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{{short description|Wikipedia list article}}
{{Short description|none}}
{{More citations needed|date=February 2018}}
{{More citations needed|date=February 2018}}

[[File:Great Leader Comrade Kim Jong-il.jpg|alt=Kim Jong-il, Eternal Leader of Juche Korea and Eternal Chairman of the National Defense Commission of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea|thumb|Kim Jong-il, Eternal Leader of Juche Korea and Eternal Chairman of the National Defense Commission of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea]]
[[Kim Jong-il]], former [[leader of North Korea]], received numerous titles during his rule. Despite his death in 2011, he is currently an Eternal Leader of Juche Korea and the Eternal Chairman of the National Defense Commission of the Republic. When he is mentioned in [[North Korean media]] and publications, he is most commonly referred to as "Great Leader Comrade Kim Jong-il" (Korean:위대한 령도자 김정일동지) or "General" (Korean: 장군님). Like his father and son, when his name is written, it is always emphasised by a special bold font or in a larger font size, for example: "The great leader Comrade '''Kim Jong-il''' provides [[on-the-spot guidance]] to the Ragwon Machine Complex." or "The great leader Comrade <big>Kim Jong-il</big> provides [[on-the-spot guidance]] to the Ragwon Machine Complex." <ref name="Northkoreatech.org">{{cite web |url=http://www.northkoreatech.org/2011/07/20/coding-the-kims/ |title=Coding the Kims |newspaper=[[North Korea Tech]] |date=July 20, 2011 |author=Martyn Williams |accessdate= December 11, 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|date=March 2005|title=55-year-long History of Development of Foreign Trade|url=http://www.kcckp.net/en/periodic/f_trade/index.php?contents+21+2003-03+6+1|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20051119163904/http://www.kcckp.net/en/periodic/f_trade/index.php?contents+21+2003-03+6+1|archivedate=2005-11-19|accessdate=2010-01-05|publisher=Foreign trade}} Article from North Korean magazine.</ref>
[[Kim Jong Il]], the former [[leader of North Korea]], received numerous titles during his rule. Despite his death in 2011, he is currently the Eternal Chairman of the National Defense Commission of the Republic.
== Usage of North Korean media ==
When he is mentioned in [[North Korean media]] and publications, he is most commonly referred to as "Great Leader Comrade Kim Jong Il" ({{Korean|hangul=위대한 령도자 김정일동지|labels=no}}) or "General" ({{Korean|hangul=장군님|labels=no}}).
Like his father and son, when his name is written, it is always emphasised by a special bold font or in a larger font size, for example: "The great leader Comrade {{strong|Kim Jong Il}} provides [[on-the-spot guidance]] to the Ragwon Machine Complex." or "The great leader Comrade {{big|Kim Jong Il}} provides [[on-the-spot guidance]] to the Ragwon Machine Complex."<ref name="Northkoreatech.org">{{cite web |author=Martyn Williams |date=July 20, 2011 |title=Coding the Kims |url=http://www.northkoreatech.org/2011/07/20/coding-the-kims/ |accessdate=December 11, 2014 |newspaper=[[North Korea Tech]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=March 2005 |title=55-year-long History of Development of Foreign Trade |url=http://www.kcckp.net/en/periodic/f_trade/index.php?contents+21+2003-03+6+1 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20051119163904/http://www.kcckp.net/en/periodic/f_trade/index.php?contents+21+2003-03+6+1 |archivedate=2005-11-19 |accessdate=2010-01-05 |publisher=Foreign trade}} Article from North Korean magazine.</ref>


== List of official titles and offices ==
== List of official titles and offices ==


