Governor of Massachusetts: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Head of government of Massachusetts}} |
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{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2018}} |
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{{Use American English|date=June 2018}} |
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{{Infobox official post |
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| post = Governor |
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| body = the<br>Commonwealth of Massachusetts |
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| insignia = Seal of the Governor of Massachusetts.svg |
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| insigniasize = 110 |
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| insigniacaption = Seal of the governor |
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| insigniaalt = Seal of the governor |
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| flag = Flag of the Governor of Massachusetts.svg |
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| flagsize = |
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| flagalt = Standard of the governor |
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| flagborder = |
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| flagcaption = Standard of the governor |
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| image = Maura Healey, official portrait, governor (cropped).jpg |
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| imagesize = |
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| alt = Maura Healey Official Photo |
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| imagecaption = |
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| incumbent = [[Maura Healey]] |
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| incumbentsince = January 5, 2023 |
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| department = [[Government of Massachusetts]] |
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| style = {{ublist|[[Governor]] (informal)|[[Excellency#United States|Her Excellency]] (formal)}} |
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| status = [[Head of state]]<br />[[Head of government]] |
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| member_of = [[Massachusetts Governor's Council|Governor's Council]]<br />[[Government of Massachusetts#Cabinet and government agencies|Cabinet]] |
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| residence = None official |
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| seat = [[Massachusetts State House|State House]], [[Boston, Massachusetts]] |
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| nominator = [[Nominating petition]],<br>[[Political parties and political designations in Massachusetts|Political parties]] |
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| appointer = [[Direct election|Popular vote]] |
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| termlength = Four years, no term limits<ref>{{Cite web |title=Which States Have Term Limits On Governor? |url=https://www.termlimits.com/which-states-have-term-limits-on-governor/ |access-date=December 3, 2020 |website=Term Limits.com |date=June 3, 2020 |publisher=U.S. Term Limits |quote="Thirty-six states have some form of term limit on the office of governor. Fourteen states do not. They are: Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, North Dakota, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Washington, and Wisconsin." |location=Washington, DC}}</ref> |
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| constituting_instrument = [[Constitution of Massachusetts]] |
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| formation = [[List of colonial governors of Massachusetts|Original post]]:<br />April 30, 1629<br />Current form:<br />October 25, 1780 |
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| deputy = [[Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts]] |
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| salary = $185,000 (2022)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bookofthestates.org/tables/selected-state-administrative-officials-annual-salaries/ |title=Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries |publisher=The Council of State Governments |access-date=August 7, 2024}}</ref> |
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| website = {{Official website}} |
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| footnotes = |
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| first = [[John Endecott]] |
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}} |
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The '''governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts''' is the [[chief executive officer]] of the [[government of Massachusetts]]. The [[governor]] is the [[chief executive|head]] of the state cabinet and the [[commander-in-chief]] of the commonwealth's [[Massachusetts National Guard|military forces]]. |
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Massachusetts has a [[Republicanism|republican]] system of government that is akin to a [[presidential system]]. The governor acts as the [[head of government]] while having a distinct role from that of the [[Massachusetts General Court|legislative branch]]. The governor has far-reaching political obligations, including ceremonial and political duties. The governor also signs bills into law and has [[Veto|veto power]]. The governor is a member of the [[Massachusetts Governor's Council]], a popularly elected council with eight members who provide [[advice and consent]] on certain legal matters and appointments.<ref>Morison 1917, p.22-28.</ref> |
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Part the Second, Chapter II, Section I, Article I of the [[Massachusetts Constitution]] reads, |
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Beginning with the [[Massachusetts Bay Colony|Massachusetts Bay Company]] in 1629, the role of the governor has changed throughout its history in terms of powers and selection. The modern form of the position was created in the [[Constitution of Massachusetts|1780 Constitution of Massachusetts]], which called for the position of a "supreme executive magistrate".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Massachusetts Constitution |url=https://malegislature.gov/laws/constitution#chapterIISectionI}}</ref> |
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<dd>''There shall be a supreme executive magistrate, who shall be styled, '''The Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts'''; and whose title shall be -- '''His Excellency'''.'' |
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Governors of Massachusetts are elected every four years during state elections that are held on the first Tuesday of November after November 1. As of November 2022, the most recent Massachusetts gubernatorial election was held in [[2022 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|2022]]. Following each gubernatorial election, the elected governor is inaugurated on the Thursday after the first Wednesday in January following the election.<ref>{{Cite web |last=William |first=Galvin |title=Elected Officials' Effective Dates of Office |url=https://www.sec.state.ma.us/divisions/elections/research-and-statistics/effective-dates-of-office.htm |access-date=6 November 2022 |publisher=Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts}}</ref> There are no [[Term limits in the United States|term limits]] restricting how long a governor may serve.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-08 |title=A Third Term For Governor Charlie Baker? |url=https://www.wgbh.org/news/local-news/2019/06/08/a-third-term-for-governor-charlie-baker |access-date=2020-08-03 |website=News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-04 |title=What Charlie Baker faces should he seek a third term |url=https://www.bostonherald.com/2020/07/04/what-charlie-baker-faces-should-he-seek-a-third-term/ |access-date=2020-08-03 |website=Boston Herald |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Term Limits on Governor |url=https://www.termlimits.com/governor_termlimits/ |access-date=2020-08-03 |website=U.S. Term Limits |date=June 19, 2018 |language=en-US}}</ref> The longest-serving Massachusetts governor is [[Michael Dukakis]], who served 12 years; Dukakis was in office from 1975 to 1979 and from 1983 to 1991. The current governor is [[Maura Healey]], a Democrat who won the [[2022 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|2022 gubernatorial election]]. |
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With the writing of that sentence in [[1780]], the executive branch of the new Commonwealth came into being. The Governor of Massachusetts is the chief executive of the Commonwealth, and is supported by a number of subordinate officers. He, like most other state officers, senators, and representatives, was originally elected annually. Eventually this was changed to a two-year term, and currently rests at a four-year term. |
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==Qualifications== |
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The Governor of Massachusetts does not receive a palace, other official residence, or housing allowance. Instead, he continues to reside in his private residence. The title of "His Excellency" is a throwback to the executives of the [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]], [[Province of New England]], and [[Royal Colony of Massachusetts]], all of whom as royal appointees were afforded this title. |
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Any person seeking to become governor of Massachusetts must meet the following requirements:<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2017 |title=How to Run for Office in Massachusetts |url=https://www.sec.state.ma.us/ele/elepdf/Candidates-Guide-generic.pdf |access-date=December 26, 2022 |website=Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth}}</ref> |
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* Be at least eighteen years of age |
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* Be a registered voter in Massachusetts |
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* Be a Massachusetts resident for at least seven years when elected |
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* Receive 10,000 signatures from registered voters on nomination papers |
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== Election and term == |
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The governor also serves as Commander-in-Chief of the Commonwealth's armed forces, a position the power of which has declined as the states of the [[United States]] have become less individual nations and more subnational units. |
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The governor is an elected position. The term of office is four years, with no [[Term limits in the United States|term limit]]. |
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Elections for governor are held on a four-year basis concurrently with elections for the offices of [[Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts|lieutenant governor]], [[Massachusetts Attorney General|attorney general]], [[Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth|secretary of the commonwealth]], [[Treasurer and Receiver-General of Massachusetts|state treasurer]], and [[Massachusetts State Auditor|state auditor]]. |
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==History== |
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The role of governor has existed in Massachusetts since the [[Charter of the Massachusetts Bay Company|Royal Charter]] of 1628. The original role was one of a president of the board of a [[joint-stock company]], namely the [[Massachusetts Bay Colony|Massachusetts Bay Company]]. The governor would be elected by [[Livery company|freemen]], who were shareholders of the company. These shareholders were mostly colonists themselves who fit certain religious requirements. The governor acted in a [[Viceroy|vice-regal]] manner, overseeing the governance and functioning of the colony. Originally they were supposed to reside in [[London]], as was the case with other colonial company governors, although this protocol was broken when [[John Winthrop]] was appointed governor. The governor served as the executive of the colony, originally elected annually, they were joined by a Council of Assistants. This council was a group of magistrates who performed judicial functions, acted as an upper house of the General Court, and provided [[advice and consent]] to the governor. The early governors of Massachusetts Bay were staunchly [[Puritans|Puritan]] colonists who wished to form a state that coincided with religious law.<ref>Adams 1913, p.444-445.</ref> |
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With the founding of the [[Dominion of New England]] by [[James II of England]], the [[New England]] colonies were combined with the [[Province of New York]], [[West Jersey|Province of West Jersey]], and the [[East Jersey|Province of East Jersey]]. During this period (1686–1689) Massachusetts had no governor of its own. Instead there existed a royally appointed governor who resided in [[Boston]] and served at the King's pleasure. Though there existed a council which served as a quasi-legislature, however the logistics of calling the council to meet were so arduous that the Dominion was essentially governed by the Crown through the royal governor. The reason for the creation of such a post was there existed tremendous hostility between the [[Kingdom of England]] and the colonists of Massachusetts Bay. In an effort to bring the colonies under tighter control the Crown dismantled the old assembly system and created the Viceroy system based on the Spanish model in [[New Spain]]. This model of government was greatly disliked by the colonists all throughout British North America but especially in New England where colonists at one time did have some semblance of democratic and local control. With the [[Glorious Revolution]] and the [[1689 Boston revolt|Boston Revolt]] the Dominion was abolished in 1689.<ref>Adams 1913, p.430-445</ref> |
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With the creation of the [[Massachusetts Charter]] in 1691, the role of civilian governor was restored in Massachusetts Bay. Now the [[Province of Massachusetts Bay]], the colony then encompassed the territory of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the [[Plymouth Colony]], and areas of what is now the state of [[Maine]]. The governor however would not be chosen by the electorate, instead the position would remain a royal appointment. In order to ease tensions with royal authorities and the colonists the [[Massachusetts General Court|General Court]] was reestablished and given significant powers. This created acrimony between the governors and the assembly of the General Court. The governor could veto any decision made by the assembly and had control over the [[Massachusetts National Guard|militia]], however the General Court had authority of the treasury and provincial finances. This meant that in the event the governor did not agree with or consent with the rulings and laws of the General Court then the assembly would threaten to withhold any pay for the governor and other Royal Officers.<ref name="Morison 1917, p.9-22">Morison 1917, p.9-22.</ref> |
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From 1765 on the unraveling of the Province into a full political crisis only increased the tensions between the governor and the people of Massachusetts Bay. Following the passage of the [[Stamp Act 1765|Stamp Act]] Governor [[Thomas Hutchinson (governor)|Thomas Hutchinson]] had his home broken into and ransacked. The early stages of the [[American Revolution]] saw political turmoil in Massachusetts Bay. With the passage of the [[Intolerable Acts]] the then Royal Governor [[Thomas Gage]] dissolved the General Court and began to govern the province by decree. In 1774 the [[Massachusetts Provincial Congress]] was formed as an alternative revolutionary government to the royal government in Boston. With Massachusetts Bay declaring its independence in May 1776 the role of governor was vacant for four years. The executive role during this time was filled by the Governor's Council, the Committee of Safety, and the president of the Congress when in session.<ref name="Morison 1917, p.9-22" /> |
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With the adoption of the [[Constitution of Massachusetts]] in 1780 the role of an elected civilian governor was restored. [[John Hancock]] was elected as the first governor of the independent commonwealth on October 25, 1780.<ref name="Morison 1917, p.9-22" /> |
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==Constitutional role== |
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Part the Second, Chapter II, Section I, Article I of the [[Constitution of Massachusetts|Massachusetts Constitution]] reads, |
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{{blockquote|1=There shall be a supreme executive magistrate, who shall be styled, The Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; and whose title shall be – His Excellency.}} |
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The governor of Massachusetts is the chief executive of the commonwealth, and is supported by a number of subordinate officers. He, like most other state officers, senators, and representatives, was originally elected annually. In 1918 this was changed to a two-year term, and since 1966 the office of governor has carried a four-year term. The governor of Massachusetts does not receive a mansion or other official residence and resides in their own private residence. However, the governor does receive a housing allowance/stipend for $65,000. The title "His Excellency" is a holdover from the royally appointed governors of the [[Province of Massachusetts Bay]]. The first governor to use the title was [[Richard Coote, 1st Earl of Bellomont]], in 1699; since he was an [[Earl]], it was thought proper to call him "Your Excellency." The title was retained until 1742, when an order from [[George II of Great Britain|King George II]] forbade its further use. However, the framers of the state constitution revived it because they found it fitting to dignify the governor with this title.<ref>[[Louis A. Frothingham|Frothingham, Louis Adams]]. ''A Brief History of the Constitution and Government of Massachusetts'', p. 74. [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]]: Harvard University Press, 1916.</ref> |
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The governor also serves as [[commander-in-chief]] of the commonwealth's armed forces. |
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==Succession== |
==Succession== |
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{{see also|Gubernatorial lines of succession in the United States#Massachusetts}} |
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According to the [[Constitution of Massachusetts|Massachusetts State Constitution]]:<blockquote>Whenever the chair of the governor shall be vacant, by reason of his death, or absence from the commonwealth, or otherwise, the lieutenant governor, for the time being, shall, during such vacancy, perform all the duties incumbent upon the governor, and shall have and exercise all the powers and authorities, which by this constitution the governor is vested with, when personally present.<ref>[https://malegislature.gov/Laws/Constitution#chapterIISectionII Constitution of Massachusetts, Chapter II, Section II, Article III].</ref></blockquote>The Constitution does not use the term "acting governor", but the practice in Massachusetts has been that the lieutenant governor retains the position and title as "lieutenant governor" and becomes acting governor, not governor. The lieutenant governor, when acting as governor, is referred to as "the lieutenant-governor, acting governor" in official documents.<ref>An example of this is found in [http://www.mass.gov/legis/laws/seslaw01/sl010045.htm Chapter 45 of the Acts of 2001], where a veto by Swift was overridden by the General Court.</ref> |
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Despite this terminology, the Massachusetts courts have found that the full authority of the office of the governor devolves to the lieutenant governor upon vacancy in the office of governor, and that there is no circumstance short of death, resignation, or impeachment that would relieve the acting governor from the full gubernatorial responsibilities.{{Citation needed|date=November 2019}} |
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The first use of the succession provision occurred in 1785, five years after the constitution's adoption, when Governor [[John Hancock]] resigned the post, leaving Lieutenant Governor [[Thomas Cushing]] as acting governor. Most recently, [[Jane Swift]] became acting governor upon the resignation of [[Paul Cellucci]]. |
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When the constitution was first adopted, the [[Massachusetts Governor's Council|Governor's Council]] was charged with acting as governor in the event that both the governorship and lieutenant governorship were vacant. This occurred in 1799 when Governor [[Increase Sumner]] died in office on June 7, 1799, leaving Lieutenant Governor [[Moses Gill]] as acting governor. Acting Governor Gill never received a lieutenant and died on May 20, 1800, between that year's election and the inauguration of Governor-elect [[Caleb Strong]]. The Governor's Council served as the executive for ten days; the council's chair, [[Thomas Dawes]] was at no point named governor or acting governor. |
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Article LV of the Constitution, enacted in 1918, created a new line of succession: |
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{| class=wikitable |
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|- |
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!# |
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! Office |
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! Current officeholder |
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|- |
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! |
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|'''Governor of Massachusetts''' |
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|{{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[Maura Healey]] (D)''' |
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|- |
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!1 |
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|[[Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts|Lieutenant Governor]] |
