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{{Short description|Australian painter}} |
{{Short description|Australian painter (1867–1943)}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}} |
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{{Use Australian English|date=June 2018}} |
{{Use Australian English|date=June 2018}} |
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| name = Arthur Ernest Streeton |
| name = Arthur Ernest Streeton |
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| image = Tom Roberts - Smike Streeton age 24 - Google Art Project.jpg |
| image = Tom Roberts - Smike Streeton age 24 - Google Art Project.jpg |
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| caption = Portrait of Streeton by [[Tom Roberts]], 1891 |
| caption = Portrait of Streeton by [[Tom Roberts]], 1891 |
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| birth_name = Arthur Ernest Streeton |
| birth_name = Arthur Ernest Streeton |
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| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1867|4|8}} |
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1867|4|8}} |
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| birth_place = [[Mount Duneed, Victoria|Mount Duneed]], [[ |
| birth_place = [[Mount Duneed, Victoria|Mount Duneed]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], Australia |
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| spouse = [[Nora Clench]] |
| spouse = [[Nora Clench]] |
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| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1943|9|1|1867|4|8}} |
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1943|9|1|1867|4|8}} |
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| death_place = [[Olinda, Victoria|Olinda]], |
| death_place = [[Olinda, Victoria|Olinda]], Victoria, Australia |
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| nationality = [[Australian people|Australian]] |
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| training = |
| training = |
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| movement = [[Heidelberg School]] |
| movement = [[Heidelberg School]] |
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}} |
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'''Sir Arthur Ernest Streeton''' (8 April 1867 – 1 September 1943) was an |
'''Sir Arthur Ernest Streeton''' (8 April 1867 – 1 September 1943) was an Australian [[Landscape art|landscape]] painter and a leading member of the [[Heidelberg School]], also known as [[Australian Impressionism]]. |
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==Early life== |
==Early life== |
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Streeton was born in [[County of Grant, Victoria| |
Streeton was born in [[County of Grant, Victoria|Mount Moriac, Victoria]], south-west of [[Geelong]],<ref>{{cite web | url=https://my.rio.bdm.vic.gov.au/efamily-history/6644b28368d03925b3118b75/results?q=efamily | title=Births deaths and marriages Victoria }}</ref> on 8 April 1867, the fourth child of Charles Henry and Mary (née Johnson) Streeton. His family moved to the [[Melbourne]] suburb of [[Richmond, Victoria|Richmond]] in 1874.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://monumentaustralia.org.au/themes/people/arts/display/32771-sir-arthur-streeton|title=Sir Arthur Streeton | Monument Australia}}</ref> His parents were English migrants who had met on their voyage to Australia in 1854.<ref name=":0">[http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A120137b.htm "Streeton, Sir Arthur Ernest (1867–1943),"] ''Australian Dictionary of Biography Online''</ref> In 1882, Streeton commenced art studies with [[George Folingsby]] at the [[National Gallery School]].<ref name="reid16">Reid, John B. (1977). ''Australian Artists at War: Compiled from the Australian War Memorial Collection.'' Volume 1, p. 16.</ref> |
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In 1885, Streeton exhibited works for the first time with the [[Victorian Artists Society|Victorian Academy of Art]]. He found employment as an apprentice lithographer under [[Charles Troedel]].<ref name="galbally">Galbally, Ann E. Galbally. (1990). [http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A120137b.htm "Streeton, Sir Arthur Ernest (1867–1943),"] ''[[Australian Dictionary of Biography Online]]''</ref> |
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==Career== |
==Career== |
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[[File:Arthur Streeton Princes Bridge.jpg|thumb|left|''Princes Bridge'', 1888, private collection]] |
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During the summer of 1886–87, Streeton, aged nineteen, first befriended [[Tom Roberts]] and [[Frederick McCubbin]] while painting ''en plein air'' at [[Mentone Beach]]. The pair greatly admired Streeton's work and invited him to join them at artists' camps they had established in both Mentone and [[Box Hill artists' camp|Box Hill]]. They were later joined by [[Charles Conder]], beginning a two-year period of close creative companionship, and forming the core group of what became known as the [[Heidelberg School]] movement, later also called Australian impressionism. Streeton's work rapidly improved during this period, and by 1888 he was widely considered one of Victoria's most gifted young painters. |
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[[File:Roberts Streeton.jpg|thumb|Streeton (standing) with Roberts in [[Grosvenor Chambers]]]] |
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⚫ | Streeton was exhibiting and perhaps painting in the studio of his friend Roberts at [[Grosvenor Chambers]], [[Collins Street, Melbourne|Collins Street]] by May 1888.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Melbourne Gossip |journal=The Western Australian |date=16 May 1888 |page=3 |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/3118472?searchTerm=Mccubbin%20“grosvenor%20chambers” |access-date=12 February 2021}}</ref> |
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===Eaglemont camp, Heidelberg=== |
===Eaglemont camp, Heidelberg=== |
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{{See also|Eaglemont, Victoria|Heidelberg, Victoria}} |
{{See also|Eaglemont, Victoria|Heidelberg, Victoria}} |
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⚫ | In the [[Drought in Australia|summer drought]] of 1888, Streeton travelled by train to the attractive agricultural and grazing suburb of [[Heidelberg, Victoria|Heidelberg]], 11 km north-east of Melbourne's city centre. He intended to walk the remaining distance to the site where [[Louis Buvelot]] painted his 1866 work ''Summer afternoon near Templestowe'',<ref>[http://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/col/work/4461 NGV Collection > Summer afternoon, Templstowe], ngv.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 23 October 2011.</ref> which Streeton considered "the first fine landscape painted in Victoria".<ref name="eaglemont">Streeton, Arthur (16 October 1934). [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10963000 "Eaglemont in the Eighties: Beginnings of Art in Australia"]. ''[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]]''.</ref> On the return journey to Heidelberg, wet canvas in hand, Streeton met Charles Davies, brother-in-law of friend and fellow ''plein air'' painter [[David Davies (artist)|David Davies]]. Charles gave him "artistic possession" of an abandoned homestead atop the summit of [[Eaglemont#History|Mount Eagle estate]], offering spectacular views across the [[Yarra Valley]] to the [[Dandenongs]].<ref name="eaglemont2">{{cite book |last=Lane | first=Terrace |editor-first=Terrace| editor-last=Lane |title=Australian Impressionism |publisher=National Gallery of Victoria |year=2007 |pages=123–127 |chapter=Chapter 8: Painting on the Hill of Gold: Heidelberg 1888–90 |isbn=978-0724102815}}</ref> For Streeton, [[Eaglemont]] (as it became known) was the ideal working environment—a reasonably isolated rural location accessible by public transport. The house itself could be seen by visitors as they arrived at [[Heidelberg railway station]]. |
