Slovenian Territorial Defence: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Former military forces of Slovenia (1990–94)}} |
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{{Refimprove|date=April 2010}} |
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{{Infobox national military |
{{Infobox national military |
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|country={{SLO}} |
|country={{SLO}} |
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| name=Territorial Defense of the Republic of Slovenia<!-- Full name of armed forces in English --> |
| name=Territorial Defense of the Republic of Slovenia<!-- Full name of armed forces in English --> |
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| native_name =Teritorialna obramba Republike Slovenije<!-- Full name of armed forces in national Language --> |
| native_name ={{lang|sl|Teritorialna obramba Republike Slovenije}}<!-- Full name of armed forces in national Language --> |
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⚫ | |||
| image=<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:TORS.gif|200px]] --> |
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| founded= 1990 |
| founded= 1990 |
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⚫ | |||
| disbanded= 1994 |
| disbanded= 1994 |
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| branches= |
| branches= |
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| headquarters=[[Ljubljana]] |
| headquarters=[[Ljubljana]] |
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| commander-in-chief= [[President of Slovenia|President]] [[Milan Kučan]] ( |
| commander-in-chief= [[President of Slovenia|President]] [[Milan Kučan]] (1990–1994) |
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| minister= [[Janez Janša]] ( |
| minister= [[Janez Janša]] (1990–1994) |
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| commander= Janez Slapar ( |
| commander= Janez Slapar (1991–1993)<br>[[Albin Gutman]] (1993–1994) |
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| commander_title= Chief of staff |
| commander_title= Chief of staff |
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| age=15 |
| age=15 |
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| ranks= |
| ranks= |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''Territorial Defense of the Republic of Slovenia''', also known as the '''Territorial Defense of Slovenia''' ( |
The '''Territorial Defense of the Republic of Slovenia''' ({{lang-sl|Teritorialna obramba Republike Slovenije}} ('''TO RS''')), also known as the '''Territorial Defense of Slovenia''' (Slovenian: ''Teritorialna obramba Slovenije [TOS]''), was the predecessor of the [[Slovenian Armed Forces]]. It was named after the [[Territorial Defense (Yugoslavia)|Yugoslav Territorial Defense]]. |
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== History == |
== History == |
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[[File:Postroj 30. razvojne skupine v Kočevski reki.jpg|thumb|Slovenian Territorial Defence on December 17 1990 in [[Kočevska Reka]]]] |
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After the 1968 [[ |
After the 1968 [[Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia]], the Yugoslav leadership adopted the doctrine of General People's Defence<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.slovenskavojska.si/en/about-the-slovenian-armed-forces/history/ |title=About the Slovenian Armed Forces |access-date=2014-10-13 |archive-date=2012-06-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120622163346/http://www.slovenskavojska.si/en/about-the-slovenian-armed-forces/history/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> and established the [[Territorial Defense (Yugoslavia)|Territorial Defense]]. After the victory of democratic parties in the [[1990 Slovenian parliamentary election]], the central government in [[Belgrade]] ordered disarmament of TO Slovenia, a decision that was effectively ignored. Many [[weapons]] subsequently disappeared from supply depots and were later issued to the initial territorial defence units of the [[Slovenia|Republic of Slovenia]]. |
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== Command == |
== Command == |
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TO headquarters were established on November 20, 1968. The early development of this military command was almost exclusively in the hands of Slovenian officers. In 1990, the Territorial Defence Republic Headquarters was violently occupied by the federal army. After this incident, Slovenia designated a new [[headquarters]], who took command of the Slovenian Army. May 1991 marked the opening of the first military training centres in [[Ig, Slovenia|Ig]], Ljubljana; and [[Pekre]] and Maribor. The first draftees were sworn in on June |
TO headquarters were established on November 20, 1968. The early development of this military command was almost exclusively in the hands of Slovenian officers. In 1990, the Territorial Defence Republic Headquarters was violently occupied by the federal army. After this incident, Slovenia designated a new [[headquarters]], who took command of the Slovenian Army. May 1991 marked the opening of the first military training centres in [[Ig, Slovenia|Ig]], Ljubljana; and [[Pekre]] and Maribor. The first draftees were sworn in on June 2. |
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== Organization == |
== Organization == |
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The command language in TO was Slovenian, and this itself was organized in the form of an ancillary impact force to the JNA. After 1990 it was organized as a separate army, which was finally formed in the months before independence, in accordance with the Slovenian Constitution, which had |