=== Current titles and offices ===
=== Official titles ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
![[Chosŏn'gŭl]] ([[Hancha]])
![[Chosŏn'gŭl]] ([[Hancha]])
!DPRK [[McCune–Reischauer]]
!DPRK [[McCune–Reischauer]]
!English
!English
!Tenure
!Comment
!Comment
! class="unsortable" |References
! class="unsortable" |References
|-
|-
| align="center" |주체조선의 영원한 수령
| align="center" |조선로동당의 영원한 총비서
| align="center" |''Chuch'ech'osŏnŭi Yŏngwŏnhan Suryŏng''
| align="center" |Yŏngwŏnhan Tang Chongpisŏ
| align="center" |[[Eternal leaders of North Korea|Eternal Leader of Juche Korea]]
| align="center" |Eternal General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea
|Appointed at the 4th Conference of the Workers' Party of Korea on 11 April 2012.
|30 June 2016 - incumbent
⚫
|<ref>{{Cite news|last=Gambino|first=Lauren|date=11 April 2012|title=Kim Jong-il made General Secretary for Eternity at North Korea ceremony|language=en-GB|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/northkorea/9197729/Kim-Jong-il-made-General-Secretary-for-Eternity-at-North-Korea-ceremony.html|access-date=6 January 2020|issn=0307-1235}}</ref>
⚫
|Established by a line in the preamble to the [[Constitution of North Korea|Constitution]], as [[Constitutional amendment|amended]] on 30 June 2016.
⚫
|
|-
|-
| align="center" |공화국의 영원한 국방위원회 위원장
| align="center" |공화국의 영원한 국방위원회 위원장
| align="center" |''Gonghwagukŭi Yŏngwŏnhan Gugbangviwonhui Viwonchang''
| align="center" |''Gonghwagukŭi Yŏngwŏnhan Gugbangviwonhui Viwonchang''
| align="center" |Eternal Chairman of the National Defense Commission
| align="center" |Eternal Chairman of the National Defense Commission
⚫
|Appointed at the 5th Meeting of the 12th Supreme People's Assembly on 13 April 2012.
|13 April 2012 - incumbent
⚫
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=공화국의 영원한 국방위원회 위원장이신 김정일동지|url=http://www.uriminzokkiri.com/index.php?ptype=cgisas&mtype=view&no=1190347|website=Uri Minzokkiri|access-date=2021-03-30|archive-date=2022-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215132531/http://www.uriminzokkiri.com/index.php?ptype=cgisas&mtype=view&no=1190347|url-status=dead}}</ref>
⚫
|Was appointed at the 12th Annual Meeting of the Supreme People's Assembly, held in April 2012.
⚫
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=공화국의 영원한 국방위원회 위원장이신 김정일동지|url=http://www.uriminzokkiri.com/index.php?ptype=cgisas&mtype=view&no=1190347|url-status=live|website=Uri Minzokkiri}}</ref>
⚫
|-
⚫
| align="center" |영원한 당 총비서
⚫
| align="center" |Yŏngwŏnhan Tang Chongpisŏ
⚫
| align="center" |Eternal General Secretary of the Party
|11 April 2012 - ??
|It is currently unknown whether this title still exists.
⚫
|<ref>{{Cite news|last=Gambino|first=Lauren|date=11 April 2012|title=Kim Jong-il made General Secretary for Eternity at North Korea ceremony|language=en-GB|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/northkorea/9197729/Kim-Jong-il-made-General-Secretary-for-Eternity-at-North-Korea-ceremony.html|access-date=6 January 2020|issn=0307-1235}}</ref>
|-
|-
| align="center" |조선민주주의인민공화국 대원수
| align="center" |조선민주주의인민공화국 대원수
| align="center" | ''Chosŏnminjujuŭiinmin'gonghwaguk Taewŏnsu''
| align="center" | ''Chosŏnminjujuŭiinmin'gonghwaguk Taewŏnsu''
| align="center" |Generalissimo of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| align="center" |Generalissimo of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| colspan="2" |Posthumously promoted on the 14 February 2012.
|Posthumously promoted on 14 February 2012.
|<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=략력|url=https://ournation-school.com/great/81/2#greates_wrapper|website=Our Nation School}}</ref>
⚫
|
|}
|}