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{{Multiple image |
{{Multiple image |
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| caption1 = ''[[Golden Summer, Eaglemont]]'', 1889, [[National Gallery of Australia]] |
| caption1 = ''[[Golden Summer, Eaglemont]]'', 1889, [[National Gallery of Australia]] |
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| image2 = Arthur Streeton - 'Still glides the stream, and shall for ever glide', 1890.jpg |
| image2 = Arthur Streeton - 'Still glides the stream, and shall for ever glide', 1890.jpg |
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| caption2 = '' |
| caption2 = ''{{'}}Still glides the stream, and shall for ever glide{{'}}'', 1890, [[Art Gallery of New South Wales]] |
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| image3 = Arthur Streeton Spring 1890.jpg |
| image3 = Arthur Streeton Spring 1890.jpg |
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| caption3 = ''Spring'', 1890, [[National Gallery of Victoria]] |
| caption3 = ''Spring'', 1890, [[National Gallery of Victoria]] |
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}} |
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⚫ | In the [[ |
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Streeton spent the first few nights at Eaglemont alone with the estate's tenant farmer Jack Whelan (who appears in Streeton's "pioneer" painting ''The selector's hut (Whelan on the log)'', 1890<ref>[http://artsearch.nga.gov.au/Detail.cfm?IRN=46752 STREETON, Arthur | The selector's hut (Whelan on the log)], nga.gov.au. Retrieved 23 October 2011.</ref>), and slept upon the floor, the rooms being bare of furniture. Of his first few nights at the house, Streeton said it was "creaking and ghostly. A long dark corridor seemed full of past visions, and out of doors a blurred rich blackness against the sharp brilliance of the [[Southern Cross]] ... But tobacco and wine weighed healthily against the darkness".<ref name="eaglemont"/> He descended the hill daily to Heidelberg village for meals before jaunting into the bush with a [[billycan]] of milk and [[swag (bedroll)|swag]] of paints and canvases. The first artists to paint with Streeton at Eaglemont were the National Gallery students Aby Altson and [[John Llewellyn Jones]], followed by [[John Mather (artist)|John Mather]] and [[Walter Withers]]. Like Streeton, Withers painted from nature amidst suburban bush around Melbourne, employing earthy colours with loose, impressionistic brushstrokes. By the end of 1888, he became a weekend visitor to the camp.<ref>[[William Moore (critic)|Moore, William]]. ''The Story of Australian Art: From the Earliest Known Art of the Continent to the Art of To-day''. Sydney: [[Angus & Robertson]], 1934. {{ISBN|020714284X}}, p. 76</ref> |
Streeton spent the first few nights at Eaglemont alone with the estate's tenant farmer Jack Whelan (who appears in Streeton's "pioneer" painting ''The selector's hut (Whelan on the log)'', 1890<ref>[http://artsearch.nga.gov.au/Detail.cfm?IRN=46752 STREETON, Arthur | The selector's hut (Whelan on the log)], nga.gov.au. Retrieved 23 October 2011.</ref>), and slept upon the floor, the rooms being bare of furniture. Of his first few nights at the house, Streeton said it was "creaking and ghostly. A long dark corridor seemed full of past visions, and out of doors a blurred rich blackness against the sharp brilliance of the [[Southern Cross]] ... But tobacco and wine weighed healthily against the darkness".<ref name="eaglemont"/> He descended the hill daily to Heidelberg village for meals before jaunting into the bush with a [[billycan]] of milk and [[swag (bedroll)|swag]] of paints and canvases. The first artists to paint with Streeton at Eaglemont were the National Gallery students Aby Altson and [[John Llewellyn Jones]], followed by [[John Mather (artist)|John Mather]] and [[Walter Withers]]. Like Streeton, Withers painted from nature amidst suburban bush around Melbourne, employing earthy colours with loose, impressionistic brushstrokes. By the end of 1888, he became a weekend visitor to the camp.<ref>[[William Moore (critic)|Moore, William]]. ''The Story of Australian Art: From the Earliest Known Art of the Continent to the Art of To-day''. Sydney: [[Angus & Robertson]], 1934. {{ISBN|020714284X}}, p. 76</ref> |
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⚫ | About the same time, Streeton met the artist [[Charles Conder]], who travelled down from Sydney in October 1888 at the invitation of [[Tom Roberts]]. One year Streeton's junior, Conder was already a committed ''plein airist'', having been influenced by the painterly techniques of expatriate impressionist [[Girolamo Nerli]]. Conder and Roberts joined Streeton at Eaglemont in January 1889 and helped make some modest improvements to the house. Despite austere living conditions, Streeton felt content: "Surrounded by the loveliness of the new landscape, with heat, drought, and flies, and hard pressed for the necessaries of life, we worked hard, and were a happy trio."<ref name="eaglemont"/> Streeton and Conder quickly became friends and influenced one another's art. Their shared love of [[South Australia]]n poet [[Adam Lindsay Gordon]]'s lyrical verse is revealed in the titles of some of their Eaglemont paintings, including Streeton's romantic [[Twilight|gloaming]] work ''{{'}}Above us the great grave sky{{'}}'' (1890, taken from Gordon's poem "Doubtful Dreams"<ref>[http://artsearch.nga.gov.au/Detail.cfm?IRN=109023 STREETON, Arthur | 'Above us the great grave sky'], nga.gov.au. Retrieved 8 November 2011.</ref>). Later, critics would describe some of the pair's Eaglemont paintings as companion pieces, as both artists often painted the same views and subjects using a high-keyed "gold and blue" palette, which Streeton considered "nature's scheme of colour in Australia".{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} |
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⚫ | Streeton was exhibiting and perhaps painting in the studio of his friend |
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⚫ | Two of Streeton's best-known works were painted during this period—''[[Golden Summer, Eaglemont]]'' (1889) and ''{{'}}Still glides the stream, and shall for ever glide{{'}}'' (1890)—each a sunlit pastoral scene of golden-paddocked plains stretching to the distant blue [[Corhanwarrabul]]. In 1891, [[Arthur Merric Boyd|Arthur Merric]] and [[Emma Minnie Boyd|Emma Minnie]] of the [[Boyd family|Boyd artistic dynasty]] took ''Golden Summer, Eaglemont'' to Europe where it became the first painting by an Australian-born artist to be exhibited at the [[Royal Academy]], London, and was awarded a ''Mention honourable'' at the 1892 [[Paris Salon]]. |
