Duke of Cleveland: Difference between revisions
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| heir_apparent = |
| heir_apparent = |
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| heir_presumptive = |
| heir_presumptive = |
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| remainder_to = |
| remainder_to = 1st Duke's [[heirs male]] [[heirs of the body|of the body]] lawfully begotten |
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| subsidiary_titles = Marquess of Cleveland |
| subsidiary_titles = Marquess of Cleveland<br/>Earl of Darlington<br/>Earl of Chichester<br/>Viscount Barnard<br/>Baron Barnard<br/>Baron Raby<br/>Baron Newbury |
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| status = Extinct |
| status = Extinct |
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| extinction_date = 21 August 1891 |
| extinction_date = 21 August 1891 |
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==Dukes of Cleveland, first creation (1670)== |
==Dukes of Cleveland, first creation (1670)== |
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The Dukes also held the titles of Countess of Southampton and Baroness Nonsuch, in the County of Surrey, created at the same time. The second and third Dukes also held the titles of Duke of Southampton, Earl of Chichester and Baron of Newbury, in the County of Berkshire (created 1675). |
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*[[Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland]] (1641–1709), a mistress of [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] |
*[[Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland]] (1641–1709), a mistress of [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] |
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:''Other titles (2nd onwards): Duke of Southampton, Earl of Chichester and Baron of Newbury, in the County of Berkshire (1675)'' |
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*[[Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Cleveland]], 1st Duke of Southampton (1662–1730), eldest (illegitimate) son of the 1st Duchess of Cleveland and Charles II |
*[[Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Cleveland]], 1st Duke of Southampton (1662–1730), eldest (illegitimate) son of the 1st Duchess of Cleveland and Charles II |
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*[[William FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Cleveland]], 2nd Duke of Southampton (1698–1774), eldest son of the 2nd Duke of Cleveland. He died without issue, and his titles were extinct. |
*[[William FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Cleveland]], 2nd Duke of Southampton (1698–1774), eldest son of the 2nd Duke of Cleveland. He died without issue, and his titles were extinct. |
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==Dukes of Cleveland, second creation (1833)== |
==Dukes of Cleveland, second creation (1833)== |
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[[File:Arms of Vane.svg|thumb |
[[File:Arms of Vane.svg|thumb|Arms of Vane: ''Azure, three sinister gauntlets (appaumée) or''.<ref>Debrett's Peerage, 1968, p. 115, which omits ''appaumée'', useful in differentiating from Fane arms; concerning ''appaumée'' Cussans (1898) states: "In blazoning a Hand, besides stating what position it occupies, and whether it be the dexter or sinister, and erased or couped, it must be mentioned whether it be clenched or appaumé". (Cussans, John, [https://archive.org/stream/handbookofherald00cuss_0/handbookofherald00cuss_0_djvu.txt ''Handbook of Heraldry''], 2nd ed., London, 1868, p.47, p. 92)</ref> These are a [[difference (heraldry)|difference]] of the arms of the ''Fane'' family, [[Earl of Westmorland|Earls of Westmorland]] from 1624, which show: ''three dexter gauntlets back affrontée'', with identical tinctures]] |
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Other titles held by these Dukes include Marquess of Cleveland (1827), Earl of Darlington, in the County of Durham and Viscount Barnard, of Barnard's Castle in the county of Durham (1754), Baron Barnard, of Barnard's Castle in the Bishopric of Durham (1698), and Baron Raby, of Raby Castle in the County Durham (1833). |
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*[[William Vane, 1st Duke of Cleveland|William Harry Vane, 1st Duke of Cleveland]] (1766–1842), great-grandson of the above 2nd Duke |
*[[William Vane, 1st Duke of Cleveland|William Harry Vane, 1st Duke of Cleveland]] (1766–1842), great-grandson of the above 2nd Duke |
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*[[Henry Vane, 2nd Duke of Cleveland]] (1788–1864), eldest son of the 1st Duke |
*[[Henry Vane, 2nd Duke of Cleveland]] (1788–1864), eldest son of the 1st Duke |
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*[[Harry Powlett, 4th Duke of Cleveland|Harry George Powlett, 4th Duke of Cleveland]] (1803–1891), youngest son of the 1st Duke. All of his titles except for [[Baron Barnard]] became extinct upon his death without issue. |
*[[Harry Powlett, 4th Duke of Cleveland|Harry George Powlett, 4th Duke of Cleveland]] (1803–1891), youngest son of the 1st Duke. All of his titles except for [[Baron Barnard]] became extinct upon his death without issue. |
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==Family tree== |
== Family tree == |
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⚫ | |||
{{hidden|FitzRoy & Vane family tree: Dukes of Cleveland|{{Tree chart/start|style=font-size:90%}} |
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{{Tree chart | | | | | | |DCle | |
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border=0|DCle=''DUCHESS OF CLEVELAND, 1670''}} |
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{{Tree chart | | |KC2 |y|BPC | |
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KC2=[[Charles II of England|King Charles II]]<br>(1630–r.1660–1685)|BPC=[[Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland|Barbara Palmer,<br>'''1st Duchess of Cleveland''']]<br>(1640–1709) |