=== Previously held offices and titles ===
=== Held offices and titles ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
![[Chosŏn'gŭl]] ([[Hancha]])
![[Chosŏn'gŭl]] ([[Hancha]])
Line 57: Line 52:
| align="center" |
| align="center" |
| align="center" |Member of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea
| align="center" |Member of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea
|September 1973 - 17 December 2011
|October 1972 – 17 December 2011
|Elected at the 5th Plenary Meeting of the 5th Party Central Committee.
|<ref name=":1"/>
⚫
|-
| align="center" |조선로동당 중앙위원회 비서
|
|
| align="center" |Secretary of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea
|{{cn|date=March 2021}}
|September 1973 – 8 October 1997
|Elected at the 7th Plenary Meeting of the 5th Party Central Committee, re-elected at the 6th Congress of the WPK.
|<ref name=":1"/>
|-
| align="center" |조선로동당 중앙위원회 정치위원회 위원
⚫
|
| align="center" |Member of the Political Committee of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea
|February 1974 – October 1980
|Elected at the 8th Plenary Meeting of the 5th Party Central Committee.
|<ref name=":1"/>
|-
| align="center" |조선로동당 중앙위원회 정치국 상무위원회위원
⚫
|
| align="center" |Member of the Presidium of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea
|October 1980 – 17 December 2011
|Elected at the 6th Congress of the WPK, re-elected at the 3rd Conference of the WPK.
|<ref name=":1"/>
|-
|-
| align="center" |조선로동당 중앙위원회 정치국 위원
| align="center" |조선로동당 중앙위원회 정치국 위원
| align="center" |
| align="center" |
| align="center" |Member of the Political Bureau of the Party Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea
| align="center" |Member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea
|February 1974 - 17 December 2011
|October 1980 – 17 December 2011
|Elected at the 6th Congress of the WPK, re-elected at the 3rd Conference of the WPK.
⚫
|
|<ref name=":1"/>
|-
| align="center" |조선로동당 중앙군사위원회 위원
|
|
| align="center" |Member of the Central Military Commission of the Workers' Party of Korea
|October 1980 – 17 December 2011
|Elected at the 6th Congress of the WPK, re-elected at the 3rd Conference of the WPK.
|<ref name=":1"/>
|-
|-
| align="center" |조선로동당 총비서
| align="center" |조선로동당 총비서
| align="center" |''Chosŏn Rodongdang Ch'ongbisŏ''
| align="center" |''Chosŏn Rodongdang Ch'ongbisŏ''
| align="center" |General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea
| align="center" |General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea
|8 October 1997 - 11 April 2012
|8 October 1997 – 17 December 2011
|Elected by joint notice between the Central Committee and the Central Military Commission of the WPK, re-elected at the 3rd Conference of the WPK.
|<ref name=":1"/>
|-
| align="center" |조선로동당 중앙군사위원회 위원장
| align="center" |''chosŏllodongdang chunganggunsawiwŏnhoe wiwŏnjang''
| align="center" |Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Workers' Party of Korea
|8 October 1997 – 17 December 2011
⚫
|
|
|
|{{cn|date=March 2021}}
|-
|-
! colspan="6" |State
! colspan="6" |State
⚫
|-
| align="center" |조선민주주의인민공화국 최고인민회의 대의원
⚫
|
| align="center" |Deputy to the Supreme Peoples' Assembly of the DPRK
|February 1982 – 17 December 2011
|Elected to the 7th to 12th Supreme Peoples' Assembly.
|<ref name=":1"/>
|-
|-
| align="center" |조선민주주의인민공화국 국방위원회 제1부위원장
| align="center" |조선민주주의인민공화국 국방위원회 제1부위원장
| align="center" |
| align="center" |
| align="center" |First-vice-chairman of the National Defence Commission of the DPRK
| align="center" |First-vice-chairman of the National Defence Commission of the DPRK
|23 May 1990 - 9 April 1993
|23 May 1990 – 9 April 1993
|Elected at the 1st session of the 9th Supreme People's Assembly.
⚫
|
|<ref name=":0">윤일건 (2012년 4월 13일). “北, 김정은 국방위 제1위원장 신설추대(종합)”. 《연합뉴스》. 2018년 8월 21일에 확인함.</ref>
|<ref name=":0">윤일건 (2012년 4월 13일). “北, 김정은 국방위 제1위원장 신설추대(종합)”. 《연합뉴스》. 2018년 8월 21일에 확인함.</ref>
|-
|-
| align="center" |조선민주주의인민공화국 국방위원회 위원장
| align="center" |조선민주주의인민공화국 국방위원회 위원장
| align="center" |
| align="center" |''Chosŏnminjujuŭiinmin'gonghwaguk Kukpangwiwŏnhoe Wiwŏnjang''
| align="center" |Chairman of the National Defence Commission of the DPRK
| align="center" |Chairman of the National Defence Commission of the DPRK
|9 April 1993 - 17 December 2011
|9 April 1993 – 17 December 2011
|Elected at the 5th Session of the 9th Supreme People's Assembly, re-elected at the 1st meetings of the 10th to 12th Supreme Peoples' Assembly.
⚫
|
|<ref name=":0" />
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|-
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|-
|-
| align="center" |조선인민군 최고사령관
| align="center" |조선인민군 최고사령관
| align="center" |
| align="center" |''Chosŏninmin-gun Ch'oegosaryŏnggwan''
| align="center" |Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army
| align="center" |Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army
|24 December 1991 - 17 December 2011
|24 December 1991 – 17 December 2011
|
⚫
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선인민군 최고사령관 김정은동지께서 조선인민군 제２６４대련합부대 지휘부를 시찰하시였다|url=http://web-uridongpo.com/2015/05/24/%EC%A1%B0%EC%84%A0%EC%9D%B8%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%B0-%EC%B5%9C%EA%B3%A0%EC%82%AC%EB%A0%B9%EA%B4%80-%EA%B9%80%EC%A0%95%EC%9D%80%EB%8F%99%EC%A7%80%EA%BB%98%EC%84%9C-%EC%A1%B0%EC%84%A0%EC%9D%B8%EB%AF%BC-35/}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" |조선민주주의인민공화국 원수
|''Chosŏnminjujuŭiinmin'gonghwaguk Wŏnsu''
⚫
| align="center" |Marshal of the DPRK
|April 1992 – 14 February 2012
|
|
|<ref name=":1"/>
⚫
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선인민군 최고사령관 김정은동지께서 조선인민군 제２６４대련합부대 지휘부를 시찰하시였다|url=http://web-uridongpo.com/2015/05/24/%EC%A1%B0%EC%84%A0%EC%9D%B8%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%B0-%EC%B5%9C%EA%B3%A0%EC%82%AC%EB%A0%B9%EA%B4%80-%EA%B9%80%EC%A0%95%EC%9D%80%EB%8F%99%EC%A7%80%EA%BB%98%EC%84%9C-%EC%A1%B0%EC%84%A0%EC%9D%B8%EB%AF%BC-35/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|}
|}