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⚫ | About the same time, Streeton met the artist [[Charles Conder]], who travelled down from |
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===Sydney and travels inland=== |
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⚫ | Two of Streeton's best-known works were painted during this period—''[[Golden Summer, Eaglemont]]'' (1889) and '' |
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[[File:Arthur Streeton circa 1896.jpg|thumb|left|Streeton painting ''en plein air'' at Curlew Camp, Sydney Harbour]] |
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===Social activist=== |
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{{Tall image|Streeton Sirius Cove 1895.jpg|150|350|alt=|In Sydney, Streeton produced many paintings with extreme horizontal or vertical orientations (Pictured: ''Sirius Cove'', 1895).|right}} |
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In 1893 Streeton wrote in Sydney's ''Daily Telegraph'' criticizing a proposed development on the shores of Sydney Harbor to establish a colliery which would involve the cutting down of a great many gum trees by a mining company. His letter, which came to be known as "Streeton's shriek" resulted in public alarm and a cessation of the project. However, Streeton in other letters to Sydney papers revealed that, apart from his environmental concerns, he also held deeply racist views. He expressed particular concern about "Indian" rural hawkers which generally referred to immigrants of Punjabi, Syrian and Assyrian descent. He expressed fear that they were a particular threat to women of British or Irish origin living home alone and his writings revealed he held views at the extreme end of prejudice , writing of the hawkers "An effective way of dealing with the unclean devils would be to shoot them down like dogs wherever they are sufficiently offensive" <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.themonthly.com.au/issue/2020/december/1606741200/tim-bonyhady/streeton-s-shriek|title="Streeton's shriek" by Tim Bonyhady, ''The Monthly' 'December 2020-January 2021|date=December 2020|access-date=28 March 2021}}</ref> |
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On 2 June 1890, in the wake of an economic depression in Melbourne, Strreeton sailed to Sydney, and initially stayed there with his sister in the suburb of Summer Hill.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artistsfootsteps.com/html/Streeton_biography.htm|title=The Artists {{!}} Arthur Streeton - Biography |website=www.artistsfootsteps.com}}</ref> He soon relocated to [[Curlew Camp]], a ''plein air'' artists' camp on Sydney Harbour, where he painted many views of his natural surroundings and was visited by a number of artists, including [[Julian Ashton]] and [[Albert Henry Fullwood]], who stayed at the camp for extended periods. [[Tom Roberts]] later joined him also, continuing their artistic friendship. From 1891, Streeton began travelling widely in rural New South Wales. As well as painting scenes of Sydney Harbour and Coogee, and urban scenes of Sydney, it was during the early to mid-1890s that he painted some of his major rural landscapes, including the ''[[The purple noon's transparent might|Hawkesbury River]]'' series and [[Fire's on|'<nowiki/>''Fire's on''']].<ref name=":0" /> |
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Sydney Harbour inspired many of Streeton's most poetic Symbolist paintings, a number of which infuse the Australian landscape with mythological subjects. The city also spurred his interest in the decorative arts as he painted on fans, furniture, musical instruments and other objects. The influence of Japanese art, such as ''[[kakemono]]'' (hung scrolls), is evidenced in the extreme vertical formats and compositional elements he favoured around this time. |
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In 1893, Streeton wrote in Sydney's ''Daily Telegraph'' criticising a proposal by a mining company to develop a colliery on the shores of Sydney Harbor, which would necessitate the cutting down of a great many gum trees. His letter, which came to be known as "Streeton's shriek", read in part: |
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{{quote|It seems likely that charming Cremorne is to pass away and leave a dismal eyesore ... Where once was youth with their sweethearts in white muslin gathered joyfully for merriment and sport, making Cremorne a happy pastoral, we would have instead a numerous fleet of grimy coal ships, hulks, smoke and darkness.}} |
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The letter helped raise public alarm over the proposal, and in 1895, Streeton painted ''Cremorne pastoral'', his largest harbour composition, as "an elegiac image of what [he] believed would be lost" if the project went head. When it went on exhibition later that year, the Art Gallery of New South Wales acquired the work and publicly endorsed Streeton's protests. The government, in the face of mounting backlash, was forced to abandon the mining project.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.themonthly.com.au/issue/2020/december/1606741200/tim-bonyhady/streeton-s-shriek|title=Streeton's shriek |first=Tim |last=Bonyhady |website=The Monthly |date=December 2020|access-date=28 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=1893-12-09|title=PICTURESQUE SYDNEY AND THE COAL BORE.|work=Daily Telegraph|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236132801|access-date=2021-11-06}}</ref> ''Cremorne pastoral'''s status as an environmental protest painting is considered groundbreaking in Australian art history.<ref>[https://www.theaustralian.com.au/subscribe/news/1/?sourceCode=TAWEB_WRE170_a_GGL&dest=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theaustralian.com.au%2Farts%2Fimpressionist-arthur-streeton-landscape-discoveries-at-agnsw%2Fnews-story%2F761eee683ad4d5e4edf54587c842f0d6&memtype=anonymous&mode=premium&v21=HIGH-Segment-2-SCORE&V21spcbehaviour=appendend "Arthur Streeton’s green protest"], ''The Australian''.</ref> |
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File:Arthur Streeton McMahon's Point Ferry 1890.jpg|''McMahon's Point Ferry'', 1890, private collection |
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File:Arthur Streeton - Fire's on - Google Art Project.jpg|''[[Fire's on]]'', 1891, Art Gallery of New South Wales |
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File:Arthur Streeton Oblivion.jpeg|''Oblivion'', 1892, private collection |
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File:Arthur Streeton - Cremorne pastoral - Google Art Project.jpg|''Cremorne pastoral'', 1895, Art Gallery of New South Wales |
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</gallery> |
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In 1897 Streeton sailed for London on the ''Polynesian'', stopping at [[Port Said]] before continuing on via Cairo and [[Naples]]. He held an exhibition at the [[Royal Academy]] in 1900 and became a member of the [[Chelsea Arts Club]] in 1903. Although he had developed a considerable reputation in Australia, he failed to achieve the same success in England. His trips to London were financed by the sales of his paintings at home in Australia. |
