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Photo of an epigraphic dedication to Zberthourdos and Iambadoule.

Iambadoule is a Thracian goddess, epigraphically testified together with the Thracian god Zberthourdos (Sbelsurdos).

Epigraphy

The deity is attested in an inscription written in Ancient Greek. A male deity, identified as Zberthourdos, is standing unclothed with a naked woman on a horse by his side.^[1]^[2]

θεῷ Ζβερθούρδῳ καὶ Ἰαμβαδούλῃ, ἐπιφανηστάτοις, Αὐρ(ήλιος) Διονύσιος, στρατ(ιώτης) χῶρτις τοῦ πραιτ(ωρίου) ἑκατοντάρχ(ου) Φλωρεντίνου, θέλων ἀνέθηκα

Translation:

To God Zberthourdos and Iambadoule, the most prominent, Aurelius Dionysius, a local soldier of the praetorian centurion Florentinus, wished to dedicate.

According to Dimitar Detschew, the form Ἰαμβαδούλῃ appears in the dative, pointing to a nominative Ἰαμβαδούλῃ (Iambadoule) or Ἰαμβαδούλῃς (Iambadoules).^[3]

Etymology

French archeologist Paul Perdrizet [fr] indicated that the particle "-δουλέ" is also attested in personal name Δουλέ-ζελμις, a Thracian mercenary.^[4]

Detschew suggested that the deity's name is an epithet of a Thracian earth-mother goddess, translated as "the one that places the grain", with "iamba" meaning "wheat; wealthy, nutrition", and "doule" from Proto-Indo-European *dhe- 'to place', plus nomen agentis suffix -lo.^[5]

Bulgarian linguist Vladimir I. Georgiev proposed that Iambadoules means 'rainstorm, thunderstorm', from Dula 'the storm',^[6] with relation to Old Iranian ambhas 'water' and Greek θύελλα (thúella) 'storm'.^[7]

Legacy

According to researcher Dragoslav Antonijević, Dragojlovic argued that the South Slavic character of the samovila (a fairy-like figure) is a continuation of this Thracian goddess.^[8]

