Terry Lloyd: Difference between revisions
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'''Terence Ellis Lloyd''' ([[November 21]], [[1952]] – [[March 22]], [[2003]]) was a [[United Kingdom|British]] television journalist well-known for his reporting from the [[Middle East]]. He was killed by [[United States|U.S.]] troops in [[Iraq]], while he was covering the [[2003 invasion of Iraq]] for [[ITN]]. An inquest jury in the United Kingdom before Assistant Deputy [[Coroner]] Andrew Walker returned a verdict of [[unlawful killing]] on [[13 October]], [[2006]] following an eight-day hearing. |
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==Early Life== |
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He was born and brought up in [[Derby]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Soldier tells inquest of US fire|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/5414136.stm| format=HTML| accessdate=2006-10-07}}</ref>, where he worked for [[Raymonds News Agency]], and later moved to become a regional TV reporter for [[Central Independent Television|Central Television]]. He joined ITN in [[1983]]. |
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==Career== |
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In [[1988]] he broke the news that [[Saddam Hussein]] had used [[chemical warfare|chemical weapons]] in [[Halabja]], killing 5000 [[Kurds]]. In [[1999]] he became the first journalist to enter [[Kosovo]]. |
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==Death== |
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Lloyd died on [[March 22]], [[2003]] while covering the events taking place in the [[2003 invasion of Iraq|Iraqi war]] for [[ITN]]. Working as an independent reporter not "embedded" with [[United States|U.S.]] or [[United Kingdom|UK]] forces, Lloyd and his team of two cameramen and an interpreter were caught in [[crossfire]] during fighting near the [[Shatt_al-Arab|Shatt Al Basra Bridge]] in [[Basra]], [[Iraq]], <ref>{{cite web| title=Cameraman's fate remains unsolved| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/5408076.stm| format=HTML| accessdate=2006-10-04}}</ref> between [[United States|U.S.]] and [[Iraqi Republican Guard|Iraqi forces]]. His body and that of his [[Lebanon|Lebanese]] interpreter, [[Hussein Osman]], were recovered and it was later discovered they had both been shot by [[United States military|United States forces]] on the road to Basra <ref>{{cite web| title=Lloyd shot dead by US troops, inquest told| url=http://media.guardian.co.uk/site/story/0,,1889272,00.html| format=HTML| accessdate=2006-10-06| first=Leigh | last=Holmwood}}</ref>. The [[France|French]] cameraman [[Frédéric Nérac]] is still officially classed as missing, presumed dead. The [[Belgium|Belgian]] cameraman [[Daniel Demoustier]] survived. Terry Lloyd's funeral was reported on [[ITN]] news bulletins by [[Mark Austin]] on [[ITV]] and [[Samira Ahmed]] on [[Channel 4]]. |
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==Investigation== |
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The [[Royal Military Police]] (RMP) carried out an investigation into the incident. Major Kay Roberts, an RMP investigator, testified at the inquest on Terry Lloyd that a videotape of the incident, taken by a cameraman attached to the US unit that killed Terry Lloyd, had been edited before it had been passed on to the British investigation. The RMP forensics expert who examined the tape concluded that about 15 minutes had been removed from the start of the recording. Roberts testified at the inquest that she was sent the tape "many months" after the incident<ref>http://www.itv.com/news/index_bcb200049a635c99b2462da8213660d5.html Lloyd footage 'may have been edited'</ref> and that the she was told by the US authorities that the footage they handed over was "everything that they had". |
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The ITN team were driving in two cars both clearly marked as press vehicles. Frédéric Nérac and Hussein Osman were in the car behind Terry Lloyd and Daniel Demoustier. They encountered an Iraqi convoy at the [[Shatt_al-Arab|Shatt Al Basra Bridge]] in [[Basra]], [[Iraq]]. Nérac and Osman were taken out of their car and made to get into an Iraqi vehicle. The British investigation into the incident established the convoy was escorting a [[Baath Party]] leader to Basra. US forces shot at the Iraqi convoy, killing Osman: Nérac's body has not been recovered, but investigation suggests it is unlikely he could have survived.<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6037171.stm Lloyd video shown for first time</ref> |
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Frédéric Nérac's wife Fabienne Mercier-Nérac testified that she had received a letter from US authorities who denied being at the scene when the ITN News team was attacked. |
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Demoustier and Lloyd, still in the ITN car, were caught in [[crossfire]] between the [[Iraqi Republican Guard]] and [[United States|U.S.]] forces. Lloyd was hit by an Iraqi bullet, an injury from which he could have recovered. He was put into a civilian [[minibus]] that had stopped to pick up casualties. Forensic evidence presented at the inquest shows [[United States|U.S.]] forces shot at the minibus after it had turned to leave the area, killing Terry Lloyd outright. Demoustier survived. |
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==Inquest== |
