Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante

The Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante (Portuguese: "Scout") is a general purpose 15-21 passenger twin-turboprop light transport aircraft suitable for military and civil duties. It is manufactured by the Brazilian corporation, Embraer.

Design and Purpose

The EMB 110 was designed by the French engineer Max Holste following the specifications of the IPD-6504 program set by the Brazilian Ministry of Aeronautics in 1965.

The goal was to create a general purpose aircraft, suitable for both civilian and military roles with a low operational cost and high reliability. On this measure, the EMB 110 has succeeded.

Further development of the EMB 110 was halted by the manufacturer in order to shift focus to the larger, faster, and pressurized 30-seat EMB 120 Brasilia.

Production and Service

EMB 110P1

EMB 110B

The first military prototype, designated YC-95, was flown in October 1968 and production began the following year by the newly formed aircraft company Embraer. The passenger model first flew on August 9, 1972 and entered commercial service on April 16, 1973 with the now defunct Brazilian airline company Transbrasil.

Over the next 21 years Embraer built 494 aircraft in numerous configurations for a variety of roles including:

• YC-95 or EMB 100 - Prototype.
• EMB 110 - Military transport version.
• C-95 - Military transport version for the Brazilian Air Force.
• EMB 110A - Radio calibration version.
• E-95 - radio calibration version for the Brazilian Air Force.
• EC-95B - Calibration version for the Brazilian Air Force.
• EMB 110B - Aerial survey, aerial photography version.
• R-95 - Aerial survey version for the Brazilian Air Force.
• EMB 110CN - Three navalised aircraft sold to the Chilean Navy.
• EMB 110C - The first commercial model, 15-seat passenger commuter airline.
• EMB 111A - Maritime patrol version for the Brazilian Air Force. The aircraft also has the Brazilian Air Force designation P-95. A few were leased to the Argentine Navy after the Falklands War (Spanish: Guerra de las Malvinas/Guerra del Atlántico Sur) due to the retirement of their last SP-2H Neptune and until the introduction of the modified L-188 Electras.
• P-95B -
• EMB 111AN - Six maritime patrol aircraft sold to the Chilean Navy.
• EMB 110E
• EMB 110E(J) - 7 seat executive transport version.
• EMB 110K1 - Cargo transport version.
• C-95A - Cargo version for the Brazilian Air Force.
• EMB 110P - Commuter airline version.
• EMB 110P1 - Quick change cargo/passenger transport version.
• C-95B - Quick change cargo/passenger version for the Brazilian Air Force.
• EMB 110P1 SAR - Search and rescue version.
• EMB 110P/A - 18 seat passenger version, intended for export.
• EMB 110P1/A - Mixed passenger/freight version with enlarged cargo door.
• EMB 110P1/41 - Cargo/passenger transport aircraft.
• EMB 110P1K/110K - Military version.
• C-95C - The Brazilian Air Force version of the EMB 110P2.
• EMB 110P2
• EMB 110P2/A - Modifications for airline commuter role, seating up to 21 passengers.
• EMB 110P2/41 - 21-seat pressurised commuter airline.
• EMB 110S1 - Geophysical survey version.
• SC-95 - Search and rescue version for the Brazilian Air Force.
• XC-95 - Rain research version for the Brazilian Air Force.

Production was halted in 1990, as the EMB 110 had been superseded by the increasingly popular EMB120.

Operators

Civil Operators

In August 2006 a total of 159 EMB 110 aircraft (all variants) remain in airline service worldwide with some 65 airlines. Major operators include:

• Brazil
  • Abaeté Linhas Aéreas (6)
  • Tavaj Linhas Aereas (7)
• Canada
  • Air Creebec (3)
  • Kenn Borek Air (2)
• Cook Islands
  • Air Rarotonga (3)
• Fiji
  • Air Fiji (7)
• Netherlands Antilles
  • Insel Air (1)
• Tonga
  • Airlines Tonga
• United States
  • AirNow (14)
• Venezuela
  • Rutaca (6)
• Australia
  • Aeropelican (1)

Military Operators

• EMB 100
  • Angola
  • Brazil
  • Chile
  • Gabon
  • Senegal
• EMB 110
  • Brazil
  • Cape Verde
  • Chile
  • Colombia
  • Gabon
  • Peru
  • Uruguay

Specifications (EMB 110P1A/41)

General characteristics

• Capacity: 21 passengers

Performance

Incidents and accidents

• 1 March 1988: Comair Flight 206, using an Embraer 110, crashed in Johannesburg, killing all 17 occupants.
• July 19, 1994: Panamanian domestic airline ALAS, registration HP-1202AC using an Embraer 110P1, the aircraft crashed after a bomb exploded in the cabin killing 21, twelve Jewish businessmen were among the passengers.

• 24 May 1995 G-OEAA, an Embraer EMB-110-P1 operated by UK domestic airline Knight Air flight between Leeds and Aberdeen entered a steeply descending spiral dive, broke up in flight and crashed into farmland at Dunkeswick Moor near Leeds. All 12 occupants were killed. The probable cause of the accident was the failure of one or both artificial horizon instruments. There was no standby artificial horizon installed (as there was no airworthiness requirement for one on this aircraft) and the accident report concluded that this left the crew without a single instrument available for assured attitude reference or simple means of determining which flight instruments had failed. The aircraft entered a spiral dive from which the pilot, who was likely to have become spatially disoriented, was unable to recover.

References

• EMB 110 information at Airliners.net
• Endres, Gunter and Gething, Mike. (2002). Aircraft Recognition Guide, (2nd Ed.). New York: Harper Collins Publishers. ISBN 0-00-713721-4

See also

Related development EMB 120 - EMB 121