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|align=center|Tangjungang
|align=center|Tangjungang
|align=center|Party Centre/Center of the Party
|align=center|Party Centre/Center of the Party
|The first of Kim Jong-il's titles. Has been in use since 1973 after Kim was secretly appointed as his father's successor and until it was officially announced in order to mention Kim Jong-il in press without calling him by name.
|The first of Kim Jong Il's titles. Has been in use since 1973 after Kim was secretly appointed as his father's successor and until it was officially announced in order to mention Kim Jong Il in press without calling him by name.
|<ref name="sahwe">
|<ref name="sahwe">
{{cite book|last=전|first=영선|publisher=역락|year=2006|isbn=89-5556-491-0|script-title=ko:다시 고쳐 쓴 북한의 사회와 문화|trans-title=A New View of North Korean Society and Culture}}
{{cite book|last=전|first=영선|publisher=역락|year=2006|isbn=89-5556-491-0|script-title=ko:다시 고쳐 쓴 북한의 사회와 문화|trans-title=A New View of North Korean Society and Culture}}
Line 126: Line 170:
|align=center|Ch'inaehanŭn chidoja
|align=center|Ch'inaehanŭn chidoja
|align=center|Dear Leader
|align=center|Dear Leader
|This title was the most common title during Kim Il-sung's rule.
|This title was the most common title during Kim Il Sung's rule.
|<ref name="sahwe"/>
|<ref name="sahwe"/>
|-
|-
Line 164: Line 208:
|align=center| Widaehan ryŏngdoja
|align=center| Widaehan ryŏngdoja
|align=center|Great Leader
|align=center|Great Leader
|The most common of current Kim Jong-il's titles.
|The most common of current Kim Jong Il's titles.
|<ref name="sahwe"/>
|<ref name="sahwe"/>
|-
|-
Line 190: Line 234:
|align=center|Hyŏngmyŏngmuryŏgŭi suwi
|align=center|Hyŏngmyŏngmuryŏgŭi suwi
|align=center|Leader of the Revolutionary Armed Forces
|align=center|Leader of the Revolutionary Armed Forces
|rowspan=6|In use since December 21, 1991, when Kim Jong-il became Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army.
|rowspan=6|In use since December 21, 1991, when Kim Jong Il became Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army.
|rowspan=6|<ref name="sahwe"/>
|rowspan=6|<ref name="sahwe"/>
|-
|-
Line 216: Line 260:
|align=center|Suryŏng
|align=center|Suryŏng
|align=center|Leader
|align=center|Leader
|Became common after Kim Il-sung's death.
|Became common after Kim Il Sung's death.
|<ref name="sahwe"/>
|<ref name="sahwe"/>
|-
|-
Line 242: Line 286:
|align=center|widaehan Suryŏng
|align=center|widaehan Suryŏng
|align=center|Great Leader
|align=center|Great Leader
|rowspan=2|When Kim Il-sung was alive, this title was used only to refer to him.
|rowspan=2|When Kim Il Sung was alive, this title was used only to refer to him.
|rowspan=2|<ref name="sahwe"/>
|rowspan=2|<ref name="sahwe"/>
|-
|-
Line 252: Line 296:
|align=center|Paekchŏnbaeksŭngŭi kangch'ŏrŭi ryŏngjang
|align=center|Paekchŏnbaeksŭngŭi kangch'ŏrŭi ryŏngjang
|align=center|Ever-Victorious, Iron-Willed Commander
|align=center|Ever-Victorious, Iron-Willed Commander
|rowspan=4|In use since 1997 after the 3-year mourning for Kim Il-sung ended.
|rowspan=4|In use since 1997 after the 3-year mourning for Kim Il Sung ended.
|rowspan=4|<ref name="sahwe"/>
|rowspan=4|<ref name="sahwe"/>
|-
|-
Line 384: Line 428:
|
|
|{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}}
|{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}}
|-
⚫
| align="center" |주체조선의 영원한 수령
⚫
| align="center" |''Chuch'ech'osŏnŭi Yŏngwŏnhan Suryŏng''
| align="center" |[[Eternal leaders of North Korea|Eternal Leader of Juche Korea]]
⚫
|Established by a line in the preamble to the [[Constitution of North Korea|Constitution]], as [[Constitutional amendment|amended]] on 30 June 2016.
|
|}
|}


