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{{Short description|Royal Navy Admiral of the Fleet (1913-1970)}}
[[[Admiral of the Fleet]] Sir '''Michael LeFanu''' ([[August 2]],[[1913]]-[[November 28]],[[1970]]) was a [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Royal Navy]] [[admiral]] who was appointed in [[1970]] to become [[Chief of the Defence Staff]] but never managed to hold the office because he was suddenly discovered to be terminally ill and retired shortly before his death.
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox military person
| honorific_prefix = [[Admiral of the Fleet (Royal Navy)|Admiral of the Fleet]]
| name = Sir Michael Le Fanu
| image = Mlefanu.jpg
| caption = Then Rear Admiral Michael Le Fanu
| birth_date = {{birth date|1913|08|02|df=y}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1970|11|28|1913|08|02|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Lindfield, Sussex|Lindfield]], England
| death_place = [[London]], England
| nickname = "Dry Ginger"
| allegiance = United Kingdom
| branch = [[Royal Navy]]
| serviceyears = 1926–1970
| rank = [[Admiral of the Fleet (Royal Navy)|Admiral of the Fleet]]
| unit =
| commands = [[First Sea Lord]]<br/>Middle East<br/>{{HMS|Eagle|R05|6}}<br/>{{HMS|Ganges|shore establishment|6}}<br/>{{HMS|Relentless|H85|6}}
| battles = [[Second World War]]
* [[Norwegian campaign]]
* [[Battle of the Mediterranean]]
[[Aden Emergency]]
| awards = [[Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath]]<br/>[[Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)|Distinguished Service Cross]]<br/>[[Mentioned in Despatches]]<br/>[[Legion of Merit]] (United States)
| laterwork =
}}
[[Admiral of the Fleet (Royal Navy)|Admiral of the Fleet]] '''Sir Michael Le Fanu''' {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=,|GCB|DSC}} (2 August 1913 – 28 November 1970) was a [[Royal Navy]] officer. He fought in the [[Second World War]] as gunnery officer in a [[cruiser]] operating in the [[Home Fleet]] during the [[Norwegian campaign]] and the [[Battle of the Mediterranean]] and then as gunnery officer in a battleship operating in the [[Eastern Fleet]] before becoming liaison officer between the [[British Pacific Fleet]] and the [[United States Third Fleet]]. After the War he commanded a [[frigate]], a training establishment and an [[aircraft carrier]]. He served as [[First Sea Lord]] and Chief of the Naval Staff in the late 1960s. In that role, in the face of economic difficulties, he worked hard to reshape the Navy as an anti-submarine force operating primarily in the [[Atlantic Ocean]].


==Early life==
He is the subject of a biography titled ''Dry Ginger''.
Born the son of [[Captain (Royal Navy)|Captain]] Hugh Barrington Le Fanu [[Royal Navy|RN]] (of [[Huguenot]] descent) and Georgiana Harriott Le Fanu (née Kingscote),<ref name=odnb>{{cite ODNB|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/34475?docPos=3|title=Michael Le Fanu|year=2004 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/34475 |access-date=9 September 2012}}</ref> Le Fanu was educated at [[Bedford School]] and the [[Britannia Royal Naval College|Royal Naval College, Dartmouth]].<ref name=heath153>Heathcote, p. 153</ref>


==Naval career==
{{msg:stub}}
Le Fanu joined the [[Royal Navy]] as a [[cadet]] in 1926 and was posted to the [[cruiser]] {{HMS|Dorsetshire|40|6}} in the [[Atlantic Fleet (United Kingdom)|Atlantic Fleet]] before being promoted to [[midshipman]] on 1 September 1931 and being posted to the cruiser [[HMS York (90)|HMS ''York'']].<ref name=heath153/> Promoted to [[sub-lieutenant]] on 1 May 1934,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=34143|date=19 March 1935|page=1904}}</ref> he joined the [[destroyer]] [[HMS Whitshed (D77)|HMS ''Whitshed'']] in the [[Mediterranean Fleet]] in March 1935 and was promoted to [[lieutenant]] on 1 June 1935.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=34211|date=25 October 1935|page=6698}}</ref> He was posted to the destroyer [[HMS Bulldog (H91)|HMS ''Bulldog'']] in the [[Home Fleet]] in September 1936 before training as a gunnery specialist during 1938 and then being posted to the staff of the Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet.<ref name=heath154>Heathcote, p. 154</ref>