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|{{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[Kim Driscoll]] (D) |
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|- |
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!2 |
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|[[Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth|Secretary of the Commonwealth]] |
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|{{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[William F. Galvin]] (D) |
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|- |
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!3 |
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|[[Massachusetts Attorney General|Attorney General]] |
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|{{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[Andrea Campbell]] (D) |
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|- |
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!4 |
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|[[Treasurer and Receiver-General of Massachusetts|Treasurer and Receiver-General]] |
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|{{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[Deb Goldberg]] (D) |
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|- |
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!5 |
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|[[Massachusetts State Auditor|Auditor]] |
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|{{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[Diana DiZoglio]] (D) |
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|} |
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==Cabinet== |
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The governor has a 10-person cabinet, each of whom oversees a portion of the government under direct administration (as opposed to independent executive agencies). See [[Government of Massachusetts]] for a complete listing. |
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==Traditions== |
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The front doors of the State House are only opened when a governor leaves office, a head of state or the president of the United States comes to visit the State House, or for the return of flags from Massachusetts regiments at the end of wars. The tradition of the ceremonial door originated when departing governor [[Benjamin Butler]] kicked open the front door and walked out by himself in 1884. |
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Incoming governors usually choose at least one past governor's portrait to hang in their office. |
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Immediately before being sworn into office, the governor-elect receives four symbols from the departing governor: the ceremonial pewter "Key" for the governor's office door, the Butler Bible, the "Gavel", and a two-volume set of the Massachusetts General Statutes with a personal note from the departing governor to their successor added to the back of the text. The governor-elect is then escorted by the sergeant-at-arms to the House Chamber and sworn in by the [[President of the Massachusetts Senate|President of the Senate]] before a joint session of the House and Senate.<ref name="State Library">[http://www.mass.gov/lib/facts/transfer.htm Massachusetts State Library Information, Governor Transfer of Power], Retrieved February 14, 2007.</ref> |
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===Lone walk=== |
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Upon completion of their term, the departing governor takes a "lone walk" down the Grand Staircase, through the House of Flags, into Doric Hall, out the central doors, and down the steps of the [[Massachusetts State House]]. The governor then crosses the street into [[Boston Common]], thereby symbolically rejoining the commonwealth as a private citizen. [[Benjamin Butler]] started the tradition in 1884.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Tour of the Grounds of the Massachusetts State House |url=http://www.sec.state.ma.us/trs/trsbok/trstour.htm |access-date=June 8, 2012 |publisher=Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts}}</ref> Some walks have been modified with some past governors having their wives, friends, or staff accompany them.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Braun |first=Stephen |date=December 3, 2011 |title=Mitt Romney Not Alone in Destroying Records |work=The Herald News |url=http://www.heraldnews.com/newsnow/x1560332634/FOCUS-Mitt-Romney-not-alone-in-destroying-records}}</ref> A [[21-gun salute|19-gun salute]] is offered during the walk, and frequently the steps are lined by the outgoing governor's friends and supporters.<ref name="Romney" /> |
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In January 1991, outgoing lieutenant governor [[Evelyn Murphy]], the first woman elected to statewide office in Massachusetts, walked down the stairs before Governor [[Michael Dukakis]]. In a break from tradition, the January 2007 inauguration of Governor [[Deval Patrick]] took place the day after outgoing governor [[Mitt Romney]] took the lone walk down the front steps.<ref name="Romney">{{Cite news |last=Weber |first=David |date=January 4, 2007 |title=Romney Takes 'Lone Walk' out of Office |work=Bangor Daily News |agency=Associated Press |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2457&dat=20070104&id=Lr88AAAAIBAJ&pg=1267,644167}}</ref> |
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==Governor's residence== |
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Despite several proposals for establishing an [[official residence]] for the governor of Massachusetts, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts does not have a governor's mansion. |
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In 1955, Governor [[Foster Furcolo]] turned down a proposal to establish the [[Shirley–Eustis House]] in [[Roxbury, Boston|Roxbury]], built by royal Governor [[William Shirley]], as the official residence.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shirley Eustis House |url=http://www.shirleyeustishouse.org/residents.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928211108/http://www.shirleyeustishouse.org/residents.html |archive-date=September 28, 2007}}</ref> |
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At one time, Governor [[John A. Volpe]] accepted the donation of the [[Endicott Estate]] in [[Dedham, Massachusetts|Dedham]] from the heirs of [[Henry Bradford Endicott]]. He intended to renovate the 19th-century mansion into a splendid governor's residence.<ref name="commonwealthmag">{{Cite web |title=Commonwealth Magazine, Fall 1999 | date=April 2024 |url=http://www.massinc.org/index.php?id=346&pub_id=967&bypass=1&bypass=1&bypass=1}}</ref> After Volpe resigned to become [[United States Secretary of Transportation]] in the [[Presidency of Richard Nixon|Nixon administration]], the plan was aborted by his successor in consideration of budgetary constraints and because the location was considered too far from the seat of power, the State House in Boston. |
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Prior to their respective demolitions in 1922 and 1863, the [[Province House (Boston, Massachusetts)|Province House]] and the [[Hancock Manor]]<ref name="commonwealthmag" /> were also proposed as official residences. |
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Since the governor has no official residence, the expression "corner office", rather than "governor's mansion", is commonly used in the press as a [[Metonymy|metonym]] for the office of governor. This refers instead to the governor's office on the third floor of the State House.<ref>{{Cite web |title=State House 3rd Floor information, floor plan, and room listing |url=https://malegislature.gov/VirtualTour/Floor/3 |website=The 191st General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts |access-date=May 16, 2020 |archive-date=October 27, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121027231410/http://malegislature.gov/VirtualTour/Floor/3 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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== List of governors == |
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According to the constitution, whenever the chair of the governor is vacant, the lieutenant governor shall take over as governor. The first time this came into use was five years after the constitution's adoption, when in [[1785]] [[John Hancock|Governor Hancock]] resigned his post with five months remaining before the inauguration of [[James Bowdoin|Governor Bowdoin]]. |
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{{split|List of governors of Massachusetts|date=November 2023|section=y|discuss=Talk:Governor of Massachusetts#Splitting proposal}} |
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Since 1780, 65 people have been elected governor, six to non-consecutive terms ([[John Hancock]], [[Caleb Strong]], [[Marcus Morton]], [[John Davis (Massachusetts governor)|John Davis]], [[John Volpe]], and [[Michael Dukakis]]), and seven [[Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts|lieutenant governors]] have acted as governor without subsequently being elected governor. [[Thomas Talbot (Massachusetts politician)|Thomas Talbot]] served a stint as acting governor, but was elected governor several years later. Prior to 1918 constitutional reforms, both the governor's office and that of lieutenant governor were vacant on one occasion, when the state was governed by the [[Massachusetts Governor's Council|Governor's Council]]. |
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=== |
===Colonial Massachusetts=== |
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{{Further|List of colonial governors of Massachusetts}} |
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The colonial history of Massachusetts begins with the founding first of the [[Plymouth Colony]] in 1620, and then the [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]] in 1628. The [[Dominion of New England]] combined these and other [[New England]] colonies into a single unit in 1686, but collapsed in 1689. In 1692 the [[Province of Massachusetts Bay]] was established, merging Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay, which then included the territory of present-day [[Maine]]. |
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Colonial governors of Plymouth and the Massachusetts Bay Colony were elected annually by a limited subset of the male population (known as [[freeman (Colonial)|freemen]]), while Dominion officials and those of the 1692 province were appointed by the British crown. In 1774 General [[Thomas Gage]] became the last royally appointed governor of Massachusetts. He was recalled to England after the [[Battle of Bunker Hill]] in June 1775, by which time the [[Massachusetts Provincial Congress]] exercised ''de facto'' control of Massachusetts territory outside British-occupied [[Boston]]. Between 1775 and the establishment of the [[Constitution of Massachusetts|Massachusetts State Constitution]] in 1780 the state was governed by the provincial congress and an executive council. |
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Whenever both the governor and his lieutenant left their offices vacant, the Governor's Council was charged with acting as governor. [[Increase Sumner|Governor Sumner]] died in office on [[June 7]], [[1799]], leaving [[Moses Gill|Lt. Governor Moses Gill]] as Governor of the Commonwealth. Governor Gill never received a lieutenant, and died himself on [[May 20]], 1800. |
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===Commonwealth of Massachusetts: 1780–present=== |
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For the ten days between Governor Gill's death and [[Caleb Strong|Governor Strong]]'s inauguration, the Governor's Council became the executive arm of the Commonwealth's government. Its chair, Thomas Dawes, was the closest person to governor during this time, but was at no point named governor. |
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The constitution of Massachusetts created the offices of governor<ref>MA Const. chp II, § 1, art. I</ref> and lieutenant governor,<ref>MA Const. chp II, § 2, art. I</ref> to be elected annually.<ref>MA Const. chp II, § 1, art. II</ref> Terms were lengthened to two years in 1918, to last until their successor was inaugurated, which would be at least the first Wednesday in the January after their election.<ref>MA Const. amendment LXIV</ref> This was changed to the Thursday following the first Wednesday in the January after the election in 1950,<ref>MA Const. amendment LXXX</ref> and terms were lengthened to four years in 1966.<ref>MA Const. amendment LXXXII</ref> |
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{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;" |
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===New and Current Line of Succession=== |
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|+ Governors of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts |
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!scope="col" data-sort-type="number"|{{abbr|No.|Number}} |
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!scope="colgroup" colspan="3"|Governor |
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!scope="col"|Term in office |
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!scope="col"|Party |
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!scope="col"|Election |
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!scope="colgroup" colspan="2"|[[Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts|Lt. Governor]]{{efn|Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.}} |
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|- style="height:2em" |
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!rowspan="5" scope="rowgroup"|1 |
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|rowspan="5" data-sort-value="Hancock, John"|[[File:John Hancock 1770-crop.jpg|75px]] |
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|rowspan="16" style="background:{{party color|Nonpartisan politician}};"| |
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|rowspan="5"|'''[[John Hancock]]'''<br />{{Small|(1737–1793)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=689–690}}<ref name="nga-hancock">{{Cite web |title=John Hancock |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-hancock/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=[[National Governors Association]]}}</ref> |
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|rowspan="5"|{{dts|October 25, 1780}}<ref name="burdick" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=John Hancock |url=https://www.masshist.org/database/viewer.php?item_id=1749&pid=3 |access-date=March 7, 2023 |website=[[Massachusetts Historical Society]]}}</ref><br />–<br />February 18, 1785<br />{{small|(resigned)}}{{efn|Hancock resigned abruptly in a "winter of increasing economic distress, political controversy, and social discord",<ref>"Cotton Tufts to Abigail Adams, 11 April 1785", Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Adams/04-06-02-0028. [Original source: The Adams Papers, Adams Family Correspondence, vol. 6, December 1784 – December 1785, ed. Richard Alan Ryerson. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993, pp. 81–82.] Accessed March 6, 2023</ref> and was suffering ill health, particularly gout.<ref>{{Cite web |title=John Hancock |url=https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/john-hancock |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=[[History (American TV network)|History]]}}</ref> He announced his intention to resign on January 29, and left office on February 18.<ref>"James Warren to John Adams, 28 January 1785", Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Adams/06-16-02-0295. [Original source: The Adams Papers, Papers of John Adams, vol. 16, February 1784–March 1785, ed. Gregg L. Lint, C. James Taylor, Robert Karachuk, Hobson Woodward, Margaret A. Hogan, Sara B. Sikes, Sara Martin, Sara Georgini, Amanda A. Mathews, and James T. Connolly. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2012, pp. 498–500.] Accessed March 8, 2023</ref>}} |
|||
|rowspan="5"|None{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=140}} |
|||
|[[1780 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1780]] |
|||
|rowspan="16" style="background:{{party color|Nonpartisan politician}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="5"|{{sortname|Thomas|Cushing}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1781 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1781]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1782 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1782]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1783 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1783]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1784 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1784]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|— |
|||
|data-sort-value="Cushing, Thomas"|[[File:Thomas Cushing, Member of Continental Congress.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|'''[[Thomas Cushing]]'''<br />{{Small|(1725–1788)}}<br /><ref>{{congbio|name=Thomas Cushing|id=C001017|inline=1}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|February 18, 1785}}<ref name="burdick" /><br />–<br />May 27, 1785<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|None{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=140}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|{{small|Lieutenant<br />governor<br />acting}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|''Acting as governor'' |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|2 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Bowdoin, James"|[[File:James Bowdoin II by Feke full length.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[James Bowdoin]]'''<br />{{Small|(1726–1790)}}<br /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bowdoin, James II |url=https://maineanencyclopedia.com/james-bowdoin-ii/ |access-date=March 7, 2023 |website=Maine: An Encyclopedia|date=September 28, 2011 }}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|May 27, 1785}}<ref name="burdick" /><br />–<br />June 1, 1787<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|None{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=140}} |
|||
|[[1785 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1785]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{sortname|Thomas|Cushing}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1786 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1786]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="7" scope="rowgroup"|3 |
|||
|rowspan="7" data-sort-value="Hancock, John"|[[File:John Hancock 1770-crop.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="7"|'''[[John Hancock]]'''<br />{{Small|(1737–1793)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=689–690}}<ref name="nga-hancock" /> |
|||
|rowspan="7"|{{dts|June 1, 1787}}{{efn|Modern sources say Hancock took office on May 30,{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=689–690}} but a contemporary source says it was June 1.<ref name="burdick">{{Cite book |last=Burdick |first=William |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DP7Y2qQ68wAC&pg=PA27 |title=The Massachusetts Manual, Or, Political and Historical Register |date=1814 |publisher=C. Callender |page=27 |language=en}}</ref>}}<br />–<br />October 8, 1793<br />{{small|(died in office)}} |
|||
|rowspan="7"|None{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=140}} |
|||
|[[1787 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1787]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1788 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1788]] |
|||
|{{sortname|Benjamin|Lincoln}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1789 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1789]] |
|||
|rowspan="5"|{{sortname|Samuel|Adams}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1790 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1790]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1791 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1791]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1792 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1792]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1793 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1793]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="4" scope="rowgroup"|4 |
|||
|rowspan="4"data-sort-value="Adams, Samuel"|[[File:Samuel Adams by John Singleton Copley.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="4"|'''[[Samuel Adams]]'''<br />{{Small|(1722–1803)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=690–691}}<ref name="nga-adams">{{Cite web |title=Samuel Adams |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/samuel-adams-2/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="4"|{{dts|October 8, 1793}}<ref name="burdick" /><br />–<br />June 2, 1797<br />{{small|(did not run)}} |
|||
|None{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=140}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|{{small|Lieutenant<br />governor<br />acting}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|''Acting as governor'' |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|rowspan="3" style="background:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-<br />Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=140}} |
|||
|[[1794 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1794]] |
|||
|rowspan="7" style="background:{{party color|Federalist Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="6"|{{sortname|Moses|Gill}}{{efn|Represented the Federalist Party|name=lt-fed}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1795 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1795]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1796 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1796]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|5 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Sumner, Increase"|[[File:IncreaseSumnerBySharples.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="4" style="background:{{party color|Federalist Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Increase Sumner]]'''<br />{{Small|(1746–1799)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=691–692}}<ref name="nga-sumner">{{Cite web |title=Increase Sumner |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/increase-sumner/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|June 2, 1797}}<ref name="burdick" /><br />–<br />June 7, 1799<br />{{small|(died in office)}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Federalist Party|Federalist]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=140}} |
