List of prime ministers of Portugal: Difference between revisions
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|colspan="4" align=left|<small>[[Portuguese Colonial War]]; [[Carnation Revolution]] |
|colspan="4" align=left|<small>[[Portuguese Colonial War]]; [[Carnation Revolution]] |
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%; width=100%; line-height:19px;" |
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! width=35%|Name<br /><small>(Birth–Death) |
! width=35%|Name<br /><small>(Birth–Death) |
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! colspan="2" width=25%|Term of office<br />—<br />Electoral mandates |
! colspan="2" width=25%|Term of office<br />—<br />Electoral mandates |
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! width= |
! width=20%|Political party |
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! width= |
! width=10%|Elected |
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! width=10%|Government |
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|- style="background:#cccccc" |
|- style="background:#cccccc" |
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! colspan=11 | [[Carnation Revolution|Provisional Governments of the Revolutionary Period]] (1974–1976) |
! colspan=11 | [[Carnation Revolution|Provisional Governments of the Revolutionary Period]] (1974–1976) |
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|rowspan="3" style="background:{{Socialist Party (Portugal)/meta/color}}; color:white;" rowspan=3 | '''105''' |
|rowspan="3" style="background:{{Socialist Party (Portugal)/meta/color}}; color:white;" rowspan=3 | '''105''' |
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|rowspan="3"| [[File:Mário Soares par Claude Truong-Ngoc 1978.png|50px]] |
|rowspan="3"| [[File:Mário Soares par Claude Truong-Ngoc 1978.png|50px]] |
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|rowspan="3 |
|rowspan="3"| [[Mário Soares|'''Mário''' Alberto Nobre Lopes '''Soares''']] <br/><small>(1924–)</small> |
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| <small>23 July</small><br />1976 |
|rowspan="2"| <small>23 July</small><br />1976 |
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| <small>28 August</small><br />1978 |
|rowspan="2"| <small>28 August</small><br />1978 |
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| |
|rowspan="2" bgcolor=#FADADD| [[Socialist Party (Portugal)|<small>Socialist Party</small><br/>PS]]<br />(from 1977 with the<br />[[Democratic and Social Center / People's Party|Democratic and Social Centre]]) |
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⚫ | |||
|rowspan="2" bgcolor=#FADADD| [[:pt:I Governo Constitucional de Portugal|I]]<br />[[:pt:II Governo Constitucional de Portugal|II]] |
|rowspan="2" bgcolor=#FADADD| [[:pt:I Governo Constitucional de Portugal|I]]<br />[[:pt:II Governo Constitucional de Portugal|II]] |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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| — |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
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|colspan=" |
|colspan="5" align=left|<small>First democratically elected prime minister; [[Economic history of Portugal|1976-1978 economic crisis]]; [[International Monetary Fund]] loan; Submission of the candidacy of Portugal to the EEC. |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|rowspan="2" style="background:gray; color:white;" |'''106''' |
|rowspan="2" style="background:gray; color:white;" |'''106''' |
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|rowspan="2"| [[File:No image.png|50px]] |
|rowspan="2"| [[File:No image.png|50px]] |
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|rowspan="2 |
|rowspan="2"| [[Alfredo Nobre da Costa|'''Alfredo''' Jorge '''Nobre da Costa''']]<br/><small>(1923–1996)</small> |
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| <small>28 August</small><br />1978 |
| <small>28 August</small><br />1978 |
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| <small>22 November</small><br />1978 |
| <small>22 November</small><br />1978 |
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|bgcolor=#DCDCDC |
|bgcolor=#DCDCDC| Independent |
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| — |
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⚫ | |||
| [[:pt:III Governo Constitucional de Portugal|III]] |
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|- |
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|colspan="2" align="center"| <center><small>——</small><center> |
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|colspan="5" align=left|<small>Appointed by Presidential nomination. Resigned after his cabinet failed to gain Assembly majority. |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|rowspan="2" style="background:gray; color:white;" |'''107''' |
|rowspan="2" style="background:gray; color:white;" |'''107''' |
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|rowspan="2"| [[File:No image.png|50px]] |
|rowspan="2"| [[File:No image.png|50px]] |
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|rowspan="2 |
|rowspan="2"| [[Carlos Mota Pinto|'''Carlos''' Alberto da '''Mota Pinto''']]<br/><small>(1936–1985)</small> |
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| <small>22 November</small><br />1978 |
| <small>22 November</small><br />1978 |
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| <small>1 August</small><br />1979 |
| <small>1 August</small><br />1979 |
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|bgcolor=#DCDCDC |
|bgcolor=#DCDCDC| Independent<br />([[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|Social Democratic]]) |
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| — |
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⚫ | |||
| [[:pt:IV Governo Constitucional de Portugal|IV]] |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|- |
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|colspan="2" align="center"| <center><small>——</small><center> |
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|colspan="5" align=left|<small>Appointed by presidential nomination. |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2" style="background:gray; color:white;" |'''108''' |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2"| [[File:No image.png|50px]] |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2"| [[Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo|'''Maria de Lourdes''' Ruivo da Silva de Matos '''Pintasilgo''']]<br/><small>(1930–2004)</small> |
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| <small>1 August</small><br />1979 |
| <small>1 August</small><br />1979 |
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| <small>3 January</small><br />1980 |
| <small>3 January</small><br />1980 |
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|bgcolor=#DCDCDC |
|bgcolor=#DCDCDC| Independent |
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| — |
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⚫ | |||
|[[:pt:V Governo Constitucional de Portugal|V]] |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|colspan="2" align="center"| <center><small>——</small><center> |
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|- |
|- |
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|colspan=" |
|colspan="5" align=left|<small>Appointed by presidential nomination. Only female Prime Minister of Portugal. |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{Social Democratic Party (Portugal)/meta/color}}; color:white;" |'''109''' |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2"| [[File:Sá Carneiro.jpg|50px]] |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2"| [[Francisco Sá Carneiro|'''Francisco''' Manuel Lumbrales de '''Sá Carneiro''']]<br/><small>(1934–1980)</small> |
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| <small>3 January</small><br />1980 |
| <small>3 January</small><br />1980 |
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| <small>4 December</small><br />1980 <small>(died) |
| <small>4 December</small><br />1980 <small>(died) |
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|bgcolor=#FFCC99 |