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|boxstyle_BPC=background-color: #CCFFFF}} |
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{{Tree chart | |F|A|V|~|t|~|~|~|~|~|V|~|7| }} |
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{{Tree chart | |:| |:| |)|-|j|-|jc| |:| |:| }} |
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{{Tree chart |DMon |:| |!| |:|DNor |:|DRLx |border=0 |
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|DMon=''[[James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth|Duke of Monmouth]]''<br>''[[Duke of Buccleuch|Dukes of Buccleuch]]'' |
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⚫ | |||
|DNor=''[[George FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Northumberland|Duke of Northumberland]]'' |
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|DStA=''Dukes of St Albans'' |
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|DRLx=''[[Duke of Richmond and Lennox|Dukes of Richmond<br>& Lennox]]''}} |
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{{Tree chart | | |EPly |!|DGra | |DStA |border=0 |
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|EPly=''[[Charles FitzCharles, 1st Earl of Plymouth|Earl of Plymouth]]'' |
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|DGra=''[[Duke of Grafton|Dukes of Grafton]]'' |
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|DStA=''[[Duke of St Albans|Dukes of St Albans]]''}} |
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{{Tree chart | | | | |DSot | |
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border=0|DSot=''DUKE OF SOUTHAMPTON, 1675''}} |
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{{Tree chart | | | | |D2 | |
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D2=[[Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Cleveland|Charles FitzRoy,<br>1st Duke of Southampton,<br>'''2nd Duke of Cleveland''']]<br>''illegitimate''<br>(1662–1730) |
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|boxstyle_D2=background-color: #CCFFFF}} |
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{{Tree chart | | | | | |)|-|-|-|.| | |EDar | |
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border=0|EDar=''[[Earl of Darlington]]''}} |
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{{Tree chart | | | | |D3 | |LGF |v|H1D | |
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D3=[[William FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Cleveland|William FitzRoy,<br>2nd Duke of Southampton,<br>'''3rd Duke of Cleveland''']]<br>(1698–1774)|LGF=Lady Grace Fitzroy<br>(1697–1763)|H1D=[[Henry Vane, 1st Earl of Darlington|Henry Vane,<br>1st Earl of Darlington]]<br>(c.1705–1758) |
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|boxstyle_D3=background-color: #CCFFFF}} |
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{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | |!| }} |
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{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | |H2D | |
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H2D=[[Henry Vane, 2nd Earl of Darlington|Henry Vane,<br>2nd Earl of Darlington]]<br>(1726–1792)}} |
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{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | |!| }} |
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{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | |DCle | |
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border=0|DCle=''DUKE OF CLEVELAND, 1833''}} |
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{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | |W1C | |
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W1C=[[William Vane, 1st Duke of Cleveland|William Harry Vane,<br>3rd Earl of Darlington,<br>'''1st Duke of Cleveland''']]<br>(1766–1842) |
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|boxstyle_W1C=background-color: #CCFFFF}} |
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{{Tree chart | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|.|}} |
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{{Tree chart | | | | |H2C | |W3C | |H4C | |
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H2C=[[Henry Vane, 2nd Duke of Cleveland|Henry Vane,<br>4th Earl of Darlington,<br>'''2nd Duke of Cleveland''']]<br>(1788–1864)|W3C=[[William Vane, 3rd Duke of Cleveland|William John Frederick Vane,<br>5th Earl of Darlington,<br>'''3rd Duke of Cleveland''']]<br>(1792–1864)|H4C=[[Harry Powlett, 4th Duke of Cleveland|Harry George Vane (Powlett),<br>6th Earl of Darlington,<br>'''4th Duke of Cleveland''']]<br>(1803–1891) |
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|boxstyle_H2C=background-color: #CCFFFF |
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|boxstyle_W3C=background-color: #CCFFFF |
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|boxstyle_H4C=background-color: #CCFFFF}} |
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{{Tree chart/end}} |
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|headerstyle=background:#ccccff|bodystyle=text-align:center}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
Latest revision as of 11:52, 28 July 2024
This article needs additional citations for verification. (June 2015) |
Dukedom of Cleveland | |
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Creation date | 29 January 1833 |
Erstellung | Second |
Created by | King William IV |
Peerage | Peerage of the United Kingdom |
First holder | William Vane, 1st Marquess of Cleveland |
Last holder | Harry Powlett, 4th Duke of Cleveland |
Remainder to | 1st Duke's heirs male of the body lawfully begotten |
Subsidiary titles | Marquess of Cleveland Earl of Darlington Earl of Chichester Viscount Barnard Baron Barnard Baron Raby Baron Newbury |
Status | Extinct |
Extinction date | 21 August 1891 |
Motto | NEC TEMERE NEC TIMERE (Neither rashly nor timidly) |
Duke of Cleveland was a title that was created twice, once in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. The dukedoms were named after Cleveland in northern England.