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The [[inquest]] on Terry Lloyd's death was held in October [[2006]] in [[Oxfordshire]], and lasted eight days, recording the verdict on [[13 October]], [[2006]]. The Assistant Deputy [[Coroner]], [[Andrew Walker]], recorded a verdict of [[unlawful killing]] by [[United States military|U.S. forces]], and announced he would write to the [[Director_of_Public_Prosecutions#England_and_Wales|Director of Public Prosecutions]] asking for him to investigate the possibility of bringing charges. |
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Andrew Walker formally cleared [[ITN]] of any blame for Terry Lloyd's death, and said that in his view the [[United States|U.S]] tanks had been first to open fire on the [[ITN]] crew's two vehicles. However, in the same document, he says he "was unable to determine whether the bullets that killed Lloyd in southern Iraq on [[March 22]], [[2003]], were fired by U.S. ground forces or helicopters." Lloyd "would probably have survived the first bullet wound" but was killed as he was being carried away from the fighting in a civilian minibus. Walker said: "If the vehicle was perceived as a threat, it would have been fired on before it did a U-turn. This would have resulted in damage to the front of the vehicle. I have no doubt it was the fact that the vehicle stopped to pick up survivors that prompted the [[United States|Americans]] to fire on that vehicle." <ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6046950.stm US forces killed ITN man in Iraq]</ref>The [[National Union of Journalists]] said Terry Lloyd's killing was a [[war crime]]<ref>[http://www.nuj.org.uk/inner.php?docid=1494 IFJ challenges US after unlawful killing verdict]</ref>. |
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==After the Inquest verdict== |
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On [[October 25]], [[2006]] [[Sir Menzies Campbell]] Leader of the [[Liberal Democrats]] and MP for North-East Fife raised the matter at [[Prime_Minister%27s_Questions|Prime Minister’s Questions]] (PMQs). |
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He asked |
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“When may we expect the [[Attorney-General]] to make an application for the extradition and trial in Britain of those American soldiers against whom there is a ''prima facie'' case for the unlawful killing in Iraq of the ITN journalist Terry Lloyd?” ( [[Hansard]] Column 1512) |
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On [[19 January]], [[2007]], ITN released the names of the 16 American soldiers in the unit involved in Lloyd's death. <ref>http://itn.co.uk/news/e432840527374cd2243d0216ebac63ff.html</ref> |
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==Trivia== |
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He was the brother of the television actor, [[Kevin Lloyd]]. |
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==References== |
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<references/> |
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==External links== |
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*[http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/Story/0,2763,920672,00.html Obituary: Terry Lloyd] ([[The Guardian]]) |
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*[http://www.ifex.org/en/content/view/full/58315 Lloyd's daughter demands inquiry into father's death] - [[International Freedom of Expression Exchange|IFEX]] |
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*[http://uk.news.yahoo.com/06102006/344/tank-shot-lloyd-itn-team.html Inquiry reveals military cover up] |
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*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/6046950.stm US forces killed ITN man in Iraq ] |
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*[http://www.itv.com/news/index_bcb200049a635c99b2462da8213660d5.html ITN - Lloyd footage may have been edited] ([[ITV.com|itv.com]]) |
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*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/2877767.stm BBC News - Profile: Terry Lloyd] - 23/03/03 |
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*[http://www.fred-nerac.info/ukartdesmout.htm Incident Account by Daniel Demoustier] |
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*[http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/article/021006/nuj_speaksa_out_on_eve_of_terry_lloyd_inquest Online Press Gazette - NUJ speaks out on eve of Terry Lloyd inquest] - 2/10/06 |
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*[http://www.nuj.org.uk/ National Union of Journalists] |
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*[http://www.rsf.org/ Reporters Sans Frontieres] - available in three languages |
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*[http://www.asiansinmedia.org/jobs/details.php?id=104 AIM Magazine - The Terry Lloyd Memorial Bursary] - 8/10/06 |
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[[Category:1952 births|Lloyd, Terry]] |
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[[Category:2003 deaths|Lloyd, Terry]] |
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[[Category:Journalists killed in Iraq|Lloyd, Terry]] |
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[[Category:British reporters and correspondents|Lloyd, Terry]] |
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[[Category:2003 Iraq conflict|Lloyd, Terry]] |
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[[Category:Deaths by firearm|Lloyd, Terry]] |
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[[Category:War correspondents|Lloyd, Terry]] |
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