References

^ Perdrizet, Paul [in French] (1899). "Le dieu Thrace Zbelthiourdos". Revue des Études Anciennes. 1 (1): 24. doi:10.3406/rea.1899.1123.
^ Bellon, Tiffany (2019). "Migration et appartenance(s). Le cas des Thraces à Rome (Ier-IIIe siècles apr. J.-C.)". Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire (in French). 97 (1): 151. doi:10.3406/rbph.2019.9262.
^ Detschev, Dimitar (1952). "Une triade familiale, dans la religion des Thraces". Bulletin de l'Institut archéologique (in Bulgarian). 18: 50.
^ Perdrizet, Paul [in French] (1899). "Le dieu Thrace Zbelthiourdos". Revue des Études Anciennes. 1 (1): 25. doi:10.3406/rea.1899.1123.
^ Detschev, Dimitar (1952). "Une triade familiale, dans la religion des Thraces". Bulletin de l'Institut archéologique (in Bulgarian). 18: 51.
^ Georgiev, Vladimir I.. "Thrakisch und Dakisch". Band 29/2. Teilband Sprache und Literatur (Sprachen und Schriften [Forts.]), edited by Wolfgang Haase, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1983. p. 1210. doi:10.1515/9783110847031-016
^ Georgiev, Vladimir I.. "Thrakisch und Dakisch". Band 29/2. Teilband Sprache und Literatur (Sprachen und Schriften [Forts.]), edited by Wolfgang Haase, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1983. p. 1168. doi:10.1515/9783110847031-015
^ Antonijević, Dragoslav. "A Contribution to the Study of the Folklore Ritual Substratum in the Balkans". In: Balcanica: annuaire de l'Institut des études balkaniques, 1983, 13-14 (1982-1983), pp. 416-417.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{More citations needed|date=January 2022}}
-'''Iambadoule''' is a [[Thracians|Thracian]] goddess, epigraphically testified together with the Thracian god Zberthourdos ([[Sbelsurd|Sbelsurdos]]).
+[[File:Iambadoule.jpg|thumb|right|Photo of an epigraphic dedication to Zberthourdos and Iambadoule.]]
+'''Iambadoule''' is a [[Thracians|Thracian]] goddess, epigraphically testified together with the Thracian god Zberthourdos ([[Sbelsurd]]os).
-<gallery>
-iambadoule.jpg
-</gallery>
-'''The inscription in Ancient Greek:'''
+== Epigraphy ==
-θεῷ Ζβερθούρδῳ καὶ Ἰαμβαδούλῃ, ἐπιφανηστάτοις, Αὐρ(ήλιος) Διονύσιος, στρατ(ιώτης) χῶρτις τοῦ πραιτ(ωρίου) ἑκατοντάρχ(ου) Φλωρεντίνου, θέλων ἀνέθηκα
+The deity is attested in an inscription written in Ancient Greek. A male deity, identified as [[Zibelthiurdos|Zberthourdos]], is standing unclothed with a naked woman on a horse by his side.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Perdrizet |first=Paul |author-link=:fr:Paul Perdrizet |title=Le dieu Thrace Zbelthiourdos |journal=Revue des Études Anciennes |volume=1 |date=1899 |issue=1 |page=24 |doi=10.3406/rea.1899.1123 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/rea_0035-2004_1899_num_1_1_1123}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Bellon |first=Tiffany |title=Migration et appartenance(s). Le cas des Thraces à Rome (Ier-IIIe siècles apr. J.-C.) |journal=Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire |volume=97 |issue=1 |date=2019 |page=151 |lang=FR |doi=10.3406/rbph.2019.9262 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/rbph_0035-0818_2019_num_97_1_9262}}</ref>
+:θεῷ Ζβερθούρδῳ καὶ Ἰαμβαδούλῃ, ἐπιφανηστάτοις, Αὐρ(ήλιος) Διονύσιος, στρατ(ιώτης) χῶρτις τοῦ πραιτ(ωρίου) ἑκατοντάρχ(ου) Φλωρεντίνου, θέλων ἀνέθηκα
 '''Translation:'''
-To God Zberthourdos and Iambaldoule, the most prominent, Aurelius Dionysius, a local soldier of the praetorian centurion Florentinus, wished to dedicate.
+:''To God Zberthourdos and Iambadoule, the most prominent, Aurelius Dionysius, a local soldier of the praetorian centurion Florentinus, wished to dedicate.''
+According to Dimitar Detschew, the form Ἰαμβαδούλῃ appears in the [[Dative case|dative]], pointing to a [[Nominative case|nominative]] Ἰαμβαδούλῃ (Iambadoule) or Ἰαμβαδούλῃς (Iambadoules).<ref>{{Cite journal |first=Dimitar |last=Detschev |journal=Bulletin de l'Institut archéologique |volume=18 |date=1952 |page=50 |title=Une triade familiale, dans la religion des Thraces |lang=BG}}</ref>
+== Etymology ==
+French archeologist {{ill|Paul Perdrizet|fr|Paul Perdrizet}} indicated that the particle "-δουλέ" is also attested in personal name Δουλέ-ζελμις, a Thracian mercenary.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Perdrizet |first=Paul |author-link=:fr:Paul Perdrizet |title=Le dieu Thrace Zbelthiourdos |journal=Revue des Études Anciennes |volume=1 |date=1899 |issue=1 |page=25 |doi=10.3406/rea.1899.1123 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/rea_0035-2004_1899_num_1_1_1123}}</ref>
+Detschew suggested that the deity's name is an epithet of a Thracian earth-mother goddess, translated as "the one that places the grain", with "iamba" meaning "wheat; wealthy, nutrition", and "doule" from [[Proto-Indo-European]] ''*dhe-'' 'to place', plus nomen agentis suffix ''-lo''.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=Dimitar |last=Detschev |journal=Bulletin de l'Institut archéologique |volume=18 |date=1952 |page=51 |title=Une triade familiale, dans la religion des Thraces |lang=BG}}</ref>
+Bulgarian linguist [[Vladimir I. Georgiev]] proposed that ''Iambadoules'' means 'rainstorm, thunderstorm', from ''Dula'' 'the storm',<ref>Georgiev, Vladimir I.. "Thrakisch und Dakisch". Band 29/2. Teilband Sprache und Literatur (Sprachen und Schriften [Forts.]), edited by Wolfgang Haase, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1983. p. 1210. {{doi|10.1515/9783110847031-016}}</ref> with relation to Old Iranian ''ambhas'' 'water' and Greek θύελλα (thúella) 'storm'.<ref>Georgiev, Vladimir I.. "Thrakisch und Dakisch". Band 29/2. Teilband Sprache und Literatur (Sprachen und Schriften [Forts.]), edited by Wolfgang Haase, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1983. p. 1168. {{doi|10.1515/9783110847031-015}}</ref>
+==Legacy==
+According to researcher Dragoslav Antonijević, Dragojlovic argued that the South Slavic character of the [[samovila]] (a fairy-like figure) is a continuation of this Thracian goddess.<ref>Antonijević, Dragoslav. "[https://dais.sanu.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11778 A Contribution to the Study of the Folklore Ritual Substratum in the Balkans]". In: ''Balcanica: annuaire de l'Institut des études balkaniques'', 1983, 13-14 (1982-1983), pp. 416-417.</ref>
 ==References==
 <references />
+== Further reading ==
+* {{cite journal |first=K. |last=Vlahov |title=Die thrakischen Gottheiten Zberthourdos, Iambadoula und Asdoula |journal=Bulgarian Historical Review |volume=8 |date=1980 |pages=90-96 |lang=DE}}
 [[Category:Thracian goddesses]]