The first creation in 1670 (along with the barony of Nonsuch and the earldom of Southampton) was for Barbara Castlemaine, a mistress of King Charles II. The dukedom was created with a special remainder allowing it to be inherited by her first son, Charles FitzRoy, and his heirs male, then by her third son, George FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Northumberland, both being her illegitimate sons by Charles II. Charles FitzRoy was created Duke of Southampton in 1675 and inherited the dukedom of Cleveland in 1709.
His son William inherited both dukedoms in 1730. He died without heirs male in 1774. As there were no heirs male descended from George FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Northumberland and the 1st Duchess of Cleveland's 2nd son (Henry Fitzroy, 1st Duke of Grafton) and his heirs male had not been made eligible to inherit the dukedom of Cleveland, the title became extinct.
The dukedom of Cleveland was created again on 29 January 1833 for William Vane, 3rd Earl of Darlington, along with the title Baron Raby.[1] He was a great-grandson of Charles FitzRoy, the second Duke of the first creation, and had already been created Marquess of Cleveland on 5 October 1827.[2] For more information on this creation, which became extinct in 1891, and the Vane family, see the Baron Barnard.
Dukes of Cleveland, first creation (1670)
[edit]The Dukes also held the titles of Countess of Southampton and Baroness Nonsuch, in the County of Surrey, created at the same time. The second and third Dukes also held the titles of Duke of Southampton, Earl of Chichester and Baron of Newbury, in the County of Berkshire (created 1675).
- Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland (1641–1709), a mistress of Charles II
- Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Cleveland, 1st Duke of Southampton (1662–1730), eldest (illegitimate) son of the 1st Duchess of Cleveland and Charles II
- William FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Cleveland, 2nd Duke of Southampton (1698–1774), eldest son of the 2nd Duke of Cleveland. He died without issue, and his titles were extinct.
Dukes of Cleveland, second creation (1833)
[edit]Other titles held by these Dukes include Marquess of Cleveland (1827), Earl of Darlington, in the County of Durham and Viscount Barnard, of Barnard's Castle in the county of Durham (1754), Baron Barnard, of Barnard's Castle in the Bishopric of Durham (1698), and Baron Raby, of Raby Castle in the County Durham (1833).
- William Harry Vane, 1st Duke of Cleveland (1766–1842), great-grandson of the above 2nd Duke
- Henry Vane, 2nd Duke of Cleveland (1788–1864), eldest son of the 1st Duke
- William John Frederick Vane, 3rd Duke of Cleveland (1792–1864), second son of the 1st Duke
- Harry George Powlett, 4th Duke of Cleveland (1803–1891), youngest son of the 1st Duke. All of his titles except for Baron Barnard became extinct upon his death without issue.
Family tree
[edit]Family trees of the: Dukes of Cleveland, Dukes of Southampton, and Earls of Darlington, Barons Barnard, and subsidiary titles | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References
[edit]- ^ "No. 19013". The London Gazette. 15 January 1833. p. 97.
- ^ "No. 18397". The London Gazette. 18 September 1827. p. 1955.
- ^ Debrett's Peerage, 1968, p. 115, which omits appaumée, useful in differentiating from Fane arms; concerning appaumée Cussans (1898) states: "In blazoning a Hand, besides stating what position it occupies, and whether it be the dexter or sinister, and erased or couped, it must be mentioned whether it be clenched or appaumé". (Cussans, John, Handbook of Heraldry, 2nd ed., London, 1868, p.47, p. 92)