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⚫ | His time in England reinforced a strong sense of patriotism towards the [[British Empire]] and, like many, anticipated the [[World War I|coming war with Germany]] with some enthusiasm. In 1906, Streeton returned to Australia and completed some paintings at [[Mount Macedon]] in February 1907 while staying with his patrons the Pinschofs at Hohe Warte.<ref>Smith & Singer. View from Mt Toorong (Study for Australia Felix) https://auctions.smithandsinger.com.au/lots/view/1-2DWAYU/view-from-mt-toorong-study-for-australia-felix-1907</ref> These included the notable five feet by three feet Australia Felix (a view from Mt. Toorong) and a number of other smaller paintings. He returned to London in October. Paintings done in Venice in September 1908, including ''[[The Grand Canal (Streeton)|The Grand Canal]]'', were exhibited in Australia in July 1909 as "Arthur Streeton's Venice". In Australia again in April 1914 he held exhibitions in Sydney and Melbourne and went back to England in early 1915. |
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===War artist=== |
===War artist=== |
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[[File:Arthur Streeton |
[[File:Arthur Streeton and family.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Studio portrait of Lieutenant Streeton, official war artist, with his son Charles and wife [[Nora Clench]], 1918]] |
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Along with other members of the [[Chelsea Arts Club]], including [[Tom Roberts]], he joined the [[Royal Army Medical Corps]] ([[British Army]]) at the age of 48. He worked at the 3rd London General Hospital in [[Wandsworth]] and reached the rank of [[corporal]]. |
Along with other members of the [[Chelsea Arts Club]], including [[Tom Roberts]], he joined the [[Royal Army Medical Corps]] ([[British Army]]) at the age of 48. He worked at the 3rd London General Hospital in [[Wandsworth]] and reached the rank of [[corporal]]. |
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[[File: |
[[File:Arthur Streeton Balloons on Fire.jpg|thumb|''Balloons on fire'', painted in [[Glisy]], France, 1918]] |
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Streeton was made an Australian Official War Artist with the [[First Australian Imperial Force|Australian Imperial Force]], holding the rank of Honorary Lieutenant, and he travelled to France on 14 May 1918 and was attached to the [[2nd Division (Australia)|2nd Division]], receiving his movement order on 8 May 1918. He worked in France, with a break in August, until October 1918.<ref>Galbally (1979) p.67.</ref><ref>[[Australian War Memorial]] (AWM), [http://www.awm.gov.au/people/8350.asp First World War, Arthur Streeton.]</ref> Expected by the Commonwealth to produce sketches and drawings that were "descriptive", Streeton concentrated on the landscape of the scenes of war and did not attempt to convey the human suffering. Unlike the more famous [[military art]] depicting the definitive moments of battle, Streeton produced "military still life", capturing the everyday moments of the war. Streeton explained what was at that time an unconventional point of view – a perspective which was based in experience: |
Streeton was made an Australian Official War Artist with the [[First Australian Imperial Force|Australian Imperial Force]],<ref>'Camofleur', [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article242664776 "Musketeers of Brush and Pencil with the A.I.F.: Art Under Fire: The Battlefield as Studio"], ''The (Melbourne) Herald'', (1 February 1919), p. 4.</ref> holding the rank of Honorary Lieutenant, and he travelled to France on 14 May 1918 and was attached to the [[2nd Division (Australia)|2nd Division]], receiving his movement order on 8 May 1918. He worked in France, with a break in August, until October 1918.<ref>Galbally (1979) p.67.</ref><ref>[[Australian War Memorial]] (AWM), [http://www.awm.gov.au/people/8350.asp First World War, Arthur Streeton.]</ref> Expected by the Commonwealth to produce sketches and drawings that were "descriptive", Streeton concentrated on the landscape of the scenes of war and did not attempt to convey the human suffering. Unlike the more famous [[military art]] depicting the definitive moments of battle, Streeton produced "military still life", capturing the everyday moments of the war. Streeton explained what was at that time an unconventional point of view – a perspective which was based in experience: |
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{{cquote|True pictures of battlefields are very quiet looking things. There's nothing much to be seen, everybody and thing is hidden and camouflaged.}} |
{{cquote|True pictures of battlefields are very quiet looking things. There's nothing much to be seen, everybody and thing is hidden and camouflaged.}} |
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===Later years=== |
===Later years=== |
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After the war, Streeton resumed painting in the [[Grampians National Park|Grampians]] and [[Dandenong Ranges]]. Streeton built a house on five acres (20,000 m |
After the war, Streeton resumed painting in the [[Grampians National Park|Grampians]] and [[Dandenong Ranges]]. Streeton built a house on five acres (20,000 m<sup>2</sup>) at [[Olinda, Victoria|Olinda]] in the Dandenongs where he continued to paint. He won the [[Wynne Prize]] in 1928 with ''Afternoon Light, Goulburn Valley''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au/prizes/wynne/1928/|title=Wynne Prize|year=1928|website=AGNSW prize record|publisher=Art Gallery of New South Wales|access-date=10 May 2016}}</ref> He was an art critic for ''[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]]'' from 1929 to 1935 and in 1937 was [[knight]]ed for services to the arts. He married [[Nora Clench|Esther Leonora Clench]], a Canadian violinist, in 1908. Streeton died in September 1943. He is buried at [[Ferntree Gully, Victoria|Ferntree Gully]] cemetery. |
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==Legacy== |
==Legacy== |
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[[File:Arthur Streeton |
[[File:Sir Arthur Ernest Streeton (1867-1943) 135 (40739707072).jpg|thumb|upright|In 2015, ''[[Blue Pacific (Streeton)|Blue Pacific]]'' (1890) became the second painting by an artist outside Europe to hang in the permanent collection of England's [[National Gallery]].]] |
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Streeton Drive, a main thoroughfare in [[Weston Creek]] is named after Sir Arthur, as is Streeton Primary School, in the Melbourne suburb of [[Yallambie, |
Streeton Drive, a main thoroughfare in [[Weston Creek]] is named after Sir Arthur, as is Streeton Primary School, in the Melbourne suburb of [[Yallambie, Victoria|Yallambie]]. |
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There is also a memorial for Streeton just outside Geelong, Victoria. |
There is also a memorial for Streeton just outside Geelong, Victoria. |