[[File:HMS Howe (32) passing Suez Canal 1944.jpg|thumb|left|The battleship {{HMS|Howe|32|6}} in which Le Fanu served as gunnery officer during the Second World War]]
Le Fanu served in the Second World War being posted to the cruiser {{HMS|Aurora|12|6}} operating in the [[Home Fleet]] as gunnery officer in December 1939.<ref name=heath154/> While aboard ''Aurora'', he was [[mentioned in despatches]] for his services during the [[Norwegian campaign]] in Spring 1940<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=34953|date=26 September 1940|page=5710|supp=y}}</ref> and awarded the [[Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)|Distinguished Service Cross]] for his actions in November 1941 when an Italian convoy was destroyed during the [[Battle of the Mediterranean]].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=35466|date=24 February 1942|page=901|supp=y}}</ref>

[[File:09 HMS Eagle Mediterranean Jan1970.jpg|thumb|left|The aircraft carrier {{HMS|Eagle|R05|6}} which Le Fanu commanded in the late 1950s]]
Promoted to [[lieutenant commander]] on 1 June 1942,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=35817|date=8 December 1942|page=5353}}</ref> Le Fanu joined the gunnery staff of the Commander-in-Chief [[Home Fleet]] that month and then transferred to the [[battleship]] {{HMS|Howe|32|6}} operating as part of the [[Eastern Fleet]] as gunnery officer in March 1944.<ref name=heath154/> Promoted to [[commander]] on 31 December 1944,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=36880|date=5 January 1945|page=230}}</ref> he was posted as liaison officer between the [[British Pacific Fleet]] and the [[United States Third Fleet]] in January 1945 and was awarded the United States [[Legion of Merit]] for his actions.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=37805|date=3 December 1946|page=5912|supp=y}}</ref> He was also invited to attend the signing of the [[Japanese Instrument of Surrender]] in the [[USS Missouri (BB-63)|USS ''Missouri'']] on 2 September 1945.<ref name=heath154/>

After the War Le Fanu served on the experimental staff at the shore establishment [[HMS Excellent (shore establishment)|HMS ''Excellent'']] and in 1948 he became executive officer in the cruiser [[HMS Superb (25)|HMS ''Superb'']].<ref name=heath154/> He was promoted to [[Captain (Royal Navy)|captain]] on 30 June 1949<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=38658|date=5 July 1949|page=3300}}</ref> and became Naval Assistant to the [[First Sea Lord]] at the [[British Admiralty|Admiralty]].<ref name=heath154/> He was given command of the [[frigate]] {{HMS|Relentless|H85|6}} as Captain (F) of the Third Training Squadron in October 1951, and returned to the Admiralty to join the staff of the Chief Scientist in 1952.<ref name=heath154/> He attended the [[Royal College of Defence Studies|Imperial Defence College]] in 1953 and became commanding officer of the training establishment [[HMS Ganges (shore establishment)|HMS ''Ganges'']] at [[Harwich]] in December 1954.<ref name=heath154/> He was given command of the [[aircraft carrier]] {{HMS|Eagle|R05|6}} in February 1957 and was promoted to [[rear admiral]] on 7 July 1958<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=41516|date=7 October 1958|page=6110}}</ref> on appointment as Director-General, Weapons at the Admiralty.<ref name=heath154/> He was appointed a [[Companion of the Order of the Bath]] in the 1960 [[Birthday Honours]].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=42051|date=11 June 1960|page=3974|supp=y}}</ref> He became [[Flag Officer Second in Command Far East Fleet]] in July 1960 and was promoted to [[vice admiral]] on 25 October 1961<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=42516|date=17 November 1961|page=8344}}</ref> on appointment as [[Third Sea Lord|Controller of the Navy]].<ref name=heath155>Heathcote, p. 155</ref> Advanced to [[Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath]] in the 1963 [[Birthday Honours]]<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=43010|date=31 May 1963|page=4794|supp=y}}</ref> and promoted to full [[admiral]] on 29 September 1965,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=43819|date=19 November 1965|page=10842}}</ref> he became Commander-in-Chief, Middle East in December 1965.<ref name=heath155/> In that role he served as Joint Commander of the three services in the Middle East during the evacuation of British Nationals during the [[Aden Emergency]].<ref name=heath155/>

Advanced to [[Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath]] in the 1968 [[New Year Honours]],<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=44484|date=29 December 1967|page=2|supp=y}}</ref> Le Fanu became [[First Sea Lord]] and Chief of the Naval Staff in August 1968.<ref name=heath155/> In the face of economic difficulties he worked hard to reshape the Navy as an anti-submarine force operating primarily in the [[Atlantic Ocean]].<ref name=heath155/> He was nominated for the post of [[Chief of the Defence Staff (United Kingdom)|Chief of the Defence Staff]] but never held the office because he was suddenly discovered to be terminally ill with [[Chronic lymphocytic leukemia|Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia]] (CLL).<ref name=heath155/> He was promoted to [[Admiral of the Fleet (Royal Navy)|Admiral of the Fleet]] on 3 July 1970,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=45138|date=26 June 1970|page=7183|supp=y}}</ref> on his retirement, and died in [[London]] on 28 November 1970.<ref name=heath155/>