|bgcolor=#FFCC99| [[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|<small>Social Democratic Party</small><br/>PSD]]<br/><small>(within [[Democratic Alliance (Portugal)|Democratic Alliance]]) |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|bgcolor="B2FFFF"| [[:pt:VI Governo Constitucional de Portugal|VI]] |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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⚫ | |||
|- |
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|colspan=" |
|colspan="5" align=left|<small>First center-right Prime Minister since the Revolution; [[1980 Azores Islands earthquake]]; Died in a tragic [[1980 Camarate air crash|plane crash]]. The accident triggered a number of conspiracy theories. |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{Democratic and Social Centre – People´s Party/meta/color}}; color:white;" | '''110''' |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2"| [[File:Freitas do Amaral, XV Cimeira Ibero-Americana - Salamanca, Espanha.jpg|47px]] |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2"| [[Diogo de Freitas do Amaral|'''Diogo''' Pinto de '''Freitas do Amaral''']] (interim)<br/><small>(1941–)</small> |
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| <small>4 December</small><br />1980 |
| <small>4 December</small><br />1980 |
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| <small>9 January</small><br />1981 |
| <small>9 January</small><br />1981 |
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|bgcolor=#69CDAA |
|bgcolor=#69CDAA| [[CDS – People's Party|<small>Democratic and Social Centre</small><br/>CDS]]<br/><small>(within [[Democratic Alliance (Portugal)|Democratic Alliance]]) |
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| |
|bgcolor="B2FFFF"| — |
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|bgcolor="B2FFFF"| ([[:pt:VI Governo Constitucional de Portugal|VI]]) |
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|colspan="2" align="center"| <center><small>——</small><center> |
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|- |
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|colspan=" |
|colspan="5" align=left|<small>Deputy Prime Minister and [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Portugal)|Foreign Minister]] under [[Francisco Sá Carneiro]]; interim Prime Minister upon Sá Carneiro's death. |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|rowspan="3" style="background:{{Social Democratic Party (Portugal)/meta/color}}; color:white;" |'''111''' |
|rowspan="3" style="background:{{Social Democratic Party (Portugal)/meta/color}}; color:white;" |'''111''' |
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|rowspan="3"| [[File:Pinto Balsemao.jpg|50px]] |
|rowspan="3"| [[File:Pinto Balsemao.jpg|50px]] |
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|rowspan="3 |
|rowspan="3"| [[Francisco Pinto Balsemão|'''Francisco''' José Pereira '''Pinto Balsemão''']]<br/><small>(1937–)</small> |
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| <small>9 January</small><br />1981 |
|rowspan="2"| <small>9 January</small><br />1981 |
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| <small>9 June</small><br />1983 |
|rowspan="2"| <small>9 June</small><br />1983 |
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| |
|rowspan="2" bgcolor=#FFCC99| [[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|<small>Social Democratic Party</small><br/>PSD]]<br/><small>(within [[Democratic Alliance (Portugal)|Democratic Alliance]]) |
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|rowspan="2" bgcolor="B2FFFF"| — |
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⚫ | |||
|bgcolor="B2FFFF"| [[:pt:VII Governo Constitucional de Portugal|VII]] |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|bgcolor="B2FFFF"| [[:pt:VIII Governo Constitucional de Portugal|VIII]] |
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|colspan="2" align="center"| <center><small>——</small> |
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|- |
|- |
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|colspan=" |
|colspan="5" align=left|<small>1982 constitutional revision. |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{Socialist Party (Portugal)/meta/color}}; color:white;" | '''112''' |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2"| [[Image:Mário Soares par Claude Truong-Ngoc 1978.png|50px]] |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2"| [[Mário Soares|'''Mário''' Alberto Nobre Lopes '''Soares''']] (2nd time)<br/><small>(1924–)</small> |
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| <small>9 June</small><br />1983 |
| <small>9 June</small><br />1983 |
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| <small>6 November</small><br />1985 |
| <small>6 November</small><br />1985 |
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|bgcolor=#FADADD |
|bgcolor=#FADADD| [[Socialist Party (Portugal)|<small>Socialist Party</small><br/>PS]] |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
| [[:pt:IX Governo Constitucional de Portugal|IX]]<br/><small>[[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]—[[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|PSD]] |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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⚫ | |||
|- |
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|colspan=" |
|colspan="5" align=left|<small>[[Central Block]] coalition; Portugal's entry to the EEC; [[Economic history of Portugal|1983-1985 economic crisis]]; [[International Monetary Fund]] loan; [[Moimenta-Alcafache train crash]]. |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="4" style="background:{{Social Democratic Party (Portugal)/meta/color}}; color:white;" |'''113''' |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="4"| [[Image:Cavaco Silva 2007.jpg|50px]] |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="4"| [[Aníbal Cavaco Silva|'''Aníbal''' António '''Cavaco Silva''']]<br/><small>(1939–)</small> |
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| <small>6 November</small><br />1985 |
|rowspan="3"| <small>6 November</small><br />1985 |
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| <small>28 October</small><br />1995 |
|rowspan="3"| <small>28 October</small><br />1995 |
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| |
|rowspan="3" bgcolor=#FFCC99| [[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|<small>Social Democratic Party</small><br/>PSD]] |
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⚫ | |||
|rowspan="2" bgcolor=#FFCC99| [[Cavaco Silva's Cabinets (1985–95)|X]]<br />[[Cavaco Silva's Cabinets (1985–95)|XI]]<br />[[Cavaco Silva's Cabinets (1985–95)|XII]] |
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⚫ | |||
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|bgcolor=#FFCC99| [[Portuguese legislative election, 1987|1987]] |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|- |
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|colspan=" |
|colspan="5" align=left|<small>Longest serving prime minister in democracy; [[Economic history of Portugal|economic expansion]]; [[Economic history of Portugal|privatization of many previously government-owned industries]]; 1989 and 1992 constitutional revisions; "Secos e molhados" police protests; [[Maastricht Treaty]]; end of the [[Cold War]]; [[Early 1990s recession]]; Riots against tolls on [[Ponte 25 de Abril]]. |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|rowspan="3" style="background:{{Socialist Party (Portugal)/meta/color}}; color:white;" rowspan=3 | '''114''' |
|rowspan="3" style="background:{{Socialist Party (Portugal)/meta/color}}; color:white;" rowspan=3 | '''114''' |
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|rowspan="3"| [[Image:Antonio Guterres 1-1.jpg|50px]] |
|rowspan="3"| [[Image:Antonio Guterres 1-1.jpg|50px]] |
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|rowspan="3 |
|rowspan="3"| [[António Guterres|'''António''' Manuel de Oliveira '''Guterres''']]<br/><small>(1949–)</small> |
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| <small>28 October</small><br />1995 |
|rowspan="2"| <small>28 October</small><br />1995 |
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| <small>6 April</small><br />2002 |
|rowspan="2"| <small>6 April</small><br />2002 |
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| |
|rowspan="2" bgcolor=#FADADD| [[Socialist Party (Portugal)|<small>Socialist Party</small><br/>PS]] |
