2.65990:gp:637143.4687:73304+L3/+E+104+473256|website=Olney Boys and Girls Community Sports Association|publisher=(c) 2016 Olney Boys & Girls Community, (c) 2016 Demosphere International, Inc.|access-date=September 27, 2016}}</ref> A house and barn survive from the original farm. Falling Green house is a Georgian architecture house built in 1770 by a Quaker planter.<ref>{{cite web|title=Falling Green House|url=http://www.fallinggreen.com/|website=Falling Green House|publisher=Olney Boys and Girls Community Sports Association|access-date=September 27, 2016}}</ref> |
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Olney has more than a dozen houses of worship of multiple faiths, including Catholic, Episcopalian, Methodist, Jewish, Seventh-Day Adventist, Baptist, and Latter-Day Saints. |
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==Parks and recreation== |
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Every year at the end of April, a community festival known as "Olney Days" is held, including a parade, charity bike ride and walk, movie night, and other activities. |
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===Recreation=== |
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Olney is also home to a private country club and a golf driving range. |
Olney is also home to a private country club and a golf driving range, and the Norbeck golf course. |
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As an all-volunteer (but for a handful of admin staff) non-profit organization, OBGC has provided sports recreation and training for over 45,000 Olney youth since 1969.<ref name="ObgcHistInfo">{{cite web|title=OBGC History & Info|url=http://www.obgc.com/organizations/2317/pages/93606|website=Olney Boys & Girls Club (OBGC)|publisher=Olney Boys and Girls Community Sports Association|access-date=September 27, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161001164521/http://www.obgc.com/organizations/2317/pages/93606|archive-date=October 1, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> (April 2005) In 1999 Joshua Freeman and The Carl M. Freeman Foundation joined with the Olney Boys and Girls Community Sports Club to bring additional youth recreational facilities to the Olney Community. Freeman Fields is named in memory of Carl M. Freeman.<ref>{{cite web|title=Legacy Grants|url=http://www.carlfreemanfoundation.org/grants/past-legacy-grants|website=Carl M. Freedman Foundation|access-date=September 27, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011025548/http://www.carlfreemanfoundation.org/grants/past-legacy-grants|archive-date=October 11, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> As the site of OBGC Park, Falling Green had been an active farm since 1764.<ref>{{cite web|title=OBGC Park History|url=http://t107.demosphere.com/scripts/runisa.dll?M2.65990:gp:637143.4687:73304+L3/+E+104+473256|website=Olney Boys and Girls Community Sports Association|publisher=(c) 2016 Olney Boys & Girls Community, (c) 2016 Demosphere International, Inc.|access-date=September 27, 2016}}</ref> A house and barn survive from the original farm. Falling Green house, built in 1770 by Quaker planter Basil Brooke, is one of Montgomery County, MD's prominent expressions of Georgian architecture.<ref>{{cite web|title=Falling Green House|url=http://www.fallinggreen.com/|website=Falling Green House|publisher=Olney Boys and Girls Community Sports Association|access-date=September 27, 2016}}</ref> |
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⚫ | There are three [[Montgomery County Public Schools (Maryland)|Montgomery County Public School]] clusters that trisect Olney, with some children attending elementary and middle schools that send students on to [[Sherwood High School (Maryland)|Sherwood High School]] and others attending schools that send students to [[Colonel Zadok A. Magruder High School|Magruder High School]] or [[James Hubert Blake High School]]. The [[Our Lady of Good Counsel High School (Montgomery County, Maryland)|Our Lady of Good Counsel High School]] building opened in January 2007, enabling the [[Roman Catholic]] high school to relocate to Olney from [[Wheaton, Maryland]]. The new building of [[Washington Christian Academy]] opened in 2008 in Olney. Brooke Grove Elementary School, a public elementary school in Olney, was awarded in 1999 the Blue Ribbon School for Excellence. Cashell Elementary School was also selected as a 2014 National Blue Ribbon School. Other elementary schools serving Olney include Olney Elementary School, Belmont, and Sherwood. Middle schools include William Farquhar and Rosa Parks. |
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===Olney Theatre=== |
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{{main|Olney Theatre}} |
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Founded in 1938, the [[Olney Theatre]] is one of two state theaters in Maryland. It presents professional level dramatic and musical live theatrical productions in its large and modern playhouse on the east edge of town, drawing audiences from across the [[Washington metropolitan area]]. Actors who have appeared in performances at the Olney Theater include Helen Hayes, Lillian Gish, Gloria Swanson, Tallulah Bankhead, Paulette Goddard, Eve Arden, Burl Ives, John Carradine, Olivia de Havilland, Hume Cronyn, Jessica Tandy, José Ferrer, Carol Channing, Frances Sternhagen, Laurence Luckenbill, Uzo Aduba, Sir Ian McKellan, Roger Bart, Marcia Gay Harden, and Wilson Jermaine Heredia. |
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==Notable people== |
==Notable people== |
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*[[Joe Aitcheson Jr.]], jockey in [[National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame|Racing Hall of Fame]] |