==Family==
In 1943 Le Fanu married Prudence Grace Morgan, daughter of Admiral Sir Llewellyn Vaughan Morgan; they had two sons and a daughter.<ref name=bio>{{cite web|url=http://www.royalnavalmuseum.org/info_sheets_michael_lefanu.htm|title=Michael Le Fanu|publisher=Royal Naval Museum|access-date=9 September 2012}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
* {{cite book |last=Heathcote |first=Tony |title=The British Admirals of the Fleet 1734 – 1995 |publisher=Pen & Sword Ltd |year=2002 |isbn=0-85052-835-6}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book|last=Baker|first=Richard|title=Dry Ginger – The biography of Admiral of the Fleet Sir Michael Le Fanu|publisher=W.H. Allan|date=1977|isbn=0-491-01788-X}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-mil}}
{{succession box | title=[[Third Sea Lord|Third Sea Lord and Controller of the Navy]] | before=[[Peter Reid (Royal Navy officer)|Sir Peter Reid]] | after=[[Horace Law|Sir Horace Law]] | years=1961–1965}}
{{succession box|title=[[First Sea Lord]]|before=[[Varyl Begg|Sir Varyl Begg]]|after=[[Peter Hill-Norton, Baron Hill-Norton|Sir Peter Hill-Norton]]|years=1968–1970}}
{{s-end}}

{{First Sea Lord}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Le Fanu, Michael}}
[[Category:1913 births]]
[[Category:1970 deaths]]
[[Category:Graduates of the Royal College of Defence Studies]]
[[Category:Graduates of Britannia Royal Naval College]]
[[Category:First Sea Lords and Chiefs of the Naval Staff]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath]]
[[Category:Lords of the Admiralty]]
[[Category:People educated at Bedford School]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath]]
[[Category:Officers of the Legion of Merit]]
[[Category:Royal Navy admirals of the fleet]]
[[Category:People from Lindfield, West Sussex]]
[[Category:Royal Navy officers of World War II]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Aden Emergency]]
[[Category:Military personnel from West Sussex]]
[[Category:Deaths from chronic lymphocytic leukemia]]
[[Category:Deaths from leukemia in England]]

Latest revision as of 15:18, 25 April 2024

Admiral of the Fleet

Sir Michael Le Fanu
Then Rear Admiral Michael Le Fanu
Nickname(s)"Dry Ginger"
Born(1913-08-02)2 August 1913
Lindfield, England
Died28 November 1970(1970-11-28) (aged 57)
London, England
AllegianceVereinigtes Königreich
Service/branchRoyal Navy
Years of service1926–1970
RankAdmiral of the Fleet
Commands heldFirst Sea Lord
Middle East
HMS Eagle
HMS Ganges
HMS Relentless
Battles/warsSecond World War Aden Emergency
AwardsKnight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Distinguished Service Cross
Mentioned in Despatches
Legion of Merit (United States)

Admiral of the Fleet Sir Michael Le Fanu GCB, DSC (2 August 1913 – 28 November 1970) was a Royal Navy officer. He fought in the Second World War as gunnery officer in a cruiser operating in the Home Fleet during the Norwegian campaign and the Battle of the Mediterranean and then as gunnery officer in a battleship operating in the Eastern Fleet before becoming liaison officer between the British Pacific Fleet and the United States Third Fleet. After the War he commanded a frigate, a training establishment and an aircraft carrier. He served as First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff in the late 1960s. In that role, in the face of economic difficulties, he worked hard to reshape the Navy as an anti-submarine force operating primarily in the Atlantic Ocean.

Early life

[edit]

Born the son of Captain Hugh Barrington Le Fanu RN (of Huguenot descent) and Georgiana Harriott Le Fanu (née Kingscote),[1] Le Fanu was educated at Bedford School and the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth.[2]

[edit]

Le Fanu joined the Royal Navy as a cadet in 1926 and was posted to the cruiser HMS Dorsetshire in the Atlantic Fleet before being promoted to midshipman on 1 September 1931 and being posted to the cruiser HMS York.[2] Promoted to sub-lieutenant on 1 May 1934,[3] he joined the destroyer HMS Whitshed in the Mediterranean Fleet in March 1935 and was promoted to lieutenant on 1 June 1935.[4] He was posted to the destroyer HMS Bulldog in the Home Fleet in September 1936 before training as a gunnery specialist during 1938 and then being posted to the staff of the Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet.[5]

The battleship HMS Howe in which Le Fanu served as gunnery officer during the Second World War

Le Fanu served in the Second World War being posted to the cruiser HMS Aurora operating in the Home Fleet as gunnery officer in December 1939.[5] While aboard Aurora, he was mentioned in despatches for his services during the Norwegian campaign in Spring 1940[6] and awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for his actions in November 1941 when an Italian convoy was destroyed during the Battle of the Mediterranean.[7]