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In 2008, three expatriate Australian classical musicians living in |
In 2008, three expatriate Australian classical musicians living in Geneva, Switzerland founded a [[piano trio]] they named the [[Streeton Trio]] after the painter.<ref>[http://streetontrio.com/styled/index.html Streeton Trio]. Retrieved 18 April 2014</ref> |
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Streeton's works appear in many major Australian galleries and museums, including the [[National Gallery of Australia]] and state galleries, and the [[Australian War Memorial]]. In September 2015, Streeton's Coogee clifftop landscape ''[[Blue Pacific (Streeton)|Blue Pacific]]'' (1890) became the first painting by an Australian artist, and only the second painting by a Western artist outside Europe, to hang in the permanent collection of the [[National Gallery]], London. It sits alongside major impressionist works by [[Claude Monet]] and [[Édouard Manet]].<ref>Boland, Michaela (18 September 2015). [http://www.theaustralian.com.au/arts/visual-arts/arthur-streeton-hanging-out-with-art-toffs-in-uks-national-gallery/news-story/affe7b573780dcd45aa392ff4de9bef1 "Arthur Streeton hanging out with art toffs in UK’s National Gallery"], ''The Australian''. Retrieved 1 March 2016.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = Arthur Streeton's Blue Pacific at the National Gallery in London: mystery owner revealed as Jeff d'Albora|url = http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/art-and-design/arthur-streetons-blue-pacific-at-the-national-gallery-in-london-mystery-owner-revealed-as-jeff-dalbora-20150918-gjpmmy.html|website = The Sydney Morning Herald|access-date = 4 November 2015|date = 18 September 2015|last = Schwartzkoff|first = Louise}}</ref> |
Streeton's works appear in many major Australian galleries and museums, including the [[National Gallery of Australia]] and state galleries, and the [[Australian War Memorial]]. In September 2015, Streeton's Coogee clifftop landscape ''[[Blue Pacific (Streeton)|Blue Pacific]]'' (1890) became the first painting by an Australian artist, and only the second painting by a Western artist outside Europe, to hang in the permanent collection of the [[National Gallery]], London. It sits alongside major impressionist works by [[Claude Monet]] and [[Édouard Manet]].<ref>Boland, Michaela (18 September 2015). [http://www.theaustralian.com.au/arts/visual-arts/arthur-streeton-hanging-out-with-art-toffs-in-uks-national-gallery/news-story/affe7b573780dcd45aa392ff4de9bef1 "Arthur Streeton hanging out with art toffs in UK’s National Gallery"], ''The Australian''. Retrieved 1 March 2016.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = Arthur Streeton's Blue Pacific at the National Gallery in London: mystery owner revealed as Jeff d'Albora|url = http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/art-and-design/arthur-streetons-blue-pacific-at-the-national-gallery-in-london-mystery-owner-revealed-as-jeff-dalbora-20150918-gjpmmy.html|website = The Sydney Morning Herald|access-date = 4 November 2015|date = 18 September 2015|last = Schwartzkoff|first = Louise}}</ref> |
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== Prices == |
== Prices == |
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[[File:The Grand Canal 1908 - Arthur Streeton.jpg|thumb|left|''[[The Grand Canal (Streeton)|The Grand Canal]]'', 1908]] |
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Streeton's paintings are amongst the most collectible of Australian artists and attracted high prices during his lifetime. ''Golden Summer, Eaglemont'' sold for around 1000 [[guineas]] in 1924 and in 1995 it was bought in a private sale by the [[National Gallery of Australia]] for [[Australian dollar|A$]]3.5 million, both times setting a sales record for an Australian painting. In 1985, ''Settler's Camp'' sold at |
Streeton's paintings are amongst the most collectible of Australian artists and attracted high prices during his lifetime. ''Golden Summer, Eaglemont'' sold for around 1000 [[guineas]] in 1924 and in 1995 it was bought in a private sale by the [[National Gallery of Australia]] for [[Australian dollar|A$]]3.5 million, both times setting a sales record for an Australian painting. In 1985, ''Settler's Camp'' sold at auction for A$800,000 and this remained the record auction price for Streeton's work until 23 May 2005, when his 1890 painting, ''Sunlight Sweet, Coogee'', was sold for A$2.04 million (A$1.853 million before tax), becoming only the second painting by an Australian artist to exceed the A$2 million mark at auction (after [[Frederick McCubbin]]'s 1892 work ''Bush Idyll'', which sold for A$2.3 million in 1998). The painting was part of the [[Foster's Group]] collection and was sold at auction by [[Sotheby's]]. That record was eclipsed when, on 21 April 2021, Streeton's ''[[The Grand Canal (Streeton)|The Grand Canal]]'' (1908) was auctioned in [[Melbourne]] for A$3.068 million.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/culture/art-and-design/arthur-streeton-s-grand-canal-sells-for-record-3-million-at-auction-20210421-p57l1y.html|last=O'Brien|first=Kerrie|title=Arthur Streeton's Grand Canal sells for record $3 million at auction|work=Sydney Morning Herald|date=1 April 2021|access-date=21 April 2021}}</ref> |
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==Gallery== |
==Gallery== |
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Arthur Streeton - At Templestowe - Google Art Project.jpg|''At Templestowe'', 1889, Art Gallery of South Australia |
Arthur Streeton - At Templestowe - Google Art Project.jpg|''At Templestowe'', 1889, Art Gallery of South Australia |
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File:Sunlight Sweet Coogee Arthur Streeton.jpg|''Sunlight Sweet, Coogee'', 1890, private collection |
File:Sunlight Sweet Coogee Arthur Streeton.jpg|''Sunlight Sweet, Coogee'', 1890, private collection |
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File:Arthur Streeton |
File:Arthur Streeton Point Wharf 1893.jpg|''The Point Wharf, Mosman Bay'', 1893, National Gallery of Australia |
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File:Arthur Streeton Redfern railway station.jpg|''The Railway Station, Redfern'', 1893, Art Gallery of New South Wales |
File:Arthur Streeton Redfern railway station.jpg|''The Railway Station, Redfern'', 1893, Art Gallery of New South Wales |
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File: |
File:Ariadne 1898 by Arthur Streeton.jpg|''Ariadne'', 1895, National Gallery of Australia |
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File:Arthur Streeton - |
File:Arthur Streeton - Manly Beach (1895).JPG|''Manly Beach'', 1895, Bendigo Art Gallery |
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File:Arthur Streeton - The spirit of the drought - Google Art Project.jpg|''The Spirit of the Drought'', 1895, National Gallery of Australia |
File:Arthur Streeton - The spirit of the drought - Google Art Project.jpg|''The Spirit of the Drought'', 1895, National Gallery of Australia |
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File:Arthur Streeton Purple 1896.jpg|''‘[[The purple noon's transparent might]]’'', 1896, National Gallery of Victoria |
File:Arthur Streeton Purple 1896.jpg|''‘[[The purple noon's transparent might]]’'', 1896, National Gallery of Victoria |