|||
|[[1797 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1797]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1798 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1798]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1797 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1797]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|— |
|||
|data-sort-value="Gill, Moses"|[[File:John Singleton Copley - Portrait of Govenor Moses Gill - 07.117 - Rhode Island School of Design Museum.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|'''[[Moses Gill]]'''<br />{{Small|(1733–1800)}}<br /><ref>"To George Washington from Moses Gill, 15 May 1793", Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/05-12-02-0460. [Original source: The Papers of George Washington, Presidential Series, vol. 12, 16 January 1793 – 31 May 1793, ed. Christine Sternberg Patrick and John C. Pinheiro. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2005, pp. 576–577.] Accessed March 7, 2023</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|June 7, 1799}}<ref name="burdick" /><br />–<br />May 20, 1800<br />{{small|(died in office)}} |
|||
|[[Federalist Party|Federalist]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=136}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|{{small|Lieutenant<br />governor<br />acting}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|''Acting as governor'' |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|— |
|||
|data-sort-value="Governor's Council"|[[File:Seal of Massachusetts.svg|75px]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Nonpartisan politician}};"| |
|||
|'''[[Massachusetts Governor's Council|Governor's Council]]'''<br />chaired by [[Thomas Dawes]]<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=692}} |
|||
|{{dts|May 20, 1800}}<ref name="burdick" /><br />–<br />May 30, 1800 |
|||
|— |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|{{small|Governor's<br />Council<br />acting}} |
|||
|rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE"|''Vacant'' |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="7" scope="rowgroup"|6 |
|||
|rowspan="7" data-sort-value="Strong, Caleb"|[[File:Portrait of Caleb Strong (1745-1819) (frame cropped).jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="7" style="background:{{party color|Federalist Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="7"|'''[[Caleb Strong]]'''<br />{{Small|(1745–1819)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=692–693}}<ref name="nga-strong">{{Cite web |title=Caleb Strong |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/caleb-strong/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="7"|{{dts|May 30, 1800}}<ref name="burdick" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=1800-06-07 |title=none | quote=The Committee appointed to wait on the Governor elect, reported that he would wait upon the Legislature in the Representative's Chamber, tomorrow at 12 o'clock, to be qualified. |page=3 |work=The Recorder |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120428144/strong-to-be-inaugurated-may-30/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />May 29, 1807<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|rowspan="7"|[[Federalist Party (United States)|Federalist]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=140}} |
|||
|[[1800 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1800]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1801 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1801]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Federalist Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|{{sortname|Samuel|Phillips Jr.}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1802 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1802]] |
|||
|rowspan="8" style="background:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="5"|{{sortname|Edward|Robbins}}{{efn|Represented the [[Democratic-Republican Party]]|name=lt-dr}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1803 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1803]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1804 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1804]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1805 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1805]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1806 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1806]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|7 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Sullivan, James"|[[File:James Sullivan.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="3" style="background:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[James Sullivan (governor)|James Sullivan]]'''<br />{{Small|(1744–1808)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=693–694}}<ref name="nga-sullivan">{{Cite web |title=James Sullivan |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/james-sullivan/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|May 29, 1807}}<ref name="burdick" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=1807-06-06 |title=Legislature of Massachusetts |page=2 |work=The Pittsfield Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120428299/sullivan-inaugurated-may-29/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />December 10, 1808<br />{{small|(died in office)}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-<br />Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=140}} |
|||
|[[1807 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1807]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|Levi|Lincoln Sr.}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1808 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1808]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|— |
|||
|data-sort-value="Lincoln, Levi 1"|[[File:LeviLincoln.gif|75px]] |
|||
|'''[[Levi Lincoln Sr.]]'''<br />{{Small|(1749–1820)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=694}}<ref name="nga-lincoln-levi-1">{{Cite web |title=Levi Lincoln Sr. |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/levi-lincoln-sr/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|December 10, 1808}}<ref name="burdick" /><br />–<br />June 3, 1809<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|[[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-<br />Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=136}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|{{small|Lieutenant<br />governor<br />acting}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|''Acting as governor'' |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|8 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Gore, Christopher"|[[File:ChristopherGoreByTrumbull.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Federalist Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|'''[[Christopher Gore]]'''<br />{{Small|(1758–1827)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=695}}<ref name="nga-gore">{{Cite web |title=Christopher Gore |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/christopher-gore/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|June 3, 1809}}<ref name="burdick" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=1809-06-10 |title=none | quote=... when His Excellency Christopher Gore, Esq. and His Honor David Cobb, Esq. Governor and Lt. Governor Elect, came in, and took and subscribed the Oaths and declarations made necessary by the Constitution of this Commonwealth to qualify them for exercising the Offices to which they have been elected. |page=2 |work=The Pittsfield Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120433212/gore-inaugurated/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />June 2, 1810<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|[[Federalist Party (United States)|Federalist]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=140}} |
|||
|[[1809 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1809]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Federalist Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|{{sortname|David|Cobb|dab=Massachusetts politician}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|9 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Gerry, Elbridge"|[[File:Nathaniel Jocelyn - Elbridge Gerry (1744-1814) - 1943.1816 - Harvard Art Museums.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[Elbridge Gerry]]'''<br />{{Small|(1744–1814)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=695–696}}<ref name="nga-gerry">{{Cite web |title=Elbridge Gerry |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/elbridge-gerry/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|June 2, 1810}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1810-06-12 |title=Massachusetts Legislature |page=2 |work=The Recorder |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120412781/gerry-inaugurated/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />May 30, 1812<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-<br />Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=140}} |
|||
|[[1810 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1810]] |
|||
|rowspan="25" style="background:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|William|Gray|dab=Massachusetts politician}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1811 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1811]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="4" scope="rowgroup"|10 |
|||
|rowspan="4" data-sort-value="Strong, Caleb"|[[File:Portrait of Caleb Strong (1745-1819) (frame cropped).jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="11" style="background:{{party color|Federalist Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="4"|'''[[Caleb Strong]]'''<br />{{Small|(1745–1819)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=692–693}}<ref name="nga-strong" /> |
|||
|rowspan="4"|{{dts|May 30, 1812}}<ref name="burdick" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=1812-06-09 |title=Massachusetts Legislature |page=2 |work=The Recorder |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120433415/strong-inaugurated/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />June 1, 1816<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=692–693}} |
|||
|rowspan="4"|[[Federalist Party (United States)|Federalist]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=140}} |
|||
|[[1812 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1812]] |
|||
|rowspan="11"|{{sortname|William|Phillips Jr.}}{{efn|name=lt-dr}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1813 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1813]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1814 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1814]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1815 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1815]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="7" scope="rowgroup"|11 |
|||
|rowspan="7" data-sort-value="Brooks, John"|[[File:Gilbert Stuart, Govenor John Brooks, c. 1820, HAA.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="7"|'''[[John Brooks (governor)|John Brooks]]'''<br />{{Small|(1752–1825)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=696–697}}<ref name="nga-brooks">{{Cite web |title=John Brooks |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-brooks/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="7"|{{dts|June 1, 1816}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1816-06-11 |title=Massachusetts Legislature |page=2 |work=The Recorder |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120436220/brooks-inaugurated-june-1/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />May 30, 1823<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=696–697}} |
|||
|rowspan="7"|[[Federalist Party (United States)|Federalist]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=140}} |
|||
|[[1816 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1816]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1817 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1817]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1818 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1818]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1819 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1819]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1820 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1820]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1821 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1821]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1822 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1822]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|12 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Eustis, William"|[[File:William Eustis.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="7" style="background:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[William Eustis]]'''<br />{{Small|(1753–1825)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=697–698}}<ref name="nga-eustis">{{Cite web |title=William Eustis |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/william-eustis/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|May 30, 1823}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1823-06-05 |title=Legislature of Massachusetts |page=3 |work=The Pittsfield Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120436408/eustis-inaugurated-may-30/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />February 6, 1825<br />{{small|(died in office)}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-<br />Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=142}} |
|||
|[[1823 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1823]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|Marcus|Morton}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1824 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1824]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|— |
|||
|data-sort-value="Morton, Marcus"|[[File:Marcus Morton.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|'''[[Marcus Morton]]'''<br />{{Small|(1784–1864)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=698–699}}<ref name="nga-morton">{{Cite web |title=Marcus Morton |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/marcus-morton/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|February 6, 1825}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-02-17 |title=Massachusetts Legislature |language=en-us |page=1 |work=The Pittsfield Sun |location=Pittsfield, Massachusetts |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-pittsfield-sun-eustis-dies-morton-b/120457597/ |access-date=2023-09-27}}</ref><br />–<br />May 27, 1825<br />{{small|(successor took office)}} |
|||
|[[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-<br />Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=136}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|{{small|Lieutenant<br />governor<br />acting}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|''Acting as governor'' |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="9" scope="rowgroup"|13 |
|||
|rowspan="9" data-sort-value="Lincoln, Levi 2"|[[File:LLincolnJr.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="9"|'''[[Levi Lincoln Jr.]]'''<br />{{Small|(1782–1868)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=699}}<ref name="nga-lincoln-levi-2">{{Cite web |title=Levi Lincoln Jr. |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/levi-lincoln-jr/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="9"|{{dts|May 27, 1825}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-06-03 |title=Massachusetts Legislature |page=6 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120436675/lincoln-inaugurated-may-27/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 21, 1834<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=699}} |
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|rowspan="4"|[[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-<br />Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=142}} |
|||
|[[1825 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1825]] |
|||
|rowspan="9"|{{sortname|Thomas L.|Winthrop}}{{efn|name=lt-dr}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1826 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1826]] |
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|- style="height:2em" |
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|[[1827 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1827]] |
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|- style="height:2em" |
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|[[1828 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1828]] |
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|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|rowspan="6" style="background:{{party color|National Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="5"|[[National Republican Party|National<br />Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=142}} |
|||
|[[1829 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1829]] |
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|- style="height:2em" |
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|[[1830 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1830]] |
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|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[April 1831 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|Apr. 1831]] |
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|- style="height:2em" |
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|[[November 1831 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|Nov. 1831]] |
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|- style="height:2em" |
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|[[1832 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1832]] |
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|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|14 |
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|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Davis, John"|[[File:John Davis (Massachusetts Governor).jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[John Davis (Massachusetts governor)|John Davis]]'''<br />{{Small|(1787–1854)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=700}}<ref name="nga-davis">{{Cite web |title=John Davis |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-davis/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|January 21, 1834}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1834-01-22 |title=Massachusetts Legislature |page=2 |work=Boston Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120437028/davis-inaugurated-january-21/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />March 3, 1835<br />{{small|(resigned)}}{{efn|Davis resigned, having been [[1834–35 United States Senate elections|elected]] to the [[United States Senate]].{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=700}}}} |
|||
|[[National Republican Party|National<br />Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=142}} |
|||
|[[1833 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1833]] |
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|rowspan="10" style="background:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|Samuel Turell|Armstrong}}{{efn|Represented the [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig Party]]|name=lt-whig}} |
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|- style="height:2em" |
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|rowspan="6" style="background:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|[[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=142}} |
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|[[1834 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1834]] |
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|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|— |
|||
|data-sort-value="Armstrong, Samuel"|[[File:Samuel Turell Armstrong.png|75px]] |
|||
|'''[[Samuel Turell Armstrong]]'''<br />{{Small|(1784–1850)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=700–701}}<ref name="nga-armstrong">{{Cite web |title=Samuel Turell Armstrong |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/samuel-turell-armstrong/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|March 3, 1835}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1835-03-19 |title=A Proclamation |page=2 |work=The Pittsfield Sun |location=Pittsfield, Massachusetts |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-pittsfield-sun-davis-resigns-armstr/120457905/ |access-date=2023-09-27}}</ref><br />–<br />January 13, 1836<br />{{small|(lost election)}}{{efn|Armstrong either did not receive or did not expect the Whig nomination, and so ran as an independent.{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=700–701}}}} |
|||
|[[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=136}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|{{small|Lieutenant<br />governor<br />acting}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|''Acting as governor'' |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="4" scope="rowgroup"|15 |
|||
|rowspan="4" data-sort-value="Everett, Edward"|[[File:Edward Everett.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="4"|'''[[Edward Everett]]'''<br />{{Small|(1794–1865)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=701–702}}<ref name="nga-everett">{{Cite web |title=Edward Everett |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/edward-everett/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="4"|{{dts|January 13, 1836}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1836-01-16 |title=State Legislature |page=3 |work=Fall River Monitor |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120437469/everett-inaugurated-january-13/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 18, 1840<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|rowspan="4"|[[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=142}} |
|||
|[[1835 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1835]] |
|||
|rowspan="7"|{{sortname|George|Hull|dab=Massachusetts politician}}{{efn|name=lt-whig}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1836 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1836]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1837 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1837]] |
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|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1838 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1838]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|16 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Morton, Marcus"|[[File:Marcus Morton.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|'''[[Marcus Morton]]'''<br />{{Small|(1784–1864)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=698–699}}<ref name="nga-morton" /> |