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=== Related ===
=== Related ===


* [[List of Kim Il-sung's titles]]
* [[List of Kim Il Sung's titles]]
*[[List of Kim Jong-un's titles]]
*[[List of Kim Jong Un's titles]]


==References==
==References==
Line 405: Line 455:
{{Kim Jong-il}}
{{Kim Jong-il}}


[[Category:Kim Jong-il]]
[[Category:Kim Jong Il]]
[[Category:Lists of titles by person|Kim Jong-il]]
[[Category:Lists of titles by person of North Korea|Kim Jong-il]]
[[Category:Propaganda in North Korea]]
[[Category:Propaganda in North Korea]]
[[Category:North Korea-related lists|Titles, Kim Jong-il]]

Latest revision as of 00:18, 7 August 2024

Kim Jong Il, the former leader of North Korea, received numerous titles during his rule. Despite his death in 2011, he is currently the Eternal Chairman of the National Defense Commission of the Republic.

Usage of North Korean media

[edit]

When he is mentioned in North Korean media and publications, he is most commonly referred to as "Great Leader Comrade Kim Jong Il" (위대한 령도자 김정일동지) or "General" (장군님).

Like his father and son, when his name is written, it is always emphasised by a special bold font or in a larger font size, for example: "The great leader Comrade Kim Jong Il provides on-the-spot guidance to the Ragwon Machine Complex." or "The great leader Comrade Kim Jong Il provides on-the-spot guidance to the Ragwon Machine Complex."[1][2]

List of official titles and offices

[edit]

Official titles

[edit]
Chosŏn'gŭl (Hancha) DPRK McCune–Reischauer Englisch Kommentar References
조선로동당의 영원한 총비서 Yŏngwŏnhan Tang Chongpisŏ Eternal General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea Appointed at the 4th Conference of the Workers' Party of Korea on 11 April 2012. [3]
공화국의 영원한 국방위원회 위원장 Gonghwagukŭi Yŏngwŏnhan Gugbangviwonhui Viwonchang Eternal Chairman of the National Defense Commission Appointed at the 5th Meeting of the 12th Supreme People's Assembly on 13 April 2012. [4]
조선민주주의인민공화국 대원수 Chosŏnminjujuŭiinmin'gonghwaguk Taewŏnsu Generalissimo of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea Posthumously promoted on 14 February 2012. [5]