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|bgcolor=#FADADD| [[Portuguese legislative election, 1995|1995]] |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|bgcolor=#FADADD| [[Portuguese legislative election, 1999|1999]] |
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⚫ | |||
|- |
|- |
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|colspan=" |
|colspan="5" align=left|<small>[[Expo 98]]; [[Transfer of sovereignty over Macau|Macau handover]]; [[East Timor]] issue; 1997 and 2001 constitutional revisions; [[Hintze Ribeiro disaster]]; Portugal joins the [[Euro|European single currency]]; Resigns after a disastrous result in the 2001 local elections. |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{Social Democratic Party (Portugal)/meta/color}}; color:white;" |'''115''' |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2"| [[Image:Jose Manuel Barroso, EU-kommissionens ordforande, under ett mote i Folketinget 2006-05-19 (1).jpg|50px]] |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2"| [[José Manuel Barroso|'''José Manuel''' Durão '''Barroso''']]<br/><small>(1956–)</small> |
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| <small>6 April</small><br />2002 |
| <small>6 April</small><br />2002 |
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| <small>17 July</small><br />2004 |
| <small>17 July</small><br />2004 |
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|bgcolor=#FFCC99 |
|bgcolor=#FFCC99| [[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|<small>Social Democratic Party</small><br/>PSD]] |
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| [[Portuguese legislative election, 2002|2002]] |
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⚫ | |||
| [[:pt:XV Governo Constitucional de Portugal|XV]]<br/><small>[[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|PSD]]—[[CDS – People's Party|CDS-PP]] |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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⚫ | |||
|- |
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|colspan=" |
|colspan="5" align=left|<small>[[Prestige oil spill|Prestige disaster]]; [[Casa Pia child sexual abuse scandal]]; [[Iraq War]]; [[UEFA Euro 2004]]; 2004 constitutional revision; Resigns to become [[President of the European Commission]]. |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{Social Democratic Party (Portugal)/meta/color}}; color:white;" |'''116''' |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2"| [[File:Pedro Miguel Santana Lopes.jpg|50px]] |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2"| [[Pedro Santana Lopes|'''Pedro''' Miguel de '''Santana Lopes''']]<br/><small>(1956–)</small> |
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| <small>17 July</small><br />2004 |
| <small>17 July</small><br />2004 |
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| <small>12 March</small><br />2005 |
| <small>12 March</small><br />2005 |
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|bgcolor=#FFCC99 |
|bgcolor=#FFCC99| [[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|<small>Social Democratic Party</small><br/>PSD]] |
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| — |
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⚫ | |||
| [[:pt:XVI Governo Constitucional de Portugal|XVI]]<br/><small>[[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|PSD]]—[[CDS – People's Party|CDS-PP]] |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|colspan="2" align="center"| <center> <small>——</small> <center> |
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|- |
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|colspan=" |
|colspan="5" align=left|<small>[[Mayor of Lisbon]] (2002-2004), (2005); Replaced Durão Barroso as Prime Minister; Resigns due to the dissolution of Parliament by the President. |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|rowspan="3" style="background:{{Socialist Party (Portugal)/meta/color}}; color:white;" rowspan=3 | '''117''' |
|rowspan="3" style="background:{{Socialist Party (Portugal)/meta/color}}; color:white;" rowspan=3 | '''117''' |
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|rowspan="3"| [[Image:Socrates2006-2.jpg|50px]] |
|rowspan="3"| [[Image:Socrates2006-2.jpg|50px]] |
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|rowspan="3 |
|rowspan="3"| [[José Sócrates|'''José Sócrates''' de Carvalho Pinto de Sousa]]<br/><small>(1957–)</small> |
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| <small>12 March</small><br />2005 |
|rowspan="2"| <small>12 March</small><br />2005 |
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| <small>21 June</small><br />2011 |
|rowspan="2"| <small>21 June</small><br />2011 |
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| |
|rowspan="2" bgcolor=#FADADD| [[Socialist Party (Portugal)|<small>Socialist Party</small><br/>PS]] |
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|bgcolor=#FADADD| [[Portuguese legislative election, 2005|2005]] |
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|rowspan="2" bgcolor=#FADADD| [[:pt:XVII Governo Constitucional de Portugal|XVII]]<br />[[:pt:XVIII Governo Constitucional de Portugal|XVIII]] |
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⚫ | |||
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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| |
|bgcolor=#FADADD| [[Portuguese legislative election, 2009|2009]] |
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⚫ | |||
|- |
|- |
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|colspan=" |
|colspan="5" align=left|<small>First time the Socialist Party won an absolute majority; 2005 constitutional revision; [[Portuguese abortion referendum, 2007|2007 Abortion referendum]]; [[Treaty of Lisbon]]; Independente affair; [[Face Oculta]] scandal; [[Same-sex marriage in Portugal|Same-sex marriage legislation]]; [[2011 Portuguese protests]]; [[2010–13 Portuguese financial crisis]]. |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{Social Democratic Party (Portugal)/meta/color}}; color:white;" |'''118''' |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2"| [[File:Passos Coelho EPP2011.jpg|50px]] |
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|rowspan=" |
|rowspan="2"| [[Pedro Passos Coelho|'''Pedro''' Manuel Mamede '''Passos Coelho''']]<br/><small>(1964–)</small> |
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| <small>21 June</small><br />2011 |
| <small>21 June</small><br />2011 |
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| Incumbent |
| Incumbent |
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|bgcolor=#FFCC99 |
|bgcolor=#FFCC99| [[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|<small>Social Democratic Party</small><br/>PSD]] |
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| [[Portuguese legislative election, 2011|2011]] |
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⚫ | |||
| [[:pt:XIX Governo Constitucional de Portugal|XIX]]<br/><small>[[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|PSD]]—[[CDS – People's Party|CDS-PP]] |
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|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE |
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⚫ | |||
|- |
|- |
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|colspan=" |
|colspan="5" align=left|<small>Elected during the [[2010–13 Portuguese financial crisis]]; September 15, 2012 mass protests; [[European Fiscal Compact|European Fiscal Union]] approval; 2013 governmental crisis and government reshuffle. |
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Revision as of 09:30, 5 June 2014
Prime Minister of the Portuguese Republic | |
---|---|
since 21 June 2011 | |
Appointer | Aníbal Cavaco Silva |
Term length | Four years |
Inaugural holder | Duke of Palmela |
Formation | 24 September 1834 |
Website | portugal.gov.pt |
Constitution |
---|
The Prime Minister of the Portuguese Republic (primeiro-ministro, Portuguese pronunciation: [pɾiˈmɐjɾu mɨˈniʃtɾu] oder [miˈniʃtɾu]) is the head of the country's Regierung. He/she coordinates the actions of all ministers, represents the Government as a whole, reports his actions and is controlled by the Assembly of the Republic, and keeps the President of the Republic informed.