|||
|{{dts|January 18, 1840}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1840-01-23 |title=The Ceremony |page=2 |work=The Pittsfield Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120437820/morton-inaugurated-january-18/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 9, 1841<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=142}} |
|||
|[[1839 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1839]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|17 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Davis, John"|[[File:John Davis (Massachusetts Governor).jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[John Davis (Massachusetts governor)|John Davis]]'''<br />{{Small|(1787–1854)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=700}}<ref name="nga-davis" /> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|January 9, 1841}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1841-01-19 |title=Massachusetts Legislature |page=1 |work=The Recorder |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120438088/davis-inaugurated-january-9/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 18, 1843<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=142}} |
|||
|[[1840 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1840]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1841 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1841]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|18 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Morton, Marcus"|[[File:Marcus Morton.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|'''[[Marcus Morton]]'''<br />{{Small|(1784–1864)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=698–699}}<ref name="nga-morton" /> |
|||
|{{dts|January 18, 1843}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1843-01-24 |title=Massachusetts Legislature |page=2 |work=The Recorder |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120439052/morton-inaugurated-january-18/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 9, 1844<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=142}} |
|||
|[[1842 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1842]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|{{sortname|Henry H.|Childs}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="7" scope="rowgroup"|19 |
|||
|rowspan="7" data-sort-value="Briggs, George"|[[File:George Nixon Briggs.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="7" style="background:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="7"|'''[[George N. Briggs]]'''<br />{{Small|(1796–1861)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=702–703}}<ref name="nga-briggs">{{Cite web |title=George Nixon Briggs |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/george-nixon-briggs/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="7"|{{dts|January 9, 1844}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1844-01-16 |title=Our State Legislature |page=2 |work=The Recorder |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120439251/briggs-inaugurated-january-9/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 13, 1851<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|rowspan="7"|[[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=142}} |
|||
|[[1843 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1843]] |
|||
|rowspan="7" style="background:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="9"|{{sortname|Henry W.|Cushman}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1844 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1844]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1845 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1845]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
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|[[1846 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1846]] |
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|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1847 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1847]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1848 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1848]] |
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|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1849 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1849]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|20 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Boutwell, George"|[[File:George Boutwell, Brady-Handy photo portrait, ca1870-1880.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[George S. Boutwell]]'''<br />{{Small|(1818–1905)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=703–704}}<ref name="nga-boutwell">{{Cite web |title=George Sewall Boutwell |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/george-sewall-boutwell/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|January 13, 1851}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1851-01-18 |title=Mass. Legislature |page=3 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120439448/boutwell-inaugurated-january-13/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 14, 1853<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=703–704}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=142}} |
|||
|[[1850 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1850]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1851 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1851]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|21 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Clifford, John"|[[File:JohnCliffordByBenoni.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|'''[[John H. Clifford]]'''<br />{{Small|(1809–1876)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=704–705}}<ref name="nga-clifford">{{Cite web |title=John Henry Clifford |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-henry-clifford/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|January 14, 1853}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1853-01-14 |title=Massachusetts Legislature |page=3 |work=Boston Evening Transcript |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120439691/clifford-inaugurated-january-14/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 12, 1854<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=704–705}} |
|||
|[[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=142}} |
|||
|[[1852–53 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1852]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|William C.|Plunkett}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|22 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Washburn, Emory"|[[File:EmoryWashburn.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|'''[[Emory Washburn]]'''<br />{{Small|(1800–1877)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=705}}<ref name="nga-washburn-emory">{{Cite web |title=Emory Washburn |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/emory-washburn/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|January 12, 1854}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1854-01-14 |title=Massachusetts Legislature |page=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120413995/washburn-inaugurated/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 9, 1855<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|[[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=142}} |
|||
|[[1853 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1853]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|23 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Gardner, Henry"|[[File:GovHenryJGardner.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="3" style="background:{{party color|Know-Nothing}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Henry Gardner]]'''<br />{{Small|(1819–1892)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=706}}<ref name="nga-gardner">{{Cite web |title=Henry Joseph Gardner |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/henry-joseph-gardner/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 9, 1855}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1855-01-09 |title=Massachusetts Legislature |page=2 |work=Boston Evening Transcript |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120414089/gardner-inaugurated-jan-9/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 2, 1858<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Know Nothing]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=142}} |
|||
|[[1854 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1854]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Know-Nothing}};"| |
|||
|{{sortname|Simon|Brown|dab=Massachusetts politician}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1855 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1855]] |
|||
|rowspan="59" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|Henry Wetherby|Benchley}}{{efn|Represented the [[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican Party]]|name=lt-rep}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
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|[[1856 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1856]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|24 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Banks, Nathaniel"|[[File:Nathaniel Prentice Banks.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="18" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Nathaniel P. Banks]]'''<br />{{Small|(1816–1894)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=706–707}}<ref name="nga-banks">{{Cite web |title=Nathaniel Prentice Banks |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/nathaniel-prentice-banks/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 2, 1858}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1858-01-09 |title=Massachusetts Legislature |page=3 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120414268/banks-inaugurated/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 2, 1861<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=706–707}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=142}} |
|||
|[[1857 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1857]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{sortname|Eliphalet|Trask}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1858 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1858]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1859 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1859]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="5" scope="rowgroup"|25 |
|||
|rowspan="5" data-sort-value="Andrew, John"|[[File:Houghton MS Am 1084 (59) - Andrew - edit.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="5"|'''[[John Albion Andrew]]'''<br />{{Small|(1818–1867)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=707–708}}<ref name="nga-andrew">{{Cite web |title=John Albion Andrew |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-albion-andrew/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="5"|{{dts|January 2, 1861}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1861-01-05 |title=Review of the Week |page=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120414417/andrew-inaugurated-january-2/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 6, 1866<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=707–708}} |
|||
|rowspan="5"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=142}} |
|||
|[[1860 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1860]] |
|||
|{{sortname|John Z.|Goodrich}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1861 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1861]] |
|||
|{{sortname|John|Nesmith}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1862 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1862]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{sortname|Joel|Hayden}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1863 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1863]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1864 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1864]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|26 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Bullock, Alexander"|[[File:Alexander H. Bullock.png|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Alexander Bullock]]'''<br />{{Small|(1816–1882)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=708–709}}<ref name="nga-bullock">{{Cite web |title=Alexander Hamilton Bullock |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/alexander-hamilton-bullock/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 6, 1866}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1866-01-08 |title=Legislature |page=2 |work=Fall River Daily Evening News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120439897/bullock-inaugurated-january-6/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 9, 1869<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=708–709}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1865 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1865]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{sortname|William|Claflin}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1866 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1866]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1867 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1867]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|27 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Claflin, William"|[[File:William Claflin - Brady-Handy.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[William Claflin]]'''<br />{{Small|(1818–1905)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=709–710}}<ref name="nga-claflin">{{Cite web |title=William Claflin |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/william-claflin/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 9, 1869}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1869-01-11 |title=Massachusetts Legislature |page=2 |work=Fall River Daily Evening News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120414534/claflin-inaugurated/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 5, 1872<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=709–710}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1868 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1868]] |
|||
|rowspan="4"|{{sortname|Joseph|Tucker|dab=Massachusetts politician}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1869 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1869]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
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|[[1870 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1870]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|28 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Washburn, William"|[[File:William B. Washburn - Brady-Handy.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[William B. Washburn]]'''<br />{{Small|(1820–1887)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=710–711}}<ref name="nga-washburn-william">{{Cite web |title=William Barrett Washburn |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/william-barrett-washburn/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 5, 1872}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1872-01-06 |title=Morning News |page=2 |work=Fall River Daily Evening News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120414646/washburn-inaugurated-january-5/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />April 30, 1874<br />{{small|(resigned)}}{{efn|Washburn resigned, having been [[1874–75 United States Senate elections|elected]] to the [[United States Senate]].{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=710–711}}}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1871 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1871]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1872 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1872]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|Thomas|Talbot|dab=Massachusetts politician}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1873 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1873]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|— |
|||
|data-sort-value="Talbot, Thomas"|[[File:GovThomasTalbot.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|'''[[Thomas Talbot (Massachusetts politician)|Thomas Talbot]]'''<br />{{Small|(1818–1885)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=711}}<ref name="nga-talbot">{{Cite web |title=Thomas Talbot |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/thomas-talbot/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|April 30, 1874}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1874 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/795831 401], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 7, 1875<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=138}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|{{small|Lieutenant<br />governor<br />acting}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|''Acting as governor'' |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|29 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Gaston, William"|[[File:GovWilliamGaston.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|'''[[William Gaston (Massachusetts politician)|William Gaston]]'''<br />{{Small|(1820–1894)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=712}}<ref name="nga-gaston">{{Cite web |title=William Gaston |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/william-gaston/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|January 7, 1875}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1875-01-08 |title=Massachusetts Legislature |page=4 |work=Boston Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120414946/gaston-inaugurated/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 6, 1876<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1874 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1874]] |
|||
|rowspan="4"|{{sortname|Horatio G.|Knight}}{{efn|name=lt-rep}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|30 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Rice, Alexander"|[[File:AHRice.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="7" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Alexander H. Rice]]'''<br />{{Small|(1818–1895)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=712–713}}<ref name="nga-rice">{{Cite web |title=Alexander Hamilton Rice |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/alexander-hamilton-rice/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 6, 1876}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1876-01-07 |title=Massachusetts Legislature |page=3 |work=Boston Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120425973/rice-inaugurated/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 2, 1879<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=712–713}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1875 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1875]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1876 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1876]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1877 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1877]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|31 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Talbot, Thomas"|[[File:GovThomasTalbot.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|'''[[Thomas Talbot (Massachusetts politician)|Thomas Talbot]]'''<br />{{Small|(1818–1885)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=711}}<ref name="nga-talbot" /> |
|||
|{{dts|January 2, 1879}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1879-01-02 |title=The Legislature |page=1 |work=The Boston Globe |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120426171/talbot-inaugurated/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 8, 1880<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=711}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1878 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1878]] |
|||
|{{sortname|John Davis|Long}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|32 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Long, John"|[[File:JDLong.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[John Davis Long]]'''<br />{{Small|(1838–1915)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=713–714}}<ref name="nga-long">{{Cite web |title=John Davis Long |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-davis-long/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 8, 1880}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1880 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/795865 12], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 4, 1883<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=713–714}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1879 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1879]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{sortname|Byron|Weston}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1880 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1880]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1881 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1881]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|33 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Butler, Benjamin"|[[File:BenFrankButler.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|'''[[Benjamin Butler]]'''<br />{{Small|(1818–1893)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=714–715}}<ref name="nga-butler">{{Cite web |title=Benjamin Franklin Butler |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/benjamin-franklin-butler/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|January 4, 1883}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1883 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/795885 12], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 3, 1884<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1882 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1882]] |
|||