Held offices and titles

[edit]
Chosŏn'gŭl (Hancha) DPRK McCune–Reischauer Englisch Tenure Kommentar References
Party
조선로동당 중앙위원회 위원 Member of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea October 1972 – 17 December 2011 Elected at the 5th Plenary Meeting of the 5th Party Central Committee. [5]
조선로동당 중앙위원회 비서 Secretary of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea September 1973 – 8 October 1997 Elected at the 7th Plenary Meeting of the 5th Party Central Committee, re-elected at the 6th Congress of the WPK. [5]
조선로동당 중앙위원회 정치위원회 위원 Member of the Political Committee of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea February 1974 – October 1980 Elected at the 8th Plenary Meeting of the 5th Party Central Committee. [5]
조선로동당 중앙위원회 정치국 상무위원회위원 Member of the Presidium of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea October 1980 – 17 December 2011 Elected at the 6th Congress of the WPK, re-elected at the 3rd Conference of the WPK. [5]
조선로동당 중앙위원회 정치국 위원 Member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea October 1980 – 17 December 2011 Elected at the 6th Congress of the WPK, re-elected at the 3rd Conference of the WPK. [5]
조선로동당 중앙군사위원회 위원 Member of the Central Military Commission of the Workers' Party of Korea October 1980 – 17 December 2011 Elected at the 6th Congress of the WPK, re-elected at the 3rd Conference of the WPK. [5]
조선로동당 총비서 Chosŏn Rodongdang Ch'ongbisŏ General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea 8 October 1997 – 17 December 2011 Elected by joint notice between the Central Committee and the Central Military Commission of the WPK, re-elected at the 3rd Conference of the WPK. [5]
조선로동당 중앙군사위원회 위원장 chosŏllodongdang chunganggunsawiwŏnhoe wiwŏnjang Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Workers' Party of Korea 8 October 1997 – 17 December 2011
State
조선민주주의인민공화국 최고인민회의 대의원 Deputy to the Supreme Peoples' Assembly of the DPRK February 1982 – 17 December 2011 Elected to the 7th to 12th Supreme Peoples' Assembly. [5]
조선민주주의인민공화국 국방위원회 제1부위원장 First-vice-chairman of the National Defence Commission of the DPRK 23 May 1990 – 9 April 1993 Elected at the 1st session of the 9th Supreme People's Assembly. [6]
조선민주주의인민공화국 국방위원회 위원장 Chosŏnminjujuŭiinmin'gonghwaguk Kukpangwiwŏnhoe Wiwŏnjang Chairman of the National Defence Commission of the DPRK 9 April 1993 – 17 December 2011 Elected at the 5th Session of the 9th Supreme People's Assembly, re-elected at the 1st meetings of the 10th to 12th Supreme Peoples' Assembly. [6]
Army
조선인민군 최고사령관 Chosŏninmin-gun Ch'oegosaryŏnggwan Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army 24 December 1991 – 17 December 2011 [7]
조선민주주의인민공화국 원수 Chosŏnminjujuŭiinmin'gonghwaguk Wŏnsu Marshal of the DPRK April 1992 – 14 February 2012 [5]