There is no limit to the number of mandates as Prime Minister. He/she is appointed by the President of the Republic, after the legislative elections and after an audience with every leader of a party represented at the Assembly. It is usual for the leader of the party which receives a plurality of votes in the elections to be named Prime Minister.
The official residence of the Prime Minister, a mansion next to São Bento Palace, which, in confusion, is also often called "São Bento Palace", although many Prime Ministers didn't live in the palace during their full mandate.
History
The origins of present office of Prime Minister of Portugal fall back to the beginning of the Portuguese Monarchy in the 12th century. Typically, a senior official of the King of Portugal prevailed over the others, ensuring the coordination of the administration of the Kingdom as a kind of prime minister. Throughout history, the prominent position fell successively on the Mayor of the Palace (Portuguese Mordomo-Mor), on the Chancellor (Chanceler-Mor), on the King's Private Secretary (Escrivão da Puridade) and on the Secretary of State (Secretário de Estado).
In 1736, three offices of secretary of state were created, with the Secretary of State of the Internal Affairs of the Kingdom (Secretário de Estado dos Negócios Interiores do Reino) occupying a prominent position over the others.
Since the 1820 Liberal Revolution of Porto, liberalism and parliamentarism were installed in the country. In the first liberal period, there were three to six secretaries of state with equal position in the hierarchy, but with the Secretary the Internal Affairs of the Kingdom (usually known by Minister of the Kingdom) continuing to occupy a prominent position. Occasionally there was a Minister Assistant to the Dispatch (Ministro Assistente ao Despacho), a coordinator of all secretaries of state, and with a post similar to that of a prime minister. After a brief absolutistic restoration, the second liberalism started. With the beginning of the Constitutional Monarchy, the office of President of the Council of Ministers (President do Conselho de Ministros) was created. The Presidents of the Council were clearly the heads of government of the Kingdom, holding the executive power that absolutistic monarchs had, but were restricted by the controlling power of a National Congress.
With the advent of the Republic in the 5 October 1910 revolution, the head of government was renamed President of the Ministry (President do Ministério). During this period the heads of government were under the strong power of the parliament and often fell due to parliamentary turmoils and social instability.
With the 28 May 1926 coup d'état, and eventually, after the formation of the Estado Novo quasi-fascist dictatorial regime of António de Oliveira Salazar, the Prime Minister was again named President of the Council of Ministers, and was nominally the most important figure in the country. First Salazar and then Marcello Caetano occupied this post for almost 42 years.
With the Carnation Revolution came the Prime Minister, which replaced the President of the Council.
Prime Ministers
The numbering of the Prime Ministers starts with the first President of the Council of Ministers of the constitutional monarchy. A second column is added after the establishment of the Republic, numbering the Prime Ministers from there to the present day. Another column is added for the numbering inside the three regimes: First Republic, the Second Republic and Third Republic, with a fourth column in the Second Republic to mark the numbering of Prime Ministers since the 1926 revolution that established the National Dictatorship and since the replacement of the National Dictatorship with the Salazarist Estado Novo. In the Third Republic, a fourth column is also used to distinguish the prime ministers of the provisional governments that existed during the period immediately following the Carnation Revolution of 1974 from the prime ministers that assumed office after the entry into force of Portugal's current democratic Constitution adopted 1976.
At the right hand side, a column indicates the official numbering of the Constitutional Governments. The numbering of the Constitutional Governments is not the same as the numbering of Prime Ministers since the Constitution because, whenever elections for a new Parliament take place, a new Constitutional Government is installed, even if the Prime Minister remains the same; however, there is also a change of Constitutional Government when the Prime Minister is replaced, even if in mid-Parliament. So, because some Prime Ministers managed to remain in office after fresh elections (thus serving as Prime Ministers under more than one Parliament), there are more Constitutional Governments than there are Prime Ministers.
The colors indicate the political affiliation of each Prime Minister.
No party
Chartist/Chamorro
Chamorro
Septemberist
Regenerator
Historic
Reformist
Regenerator/Historic
Progressist
Liberal Regenerator
Republican
Democratic
National Republican/Sidonist
Liberal Republican
National Reconstitution Republican
Nationalist Republican
Democratic Leftwing Republican
National Union/People's National Action
Socialist
Social Democratic/Democratic Alliance
Democratic and Social Centre/Democratic Alliance
Constitutional Monarchy – Second Liberalism (1834–1910) | |||||||||
# | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office — Electoral mandates |
Political party | Regierung | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Pedro de Sousa Holstein, Marquess of Palmela (1781–1850) |
24 September 1834 |
4 May 1835 |
Chartist/"Chamorro" | 1st Dev. | ||||
1834 | |||||||||
Portugal's first official Prime Minister. | |||||||||
2 | Vitório Maria de Sousa Coutinho, Count of Linhares (1790–1857) |
4 May 1835 |
27 May 1835 |
"Chamorro" | |||||
3 | João Carlos Saldanha de Oliveira e Daun, Marquess of Saldanha (1790–1876) |
27 May 1835 |
18 November 1835 |
Independent | 2nd Dev. | ||||