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File:The Path to Podge Newton's.jpg|''The Path to Podge Newton's'', 1895, private collection |
File:The Path to Podge Newton's.jpg|''The Path to Podge Newton's'', 1895, private collection |
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File:Streeton From My Camp 1896.jpg|''From My Camp'', 1896, Art Gallery of New South Wales |
File:Streeton From My Camp 1896.jpg|''From My Camp'', 1896, Art Gallery of New South Wales |
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File:Streeton Sydney 1894 SLNSW FL11149407.jpg|Sydney Harbour, New South Wales, 1894, State Library of New South Wales |
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*[http://www.daao.org.au/main/read/6988 Dictionary of Australian Art, Arthur Streeton] |
*[http://www.daao.org.au/main/read/6988 Dictionary of Australian Art, Arthur Streeton] |
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;Images |
;Images |
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* [http://artabase.net/exhibition/1225-highlights-from-the-university-of-melbourne-art-collection-part-1 The domes of St. Mark's (1908)] |
* [http://artabase.net/exhibition/1225-highlights-from-the-university-of-melbourne-art-collection-part-1 The domes of St. Mark's (1908)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090925184938/http://artabase.net/exhibition/1225-highlights-from-the-university-of-melbourne-art-collection-part-1 |date=25 September 2009 }} |
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Latest revision as of 19:59, 27 August 2024
Arthur Ernest Streeton | |
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Born | Arthur Ernest Streeton 8 April 1867 Mount Duneed, Victoria, Australia |
Died | 1 September 1943 Olinda, Victoria, Australia | (aged 76)
Known for | Painting |
Movement | Heidelberg School |
Spouse | Nora Clench |
Sir Arthur Ernest Streeton (8 April 1867 – 1 September 1943) was an Australian landscape painter and a leading member of the Heidelberg School, also known as Australian Impressionism.
Early life
[edit]Streeton was born in Mount Moriac, Victoria, south-west of Geelong,[1] on 8 April 1867, the fourth child of Charles Henry and Mary (née Johnson) Streeton. His family moved to the Melbourne suburb of Richmond in 1874.[2] His parents were English migrants who had met on their voyage to Australia in 1854.[3] In 1882, Streeton commenced art studies with George Folingsby at the National Gallery School.[4]
In 1885, Streeton exhibited works for the first time with the Victorian Academy of Art. He found employment as an apprentice lithographer under Charles Troedel.[5]
Career
[edit]During the summer of 1886–87, Streeton, aged nineteen, first befriended Tom Roberts and Frederick McCubbin while painting en plein air at Mentone Beach. The pair greatly admired Streeton's work and invited him to join them at artists' camps they had established in both Mentone and Box Hill. They were later joined by Charles Conder, beginning a two-year period of close creative companionship, and forming the core group of what became known as the Heidelberg School movement, later also called Australian impressionism. Streeton's work rapidly improved during this period, and by 1888 he was widely considered one of Victoria's most gifted young painters.
Streeton was exhibiting and perhaps painting in the studio of his friend Roberts at Grosvenor Chambers, Collins Street by May 1888.[6]
Eaglemont camp, Heidelberg
[edit]In the summer drought of 1888, Streeton travelled by train to the attractive agricultural and grazing suburb of Heidelberg, 11 km north-east of Melbourne's city centre. He intended to walk the remaining distance to the site where Louis Buvelot painted his 1866 work Summer afternoon near Templestowe,[7] which Streeton considered "the first fine landscape painted in Victoria".[8] On the return journey to Heidelberg, wet canvas in hand, Streeton met Charles Davies, brother-in-law of friend and fellow plein air painter David Davies. Charles gave him "artistic possession" of an abandoned homestead atop the summit of Mount Eagle estate, offering spectacular views across the Yarra Valley to the Dandenongs.[9] For Streeton, Eaglemont (as it became known) was the ideal working environment—a reasonably isolated rural location accessible by public transport. The house itself could be seen by visitors as they arrived at Heidelberg railway station.
Streeton spent the first few nights at Eaglemont alone with the estate's tenant farmer Jack Whelan (who appears in Streeton's "pioneer" painting The selector's hut (Whelan on the log), 1890[10]), and slept upon the floor, the rooms being bare of furniture. Of his first few nights at the house, Streeton said it was "creaking and ghostly. A long dark corridor seemed full of past visions, and out of doors a blurred rich blackness against the sharp brilliance of the Southern Cross ... But tobacco and wine weighed healthily against the darkness".[8] He descended the hill daily to Heidelberg village for meals before jaunting into the bush with a billycan of milk and swag of paints and canvases. The first artists to paint with Streeton at Eaglemont were the National Gallery students Aby Altson and John Llewellyn Jones, followed by John Mather and Walter Withers. Like Streeton, Withers painted from nature amidst suburban bush around Melbourne, employing earthy colours with loose, impressionistic brushstrokes. By the end of 1888, he became a weekend visitor to the camp.[11]
About the same time, Streeton met the artist Charles Conder, who travelled down from Sydney in October 1888 at the invitation of Tom Roberts. One year Streeton's junior, Conder was already a committed plein airist, having been influenced by the painterly techniques of expatriate impressionist Girolamo Nerli. Conder and Roberts joined Streeton at Eaglemont in January 1889 and helped make some modest improvements to the house. Despite austere living conditions, Streeton felt content: "Surrounded by the loveliness of the new landscape, with heat, drought, and flies, and hard pressed for the necessaries of life, we worked hard, and were a happy trio."[8] Streeton and Conder quickly became friends and influenced one another's art. Their shared love of South Australian poet Adam Lindsay Gordon's lyrical verse is revealed in the titles of some of their Eaglemont paintings, including Streeton's romantic gloaming work 'Above us the great grave sky' (1890, taken from Gordon's poem "Doubtful Dreams"[12]). Later, critics would describe some of the pair's Eaglemont paintings as companion pieces, as both artists often painted the same views and subjects using a high-keyed "gold and blue" palette, which Streeton considered "nature's scheme of colour in Australia".[citation needed]
Two of Streeton's best-known works were painted during this period—Golden Summer, Eaglemont (1889) and 'Still glides the stream, and shall for ever glide' (1890)—each a sunlit pastoral scene of golden-paddocked plains stretching to the distant blue Corhanwarrabul. In 1891, Arthur Merric and Emma Minnie of the Boyd artistic dynasty took Golden Summer, Eaglemont to Europe where it became the first painting by an Australian-born artist to be exhibited at the Royal Academy, London, and was awarded a Mention honourable at the 1892 Paris Salon.