List of propagated titles

[edit]
Chosŏn'gŭl (Hancha) DPRK McCune–Reischauer Englisch Kommentar References
당중앙
(黨中央) 		Tangjungang Party Centre/Center of the Party The first of Kim Jong Il's titles. Has been in use since 1973 after Kim was secretly appointed as his father's successor and until it was officially announced in order to mention Kim Jong Il in press without calling him by name. [8]
웃분 Utpun Superior Person The title has been in use since the middle of the 1970s. [8]
친애하는 지도자
(親愛하는 指導者) 		Ch'inaehanŭn chidoja Dear Leader This title was the most common title during Kim Il Sung's rule. [8]
존경하는 지도자
(尊敬하는 指導者) 		Chon'gyŏnghanŭn chidoja Respected Leader The title has been in use since the middle of the 1970s. [8]
현명한 지도자
(賢明한 指導者) 		Hyŏnmyŏnghan chidoja Wise Leader
영명하신 지도자
(英明하신 指導者) 		Yŏngmyŏnghasin chidoja Brilliant Leader
유일한 지도자
(唯一한 指導者) 		Yuilhan chidoja Unique Leader The title has been in use since June 1975. [8]
령도자가 갖추어야 할 풍모를 완벽하게 지닌 친애하는 지도자
(領導者가 갖추어야 할 風貌를 完璧하게 지닌 親愛하는 指導者) 		Ryŏngdojaga katch'uŏya hal p'ungmorŭl wanbyŏk'age chinin ch'inaehanŭn chidoja Dear Leader, Who is a Perfect Incarnation of the Appearance that a Leader Should Have In use since the mid-1980s on special occasions. [8]
최고사령관
(最高司令官) 		Choegosaryŏnggwan Supreme Commander First mentioned in the middle of the 1980s before Kim was officially appointed as Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army. [8]
위대한 령도자
(偉大한 領導者) 		Widaehan ryŏngdoja Great Leader The most common of current Kim Jong Il's titles. [8]
인민의 어버이
(人民의 어버이) 		Inminŭi ŏbŏi Father of the People In use since February 1986. [8]
공산주의 미래의 태양
(共産主義 未來의 太陽) 		Kongsanjuŭi miraeŭi t'aeyang Sun of the Communist Future In use since the middle of the 1980s. [8]
백두광명성
(百頭光明星) 		Paektugwangmyŏngsŏng Shining Star of Paektu Mountain
향도의 해발
(嚮導의 해발) 		Hyangdoŭi haepal Guiding Sun Ray
혁명무력의 수위
(革命武力의 首位) 		Hyŏngmyŏngmuryŏgŭi suwi Leader of the Revolutionary Armed Forces In use since December 21, 1991, when Kim Jong Il became Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army. [8]
조국통일의 구성
(祖國統一의 構成) 		Choguk t'ongirŭi kusŏng Guarantee of the Fatherland's Unification
조국 통일의 상징
(祖國 統一의 象徵) 		Choguk t'ongirŭi sangjing Symbol of the Fatherland's Unification
민족의 운명
(民族의 命運) 		Minjokŭi Unmyŏng Fate of the Nation
자애로운 아버지
(慈愛로운 아버지) 		Chaaeroun Abŏji Beloved Father
당과 국가와 군대의 수위
(黨과 國家와 軍隊의 首位) 		Tanggwa kukkawa kundaeŭi suwi Leader of the Party, the country, and the Army
수령
(首領) 		Suryŏng Leader Became common after Kim Il Sung's death. [8]
장군
(將軍) 		Changgun Allgemein One of the most common titles. In use since 1994. [8]
우리당과 우리 인민의 위대한 령도자
(우리黨과 우리 人民의 偉大한 領導者) 		Uridanggwa uri inminŭi widaehan ryŏngdoja Great Leader of our Party and of our Nation In use since 1994. [8]
위대한 장군님
(偉大한 將軍님) 		widaehan changgunnim Beloved Great General
경애하는 장군님
(敬愛하는 將軍님) 		Kyŏngaehanŭn changgunnim Beloved and Respected General
위대한 수령
(偉大한 首領) 		widaehan Suryŏng Great Leader When Kim Il Sung was alive, this title was used only to refer to him. [8]
경애하는 수령
(敬愛하는 首領) 		Kyŏngaehanŭn Suryŏng Beloved and Respected Leader
백전백승의 강철의 령장
(百戰百勝의 鋼鐵의 靈將) 		Paekchŏnbaeksŭngŭi kangch'ŏrŭi ryŏngjang Ever-Victorious, Iron-Willed Commander In use since 1997 after the 3-year mourning for Kim Il Sung ended. [8]
사회주의 태양
(社會主義 太陽) 		Sahoejuŭi T'aeyang Sun of Socialism