|rowspan="4"|{{sortname|Oliver|Ames|dab=governor}}{{efn|name=lt-rep}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|34 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Robinson, George"|[[File:GovGeorgeDRobinson.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="7" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[George D. Robinson]]'''<br />{{Small|(1834–1896)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=715}}<ref name="nga-robinson">{{Cite web |title=George Dexter Robinson |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/george-dexter-robinson/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 3, 1884}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1884 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/795888 12], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 6, 1887<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=715}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1883 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1883]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1884 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1884]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1885 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1885]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|35 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Ames, Oliver"|[[File:Oliver Ames 1831–1895.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Oliver Ames (governor)|Oliver Ames]]'''<br />{{Small|(1831–1895)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=716}}<ref name="nga-ames">{{Cite web |title=Oliver Ames |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/oliver-ames/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 6, 1887}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1887 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/795898 13], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 2, 1890<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=716}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1886 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1886]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{sortname|John Q. A.|Brackett}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1887 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1887]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1888 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1888]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|36 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Brackett, John"|[[File:JohnQABrackett.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|'''[[John Q. A. Brackett]]'''<br />{{Small|(1842–1918)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=716–717}}<ref name="nga-brackett">{{Cite web |title=John Quincy Adams Brackett |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-quincy-adams-brackett/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|January 2, 1890}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1890 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/795912 14], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 8, 1891<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1889 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1889]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{sortname|William H.|Haile}}{{efn|name=lt-rep}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|37 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Russell, William"|[[File:GovWilliamERussell.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="3" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[William E. Russell (politician)|William E. Russell]]'''<br />{{Small|(1857–1896)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=717–718}}<ref name="nga-russell">{{Cite web |title=William Eustis Russell |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/william-eustis-russell/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 8, 1891}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1891 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/795931 16], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 4, 1894<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=717–718}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1890 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1890]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1891 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1891]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1892 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1892]] |
|||
|rowspan="4"|{{sortname|Roger|Wolcott|dab=Massachusetts politician}}{{efn|name=lt-rep}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|38 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Greenhalge, Frederic"|[[File:Frederick T. Greenhalge.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="12" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Frederic T. Greenhalge]]'''<br />{{Small|(1842–1896)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=718}}<ref name="nga-greenhalge">{{Cite web |title=Frederic Thomas Greenhalge |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/frederic-thomas-greenhalge/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 4, 1894}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1894 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/795999 15], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />March 5, 1896<br />{{small|(died in office)}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1893 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1893]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1894 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1894]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1895 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1895]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="4" scope="rowgroup"|39 |
|||
|rowspan="4" data-sort-value="Wolcott, Robert"|[[File:Roger Wolcott by Frederic Porter Vinton.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="4"|'''[[Roger Wolcott (Massachusetts politician)|Roger Wolcott]]'''<br />{{Small|(1847–1900)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=718–719}}<ref name="nga-wolcott">{{Cite web |title=Roger Wolcott |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/roger-wolcott/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="4"|{{dts|March 5, 1896}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1896-03-05 |title=Deep Mourning |page=1 |work=The North Adams Transcript |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120473126/wolcott-becomes-acting-governor/ |access-date=2023-03-09}}</ref><br />–<br />January 4, 1900<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=718–719}} |
|||
|rowspan="4"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|{{small|Lieutenant<br />governor<br />acting}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|''Acting as governor'' |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1896 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1896]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{sortname|Winthrop M.|Crane}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1897 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1897]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1898 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1898]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|40 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Crane, Winthrop"|[[File:Winthrop Murray Crane.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Winthrop M. Crane]]'''<br />{{Small|(1853–1920)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=719–720}}<ref name="nga-crane">{{Cite web |title=Winthrop Murray Crane |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/winthrop-murray-crane/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 4, 1900}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1900 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796030 14], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 8, 1903<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=719–720}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1899 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1899]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{sortname|John L.|Bates}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1900 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1900]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1901 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1901]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|41 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Bates, John"|[[File:GovJohnLBates.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[John L. Bates]]'''<br />{{Small|(1859–1946)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=720–721}}<ref name="nga-bates">{{Cite web |title=John Lewis Bates |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-lewis-bates/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|January 8, 1903}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1903 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796047 16], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 5, 1905<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1902 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1902]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{sortname|Curtis|Guild Jr.}}{{efn|name=lt-rep}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1903 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1903]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|42 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Douglas, William"|[[File:WilliamLewisDouglas.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|'''[[William Lewis Douglas]]'''<br />{{Small|(1845–1924)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=721}}<ref name="nga-douglas">{{Cite web |title=William Lewis Douglas |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/william-lewis-douglas/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|January 5, 1905}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1905 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796053 17], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 4, 1906<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=721}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1904 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1904]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|43 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Guild, Curtis"|[[File:Curtis Guild Jr.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="5" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Curtis Guild Jr.]]'''<br />{{Small|(1860–1915)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=721–722}}<ref name="nga-guild">{{Cite web |title=Curtis Guild |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/curtis-guild/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 4, 1906}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1906 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796068 16], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 7, 1909<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=721–722}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=144}} |
|||
|[[1905 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1905]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{sortname|Eben Sumner|Draper}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1906 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1906]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1907 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1907]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|44 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Draper, Eben"|[[File:Ebenezer Sumner Draper crop.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[Eben Sumner Draper]]'''<br />{{Small|(1858–1914)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=722–723}}<ref name="nga-draper">{{Cite web |title=Ebenezer Sumner Draper |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/ebenezer-sumner-draper/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|January 7, 1909}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1909 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796077 24], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 5, 1911<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1908 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1908]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{sortname|Louis A.|Frothingham}}{{efn|name=lt-rep}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1909 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1909]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|45 |
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|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Foss, Eugene"|[[File:Governor Foss.png|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="5" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Eugene Foss]]'''<br />{{Small|(1858–1939)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=723–724}}<ref name="nga-foss">{{Cite web |title=Eugene Noble Foss |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/eugene-noble-foss/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 5, 1911}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1911 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796106 26], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 8, 1914<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1910 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1910]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1911 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1911]] |
|||
|{{sortname|Robert|Luce}}{{efn|name=lt-rep}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1912 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1912]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
| [[David I. Walsh]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|46 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Walsh, David"|[[File:David I. Walsh (MA).jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[David I. Walsh]]'''<br />{{Small|(1872–1947)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=724}}<ref name="nga-walsh">{{Cite web |title=David Ignatius Walsh |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/david-ignatius-walsh/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|January 8, 1914}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1914 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796127 19], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 6, 1916<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1913 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1913]] |
|||
|{{sortname|Edward P.|Barry}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1914 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1914]] |
|||
|rowspan="13" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|[[Grafton D. Cushing]]{{efn|name=lt-rep}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|47 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="McCall, Samuel"|[[File:SamuelMcCall.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="10" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Samuel W. McCall]]'''<br />{{Small|(1851–1923)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=725}}<ref name="nga-mccall">{{Cite web |title=Samuel Walker McCall |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/samuel-walker-mccall/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 6, 1916}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1916 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796133 19], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 2, 1919<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=725}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1915 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1915]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{sortname|Calvin|Coolidge}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1916 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1916]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1917 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1917]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|48 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Coolidge, Calvin"|[[File:John Calvin Coolidge, Bain bw photo portrait.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[Calvin Coolidge]]'''<br />{{Small|(1872–1933)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=725–726}}<ref name="nga-coolidge">{{Cite web |title=John Calvin Coolidge |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-calvin-coolidge/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|January 2, 1919}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1919 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796144 20], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 6, 1921<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{efn|Coolidge was instead [[1920 United States presidential election|elected]] [[Vice President of the United States]].{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=725–726}}}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1918 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1918]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|Channing H.|Cox}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1919 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1919]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|49 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Cox, Channing"|[[File:Channing H Cox.png|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[Channing H. Cox]]'''<br />{{Small|(1879–1968)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=726–727}}<ref name="nga-cox">{{Cite web |title=Channing Harris Cox |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/channing-harris-cox/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|January 6, 1921}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1921 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796154 21], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 8, 1925<br />{{small|(did not run)}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1920 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1920]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|Alvan T.|Fuller}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1922 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1922]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|50 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Fuller, Alvan"|[[File:Alvin T Fuller.png|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[Alvan T. Fuller]]'''<br />{{Small|(1878–1958)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=727}}<ref name="nga-fuller">{{Cite web |title=Alvan Tufts Fuller |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/alvan-tufts-fuller/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|January 8, 1925}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1925 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796171 22], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 3, 1929<br />{{small|(did not run)}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1924 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1924]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|Frank G.|Allen}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1926 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1926]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|51 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Allen, Frank"|[[File:Frank G Allen.png|75px]] |
|||
|'''[[Frank G. Allen]]'''<br />{{Small|(1874–1950)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=727–728}}<ref name="nga-allen">{{Cite web |title=Frank G. Allen |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/frank-g-allen/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|January 3, 1929}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1929 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796191 24], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 8, 1931<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1928 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1928]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|William S.|Youngman}}{{efn|name=lt-rep}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|52 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Ely, Joseph"|[[File:Joseph B. Ely (MA).png|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="4" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[Joseph B. Ely]]'''<br />{{Small|(1881–1956)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=728–729}}<ref name="nga-ely">{{Cite web |title=Joseph Buell Ely |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/joseph-buell-ely/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|January 8, 1931}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1931 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796201 29], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 3, 1935<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=728–729}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1930 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1930]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1932 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1932]] |
|||
|{{sortname|Gaspar G.|Bacon}}{{efn|name=lt-rep}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|53 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Curley, James"|[[File:James Michael Curley.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|'''[[James Michael Curley]]'''<br />{{Small|(1874–1958)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=729–730}}<ref name="nga-curley">{{Cite web |title=James Michael Curley |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/james-michael-curley/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|January 3, 1935}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the House of Representatives''. 1935 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796216 32], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 7, 1937<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{efn|Curley instead [[1936 United States Senate election in Massachusetts|ran unsuccessfully]] for the [[United States Senate]].{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=729–730}}}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1934 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1934]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|{{sortname|Joseph L.|Hurley}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|54 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Hurley, Charles"|[[File:Charles Francis Hurley 1937.png|75px]] |
|||
|'''[[Charles F. Hurley]]'''<br />{{Small|(1893–1946)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=730}}<ref name="nga-hurley">{{Cite web |title=Charles Francis Hurley |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/charles-francis-hurley/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|January 7, 1937}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1937 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796223 31], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 5, 1939<br />{{small|(lost nomination)}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1936 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1936]] |
|||