4 | José Jorge Loureiro (1791–1860) |
18 November 1835 |
20 April 1836 |
Independent | 3rd Dev. | ||||
5 | António José Severim de Noronha, Duke of Terceira and Marquess of Vila Flor (1792–1860) |
20 April 1836 |
10 September 1836 |
"Chamorro" | 4th Dev. | ||||
Jul.1836 | |||||||||
September 1836 Revolution. | |||||||||
6 | José da Gama Carneiro e Sousa, Count of Lumiares (1788–1849) |
10 September 1836 |
4 November 1836 |
Septemberist | 1st Set. | ||||
- | José Bernardino de Portugal e Castro, Marquess of Valença and Count of Vimioso (1780–1840) (did not take office) |
4 November 1836 |
5 November 1836 |
Independent | |||||
7 | Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, Viscount of Sá da Bandeira (1795–1876) |
5 November 1836 |
1 June 1837 |
Septemberist | 2nd Set. | ||||
Nov.1836 | |||||||||
8 | António Dias de Oliveira (1804–1863) |
1 June 1837 |
2 August 1837 |
Septemberist | 3rd Set. | ||||
Revolt of the Marshals. | |||||||||
9 | Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, Viscount of Sá da Bandeira (2nd time) (1795–1876) |
2 August 1837 |
18 April 1839 |
Septemberist | 4th Set. | ||||
1838 | |||||||||
10 | Rodrigo Pinto Pizarro de Almeida Carvalhais, Baron of Ribeira de Sabrosa (1788–1841) |
18 April 1839 |
26 November 1839 |
Septemberist | 5th Set. | ||||
11 | José Lúcio Travassos Valdez, Count of Bonfim (1787–1862) |
26 November 1839 |
9 June 1841 |
Septemberist | 6th Set. | ||||
1840 | |||||||||
12 | Joaquim António de Aguiar (1792–1884) |
9 June 1841 |
7 February 1842 |
Septemberist | 7th Set. | ||||
13 | Pedro de Sousa Holstein, Marquess of Palmela (2nd time) (1781–1850) |
7 February 1842 |
9 February 1842 |
Septemberist | G.E. | ||||
14 | António Bernardo da Costa Cabral, Count of Tomar (1803–1889) |
9 February 1842 |
20 May 1846 |
Chartist | 1st R. Cart. | ||||
1842, 1845 | |||||||||
Revolution of Maria da Fonte. | |||||||||
15 | Pedro de Sousa Holstein, Marquess of Palmela (3rd time) (1781–1850) |
20 May 1846 |
6 October 1846 |
Chartist | 2nd R. Cart. | ||||
Emboscada palace coup. | |||||||||
16 | João Carlos Saldanha de Oliveira e Daun, Duke of Saldanha (2nd time) (1790–1876) |
6 October 1846 |
18 June 1849 |
Chartist | 3rd R. Cart. | ||||
1847 | |||||||||
Patuleia or Little Civil War that resulted in a Chartist victory; Convention of Gramido. | |||||||||
17 | António Bernardo da Costa Cabral, Count of Tomar (2nd time) (1803–1889) |
18 June 1849 |
26 April 1851 |
Chartist | 4th R. Cart. | ||||
18 | António José Severim de Noronha, Duke of Terceira and Marquess of Vila Flor (2nd time) (1792–1860) |
26 April 1851 |
1 May 1851 |
Regenerator | 5th R. Cart. | ||||
19 | João Carlos Saldanha de Oliveira e Daun, Duke of Saldanha (3rd time) (1790–1876) |
1 May 1851 |
6 June 1856 |
Regenerator | 1st Reg. | ||||
1851, 1852 | |||||||||
Death of queen Maria II; Pedro V ascends the throne. | |||||||||
20 | Nuno José Severo de Mendonça Rolim de Moura Barreto, Duke of Loulé (1804–1875) |
6 June 1856 |
16 March 1859 |
Historic | 2nd Reg. | ||||
1856, 1858 | |||||||||
Opening of the first railway line in Portugal on 28 October 1856. | |||||||||
21 | António José Severim de Noronha, Duke of Terceira and Marquess of Vila Flor (3rd time) (1792–1860) |
16 March 1859 |
1 May 1860 (died) |
Regenerator | 3rd Reg. | ||||
1860 | |||||||||
22 | Joaquim António de Aguiar (2nd time) (1792–1884) |
1 May 1860 |
4 July 1860 |
Regenerator | |||||
23 | Nuno José Severo de Mendonça Rolim de Moura Barreto, Duke of Loulé (2nd time) (1804–1875) |
4 July 1860 |
17 April 1865 |
Historic | 4th Reg. | ||||
1861, 1864 | |||||||||
Death of king Pedro V; Luis I ascends the throne. | |||||||||
24 | Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, Marquess of Sá da Bandeira (3rd time) (1795–1876) |
17 April 1865 |
4 September 1865 |
Reformist | 5th Reg. | ||||
25 | Joaquim António de Aguiar (3rd time) (1792–1884) |
4 September 1865 |
4 January 1868 |
Regenerator (with the Historic Party) | 6th Reg. | ||||
1865, 1867 | |||||||||
Janeirinha uprising. | |||||||||
26 | António José de Ávila, Duke of Ávila and Bolama (1807–1881) |
4 January 1868 |
22 July 1868 |
Independent (with Reformists) |
7th Reg. | ||||
27 | Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, Marquess of Sá da Bandeira (4th time) (1795–1876) |
22 July 1868 |
11 August 1869 |
Reformist | 8th Reg. | ||||
1868, 1869 | |||||||||
28 | Nuno José Severo de Mendonça Rolim de Moura Barreto, Duke of Loulé (3rd time) (1804–1875) |
11 August 1869 |
19 May 1870 |
Historic (with Reformists) |
9th Reg. | ||||
Mar.1870 | |||||||||
29 | João Carlos Saldanha de Oliveira Daun, 1st Duke of Saldanha (4th time) (1790–1876) |
19 May 1870 |
29 August 1870 |
Regenerator | 10th Reg. | ||||
30 | Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, Marquess of Sá da Bandeira (5th time) (1795–1876) |
29 August 1870 |
29 October 1871 |
Reformist | 11th Reg. | ||||
Sep.1870 | |||||||||
31 | António José de Ávila, Marquess of Ávila (2nd time) (1807–1881) |
29 October 1870 |
13 September 1871 |
Reformist | 12th Reg. | ||||
1871 | |||||||||
32 | António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo (1819–1887) |
13 September 1871 |
6 March 1877 |
Regenerator | 13th Reg. | ||||
1874 | |||||||||
Conducted dynamic industrial and public infrastructure policy; educational reform; start of industrialization process. | |||||||||
33 | António José de Ávila, Marquess of Ávila (3rd time) (1807–1881) |
6 March 1877 |
26 January 1878 |
Reformist | 14th Reg. | ||||
34 | António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo (2nd time) (1819–1887) |
26 January 1878 |
29 May 1879 |
Regenerator | 15th Reg. | ||||
1878 | |||||||||
35 | Anselmo José Braamcamp de Almeida Castelo Branco (1819–1885) |
29 May 1879 |
23 March 1881 |
Progressist | 16th Reg. | ||||
1879 | |||||||||
36 | António Rodrigues Sampaio (1806–1882) |
23 March 1881 |
14 November 1881 |
Regenerator | 17th Reg. | ||||
37 | António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo (3rd time) (1819–1887) |
14 November 1881 |