The command language in TO was Slovenian, and this itself was organized in the form of an ancillary impact force to the JNA. After 1990 it was organized as a separate army, which was finally formed in the months before independence, in accordance with the Slovenian Constitution, which had been adopted in 1991. |
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== Equipment == |
== Equipment == |
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* [[Tokarev TT-33]] [[handgun]] |
* [[Tokarev TT-33]] [[handgun]] |
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* [[MG 34]] [[machine gun]] |
* [[MG 34]] [[machine gun]] |
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* [[Fagot]] [[anti-tank guided missile]] |
* [[9K111 Fagot|Fagot]] [[anti-tank guided missile]] |
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* [[SKS]] [[carbine]] Yugoslav version M59/66 |
* [[SKS]] [[carbine]] Yugoslav version M59/66 |
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* [[Malyutka]] [[anti-tank guided missile]] |
* [[Malyutka]] [[anti-tank guided missile]] |
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* [[M80 Zolja]] [[anti-tank]] [[rocket launcher]] |
* [[M80 Zolja]] [[anti-tank]] [[rocket launcher]] |
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* [[MG42]] [[general-purpose machine gun]] Yugoslav version M53 |
* [[MG42]] [[general-purpose machine gun]] Yugoslav version M53 |
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* [[M48]] [[bolt-action rifle]] including sniper version |
* [[Zastava M48|M48]] [[bolt-action rifle]] including sniper version |
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* [[ |
* [[MGV-176]] [[submachine gun]] |
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* [[M56 Submachine gun|M56]] [[submachine gun]] Yugoslav version of [[MP40]] |
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* [[M60 recoilless gun]] |
* [[M60 recoilless gun]] |
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* [[M72]] [[light machine gun]] |
* [[Zastava M72|M72]] [[light machine gun]] |
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* [[M76]] [[sniper rifle]] |
* [[Zastava M76|M76]] [[sniper rifle]] |
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* [[M79 Osa]] [[anti-tank rocket]] |
* [[M79 Osa]] [[anti-tank rocket]] launcher |
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* [[M84 machine gun]] |
* [[M84 machine gun]] |
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* [[M49]] [[submachine gun]] Yugoslav [[PPSh-41]] |
* [[M49 Submachine gun|M49]] [[submachine gun]] Yugoslav [[PPSh-41]] |
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* RB M57 |
* RB M57 |
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* [[SAR 80]] [[assault rifle]] |
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* [[3M6 Shmel]] [[anti-tank missile]] |
* [[3M6 Shmel]] [[anti-tank missile]] |
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===Vehicles=== |
===Vehicles=== |
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* [[M-84]] [[main battle tank]] |
* [[M-84]] [[main battle tank]] |
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* [[M-36]] [[tank destroyer]] |
* [[M36 tank destroyer|M-36]] [[tank destroyer]] |
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* [[T-54/55]] [[main battle tank]] |
* [[T-54/55]] [[main battle tank]] |
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* [[T-34/85]] [[medium tank]] |
* [[T-34/85]] [[medium tank]] |
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* [[BTR-50]] [[armoured personnel carrier]] PU version |
* [[BTR-50]] [[armoured personnel carrier]] PU version |
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* [[2S1 Gvozdika]] [[self-propelled howitzer]] |
* [[2S1 Gvozdika]] [[self-propelled howitzer]] |
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* [[BOV]] [[APC]] |
* [[BOV (APC)|BOV]] [[Armoured personnel carrier|APC]] |
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* [[BRDM-2]] [[armored car]] |
* [[BRDM-2]] [[armored car (military)|armored car]] |
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* [[BVP M-80]] [[IFV]] |
* [[BVP M-80]] [[IFV]] |
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* TAM 5000 [[military truck]] |
* [[TAM 5000]] [[military truck]] |
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* [[Puch G]] [[utility vehicle]] |
* [[Puch G]] [[utility vehicle]] |
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* TAM-110 [[truck]] |
* [[TAM-110]] [[truck]] |
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===Artillery=== |
===Artillery=== |
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* [[M75 20mm]] [[AAG]] |
* [[M-75 (anti-aircraft gun)|M75]] [[20mm]] [[Anti-aircraft warfare|AAG]] |
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* [[M-63 Plamen]] [[multiple rocket launcher]] |
* [[M-63 Plamen]] [[multiple rocket launcher]] |
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* [[BOV-3]] [[SPAAG]] |
* [[BOV-3]] [[SPAAG]] |
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* [[ZSU-57-2]] |
* [[ZSU-57-2]] |
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* [[M53/59 Praga]] |
* [[M53/59 Praga]] |
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* [[ |
* [[9K31 Strela-1]] [[Surface-to-air missile|SAM]] |
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=== Aircraft === |
=== Aircraft === |
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! style="text-align: left;"|Notes |
! style="text-align: left;"|Notes |