|{{sortname|Francis E.|Kelly}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|55 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Saltonstall, Leverett"|[[File:Leverett Saltonstall (MA).jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="3" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Leverett Saltonstall]]'''<br />{{Small|(1892–1979)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=730–731}}<ref name="nga-saltonstall">{{Cite web |title=Leverett Saltonstall |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/leverett-saltonstall/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 5, 1939}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1939 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796230 25], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 4, 1945<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{efn|Saltonstall was instead [[1944 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts|elected]] to the [[United States Senate]].{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=730–731}}}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1938 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1938]] |
|||
|rowspan="5" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{sortname|Horace T.|Cahill}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1940 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1940]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1942 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1942]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|56 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Tobin, Maurice"|[[File:Mjtobin.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|'''[[Maurice J. Tobin]]'''<br />{{Small|(1901–1953)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=731}}<ref name="nga-tobin">{{Cite web |title=Maurice Tobin |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/maurice-tobin/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|January 4, 1945}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1945 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796244 43], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 2, 1947<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1944 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1944]] |
|||
|{{sortname|Robert F.|Bradford}}{{efn|name=lt-rep}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|57 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Bradford, Robert"|[[File:Robert F. Bradford (Massachusetts Governor).jpg|75px]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|'''[[Robert F. Bradford]]'''<br />{{Small|(1902–1983)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=732}}<ref name="nga-bradford">{{Cite web |title=Robert Fiske Bradford |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/robert-fiske-bradford/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|January 2, 1947}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1947 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796250 36], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 6, 1949<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1946 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1946]] |
|||
|{{sortname|Arthur W.|Coolidge}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|58 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Dever, Paul"|[[File:PaulADever.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[Paul A. Dever]]'''<br />{{Small|(1903–1958)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=732–733}}<ref name="nga-dever">{{Cite web |title=Paul Andrew Dever |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/paul-andrew-dever/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|January 6, 1949}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the House of Representatives''. 1949 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796254 25], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 8, 1953<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1948 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1948]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|Charles F.|Sullivan}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1950 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1950]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|59 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Herter, Christian"|[[File:Christian Archibald Herter (politician).jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[Christian Herter]]'''<br />{{Small|(1895–1966)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=733–734}}<ref name="nga-herter">{{Cite web |title=Christian Archibald Herter |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/christian-archibald-herter/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|January 8, 1953}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1953 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796270 208], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 3, 1957<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=733–734}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1952 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1952]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|Sumner G.|Whittier}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1954 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1954]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|60 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Furcolo, Foster"|[[File:Foster Furcolo, 60th Governor of Massachusetts.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="3" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Foster Furcolo]]'''<br />{{Small|(1911–1995)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=734}}<ref name="nga-furcolo">{{Cite web |title=Foster John Furcolo |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/foster-john-furcolo/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 3, 1957}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1957 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796305 14], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 5, 1961<br />{{small|(did not run)}}{{efn|Furcolo instead [[1960 United States Senate election in Massachusetts|ran unsuccessfully]] for the Democratic nomination to the [[United States Senate]].{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=734}}}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1956 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1956]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|Robert F.|Murphy|dab=politician}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[1958 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1958]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|colspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE;"|''Vacant'' |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|61 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Volpe, John"|[[File:John Volpe (1970).jpg|75px]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|'''[[John A. Volpe]]'''<br />{{Small|(1908–1994)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=734–735}}<ref name="nga-volpe">{{Cite web |title=John Anthony Volpe |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-anthony-volpe/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|January 5, 1961}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1961 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796327 14], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 3, 1963<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1960 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1960]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|{{sortname|Edward F.|McLaughlin Jr.}}{{efn|Represented the [[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic Party]]|name=lt-dem}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|62 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Peabody, Endicott"|[[File:Endicott Peabody (MA).png|75px]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|'''[[Endicott Peabody]]'''<br />{{Small|(1920–1997)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=735–736}}<ref name="nga-peabody">{{Cite web |title=Endicott Peabody |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/endicott-peabody/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|January 3, 1963}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1963 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796337 16], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 7, 1965<br />{{small|(lost nomination)}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
|||
|[[1962 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1962]] |
|||
|{{sortname|Francis|Bellotti}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|63 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Volpe, John"|[[File:John Volpe (1970).jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="4" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[John A. Volpe]]'''<br />{{Small|(1908–1994)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=734–735}}<ref name="nga-volpe" /> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|January 7, 1965}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1965 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796348 319], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 22, 1969<br />{{small|(resigned)}}{{efn|Volpe resigned, having been confirmed as [[United States Secretary of Transportation]].{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=734–735}}}} |
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|rowspan="2"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
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|[[1964 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1964]] |
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|rowspan="4" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|{{sortname|Elliot|Richardson}} |
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|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1966 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1966]] |
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|{{sortname|Francis|Sargent}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|64 |
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|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Sargent, Francis"|[[File:Governor Francis Sargent (cropped).jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[Francis Sargent]]'''<br />{{Small|(1915–1998)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|pp=736–737}}<ref name="nga-sargent">{{Cite web |title=Francis Williams Sargent |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/francis-williams-sargent/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|January 22, 1969}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1969-01-22 |title=Sargent in Governor Role As Volpe Sworn In at D.C. |page=1 |work=Transcript-Telegram |agency=Associated Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120478664/sargent-in-governor-role-as-volpe-sworn/ |access-date=2023-03-09}}</ref><br />–<br />January 2, 1975<br />{{small|(lost election)}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
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|style="background:#EEEEEE"|{{small|Lieutenant<br />governor<br />acting}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|''Acting as governor'' |
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|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1970 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1970]] |
|||
|{{sortname|Donald|Dwight}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|65 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Dukakis, Michael"|[[File:Governor Dukakis speaks at the 1976 Democratic National Convention (cropped).jpg|75px]] |
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|rowspan="5" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|'''[[Michael Dukakis]]'''<br />{{Small|({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1933)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=737}}<ref name="nga-dukakis">{{Cite web |title=Michael Stanley Dukakis |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/michael-stanley-dukakis/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|January 2, 1975}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1975 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796386 299], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 4, 1979<br />{{small|(lost nomination)}} |
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|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
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|[[1974 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1974]] |
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|rowspan="3" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
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|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|Thomas P.|O'Neill III}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|66 |
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|data-sort-value="King, Edward"|[[File:Edward J. King.png|75px]] |
|||
|'''[[Edward J. King]]'''<br />{{Small|(1925–2006)}} |
|||
|{{dts|January 4, 1979}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1979 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796419 254A], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 6, 1983<br />{{small|(lost nomination)}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]{{sfn|Glashan|1979|p=146}} |
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|[[1978 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1978]] |
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|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|67 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Dukakis, Michael"|[[File:Governor Michael Dukakis (1).jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Michael Dukakis]]'''<br />{{Small|({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1933)}}<br />{{sfn|Sobel|1978|p=737}}<ref name="nga-dukakis" /> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 6, 1983}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1983 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796440 18A], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 3, 1991<br />{{small|(did not run)}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]<ref name="nga-dukakis" /> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[1982 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1982]] |
|||
|{{sortname|John|Kerry}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|colspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE;"|''Vacant'' |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1986 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1986]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|{{sortname|Evelyn|Murphy}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|68 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Weld, Bill"|[[File:William F. Weld (MA).jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="6" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[Bill Weld]]'''<br />{{Small|({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1945)}}<br /><ref name="nga-weld">{{Cite web |title=William Floyd Weld |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/william-floyd-weld/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|January 3, 1991}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1991 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796482 334A], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />July 29, 1997<br />{{small|(resigned)}}{{efn|Weld resigned when nominated to be [[List of ambassadors of the United States to Mexico|United States Ambassador to Mexico]], but was not confirmed.<ref name="nga-weld" />}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]<ref name="nga-weld" /> |
|||
|[[1990 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1990]] |
|||
|rowspan="6" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|Paul|Cellucci}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1994 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1994]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|69 |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Cellucci, Paul"|[[File:Paul Cellucci gubernatorial photo.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[Paul Cellucci]]'''<br />{{Small|(1948–2013)}}<br /><ref name="nga-cellucci">{{Cite web |title=Argeo Paul Cellucci |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/argeo-paul-cellucci/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|July 29, 1997}}<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Phillips |first1=Frank |last2=Walker |first2=Adrian |date=1997-07-30 |title='Citizen Weld' Steps Out; Cellucci Steps Forward |page=A1 |work=The Boston Globe |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120479052/citizen-weld-steps-out-cellucci/ |access-date=2023-03-09}}</ref><br />–<br />April 10, 2001<br />{{small|(resigned)}}{{efn|Cellucci resigned, having been confirmed as [[List of ambassadors of the United States to Canada|United States Ambassador to Canada]].<ref name="nga-cellucci" />}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]<ref name="nga-cellucci" /> |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|{{small|Lieutenant<br />governor<br />acting}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|''Acting as governor'' |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[1998 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|1998]] |
|||
|{{sortname|Jane|Swift}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|— |
|||
|data-sort-value="Swift, Jane"|[[File:Jane Swift gubernatorial photo.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|'''[[Jane Swift]]'''<br />{{Small|({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1965)}}<br /><ref name="nga-swift">{{Cite web |title=Jane Maria Swift |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/jane-maria-swift/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|April 10, 2001}}<ref>{{Cite news |last=Phillips |first=Frank |date=2001-04-11 |title='Her Excellency': Swift Is First Woman To Serve As Mass. Governor |page=A1 |work=The Boston Globe |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/120479127/her-excellency-swift-is-first-woman/ |access-date=2023-03-09}}</ref><br />–<br />January 2, 2003<br />{{small|(did not run)}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]<ref name="nga-swift" /> |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|{{small|Lieutenant<br />governor<br />acting}} |
|||
|style="background:#EEEEEE"|''Acting as governor'' |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|[[Governorship of Mitt Romney|70]] |
|||
|data-sort-value="Romney, Mitt"|[[File:Mitt Romney's official gubernatorial portrait (cropped).jpg|75px]] |
|||
|'''[[Mitt Romney]]'''<br />{{Small|({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1947)}}<br /><ref name="nga-romney">{{Cite web |title=Mitt Romney |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/mitt-romney/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|January 2, 2003}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 2003 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796546 4], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 4, 2007<br />{{small|(did not run)}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]<ref name="nga-romney" /> |
|||
|[[2002 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|2002]] |
|||
|{{sortname|Kerry|Healey}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup"|71 |
|||
|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Patrick, Deval"|[[File:Deval Patrick official photo.jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="3" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Deval Patrick]]'''<br />{{Small|({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1956)}}<br /><ref name="nga-patrick">{{Cite web |title=Deval Patrick |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/deval-patrick/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="3"|{{dts|January 4, 2007}}<ref>Massachusetts General Court. ''Journal of the Senate''. 2007 sess., [https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/796565 9], accessed March 8, 2023</ref><br />–<br />January 8, 2015<br />{{small|(did not run)}} |
|||
|rowspan="3"|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]<ref name="nga-patrick" /> |
|||
|[[2006 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|2006]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|Tim|Murray}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[2010 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|2010]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|colspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE;"|''Vacant'' |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"|[[Governorship of Charlie Baker|72]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" data-sort-value="Baker, Charlie"|[[File:Charlie Baker official photo (cropped).jpg|75px]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|'''[[Charlie Baker]]'''<br />{{Small|({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1956)}}<br /><ref name="nga-baker">{{Cite web |title=Charlie Baker |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/charlie-baker/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{dts|January 8, 2015}}<ref>{{Cite news |last=Miller |first=Joshua |date=January 8, 2015 |title=Charlie Baker Takes Over As 72d Governor of Mass. |work=[[Boston Globe]] |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2015/01/08/charlie-baker-take-oath-office-governor-today/kUsixGCsMb0j2wbVpcbOgK/story.html |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />January 5, 2023<br />{{small|(did not run)}} |
|||
|rowspan="2"|[[Massachusetts Republican Party|Republican]]<ref name="nga-baker" /> |
|||
|[[2014 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|2014]] |
|||
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|rowspan="2"|{{sortname|Karyn|Polito}} |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
|[[2018 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|2018]] |
|||
|- style="height:2em" |
|||
!scope="row"|73 |
|||
|data-sort-value="Healey, Maura"|[[File:Maura Healey, official portrait, governor (cropped).jpg|75px]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|'''[[Maura Healey]]'''<br />{{Small|({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1971)}}<br /><ref name="nga-healey">{{Cite web |title=Maura Healey |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/maura-healy/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}}</ref> |
|||