16 February 1886 |
Regenerator | |||||
1881, 1884 | |||||||||
38 | José Luciano de Castro Pereira Côrte-Real (1834–1914) |
16 February 1886 |
14 January 1890 |
Progressist | 18th Reg. | ||||
1887, 1889 | |||||||||
Pink Map crisis; Death of king Luis I; Carlos I ascends the throne; 1890 British Ultimatum. | |||||||||
39 | António de Serpa Pimentel (1825–1900) |
14 January 1890 |
11 October 1890 |
Regenerator | 19th Reg. | ||||
1890 | |||||||||
40 | João Crisóstomo de Abreu e Sousa (1811–1895) |
11 October 1890 |
18 January 1892 |
Independent | 20th Reg. | ||||
January 31, 1891 rebellion in Porto. | |||||||||
41 | José Dias Ferreira (1837–1909) |
18 January 1892 |
22 February 1893 |
Independent | 21st Reg. | ||||
1892 | |||||||||
42 | Ernesto Rudolfo Hintze Ribeiro (1849–1907) |
22 February 1893 |
5 February 1897 |
Regenerator | 22nd Reg. | ||||
1894, 1895 | |||||||||
43 | José Luciano de Castro Pereira Côrte-Real (2nd time) (1834–1914) |
5 February 1897 |
26 July 1900 |
Progressist | 23rd Reg. | ||||
1897, 1899 | |||||||||
44 | Ernesto Rudolfo Hintze Ribeiro (2nd time) (1849–1907) |
26 July 1900 |
20 October 1904 |
Regenerator | 24th Reg. | ||||
1900, 1901, 1904 | |||||||||
45 | José Luciano de Castro Pereira Côrte-Real (3rd time) (1834–1914) |
20 October 1904 |
19 March 1906 |
Progressist | 25th Reg. | ||||
1905 | |||||||||
46 | Ernesto Rudolfo Hintze Ribeiro (3rd time) (1849–1907) |
19 March 1906 |
19 May 1906 |
Regenerator | 26th Reg. | ||||
Apr.1906 | |||||||||
47 | João Ferreira Franco Pinto Castelo-Branco (1855–1929) |
19 May 1906 |
4 February 1908 |
Liberal Regenerator | 27th Reg. | ||||
Aug.1906 | |||||||||
Establishment of an authoritarian government; Lisbon Regicide; Manuel II ascends the throne. | |||||||||
48 | Francisco Joaquim Ferreira do Amaral (1844–1923) |
4 February 1908 |
26 December 1908 |
Independent | 28th Reg. | ||||
1908 | |||||||||
49 | Artur Alberto de Campos Henriques (1853–1922) |
26 December 1908 |
11 April 1909 |
Independent (Regenerator and Progressist) |
29th Reg. | ||||
50 | Sebastião Custódio de Sousa Teles (1847–1921) |
11 April 1909 |
14 May 1909 |
Independent | 30th Reg. | ||||
51 | Venceslau de Sousa Pereira de Lima (1858–1919) |
14 May 1909 |
22 December 1909 |
Independent | 31st Reg. | ||||
52 | Francisco António da Veiga Beirão (1841–1916) |
22 December 1909 |
26 June 1910 |
Regenerator | 32nd Reg. | ||||
53 | António Teixeira de Sousa (1857–1917) |
26 June 1910 |
5 October 1910 |
Regenerator | 33rd Reg. | ||||
1910 | |||||||||
5 October 1910 revolution; End of Monarchy; royal family exile. | |||||||||
First Republic (1910–1926) | |||||||||
# | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office — Electoral mandates |
Political party | Regierung | ||||
54 | Joaquim Teófilo Fernandes Braga (1843–1924) |
5 October 1910 |
4 September 1911 |
Republican | 1st | ||||
1911 | |||||||||
5 October 1910 revolution. | |||||||||
55 | João Pinheiro Chagas (1863–1925) |
4 September 1911 |
13 November 1911 |
Republican | 2nd | ||||
56 | Augusto César de Almeida de Vasconcelos Correia (1867–1951) |
13 November 1911 |
16 June 1912 |
Republican | 3rd | ||||
57 | Duarte Leite Pereira da Silva (1864–1950) |
16 June 1912 |
23 September 1912 |
Republican | 4th | ||||
Royalist attack on Chaves. | |||||||||
- | Augusto César de Almeida de Vasconcelos Correia (interim) (1867–1951) |
23 September 1912 |
30 September 1912 |
Republican | |||||
Duarte Leite Pereira da Silva (1864–1950) |
30 September 1912 |
9 January 1913 |
Republican | ||||||
58 | Afonso Augusto da Costa (1871–1937) |
9 January 1913 |
9 February 1914 |
Democratic | 5th | ||||
59 | Bernardino Luís Machado Guimarães (1851–1944) |
9 February 1914 |
12 December 1914 |
Democratic | 6th, 7th | ||||
Portugal in the World War I. | |||||||||
60 | "Vítor Hugo" de Azevedo Coutinho (1871–1955) |
12 December 1914 |
28 January 1915 |
Democratic | 8th | ||||
61 | Joaquim Pereira Pimenta de Castro (1846–1918) |
28 January 1915 |
14 May 1915 |
Independent | 9th | ||||
- | Constitutional Junta composed of: José Norton de Matos António Maria da Silva José de Freitas Ribeiro Alfredo de Sá Cardoso Álvaro de Castro |
14 May 1915 |
15 May 1915 |
None | |||||
- | João Pinheiro Chagas (did not take office) (1863–1925) |
15 May 1915 |
17 May 1915 |
Independent | 10th, 11th | ||||
62 | José Augusto Soares Ribeiro de Castro (1868–1929) |
17 May 1915 |
29 November 1915 |
Democratic | |||||
1915 | |||||||||
63 | Afonso Augusto da Costa (2nd time) (1871–1937) |
29 November 1915 |
16 March 1916 |
Democratic | 12th | ||||
64 | António José de Almeida (1866–1929) |
16 March 1916 |
25 April 1917 |
Sacred Union (Evolutionist Republican with the Democrats) |
13th | ||||
65 | Afonso Augusto da Costa (1871–1937) |
25 April 1917 |
7 October 1917 |
Democratic | 14th | ||||
- | José Maria Mendes Ribeiro Norton de Matos (interim) (1867–1955) |
7 October 1917 |
25 October 1917 |
Democratic | |||||
Afonso Augusto da Costa (1871–1937) |
25 October 1917 |
17 November 1917 |
Democratic | ||||||
José Maria Mendes Ribeiro Norton de Matos (interim) (1867–1955) |
17 November 1917 |
8 December 1917 |
Democratic | ||||||
66 | Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais (1872–1918) |
8 December 1917 |
14 December 1918 (died) |
National Republican | 15th, 16th | ||||
1918 | |||||||||
Known as the President-King; establishment of an authoritarian regime; assassinated. | |||||||||
67 | João do Canto e Castro da Silva Antunes Júnior (1862–1934) |
14 December 1918 |
23 December 1918 |
National Republican | |||||
68 | File:João Tamagnini Barbosa.jpg | João Tamagnini de Sousa Barbosa (1883–1948) |
23 December 1918 |
27 January 1919 |
National Republican | 17th, 18th | |||
Monarchy of the North. | |||||||||
69 | José Maria Mascarenhas Relvas (1858–1929) |
27 January 1919 |
30 March 1919 |
Independent | 19th | ||||
70 | Domingos Leite Pereira (1882–1956) |
30 March 1919 |
30 June 1919 |
Independent | 20th | ||||
71 | Alfredo Ernesto de Sá Cardoso (reconducted) (1864–1950) |
30 June 1919 |