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| [[UTVA-75]] || [[File:Utva-75.jpg|120px]] || {{YUG}} || trainer || || 14 || Left by |
| [[UTVA-75]] || [[File:Utva-75.jpg|120px]] || {{YUG}} || trainer || || 14 || Left by the JNA |
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| [[Aérospatiale Gazelle|SOKO SA 341 Gazelle]] || || {{YUG}} || transport || || 1 || |
| [[Aérospatiale Gazelle|SOKO SA 341 Gazelle]] || || {{YUG}} || transport || || 1 || Defected from the JNA |
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| [[Bell 206|Bell 206 JetRanger]] || || {{USA}} || utility helicopter || || 3 || |
| [[Bell 206|Bell 206 JetRanger]] || || {{USA}} || utility helicopter || || 3 || |
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| [[Let L-410|Let L-410 Turbolet]] || || {{CZE}} || transport || || 1 || Added in 1994 |
| [[Let L-410|Let L-410 Turbolet]] || || {{CZE}} || transport || || 1 || Added in 1994 |
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| [[AgustaWestland AW109|Agusta AW109]] ||<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Former Slovenian Teritorial Defense Forces Agusta AW109.jpg|120px]] -->|| {{ITA}} || fast VIP transport || A109A Mk II || 1 || |
| [[AgustaWestland AW109|Agusta AW109]] ||<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Former Slovenian Teritorial Defense Forces Agusta AW109.jpg|120px]] -->|| {{ITA}} || fast VIP transport || A109A Mk II || 1 || |
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Latest revision as of 19:54, 25 July 2024
This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2010) |
Territorial Defense of the Republic of Slovenia | |
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Teritorialna obramba Republike Slovenije | |
Founded | 1990 |
Disbanded | 1994 |
Headquarters | Ljubljana |
Leadership | |
Commander-in-Chief | President Milan Kučan (1990–1994) |
Minister of Defence | Janez Janša (1990–1994) |
Chief of staff | Janez Slapar (1991–1993) Albin Gutman (1993–1994) |
Personnel | |
Military age | 15 |
Conscription | Yes |
Related articles | |
History | Slovenian War of Independence |
The Territorial Defense of the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: Teritorialna obramba Republike Slovenije (TO RS)), also known as the Territorial Defense of Slovenia (Slovenian: Teritorialna obramba Slovenije [TOS]), was the predecessor of the Slovenian Armed Forces. It was named after the Yugoslav Territorial Defense.
History
[edit]After the 1968 Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia, the Yugoslav leadership adopted the doctrine of General People's Defence[1] and established the Territorial Defense. After the victory of democratic parties in the 1990 Slovenian parliamentary election, the central government in Belgrade ordered disarmament of TO Slovenia, a decision that was effectively ignored. Many weapons subsequently disappeared from supply depots and were later issued to the initial territorial defence units of the Republic of Slovenia.
Command
[edit]TO headquarters were established on November 20, 1968. The early development of this military command was almost exclusively in the hands of Slovenian officers. In 1990, the Territorial Defence Republic Headquarters was violently occupied by the federal army. After this incident, Slovenia designated a new headquarters, who took command of the Slovenian Army. May 1991 marked the opening of the first military training centres in Ig, Ljubljana; and Pekre and Maribor. The first draftees were sworn in on June 2.
Organization
[edit]The command language in TO was Slovenian, and this itself was organized in the form of an ancillary impact force to the JNA. After 1990 it was organized as a separate army, which was finally formed in the months before independence, in accordance with the Slovenian Constitution, which had been adopted in 1991.
Equipment
[edit]Small arms
[edit]- Zastava M 70AB assault rifle
- Tokarev TT-33 handgun
- MG 34 machine gun
- Fagot anti-tank guided missile
- SKS carbine Yugoslav version M59/66
- Malyutka anti-tank guided missile
- Strela 2 MANPAD
- M80 Zolja anti-tank rocket launcher
- MG42 general-purpose machine gun Yugoslav version M53
- M48 bolt-action rifle including sniper version
- MGV-176 submachine gun
- M56 submachine gun Yugoslav version of MP40
- M60 recoilless gun
- M72 light machine gun
- M76 sniper rifle
- M79 Osa anti-tank rocket launcher
- M84 machine gun
- M49 submachine gun Yugoslav PPSh-41
- RB M57
- SAR 80 assault rifle
- 3M6 Shmel anti-tank missile
Vehicles
[edit]- M-84 main battle tank
- M-36 tank destroyer
- T-54/55 main battle tank
- T-34/85 medium tank
- BTR-50 armoured personnel carrier PU version
- 2S1 Gvozdika self-propelled howitzer
- BOV APC
- BRDM-2 armored car
- BVP M-80 IFV
- TAM 5000 military truck
- Puch G utility vehicle
- TAM-110 truck
Artillery
[edit]- M75 20mm AAG
- M-63 Plamen multiple rocket launcher
- BOV-3 SPAAG
- ZSU-57-2
- M53/59 Praga
- 9K31 Strela-1 SAM
Aircraft
[edit]Aircraft | Photo | Origin | Type | Versions | In service[2] | Notes |
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UTVA-75 | Yugoslavia | trainer | 14 | Left by the JNA | ||
SOKO SA 341 Gazelle | Yugoslavia | transport | 1 | Defected from the JNA | ||
Bell 206 JetRanger | United States | utility helicopter | 3 | |||
Bell 412 | United States | utility helicopter | 1 | |||
Let L-410 Turbolet | Czech Republic | transport | 1 | Added in 1994 | ||
Agusta AW109 | Italy | fast VIP transport | A109A Mk II | 1 |
References
[edit]- ^ "About the Slovenian Armed Forces". Archived from the original on 2012-06-22. Retrieved 2014-10-13.
- ^ "World Military Aircraft Inventory", Aerospace Source Book 2007, Aviation Week & Space Technology, January 15, 2007.