|{{dts|January 5, 2023}}<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Platoff |first1=Emma |last2=Stout |first2=Matt |date=January 5, 2023 |title='Massachusetts Can, and Will, Lead the World': Maura Healey Sworn In As State's 73rd Governor |work=[[Boston Globe]] |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/01/05/metro/maura-healey-be-sworn-thursday-massachusetts-73rd-governor/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref><br />–<br />Incumbent{{efn|Healey's term [[2026 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|will expire]] on January 7, 2027.}} |
|||
|[[Massachusetts Democratic Party|Democratic]]<ref name="nga-healey" /> |
|||
|[[2022 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|2022]] |
|||
|style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};"| |
|||
|{{sortname|Kim|Driscoll}} |
|||
|} |
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==Notes== |
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Article LV of the Constitution annulled this line of succession and created a new line that did not entrust |
|||
{{notelist}} |
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the governorship to an eight-member council. The new and current line of succession is as follows: |
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==References== |
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*Governor ([[Mitt Romney]]) |
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'''Citations''' |
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*Lieutenant Governor ([[Kerry Healey]]) |
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{{Reflist|30em}} |
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*Secretary of the Commonwealth ([[William F. Galvin|William Francis Galvin]]) |
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*Attorney General ([[Thomas Reilly|Thomas C. Reilly]]) |
|||
*Treasurer and Receiver-General ([[Tim Cahill]]) |
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*Auditor ([[A. Joseph DeNucci]]) |
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'''Sources''' |
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==List of [[Massachusetts]] Governors== |
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{{refbegin}} |
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*{{Cite book |title=Journals of each Provincial Congress of Massachusetts in 1774 and 1775 and of the Committee of Safety, with an Appendix containing the Proceedings of the County Conventions_Narratives of the Events of the Nineteenth of April, 1775-Paper relating to Ticonderoga and Crown Point, and other documents |publisher=Dutton and Wentworth, Printers to the State |year=1838 |editor-last=Lincoln |editor-first=William}} |
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*{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/commonwealthhist04hart |title=Commonwealth History of Massachusetts |publisher=The States History Company |year=1927 |editor-last=Hart |editor-first=Albert Bushnell |location=New York |oclc=1543273}} (five volume history of Massachusetts until the early 20th century; volume 3 deals with the provisional period and post-independence history until 1820) |
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*{{Cite book |last=Morison |first=Samuel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YvAnAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA18 |title=A History of the Constitution of Massachusetts |date=1917 |publisher=Wright & Potter Printing Co. |location=Harvard University Library}} |
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*{{Cite book |last=Truslow Adams |first=James |url=https://archive.org/details/foundingnewengl03adamgoog |title=The Founding of New England |date=1913 |publisher=Atlantic Monthly Press |location=Stanford University Library}} |
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* {{Cite web |title=Former Massachusetts Governors |url=https://www.nga.org/former-governors/massachusetts/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |publisher=National Governors Association}} |
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* {{Cite book |last=Sobel |first=Robert |url=https://archive.org/details/biographicaldire0000sobe/ |title=Biographical directory of the governors of the United States, 1789-1978, Vol. II |publisher=Meckler Books |year=1978 |isbn=9780930466008 |access-date=March 6, 2023}} |
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*{{Cite book |last=Dubin |first=Michael J. |url=http://archive.org/details/unitedstatesgube0000dubi |title=United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1776-1860: The Official Results by State and County |date=2003 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-7864-1439-0}} |
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* {{Cite book |last=Dubin |first=Michael J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WYJAIOabIPgC |title=United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1861-1911: The Official Results by State and County |date=2014 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-7864-5646-8 |language=en}} |
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*{{Cite book |last=Kallenbach |first=Joseph Ernest |url=http://archive.org/details/americanstategov0000kall |title=American State Governors, 1776-1976 |date=1977 |publisher=Oceana Publications |isbn=978-0-379-00665-0 |access-date=September 23, 2023}} |
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*{{Cite book |last=Glashan |first=Roy R. |url=http://archive.org/details/americangovernor0000glas |title=American Governors and Gubernatorial Elections, 1775-1978 |date=1979 |publisher=Meckler Books |isbn=978-0-930466-17-6}} |
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* {{Cite web |title=Our Campaigns - Governor of Massachusetts - History |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/ContainerHistory.html?ContainerID=238 |access-date=2023-07-25 |website=www.ourcampaigns.com}} |
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{{refend}} |
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==External links== |
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Colonial governors can be found at page for the [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]]. |
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* {{Official website}} |
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* {{Citation |title=Office of the Governor |hdl=2452/35301}}. (Various documents). |
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{{Governors of Massachusetts}} |
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*[[John Hancock]] None 1780-1785 |
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{{Navboxes |
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*[[Thomas Cushing]] None 1785-1785 |
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|list = |
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*[[James Bowdoin]] None 1785-1787 |
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{{Massachusetts}} |
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*[[John Hancock]] None 1787-1793 |
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{{BaystatersList}} |
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*[[Samuel Adams (American revolutionary)|Samuel Adams]] None 1794-1797 |
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{{Current Massachusetts statewide political officials}} |
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*[[Increase Sumner]] Federalist 1797-1799 |
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{{Massachusetts government}} |
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*[[Moses Gill]] None 1799-1800 |
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{{Lists of US Governors}} |
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*[[Caleb Strong]] Federalist 1800-1807 |
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{{Current U.S. Governors}} |
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*[[James Sullivan]] Dem.-Rep. 1807-1808 |
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}} |
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*[[Levi Lincoln]] Dem.-Rep. 1808-1809 |
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*[[Christopher Gore]] Federalist 1809-1810 |
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*[[Elbridge Gerry]] Dem.-Rep. 1810-1812 |
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*[[Caleb Strong]] Federalist 1812-1816 |
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*[[John Brooks]] Federalist 1816-1823 |
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*[[William Eustis]] Dem.-Rep. 1823-1825 |
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*[[Marcus Morton]] Dem.-Rep. 1825-1825 |
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*[[Levi Lincoln]] Dem.-Rep. 1825-1834 |
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*[[John Davis (Massachusetts Governor)|John Davis]] Whig 1834-1835 |
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*[[Samuel Armstrong]] Whig 1835-1836 |
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*[[Edward Everett]] Whig 1836-1840 |
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*[[Marcus Morton]] Democratic 1840-1841 |
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*[[John Davis (Massachusetts Governor)|John Davis]] Whig 1841-1843 |
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*[[Marcus Morton]] Democratic 1843-1844 |
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*[[George N. Briggs]] Whig 1844-1851 |
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*[[George S. Boutwell]] Democratic 1851-1853 |
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*[[John H. Clifford]] Whig 1853-1854 |
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*[[Emory Washburn]] Whig 1854-1855 |
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*[[Henry J. Gardner]] Know Nothing Party 1855-1858 |
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*[[Nathaniel P. Banks]] Republican 1858-1861 |
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*[[John A. Andrew]] Republican 1861-1866 |
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*[[Alexander H. Bullock]] Republican 1866-1869 |
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*[[William Claflin]] Republican 1869-1872 |
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*[[William B. Washburn]] Republican 1872-1874 |
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*[[Thomas Talbot (Massachusetts)|Thomas Talbot]] Republican 1874-1875 |
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*[[William Gaston]] Democratic 1875-1876 |
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*[[Alexander H. Rice]] Republican 1876-1879 |
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*[[Thomas Talbot (Massachusetts)|Thomas Talbot]] Republican 1879-1880 |
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*[[John D. Long]] Republican 1880-1883 |
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*[[Benjamin Franklin Butler (politician)|Benjamin Franklin Butler]] Democratic 1883-1884 |
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*[[George D. Robinson]] Republican 1884-1887 |
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*[[Oliver Ames]] Republican 1887-1890 |
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*[[John Q. A. Brackett]] Republican 1890-1891 |
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*[[William E. Russell]] Democratic 1891-1894 |
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*[[Frederic T. Greenhalge]] Republican 1894-1896 |
|||
*[[Roger Wolcott]] Republican 1896-1900 |
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*[[Winthrop Murray Crane]] Republican 1900-1903 |
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*[[John L. Bates]] Republican 1903-1905 |
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*[[William L. Douglas]] Democratic 1905-1906 |
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*[[Curtis Guild, Jr.]] Republican 1906-1909 |
|||
*[[Ebenezer Sumner Draper|Ebenezer S. Draper]] Republican 1909-1911 |
|||
*[[Eugene N. Foss]] Democratic 1911-1914 |
|||
*[[David I. Walsh]] Democratic 1914-1916 |
|||
*[[Samuel W. McCall]] Republican 1916-1919 |
|||
*[[Calvin Coolidge ]]Republican 1919-1921 |
|||
*[[Channing H. Cox]] Republican 1921-1925 |
|||
*[[Alvan T. Fuller]] Republican 1925-1929 |
|||
*[[Frank G. Allen]] Republican 1929-1931 |
|||
*[[Joseph B. Ely]] Democratic 1931-1935 |
|||
*[[James Michael Curley]] Democratic 1935-1937 |
|||
*[[Charles F. Hurley]] Democratic 1937-1939 |
|||
*[[Leverett Saltonstall]] Republican 1939-1945 |
|||
*[[Maurice J. Tobin]] Democratic 1945-1947 |
|||
*[[Robert F. Bradford]] Republican 1947-1949 |
|||
*[[Paul A. Dever]] Democratic 1949-1953 |
|||
*[[Christian Herter]] Republican 1953-1957 |
|||
*[[Foster Furcolo]] Democratic 1957-1961 |
|||
*[[John A. Volpe]] Republican 1961-1963 |
|||
*[[Endicott Peabody]] Democratic 1963-1965 |
|||
*[[John A. Volpe]] Republican 1965-1969 |
|||
*[[Francis W. Sargent]] Republican 1969-1975 |
|||
*[[Michael Dukakis]] Democratic 1975-1979 |
|||
*[[Edward J. King]] Democratic 1979-1983 |
|||
*[[Michael Dukakis]] Democratic 1983-1991 |
|||
*[[William Weld]] Republican 1991-1997 |
|||
*[[Paul Cellucci]] Republican 1997-2001 |
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*[[Jane Swift]] Republican 2001-2003 |
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*[[Mitt Romney]] Republican 2003- |
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[[Category:Governors of Massachusetts| ]] |
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[[Category:Lists of state governors of the United States|Massachusetts]] |
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[[Category:Lists of Massachusetts politicians|Governors]] |
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[[Category:Commonwealth constitutional officers of Massachusetts|Governor]] |
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[[Category:1780 establishments in the Province of Massachusetts Bay]] |
Latest revision as of 00:46, 25 August 2024
Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts | |
---|---|
![]() Seal of the governor | |
![]() Standard of the governor | |
since January 5, 2023 | |
Government of Massachusetts | |
Style |
|
Status | Head of state Head of government |
Member of | Governor's Council Cabinet |
Residence | None official |
Seat | State House, Boston, Massachusetts |
Nominator | Nominating petition, Political parties |
Appointer | Popular vote |
Term length | Four years, no term limits[1] |
Constituting instrument | Constitution of Massachusetts |
Formation | Original post: April 30, 1629 Current form: October 25, 1780 |
First holder | John Endecott |
Deputy | Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts |
Salary | $185,000 (2022)[2] |
Website | Official website ![]() |
The governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is the chief executive officer of the government of Massachusetts. The governor is the head of the state cabinet and the commander-in-chief of the commonwealth's military forces.
Massachusetts has a republican system of government that is akin to a presidential system. The governor acts as the head of government while having a distinct role from that of the legislative branch. The governor has far-reaching political obligations, including ceremonial and political duties. The governor also signs bills into law and has veto power. The governor is a member of the Massachusetts Governor's Council, a popularly elected council with eight members who provide advice and consent on certain legal matters and appointments.[3]
Beginning with the Massachusetts Bay Company in 1629, the role of the governor has changed throughout its history in terms of powers and selection. The modern form of the position was created in the 1780 Constitution of Massachusetts, which called for the position of a "supreme executive magistrate".[4]
Governors of Massachusetts are elected every four years during state elections that are held on the first Tuesday of November after November 1. As of November 2022, the most recent Massachusetts gubernatorial election was held in 2022. Following each gubernatorial election, the elected governor is inaugurated on the Thursday after the first Wednesday in January following the election.[5] There are no term limits restricting how long a governor may serve.[6][7][8] The longest-serving Massachusetts governor is Michael Dukakis, who served 12 years; Dukakis was in office from 1975 to 1979 and from 1983 to 1991. The current governor is Maura Healey, a Democrat who won the 2022 gubernatorial election.
Qualifications
[edit]Any person seeking to become governor of Massachusetts must meet the following requirements:[9]
- Be at least eighteen years of age
- Be a registered voter in Massachusetts
- Be a Massachusetts resident for at least seven years when elected
- Receive 10,000 signatures from registered voters on nomination papers
Election and term
[edit]The governor is an elected position. The term of office is four years, with no term limit.
Elections for governor are held on a four-year basis concurrently with elections for the offices of lieutenant governor, attorney general, secretary of the commonwealth, state treasurer, and state auditor.
History
[edit]The role of governor has existed in Massachusetts since the Royal Charter of 1628. The original role was one of a president of the board of a joint-stock company, namely the Massachusetts Bay Company. The governor would be elected by freemen, who were shareholders of the company. These shareholders were mostly colonists themselves who fit certain religious requirements. The governor acted in a vice-regal manner, overseeing the governance and functioning of the colony. Originally they were supposed to reside in London, as was the case with other colonial company governors, although this protocol was broken when John Winthrop was appointed governor. The governor served as the executive of the colony, originally elected annually, they were joined by a Council of Assistants. This council was a group of magistrates who performed judicial functions, acted as an upper house of the General Court, and provided advice and consent to the governor. The early governors of Massachusetts Bay were staunchly Puritan colonists who wished to form a state that coincided with religious law.[10]
With the founding of the Dominion of New England by James II of England, the New England colonies were combined with the Province of New York, Province of West Jersey, and the Province of East Jersey. During this period (1686–1689) Massachusetts had no governor of its own. Instead there existed a royally appointed governor who resided in Boston and served at the King's pleasure. Though there existed a council which served as a quasi-legislature, however the logistics of calling the council to meet were so arduous that the Dominion was essentially governed by the Crown through the royal governor. The reason for the creation of such a post was there existed tremendous hostility between the Kingdom of England and the colonists of Massachusetts Bay. In an effort to bring the colonies under tighter control the Crown dismantled the old assembly system and created the Viceroy system based on the Spanish model in New Spain. This model of government was greatly disliked by the colonists all throughout British North America but especially in New England where colonists at one time did have some semblance of democratic and local control. With the Glorious Revolution and the Boston Revolt the Dominion was abolished in 1689.[11]
With the creation of the Massachusetts Charter in 1691, the role of civilian governor was restored in Massachusetts Bay. Now the Province of Massachusetts Bay, the colony then encompassed the territory of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the Plymouth Colony, and areas of what is now the state of Maine. The governor however would not be chosen by the electorate, instead the position would remain a royal appointment. In order to ease tensions with royal authorities and the colonists the General Court was reestablished and given significant powers. This created acrimony between the governors and the assembly of the General Court. The governor could veto any decision made by the assembly and had control over the militia, however the General Court had authority of the treasury and provincial finances. This meant that in the event the governor did not agree with or consent with the rulings and laws of the General Court then the assembly would threaten to withhold any pay for the governor and other Royal Officers.[12]
From 1765 on the unraveling of the Province into a full political crisis only increased the tensions between the governor and the people of Massachusetts Bay. Following the passage of the Stamp Act Governor Thomas Hutchinson had his home broken into and ransacked. The early stages of the American Revolution saw political turmoil in Massachusetts Bay. With the passage of the Intolerable Acts the then Royal Governor Thomas Gage dissolved the General Court and began to govern the province by decree. In 1774 the Massachusetts Provincial Congress was formed as an alternative revolutionary government to the royal government in Boston. With Massachusetts Bay declaring its independence in May 1776 the role of governor was vacant for four years. The executive role during this time was filled by the Governor's Council, the Committee of Safety, and the president of the Congress when in session.[12]
With the adoption of the Constitution of Massachusetts in 1780 the role of an elected civilian governor was restored. John Hancock was elected as the first governor of the independent commonwealth on October 25, 1780.[12]
Constitutional role
[edit]Part the Second, Chapter II, Section I, Article I of the Massachusetts Constitution reads,
There shall be a supreme executive magistrate, who shall be styled, The Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; and whose title shall be – His Excellency.
The governor of Massachusetts is the chief executive of the commonwealth, and is supported by a number of subordinate officers. He, like most other state officers, senators, and representatives, was originally elected annually. In 1918 this was changed to a two-year term, and since 1966 the office of governor has carried a four-year term. The governor of Massachusetts does not receive a mansion or other official residence and resides in their own private residence. However, the governor does receive a housing allowance/stipend for $65,000. The title "His Excellency" is a holdover from the royally appointed governors of the Province of Massachusetts Bay. The first governor to use the title was Richard Coote, 1st Earl of Bellomont, in 1699; since he was an Earl, it was thought proper to call him "Your Excellency." The title was retained until 1742, when an order from King George II forbade its further use. However, the framers of the state constitution revived it because they found it fitting to dignify the governor with this title.[13]
The governor also serves as commander-in-chief of the commonwealth's armed forces.