*[[Joe Aitcheson Jr.]], jockey in [[National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame|Racing Hall of Fame]] |
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*[[Hilda Counts]], first woman to earn an electrical engineering degree from the [[University of Colorado]] |
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⚫ | *[[United States Secretary of the Interior|Secretary of the Interior]] |
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*[[Frank Miller (comics)|Frank Miller]], an artist and film director best known for his [[film noir]]-style [[comic book]] stories |
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*[[Katie Feeney]], social media personality and correspondent for the [[Washington Commanders]] |
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*[[Moira Geoffrion]], sculptor |
*[[Moira Geoffrion]], sculptor |
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*[[Ali Raza (commissioner)|Ali Raza]], Commissioner of the [[Rockville, Maryland|Rockville]], Maryland District Court System |
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*[[Frank Miller]], artist and film director |
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*[[Evan Vucci]], photographer |
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==References== |
==References== |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{commons category|Olney, Maryland}} |
{{commons category|Olney, Maryland}} |
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* {{osmrelation|133603}} |
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{{wikivoyage|Olney}} |
{{wikivoyage|Olney}} |
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*[https://www.olneymd.org/ Chamber of Commerce] |
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{{Coord|display=title|39.153022|-77.0747}} |
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{{Montgomery County, Maryland}} |
{{Montgomery County, Maryland}} |
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{{authority control}} |
{{authority control}} |
Latest revision as of 21:59, 25 July 2024
Olney, Maryland | |
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Coordinates: 39°08′11″N 77°04′17″W / 39.13639°N 77.07139°W | |
Land | Vereinigte Staaten |
State | Maryland |
County | Montgomery |
Area | |
• Total | 16.22 sq mi (42.02 km2) |
• Land | 16.18 sq mi (41.91 km2) |
• Water | 0.04 sq mi (0.11 km2) |
Elevation | 499 ft (152 m) |
Population (2020) | |
• Total | 35,820 |
• Density | 2,213.57/sq mi (854.69/km2) |
Time zone | UTC−5 (Eastern (EST)) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) |
ZIP codes | 20830, 20832, 20833 |
Area code(s) | 301, 240 |
FIPS code | 24-58900 |
GNIS feature ID | 2389620[2] |
Olney is a census-designated place and an unincorporated area in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. It is located in the north central part of the county, ten miles (16 km) north of Washington, D.C.
Olney was largely agricultural until the 1960s, when growth of Washington, D.C.'s suburbs led to its conversion into a mostly residential area. It has a total population of 35,820 as of the 2020 United States census.[3]
History
[edit]In 1763, Richard Brooke received a patent for a tract of land located in the Province of Maryland.[4] Originally known as Mechanicsville,[4] the village which became Olney was established in 1800. The area was mostly farmland, but it soon began attracting artisans. Early residents Sarah Brooke and Dr. Charles Farquhar were devotees of the English poet William Cowper, and named their home after the poet's hometown of Olney in England.[4] The area was later named for their home, which still stands and is known as the Olney House. In the town's center was a blacksmith, William Kelley's wheelwright shop, Canby's pottery factory, and a Benedict Duley's store.[4]
The Brooke family held the largest tracts of land in Olney, whose central village was at the intersection of the Rockville to Baltimore road, and the one which connected Washington with Westminster to the north. The Quaker community in Sandy Spring thrived just to Olney's east. The Sandy Spring Museum is a historical museum featuring educational programs and displays. St. John's Episcopal Church was established in 1842 and survives to this day.
Although not as involved in the Civil War as areas of Maryland to the west, Olney residents still experienced the tug-of-war between loyalty to the plantation economy of the South and to the Federal government in Maryland's midst. Both Union and Confederate forces made stops in Olney during the war. Union Generals George B. McClellan and Ambrose Burnside led soldiers through in the midst of the Maryland Campaign in 1862. During the Gettysburg Campaign in 1863, Confederate General J. E. B. Stuart marched between 10,000 and 20,000 troops north through the village and raided it of supplies, including horses and crops from surrounding farms in which they bivouacked.[5]
Olney served as the original headquarters of the Emergency Management Institute, founded in 1951 as the Civil Defense Staff College (CDSC) to provide training for civil defense. While there, the college built "Rescue Street," a training center designed to resemble atomic bomb ruins.[6] The CDSC was soon relocated to Battle Creek, Michigan due to security concerns of a potential attack on Washington, D.C. during the Cold War.[7]
Geography
[edit]Olney has a total area of 13.0 square miles (34 km2), all land.
Olney's town center sits at the intersection of state route 97 (Georgia Avenue) and route 108 (Olney-Laytonsville Road). The town, larger than any other in the neighboring areas, lies south of Brookeville, west of Sandy Spring, east-northeast of Gaithersburg, north-northeast of Rockville, and north of Aspen Hill.