15 January 1920 |
Democratic | 21st | ||||
1919 | |||||||||
- | Francisco José Fernandes Costa (did not take office) (1857–1925) |
15 January 1920 |
Liberal Republican | 22nd | |||||
- | Alfredo Ernesto de Sá Cardoso (reconducted) (1864–1950) |
15 January 1920 |
21 January 1920 |
Democratic | 21st | ||||
72 | Domingos Leite Pereira (2nd time) (1882–1956) |
21 January 1920 |
8 March 1920 |
Independent | 23rd | ||||
73 | António Maria Baptista (1866–1920) |
8 March 1920 |
6 June 1920 (died) |
Democratic | 24th | ||||
74 | José Ramos Preto (1871–1949) |
6 June 1920 |
26 June 1920 |
Democratic | |||||
75 | António Maria da Silva (1872–1950) |
26 June 1920 |
19 July 1920 |
Democratic (with the Socialists and Populars) |
25th | ||||
76 | António Joaquim Granjo (1881–1921) |
19 July 1920 |
20 November 1920 |
Liberal Republican (with the National Reconstitution Republicans) |
26th | ||||
77 | Álvaro Xavier de Castro (1878–1928) |
20 November 1920 |
30 November 1920 |
Democratic (with National Reconstitution Republicans and Populars) |
27th | ||||
78 | Liberato Damião Ribeiro Pinto (1880–1949) |
30 November 1920 |
2 March 1921 |
Democratic (with National Reconstitution Republicans and Populars) |
28th | ||||
79 | Bernardino Luís Machado Guimarães (2nd time) (1851–1944) |
2 March 1921 |
23 May 1921 |
Democratic (with National Reconstitution Republicans and Populars) |
29th | ||||
80 | Tomé José de Barros Queirós (1872–1925) |
23 May 1921 |
30 August 1921 |
Liberal Republican | 30th | ||||
81 | António Joaquim Granjo (2nd time) (1881–1921) |
30 August 1921 |
19 October 1921 |
Liberal Republican | 31st | ||||
1921 | |||||||||
82 | António Manuel Maria Coelho (1857–1943) |
19 October 1921 |
5 November 1921 |
Independent | 32nd | ||||
83 | Carlos Henrique da Silva Maia Pinto (1866–1932) |
5 November 1921 |
16 December 1921 |
Independent | 33rd | ||||
84 | File:Francisco Cunha Leal.jpg | Francisco Pinto da Cunha Leal (1888–1970) |
16 December 1921 |
7 February 1922 |
Democratic | 34th | |||
85 | António Maria da Silva (2nd time) (1872–1950) |
7 February 1922 |
15 November 1923 |
Democratic | 35th, 36th, 37th | ||||
1922 | |||||||||
86 | António Ginestal Machado (1874–1940) |
15 November 1923 |
18 December 1923 |
Nationalist Republican | 38th | ||||
87 | Álvaro Xavier de Castro (2nd time) (1878–1928) |
18 December 1923 |
7 July 1924 |
Nationalist Republican (with the Democratics) |
39th | ||||
88 | Alfredo Rodrigues Gaspar (1865–1938) |
7 July 1924 |
22 November 1924 |
Democratic | 40th | ||||
89 | José Domingues dos Santos (1885–1958) |
22 November 1924 |
15 February 1925 |
Democratic Leftwing Republican | 41st | ||||
90 | Vitorino Máximo de Carvalho Guimarães (1876–1957) |
15 February 1925 |
1 July 1925 |
Democratic | 42nd | ||||
91 | António Maria da Silva (3rd time) (1872–1950) |
1 July 1925 |
1 August 1925 |
Democratic | 43rd | ||||
92 | Domingos Leite Pereira (3rd time) (1882–1956) |
1 August 1925 |
18 December 1925 |
Democratic | 44th | ||||
93 | António Maria da Silva (4th time) (1872–1950) |
18 December 1925 |
30 May 1926 |
Democratic | 45th | ||||
1925 | |||||||||
28 May 1926 coup d'état. | |||||||||
Second Republic (1926–1974) | |||||||||
# | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office — Electoral mandates |
Political party | Regierung | ||||
Ditadura Nacional – Military Dictatorship (1926–1932) | |||||||||
94 | José Mendes Cabeçadas Júnior (1883–1965) |
30 May 1926 |
19 June 1926 |
None | 1st Dict. | ||||
28 May 1926 coup d'état. | |||||||||
95 | Manuel de Oliveira Gomes da Costa (1863–1929) |
19 June 1926 |
9 July 1926 |
None | 2nd Dict. | ||||
96 | António Óscar Fragoso Carmona (1869–1951) |
9 July 1926 |
18 April 1928 |
None | 3rd Dict. | ||||
97 | José Vicente de Freitas (1869–1952) |
18 April 1928 |
8 July 1929 |
None | 4th Dict. 5th Dict. | ||||
98 | File:Artur Ivens Ferraz.jpg | Artur Ivens Ferraz (1870–1933) |
8 July 1929 |
21 January 1930 |
None | 6th Dict. | |||
99 | Domingos Augusto Alves da Costa e Oliveira (1873–1957) |
21 January 1930 |
5 July 1932 |
National Union | 7th Dict. | ||||
Estado Novo – New State (1932–1974) | |||||||||
100 | António de Oliveira Salazar (1889–1970) |
5 July 1932 |
25 September 1968 |
National Union | 8th Dict. 9th Dict. 10th Dict. | ||||
1934, 1938, 1942, 1945, 1949, 1953, 1957, 1961, 1965 | |||||||||
Dictator; Spanish Civil War; Portugal neutrality during World War II; Marshall Plan; Repression of civil liberties and political freedoms; co-founder of United Nations, NATO, OCDE and EFTA; loss of Portuguese India; Portuguese Colonial War; 1962 Academic Crisis; Replaced after suffering a brain hemorrhage. | |||||||||
101 | Marcello José das Neves Alves Caetano (1906–1980) |
25 September 1968 |
25 April 1974 |
National Union (in 1970 renamed People's National Action) |
11th Dict. | ||||
1969, 1973 | |||||||||
Portuguese Colonial War; Carnation Revolution |
Third Republic (1974–present) | ||||||||||
# | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office — Electoral mandates |
Political party | Elected | Regierung | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Provisional Governments of the Revolutionary Period (1974–1976) | ||||||||||
- | National Salvation Junta composed of: António de Spínola Francisco da Costa Gomes Jaime Silvério Marques Diogo Neto Carlos Galvão de Melo José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo António Rosa Coutinho |
25 April 1974 |
16 May 1974 |
None | ||||||
102 | Adelino da Palma Carlos (1905–1992) |
16 May 1974 |
18 July 1974 |
Independent | Prov. I | |||||
103 | Vasco dos Santos Gonçalves (1922–2005) |
18 July 1974 |
19 September 1975 |
Independent | Prov. II Prov. III Prov. IV Prov. V | |||||
1975 Cst. | ||||||||||
Nationalization of banks and insurance companies after the events of 11 March 1975; Land reform; Introduction of a minimum wage; PREC | ||||||||||
104 | José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo (1917–1983) |
19 September 1975 |
23 June 1976 |
Independent | Prov. VI | |||||