Sydney and travels inland
[edit]On 2 June 1890, in the wake of an economic depression in Melbourne, Strreeton sailed to Sydney, and initially stayed there with his sister in the suburb of Summer Hill.[13] He soon relocated to Curlew Camp, a plein air artists' camp on Sydney Harbour, where he painted many views of his natural surroundings and was visited by a number of artists, including Julian Ashton and Albert Henry Fullwood, who stayed at the camp for extended periods. Tom Roberts later joined him also, continuing their artistic friendship. From 1891, Streeton began travelling widely in rural New South Wales. As well as painting scenes of Sydney Harbour and Coogee, and urban scenes of Sydney, it was during the early to mid-1890s that he painted some of his major rural landscapes, including the Hawkesbury River series and 'Fire's on'.[3]
Sydney Harbour inspired many of Streeton's most poetic Symbolist paintings, a number of which infuse the Australian landscape with mythological subjects. The city also spurred his interest in the decorative arts as he painted on fans, furniture, musical instruments and other objects. The influence of Japanese art, such as kakemono (hung scrolls), is evidenced in the extreme vertical formats and compositional elements he favoured around this time.
In 1893, Streeton wrote in Sydney's Daily Telegraph criticising a proposal by a mining company to develop a colliery on the shores of Sydney Harbor, which would necessitate the cutting down of a great many gum trees. His letter, which came to be known as "Streeton's shriek", read in part:
It seems likely that charming Cremorne is to pass away and leave a dismal eyesore ... Where once was youth with their sweethearts in white muslin gathered joyfully for merriment and sport, making Cremorne a happy pastoral, we would have instead a numerous fleet of grimy coal ships, hulks, smoke and darkness.
The letter helped raise public alarm over the proposal, and in 1895, Streeton painted Cremorne pastoral, his largest harbour composition, as "an elegiac image of what [he] believed would be lost" if the project went head. When it went on exhibition later that year, the Art Gallery of New South Wales acquired the work and publicly endorsed Streeton's protests. The government, in the face of mounting backlash, was forced to abandon the mining project.[14][15] Cremorne pastoral's status as an environmental protest painting is considered groundbreaking in Australian art history.[16]
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McMahon's Point Ferry, 1890, private collection
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Fire's on, 1891, Art Gallery of New South Wales
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Oblivion, 1892, private collection
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Cremorne pastoral, 1895, Art Gallery of New South Wales
Overseas and life in England
[edit]In 1897 Streeton sailed for London on the Polynesian, stopping at Port Said before continuing on via Cairo and Naples. He held an exhibition at the Royal Academy in 1900 and became a member of the Chelsea Arts Club in 1903. Although he had developed a considerable reputation in Australia, he failed to achieve the same success in England. His trips to London were financed by the sales of his paintings at home in Australia.
His time in England reinforced a strong sense of patriotism towards the British Empire and, like many, anticipated the coming war with Germany with some enthusiasm. In 1906, Streeton returned to Australia and completed some paintings at Mount Macedon in February 1907 while staying with his patrons the Pinschofs at Hohe Warte.[17] These included the notable five feet by three feet Australia Felix (a view from Mt. Toorong) and a number of other smaller paintings. He returned to London in October. Paintings done in Venice in September 1908, including The Grand Canal, were exhibited in Australia in July 1909 as "Arthur Streeton's Venice". In Australia again in April 1914 he held exhibitions in Sydney and Melbourne and went back to England in early 1915.
War artist
[edit]Along with other members of the Chelsea Arts Club, including Tom Roberts, he joined the Royal Army Medical Corps (British Army) at the age of 48. He worked at the 3rd London General Hospital in Wandsworth and reached the rank of corporal.
Streeton was made an Australian Official War Artist with the Australian Imperial Force,[18] holding the rank of Honorary Lieutenant, and he travelled to France on 14 May 1918 and was attached to the 2nd Division, receiving his movement order on 8 May 1918. He worked in France, with a break in August, until October 1918.[19][20] Expected by the Commonwealth to produce sketches and drawings that were "descriptive", Streeton concentrated on the landscape of the scenes of war and did not attempt to convey the human suffering. Unlike the more famous military art depicting the definitive moments of battle, Streeton produced "military still life", capturing the everyday moments of the war. Streeton explained what was at that time an unconventional point of view – a perspective which was based in experience:
True pictures of battlefields are very quiet looking things. There's nothing much to be seen, everybody and thing is hidden and camouflaged.
Two paintings from this period, Villers Bretonneux (1918)[21] and Boulogne (1918),[22] are in the collection of the Art Gallery of New South Wales.
Later years
[edit]After the war, Streeton resumed painting in the Grampians and Dandenong Ranges. Streeton built a house on five acres (20,000 m2) at Olinda in the Dandenongs where he continued to paint. He won the Wynne Prize in 1928 with Afternoon Light, Goulburn Valley.[23] He was an art critic for The Argus from 1929 to 1935 and in 1937 was knighted for services to the arts. He married Esther Leonora Clench, a Canadian violinist, in 1908. Streeton died in September 1943. He is buried at Ferntree Gully cemetery.
Legacy
[edit]Streeton Drive, a main thoroughfare in Weston Creek is named after Sir Arthur, as is Streeton Primary School, in the Melbourne suburb of Yallambie.
There is also a memorial for Streeton just outside Geelong, Victoria.