Demographics
[edit]Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
2010 | 33,844 | — | |
2020 | 35,820 | 5.8% | |
source:[8] 2010–2020[3] |
At the 2010 U.S. Census,[9] there were 33,844 people, 11,606 households, and 9,447 families residing in the area. The population density was 2,603.4 inhabitants per square mile (1,005.2/km2). There were 11,879 housing units at an average density of 913.8 units per square mile (352.8 units/km2). The ethnic makeup of the area was 75.1% White, 11.9% African American, 12.0% Asian, 8.5% Hispanic or Latino, and 0.53% Native American. 3.1% of the population identifies with "Some Other Race."
There were 11,606 households, of which 81.4% were family households. Among all households:
- 41.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them.
- 67.2% were married couples living together.
- 11.0% had a woman householder with no husband present.
- 3.1% had a man householder with no wife present.
- 22.8% had individuals 65 years and over.
- 18.6% were non-families.
The average household size was 2.91 and the average family size was 3.25.
28.9% of residents were under the age of 20, 25.8% from 20 to 44, 34.4% from 45 to 64, and 10.8% 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.9 years. For every 100 women, there were 91.8 men.
According to a 2015 survey, the median household income was $126,762, and the median family income was $138,072. Men had a median income of $96,624 versus $68,709 for women. The per capita income for the area was $48,289. 2.8% of the population and 2.3% of families were below the poverty line.[10]
Arts and culture
[edit]Historic sites include Olney Ale House, Sandy Spring Museum, and Woodlawn Manor Living History Museum.[11]
"Olney Days" is held annually each April, and included a parade and charity bike ride and walk.[citation needed]
Founded in 1938, the Olney Theatre is one of two state theaters in Maryland. It presents dramatic and musical live theatrical productions.[citation needed]
There is a branch of the Montgomery County Library.
Falling Green had been an active farm since 1764.[12] A house and barn survive from the original farm. Falling Green house is a Georgian architecture house built in 1770 by a Quaker planter.[13]
Parks and recreation
[edit]Public parks include Olney Manor Park (which features the Olney Swim Center), Southeast Olney Park, Longwood Park, Cherrywood Park, Bowie Mill Park, and the OBGC Park at Freeman Fields.
Olney is also home to a private country club and a golf driving range, and the Norbeck golf course.
Bildung
[edit]There are three Montgomery County Public School clusters that trisect Olney, with some children attending elementary and middle schools that send students on to Sherwood High School and others attending schools that send students to Magruder High School or James Hubert Blake High School. The Our Lady of Good Counsel High School building opened in January 2007, enabling the Roman Catholic high school to relocate to Olney from Wheaton, Maryland. The new building of Washington Christian Academy opened in 2008 in Olney. Brooke Grove Elementary School, a public elementary school in Olney, was awarded in 1999 the Blue Ribbon School for Excellence. Cashell Elementary School was also selected as a 2014 National Blue Ribbon School. Other elementary schools serving Olney include Olney Elementary School, Belmont, and Sherwood. Middle schools include William Farquhar and Rosa Parks.
Notable people
[edit]- Joe Aitcheson Jr., jockey in Racing Hall of Fame
- Hilda Counts, first woman to earn an electrical engineering degree from the University of Colorado
- Stefon Diggs, wide receiver for the Buffalo Bills; attended Our Lady of Good Counsel in Olney
- Katie Feeney, social media personality and correspondent for the Washington Commanders
- Moira Geoffrion, sculptor
- Harold L. Ickes, U.S. Secretary of the Interior, bought the Headwaters Farm in 1937.[14]
- Justin Maxwell, outfielder for the Washington Nationals and others
- Frank Miller, artist and film director
- Evan Vucci, photographer
References
[edit]- ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 26, 2022.
- ^ a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Olney, Maryland
- ^ a b "QuickFacts: Olney CDP, Maryland". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 17, 2021.
- ^ a b c d Sween, Jane C.; Offutt, William. Montgomery County: Centuries of Change. American Historical Press, 1999. ISBN 1-892724-05-7.
- ^ Farquhar, Robert Brooke (1954). Historic Montgomery County, Maryland: Old Homes and History. University of Michigan. pp. 148, 243.
- ^ Furman, Bess (June 24, 1952). "Atom Bomb 'Ruins' Will Aid Defense". The New York Times. Retrieved May 3, 2018.
- ^ "Emergency Management Institute (EMI) Overview". Federal Emergency Management Agency. Retrieved May 3, 2018.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved March 19, 2007.
- ^ "Community Facts (for Olney CDP, Maryland)". American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 14, 2020. Retrieved September 27, 2016.
- ^ "Selected Economic Characteristics – 2015 American Community Survey". American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved September 22, 2017.
- ^ "(in process of moving) to Historic Brookeville Academy". Woodlawn Manor Museum. Retrieved September 27, 2016.
- ^ "OBGC Park History". Olney Boys and Girls Community Sports Association. (c) 2016 Olney Boys & Girls Community, (c) 2016 Demosphere International, Inc. Retrieved September 27, 2016.
- ^ "Falling Green House". Falling Green House. Olney Boys and Girls Community Sports Association. Retrieved September 27, 2016.
- ^ "Homeland Village History". Homeland Village Community Association. Retrieved July 18, 2016.