Coup of 25 November 1975; Approval of the new Constitution. | ||||||||||
- | Vasco Fernando Leotte de Almeida e Costa (interim [1]) (1932–2010) |
23 June 1976 |
23 July 1976 |
Independent | ||||||
Prime Ministers heading Constitutional Governments (1976–Present[update]) | ||||||||||
rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Socialist Party (Portugal)/meta/color; color:white;" rowspan=3 | 105 | Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares (1924–) |
23 July 1976 |
28 August 1978 |
Socialist Party PS (from 1977 with the Democratic and Social Centre) |
1976 | I II | ||||
— | II PS—[[ | |||||||||
First democratically elected prime minister; 1976-1978 economic crisis; International Monetary Fund loan; Submission of the candidacy of Portugal to the EEC. | ||||||||||
106 | Alfredo Jorge Nobre da Costa (1923–1996) |
28 August 1978 |
22 November 1978 |
Independent | — | III | ||||
Appointed by Presidential nomination. Resigned after his cabinet failed to gain Assembly majority. | ||||||||||
107 | Carlos Alberto da Mota Pinto (1936–1985) |
22 November 1978 |
1 August 1979 |
Independent (Social Democratic) |
— | IV | ||||
Appointed by presidential nomination. | ||||||||||
108 | Maria de Lourdes Ruivo da Silva de Matos Pintasilgo (1930–2004) |
1 August 1979 |
3 January 1980 |
Independent | — | V | ||||
Appointed by presidential nomination. Only female Prime Minister of Portugal. | ||||||||||
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Social Democratic Party (Portugal)/meta/color; color:white;" |109 | Francisco Manuel Lumbrales de Sá Carneiro (1934–1980) |
3 January 1980 |
4 December 1980 (died) |
Social Democratic Party PSD (within Democratic Alliance) |
1979 1980 |
VI | ||||
First center-right Prime Minister since the Revolution; 1980 Azores Islands earthquake; Died in a tragic plane crash. The accident triggered a number of conspiracy theories. | ||||||||||
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Democratic and Social Centre – People´s Party/meta/color; color:white;" | 110 | Diogo Pinto de Freitas do Amaral (interim) (1941–) |
4 December 1980 |
9 January 1981 |
Democratic and Social Centre CDS (within Democratic Alliance) |
— | (VI) | ||||
Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister under Francisco Sá Carneiro; interim Prime Minister upon Sá Carneiro's death. | ||||||||||
rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Social Democratic Party (Portugal)/meta/color; color:white;" |111 | Francisco José Pereira Pinto Balsemão (1937–) |
9 January 1981 |
9 June 1983 |
Social Democratic Party PSD (within Democratic Alliance) |
— | VII | ||||
VIII | ||||||||||
1982 constitutional revision. | ||||||||||
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Socialist Party (Portugal)/meta/color; color:white;" | 112 | Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares (2nd time) (1924–) |
9 June 1983 |
6 November 1985 |
Socialist Party PS |
1983 | IX PS—PSD | ||||
Central Block coalition; Portugal's entry to the EEC; 1983-1985 economic crisis; International Monetary Fund loan; Moimenta-Alcafache train crash. | ||||||||||
rowspan="4" style="background:Template:Social Democratic Party (Portugal)/meta/color; color:white;" |113 | Aníbal António Cavaco Silva (1939–) |
6 November 1985 |
28 October 1995 |
Social Democratic Party PSD |
1985 | X | ||||
1987 | XI | |||||||||
1991 | XII | |||||||||
Longest serving prime minister in democracy; economic expansion; privatization of many previously government-owned industries; 1989 and 1992 constitutional revisions; "Secos e molhados" police protests; Maastricht Treaty; end of the Cold War; Early 1990s recession; Riots against tolls on Ponte 25 de Abril. | ||||||||||
rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Socialist Party (Portugal)/meta/color; color:white;" rowspan=3 | 114 | António Manuel de Oliveira Guterres (1949–) |
28 October 1995 |
6 April 2002 |
Socialist Party PS |
1995 | XIII | ||||
1999 | XIV | |||||||||
Expo 98; Macau handover; East Timor issue; 1997 and 2001 constitutional revisions; Hintze Ribeiro disaster; Portugal joins the European single currency; Resigns after a disastrous result in the 2001 local elections. | ||||||||||
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Social Democratic Party (Portugal)/meta/color; color:white;" |115 | José Manuel Durão Barroso (1956–) |
6 April 2002 |
17 July 2004 |
Social Democratic Party PSD |
2002 | XV PSD—CDS-PP | ||||
Prestige disaster; Casa Pia child sexual abuse scandal; Iraq War; UEFA Euro 2004; 2004 constitutional revision; Resigns to become President of the European Commission. | ||||||||||
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Social Democratic Party (Portugal)/meta/color; color:white;" |116 | File:Pedro Miguel Santana Lopes.jpg | Pedro Miguel de Santana Lopes (1956–) |
17 July 2004 |
12 March 2005 |
Social Democratic Party PSD |
— | XVI PSD—CDS-PP | |||
Mayor of Lisbon (2002-2004), (2005); Replaced Durão Barroso as Prime Minister; Resigns due to the dissolution of Parliament by the President. | ||||||||||
rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Socialist Party (Portugal)/meta/color; color:white;" rowspan=3 | 117 | José Sócrates de Carvalho Pinto de Sousa (1957–) |
12 March 2005 |
21 June 2011 |
Socialist Party PS |
2005 | XVII | ||||
2009 | XVIII | |||||||||
First time the Socialist Party won an absolute majority; 2005 constitutional revision; 2007 Abortion referendum; Treaty of Lisbon; Independente affair; Face Oculta scandal; Same-sex marriage legislation; 2011 Portuguese protests; 2010–13 Portuguese financial crisis. | ||||||||||
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Social Democratic Party (Portugal)/meta/color; color:white;" |118 | Pedro Manuel Mamede Passos Coelho (1964–) |
21 June 2011 |
Incumbent | Social Democratic Party PSD |
2011 | XIX PSD—CDS-PP | ||||
Elected during the 2010–13 Portuguese financial crisis; September 15, 2012 mass protests; European Fiscal Union approval; 2013 governmental crisis and government reshuffle. |