민족의 태양
(民族의 太陽) 		Minjokŭi T'aeyang Sun of the Nation
삶의 태양
(삶의 太陽) 		Salmŭi T'aeyang The Great Sun of Life
민족의 위대한 태양
(民族의 偉大한 太陽) 		Minjokŭi widaehan T'aeyang Great Sun of The Nation In use since 1999 after the new DPRK constitution was accepted in 1998. [8]
민족의 어버이
(民族의 어버이) 		Minjokŭi ŎbŎi Father of the Nation
21세기의 세계 수령
(21世紀의 世界 首領) 		Ishipilsekiŭi Sege Suryŏng World Leader of The 21st Century In use since 2000. [8]
불세출의 령도자
(不世出의 領導者) 		Pulsech'urŭi ryŏngdoja Peerless Leader
21세기 찬란한 태양
(21世紀 燦爛한 太陽) 		Ishipilsegi ch'allanhan t'aeyang Bright Sun of the 21st Century
21세기 위대한 태양
(21世紀 偉大한 太陽) 		Ishipilsegi widaehan t'aeyang Great Sun of the 21st Century
21세기 향도자
(21世紀 嚮導者) 		Ishipilseki Hyangdoja Leader of the 21st Century
희세의 정치가
(稀世의 政治家) 		Hŭiseŭi chŏngch'iga Amazing Politician
천출위인
(天出偉人) 		Ch'ŏnch'urwiin Great Man, Who Descended From Heaven
천출명장
(天出明將) 		Ch'ŏnch'ulmyŏngjang Glorious General, Who Descended From Heaven
민족의 최고영수
(民族의 最高領袖) 		Minjokŭi ch'oegoyŏngsu Supreme Leader of the Nation
주체의 찬란한 태양
(主體의 燦爛한 太陽) 		Chuch'eŭi ch'allanhan t'aeyang Bright Sun of Juche
당과 인민의 수령
(黨과 人民의 首領) 		Tanggwa Inminŭi Suryŏng Leader of the Party and the People [citation needed]
위대한 원수님
(偉大한 元帥님) 		widaehan Wŏsunim Great Marshal [citation needed]
무적필승의 장군
(無敵必勝의 將軍) 		Mujŏkp'ilsŭngŭi changgun Invincible and Triumphant General [citation needed]
경애하는 아버지
(敬愛하는 아버지) 		Kyŏngaehanŭn Abŏji Dear Father [citation needed]
21세기의 향도성
(21世紀의 嚮導星) 		Ishipilsegiŭi Hyangdosŏng Guiding Star of the 21st Century [citation needed]
실천가형의 위인
(實踐家型의 偉人) 		Silchŏngahyŏngŭi wiin Great Man, Who Is a Man of Deeds [citation needed]
위대한 수호자
(偉大한 守護者) 		widaehan Suhoja Great Defender [citation needed]
구원자
(救援者) 		Kuwŏnja Saviour [citation needed]
혁명의 수뇌부
(革命의 首腦部) 		Hyŏnmyŏngŭi Sunoepu Mastermind of the Revolution [citation needed]
혁명적 동지애의 최고화신
(革命的 同志愛의 最高化身) 		Hyŏnmyŏngjŏk Tongjiaeŭi Choegohwasin Highest Incarnation of the Revolutionary Comradeship [citation needed]
각하
(閣下) 		Kakha His Excellency [citation needed]
주체조선의 영원한 수령 Chuch'ech'osŏnŭi Yŏngwŏnhan Suryŏng Eternal Leader of Juche Korea Established by a line in the preamble to the Constitution, as amended on 30 June 2016.

See also

[edit]

Held titles

[edit]
[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Martyn Williams (July 20, 2011). "Coding the Kims". North Korea Tech. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  2. ^ "55-year-long History of Development of Foreign Trade". Foreign trade. March 2005. Archived from the original on 2005-11-19. Retrieved 2010-01-05. Article from North Korean magazine.
  3. ^ Gambino, Lauren (11 April 2012). "Kim Jong-il made General Secretary for Eternity at North Korea ceremony". ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  4. ^ "공화국의 영원한 국방위원회 위원장이신 김정일동지". Uri Minzokkiri. Archived from the original on 2022-12-15. Retrieved 2021-03-30.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "략력". Our Nation School.
  6. ^ a b 윤일건 (2012년 4월 13일). “北, 김정은 국방위 제1위원장 신설추대(종합)”. 《연합뉴스》. 2018년 8월 21일에 확인함.
  7. ^ "조선인민군 최고사령관 김정은동지께서 조선인민군 제２６４대련합부대 지휘부를 시찰하시였다".
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r 전, 영선 (2006). 다시 고쳐 쓴 북한의 사회와 문화 [A New View of North Korean Society and Culture]. 역락. ISBN 89-5556-491-0.
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