In 2008, three expatriate Australian classical musicians living in Geneva, Switzerland founded a piano trio they named the Streeton Trio after the painter.[24]
Streeton's works appear in many major Australian galleries and museums, including the National Gallery of Australia and state galleries, and the Australian War Memorial. In September 2015, Streeton's Coogee clifftop landscape Blue Pacific (1890) became the first painting by an Australian artist, and only the second painting by a Western artist outside Europe, to hang in the permanent collection of the National Gallery, London. It sits alongside major impressionist works by Claude Monet and Édouard Manet.[25][26]
Prices
[edit]Streeton's paintings are amongst the most collectible of Australian artists and attracted high prices during his lifetime. Golden Summer, Eaglemont sold for around 1000 guineas in 1924 and in 1995 it was bought in a private sale by the National Gallery of Australia for A$3.5 million, both times setting a sales record for an Australian painting. In 1985, Settler's Camp sold at auction for A$800,000 and this remained the record auction price for Streeton's work until 23 May 2005, when his 1890 painting, Sunlight Sweet, Coogee, was sold for A$2.04 million (A$1.853 million before tax), becoming only the second painting by an Australian artist to exceed the A$2 million mark at auction (after Frederick McCubbin's 1892 work Bush Idyll, which sold for A$2.3 million in 1998). The painting was part of the Foster's Group collection and was sold at auction by Sotheby's. That record was eclipsed when, on 21 April 2021, Streeton's The Grand Canal (1908) was auctioned in Melbourne for A$3.068 million.[27]
Gallery
[edit]-
At Templestowe, 1889, Art Gallery of South Australia
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Sunlight Sweet, Coogee, 1890, private collection
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The Point Wharf, Mosman Bay, 1893, National Gallery of Australia
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The Railway Station, Redfern, 1893, Art Gallery of New South Wales
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Ariadne, 1895, National Gallery of Australia
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Manly Beach, 1895, Bendigo Art Gallery
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The Spirit of the Drought, 1895, National Gallery of Australia
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‘The purple noon's transparent might’, 1896, National Gallery of Victoria
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The Path to Podge Newton's, 1895, private collection
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From My Camp, 1896, Art Gallery of New South Wales
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House builders, Cairo, 1897, National Gallery of Australia
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Sydney Harbour, New South Wales, 1894, State Library of New South Wales
References
[edit]- ^ "Births deaths and marriages Victoria".
- ^ "Sir Arthur Streeton | Monument Australia".
- ^ a b "Streeton, Sir Arthur Ernest (1867–1943)," Australian Dictionary of Biography Online
- ^ Reid, John B. (1977). Australian Artists at War: Compiled from the Australian War Memorial Collection. Volume 1, p. 16.
- ^ Galbally, Ann E. Galbally. (1990). "Streeton, Sir Arthur Ernest (1867–1943)," Australian Dictionary of Biography Online
- ^ "Melbourne Gossip". The Western Australian: 3. 16 May 1888. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
- ^ NGV Collection > Summer afternoon, Templstowe, ngv.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
- ^ a b c Streeton, Arthur (16 October 1934). "Eaglemont in the Eighties: Beginnings of Art in Australia". The Argus.
- ^ Lane, Terrace (2007). "Chapter 8: Painting on the Hill of Gold: Heidelberg 1888–90". In Lane, Terrace (ed.). Australian Impressionism. National Gallery of Victoria. pp. 123–127. ISBN 978-0724102815.
- ^ STREETON, Arthur | The selector's hut (Whelan on the log), nga.gov.au. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
- ^ Moore, William. The Story of Australian Art: From the Earliest Known Art of the Continent to the Art of To-day. Sydney: Angus & Robertson, 1934. ISBN 020714284X, p. 76
- ^ STREETON, Arthur | 'Above us the great grave sky', nga.gov.au. Retrieved 8 November 2011.
- ^ "The Artists | Arthur Streeton - Biography". www.artistsfootsteps.com.
- ^ Bonyhady, Tim (December 2020). "Streeton's shriek". The Monthly. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
- ^ "PICTURESQUE SYDNEY AND THE COAL BORE". Daily Telegraph. 9 December 1893. Retrieved 6 November 2021.
- ^ "Arthur Streeton’s green protest", The Australian.
- ^ Smith & Singer. View from Mt Toorong (Study for Australia Felix) https://auctions.smithandsinger.com.au/lots/view/1-2DWAYU/view-from-mt-toorong-study-for-australia-felix-1907
- ^ 'Camofleur', "Musketeers of Brush and Pencil with the A.I.F.: Art Under Fire: The Battlefield as Studio", The (Melbourne) Herald, (1 February 1919), p. 4.
- ^ Galbally (1979) p.67.
- ^ Australian War Memorial (AWM), First World War, Arthur Streeton.
- ^ Streeton, Arthur (1918). "Villers Bretonneux". AGNSW collection record. Art Gallery of New South Wales. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
- ^ Streeton, Arthur (1918). "Boulogne". AGNSW collection record. Art Gallery of New South Wales. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
- ^ "Wynne Prize". AGNSW prize record. Art Gallery of New South Wales. 1928. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
- ^ Streeton Trio. Retrieved 18 April 2014
- ^ Boland, Michaela (18 September 2015). "Arthur Streeton hanging out with art toffs in UK’s National Gallery", The Australian. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
- ^ Schwartzkoff, Louise (18 September 2015). "Arthur Streeton's Blue Pacific at the National Gallery in London: mystery owner revealed as Jeff d'Albora". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
- ^ O'Brien, Kerrie (1 April 2021). "Arthur Streeton's Grand Canal sells for record $3 million at auction". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
External links
[edit]- Artist's footsteps – Arthur Streeton
- Arthur Streeton at the Art Gallery of New South Wales
- Arthur Streeton at Australian Art
- Arthur Streeton on Picture Australia
- Dictionary of Australian Art, Arthur Streeton
- Images
- The domes of St. Mark's (1908) Archived 25 September 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- 1867 births
- 1943 deaths
- 19th-century Australian painters
- 19th-century Australian male artists
- 20th-century Australian painters
- 20th-century Australian male artists
- Australian Knights Bachelor
- Australian landscape painters
- Australian people of English descent
- Australian war artists
- Heidelberg School
- Members of the Royal Institute of Oil Painters
- Orientalist painters
- Paintings by Arthur Streeton
- People from Geelong
- World War I artists
- Wynne Prize winners
- British Army personnel of World War I
- Royal Army Medical Corps soldiers
- Australian military personnel of World War I
- Australian Army officers
- Australian male painters
- People from Richmond, Victoria
- National Gallery of Victoria Art School alumni
- Military personnel from Victoria (state)
- People from the Colony of Victoria