The aircraft carrier HMS Eagle which Le Fanu commanded in the late 1950s

Promoted to lieutenant commander on 1 June 1942,[8] Le Fanu joined the gunnery staff of the Commander-in-Chief Home Fleet that month and then transferred to the battleship HMS Howe operating as part of the Eastern Fleet as gunnery officer in March 1944.[5] Promoted to commander on 31 December 1944,[9] he was posted as liaison officer between the British Pacific Fleet and the United States Third Fleet in January 1945 and was awarded the United States Legion of Merit for his actions.[10] He was also invited to attend the signing of the Japanese Instrument of Surrender in the USS Missouri on 2 September 1945.[5]

After the War Le Fanu served on the experimental staff at the shore establishment HMS Excellent and in 1948 he became executive officer in the cruiser HMS Superb.[5] He was promoted to captain on 30 June 1949[11] and became Naval Assistant to the First Sea Lord at the Admiralty.[5] He was given command of the frigate HMS Relentless as Captain (F) of the Third Training Squadron in October 1951, and returned to the Admiralty to join the staff of the Chief Scientist in 1952.[5] He attended the Imperial Defence College in 1953 and became commanding officer of the training establishment HMS Ganges at Harwich in December 1954.[5] He was given command of the aircraft carrier HMS Eagle in February 1957 and was promoted to rear admiral on 7 July 1958[12] on appointment as Director-General, Weapons at the Admiralty.[5] He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in the 1960 Birthday Honours.[13] He became Flag Officer Second in Command Far East Fleet in July 1960 and was promoted to vice admiral on 25 October 1961[14] on appointment as Controller of the Navy.[15] Advanced to Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in the 1963 Birthday Honours[16] and promoted to full admiral on 29 September 1965,[17] he became Commander-in-Chief, Middle East in December 1965.[15] In that role he served as Joint Commander of the three services in the Middle East during the evacuation of British Nationals during the Aden Emergency.[15]

Advanced to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath in the 1968 New Year Honours,[18] Le Fanu became First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff in August 1968.[15] In the face of economic difficulties he worked hard to reshape the Navy as an anti-submarine force operating primarily in the Atlantic Ocean.[15] He was nominated for the post of Chief of the Defence Staff but never held the office because he was suddenly discovered to be terminally ill with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (CLL).[15] He was promoted to Admiral of the Fleet on 3 July 1970,[19] on his retirement, and died in London on 28 November 1970.[15]

Family

[edit]

In 1943 Le Fanu married Prudence Grace Morgan, daughter of Admiral Sir Llewellyn Vaughan Morgan; they had two sons and a daughter.[20]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ "Michael Le Fanu". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/34475. Retrieved 9 September 2012. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  2. ^ a b Heathcote, p. 153
  3. ^ "No. 34143". The London Gazette. 19 March 1935. p. 1904.
  4. ^ "No. 34211". The London Gazette. 25 October 1935. p. 6698.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i Heathcote, p. 154
  6. ^ "No. 34953". The London Gazette (Supplement). 26 September 1940. p. 5710.
  7. ^ "No. 35466". The London Gazette (Supplement). 24 February 1942. p. 901.
  8. ^ "No. 35817". The London Gazette. 8 December 1942. p. 5353.
  9. ^ "No. 36880". The London Gazette. 5 January 1945. p. 230.
  10. ^ "No. 37805". The London Gazette (Supplement). 3 December 1946. p. 5912.
  11. ^ "No. 38658". The London Gazette. 5 July 1949. p. 3300.
  12. ^ "No. 41516". The London Gazette. 7 October 1958. p. 6110.
  13. ^ "No. 42051". The London Gazette (Supplement). 11 June 1960. p. 3974.
  14. ^ "No. 42516". The London Gazette. 17 November 1961. p. 8344.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g Heathcote, p. 155
  16. ^ "No. 43010". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 May 1963. p. 4794.
  17. ^ "No. 43819". The London Gazette. 19 November 1965. p. 10842.
  18. ^ "No. 44484". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 December 1967. p. 2.
  19. ^ "No. 45138". The London Gazette (Supplement). 26 June 1970. p. 7183.
  20. ^ "Michael Le Fanu". Royal Naval Museum. Retrieved 9 September 2012.

Sources

[edit]
  • Heathcote, Tony (2002). The British Admirals of the Fleet 1734 – 1995. Pen & Sword Ltd. ISBN 0-85052-835-6.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Baker, Richard (1977). Dry Ginger – The biography of Admiral of the Fleet Sir Michael Le Fanu. W.H. Allan. ISBN 0-491-01788-X.
Military offices
Preceded by Third Sea Lord and Controller of the Navy
1961–1965 		Succeeded by
Preceded by First Sea Lord
1968–1970 		Succeeded by
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