Succession
[edit]According to the Massachusetts State Constitution:
Whenever the chair of the governor shall be vacant, by reason of his death, or absence from the commonwealth, or otherwise, the lieutenant governor, for the time being, shall, during such vacancy, perform all the duties incumbent upon the governor, and shall have and exercise all the powers and authorities, which by this constitution the governor is vested with, when personally present.[14]
The Constitution does not use the term "acting governor", but the practice in Massachusetts has been that the lieutenant governor retains the position and title as "lieutenant governor" and becomes acting governor, not governor. The lieutenant governor, when acting as governor, is referred to as "the lieutenant-governor, acting governor" in official documents.[15]
Despite this terminology, the Massachusetts courts have found that the full authority of the office of the governor devolves to the lieutenant governor upon vacancy in the office of governor, and that there is no circumstance short of death, resignation, or impeachment that would relieve the acting governor from the full gubernatorial responsibilities.[citation needed]
The first use of the succession provision occurred in 1785, five years after the constitution's adoption, when Governor John Hancock resigned the post, leaving Lieutenant Governor Thomas Cushing as acting governor. Most recently, Jane Swift became acting governor upon the resignation of Paul Cellucci.
When the constitution was first adopted, the Governor's Council was charged with acting as governor in the event that both the governorship and lieutenant governorship were vacant. This occurred in 1799 when Governor Increase Sumner died in office on June 7, 1799, leaving Lieutenant Governor Moses Gill as acting governor. Acting Governor Gill never received a lieutenant and died on May 20, 1800, between that year's election and the inauguration of Governor-elect Caleb Strong. The Governor's Council served as the executive for ten days; the council's chair, Thomas Dawes was at no point named governor or acting governor.
Article LV of the Constitution, enacted in 1918, created a new line of succession:
# | Office | Current officeholder |
---|---|---|
Governor of Massachusetts | Maura Healey (D) | |
1 | Lieutenant Governor | Kim Driscoll (D) |
2 | Secretary of the Commonwealth | William F. Galvin (D) |
3 | Attorney General | Andrea Campbell (D) |
4 | Treasurer and Receiver-General | Deb Goldberg (D) |
5 | Auditor | Diana DiZoglio (D) |
Cabinet
[edit]The governor has a 10-person cabinet, each of whom oversees a portion of the government under direct administration (as opposed to independent executive agencies). See Government of Massachusetts for a complete listing.
Traditions
[edit]The front doors of the State House are only opened when a governor leaves office, a head of state or the president of the United States comes to visit the State House, or for the return of flags from Massachusetts regiments at the end of wars. The tradition of the ceremonial door originated when departing governor Benjamin Butler kicked open the front door and walked out by himself in 1884.
Incoming governors usually choose at least one past governor's portrait to hang in their office.
Immediately before being sworn into office, the governor-elect receives four symbols from the departing governor: the ceremonial pewter "Key" for the governor's office door, the Butler Bible, the "Gavel", and a two-volume set of the Massachusetts General Statutes with a personal note from the departing governor to their successor added to the back of the text. The governor-elect is then escorted by the sergeant-at-arms to the House Chamber and sworn in by the President of the Senate before a joint session of the House and Senate.[16]
Lone walk
[edit]Upon completion of their term, the departing governor takes a "lone walk" down the Grand Staircase, through the House of Flags, into Doric Hall, out the central doors, and down the steps of the Massachusetts State House. The governor then crosses the street into Boston Common, thereby symbolically rejoining the commonwealth as a private citizen. Benjamin Butler started the tradition in 1884.[17] Some walks have been modified with some past governors having their wives, friends, or staff accompany them.[18] A 19-gun salute is offered during the walk, and frequently the steps are lined by the outgoing governor's friends and supporters.[19]
In January 1991, outgoing lieutenant governor Evelyn Murphy, the first woman elected to statewide office in Massachusetts, walked down the stairs before Governor Michael Dukakis. In a break from tradition, the January 2007 inauguration of Governor Deval Patrick took place the day after outgoing governor Mitt Romney took the lone walk down the front steps.[19]
Governor's residence
[edit]Despite several proposals for establishing an official residence for the governor of Massachusetts, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts does not have a governor's mansion.
In 1955, Governor Foster Furcolo turned down a proposal to establish the Shirley–Eustis House in Roxbury, built by royal Governor William Shirley, as the official residence.[20]
At one time, Governor John A. Volpe accepted the donation of the Endicott Estate in Dedham from the heirs of Henry Bradford Endicott. He intended to renovate the 19th-century mansion into a splendid governor's residence.[21] After Volpe resigned to become United States Secretary of Transportation in the Nixon administration, the plan was aborted by his successor in consideration of budgetary constraints and because the location was considered too far from the seat of power, the State House in Boston.
Prior to their respective demolitions in 1922 and 1863, the Province House and the Hancock Manor[21] were also proposed as official residences.
Since the governor has no official residence, the expression "corner office", rather than "governor's mansion", is commonly used in the press as a metonym for the office of governor. This refers instead to the governor's office on the third floor of the State House.[22]
List of governors
[edit]![]() | It has been suggested that this section should be split into a new article titled List of governors of Massachusetts. (discuss) (November 2023) |
Since 1780, 65 people have been elected governor, six to non-consecutive terms (John Hancock, Caleb Strong, Marcus Morton, John Davis, John Volpe, and Michael Dukakis), and seven lieutenant governors have acted as governor without subsequently being elected governor. Thomas Talbot served a stint as acting governor, but was elected governor several years later. Prior to 1918 constitutional reforms, both the governor's office and that of lieutenant governor were vacant on one occasion, when the state was governed by the Governor's Council.
Colonial Massachusetts
[edit]The colonial history of Massachusetts begins with the founding first of the Plymouth Colony in 1620, and then the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1628. The Dominion of New England combined these and other New England colonies into a single unit in 1686, but collapsed in 1689. In 1692 the Province of Massachusetts Bay was established, merging Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay, which then included the territory of present-day Maine.
Colonial governors of Plymouth and the Massachusetts Bay Colony were elected annually by a limited subset of the male population (known as freemen), while Dominion officials and those of the 1692 province were appointed by the British crown. In 1774 General Thomas Gage became the last royally appointed governor of Massachusetts. He was recalled to England after the Battle of Bunker Hill in June 1775, by which time the Massachusetts Provincial Congress exercised de facto control of Massachusetts territory outside British-occupied Boston. Between 1775 and the establishment of the Massachusetts State Constitution in 1780 the state was governed by the provincial congress and an executive council.
Commonwealth of Massachusetts: 1780–present
[edit]The constitution of Massachusetts created the offices of governor[23] and lieutenant governor,[24] to be elected annually.[25] Terms were lengthened to two years in 1918, to last until their successor was inaugurated, which would be at least the first Wednesday in the January after their election.[26] This was changed to the Thursday following the first Wednesday in the January after the election in 1950,[27] and terms were lengthened to four years in 1966.[28]
No. | Governor | Term in office | Party | Election | Lt. Governor[a] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() |
John Hancock (1737–1793) [29][30] |
October 25, 1780[31][32] – February 18, 1785 (resigned)[b] |
None[36] | 1780 | Thomas Cushing | ||
1781 | ||||||||
1782 | ||||||||
1783 | ||||||||
1784 | ||||||||
— | ![]() |
Thomas Cushing (1725–1788) [37] |
February 18, 1785[31] – May 27, 1785 (lost election) |
None[36] | Lieutenant governor acting |
Acting as governor | ||
2 | ![]() |
James Bowdoin (1726–1790) [38] |
May 27, 1785[31] – June 1, 1787 (lost election) |
None[36] | 1785 | Thomas Cushing | ||
1786 | ||||||||
3 | ![]() |
John Hancock (1737–1793) [29][30] |
June 1, 1787[c] – October 8, 1793 (died in office) |
None[36] | 1787 | |||
1788 | Benjamin Lincoln | |||||||
1789 | Samuel Adams | |||||||
1790 | ||||||||
1791 | ||||||||
1792 | ||||||||
1793 | ||||||||
4 | ![]() |
Samuel Adams (1722–1803) [39][40] |
October 8, 1793[31] – June 2, 1797 (did not run) |
None[36] | Lieutenant governor acting |
Acting as governor | ||
Democratic- Republican[36] |
1794 | Moses Gill[d] | ||||||
1795 | ||||||||
1796 | ||||||||
5 | ![]() |
Increase Sumner (1746–1799) [41][42] |
June 2, 1797[31] – June 7, 1799 (died in office) |
Federalist[36] | 1797 | |||
1798 | ||||||||
1797 | ||||||||
— | ![]() |
Moses Gill (1733–1800) [43] |
June 7, 1799[31] – May 20, 1800 (died in office) |
Federalist[44] | Lieutenant governor acting |
Acting as governor | ||
— | ![]() |
Governor's Council chaired by Thomas Dawes [45] |
May 20, 1800[31] – May 30, 1800 |
— | Governor's Council acting |
Vacant | ||
6 | ![]() |
Caleb Strong (1745–1819) [46][47] |
May 30, 1800[31][48] – May 29, 1807 (lost election) |
Federalist[36] | 1800 | |||
1801 | Samuel Phillips Jr. | |||||||
1802 | Edward Robbins[e] | |||||||
1803 | ||||||||
1804 | ||||||||
1805 | ||||||||
1806 | ||||||||
7 | ![]() |
James Sullivan (1744–1808) [49][50] |
May 29, 1807[31][51] – December 10, 1808 (died in office) |
Democratic- Republican[36] |
1807 | Levi Lincoln Sr. | ||
1808 | ||||||||
— | ![]() |
Levi Lincoln Sr. (1749–1820) [52][53] |
December 10, 1808[31] – June 3, 1809 (lost election) |
Democratic- Republican[44] |
Lieutenant governor acting |
Acting as governor | ||
8 | ![]() |
Christopher Gore (1758–1827) [54][55] |
June 3, 1809[31][56] – June 2, 1810 (lost election) |
Federalist[36] | 1809 | David Cobb | ||
9 | ![]() |
Elbridge Gerry (1744–1814) [57][58] |
June 2, 1810[59] – May 30, 1812 (lost election) |
Democratic- Republican[36] |
1810 | William Gray | ||
1811 | ||||||||
10 | ![]() |
Caleb Strong (1745–1819) [46][47] |
May 30, 1812[31][60] – June 1, 1816 (did not run)[46] |
Federalist[36] | 1812 | William Phillips Jr.[e] | ||
1813 | ||||||||
1814 | ||||||||
1815 | ||||||||
11 | ![]() |
John Brooks (1752–1825) [61][62] |
June 1, 1816[63] – May 30, 1823 (did not run)[61] |
Federalist[36] | 1816 | |||
1817 | ||||||||
1818 | ||||||||
1819 | ||||||||
1820 | ||||||||
1821 | ||||||||
1822 | ||||||||
12 | ![]() |
William Eustis (1753–1825) [64][65] |
May 30, 1823[66] – February 6, 1825 (died in office) |
Democratic- Republican[67] |
1823 | Marcus Morton | ||
1824 | ||||||||
— | ![]() |
Marcus Morton (1784–1864) [68][69] |
February 6, 1825[70] – May 27, 1825 (successor took office) |
Democratic- Republican[44] |
Lieutenant governor acting |
Acting as governor | ||
13 | ![]() |
Levi Lincoln Jr. (1782–1868) [71][72] |
May 27, 1825[73] – January 21, 1834 (did not run)[71] |
Democratic- Republican[67] |
1825 | Thomas L. Winthrop[e] | ||
1826 | ||||||||
1827 | ||||||||
1828 | ||||||||
National Republican[67] |
1829 | |||||||
1830 | ||||||||
Apr. 1831 | ||||||||
Nov. 1831 | ||||||||
1832 | ||||||||
14 | ![]() |
John Davis (1787–1854) [74][75] |
January 21, 1834[76] – March 3, 1835 (resigned)[f] |
National Republican[67] |
1833 | Samuel Turell Armstrong[g] | ||
Whig[67] | 1834 | |||||||
— | ![]() |
Samuel Turell Armstrong (1784–1850) [77][78] |
March 3, 1835[79] – January 13, 1836 (lost election)[h] |
Whig[44] | Lieutenant governor acting |
Acting as governor | ||
15 | ![]() |
Edward Everett (1794–1865) [80][81] |
January 13, 1836[82] – January 18, 1840 (lost election) |
Whig[67] | 1835 | George Hull[g] | ||
1836 | ||||||||
1837 | ||||||||
1838 | ||||||||
16 | ![]() |
Marcus Morton (1784–1864) [68][69] |
January 18, 1840[83] – January 9, 1841 (lost election) |
Democratic[67] | 1839 | |||
17 | ![]() |
John Davis (1787–1854) [74][75] |
January 9, 1841[84] – January 18, 1843 (lost election) |
Whig[67] | 1840 | |||
1841 | ||||||||
18 | ![]() |
Marcus Morton (1784–1864) [68][69] |
January 18, 1843[85] – January 9, 1844 (lost election) |
Democratic[67] | 1842 | Henry H. Childs | ||
19 | ![]() |
George N. Briggs (1796–1861) [86][87] |
January 9, 1844[88] – January 13, 1851 (lost election) |
Whig[67] | 1843 | Henry W. Cushman | ||
1844 | ||||||||
1845 | ||||||||
1846 | ||||||||
1847 | ||||||||
1848 | ||||||||
1849 | ||||||||
20 | ![]() |
George S. Boutwell (1818–1905) [89][90] |
January 13, 1851[91] – January 14, 1853 (did not run)[89] |
Democratic[67] | 1850 | |||
1851 | ||||||||
21 | ![]() |
John H. Clifford (1809–1876) [92][93] |
January 14, 1853[94] – January 12, 1854 (did not run)[92] |
Whig[67] | 1852 | William C. Plunkett | ||
22 | ![]() |
Emory Washburn (1800–1877) [95][96] |
January 12, 1854[97] – January 9, 1855 (lost election) |
Whig[67] | 1853 | |||
23 | ![]() |
Henry Gardner (1819–1892) [98][99] |
January 9, 1855[100] – January 2, 1858 (lost election) |
Know Nothing[67] | 1854 | Simon Brown | ||
1855 | Henry Wetherby Benchley[i] | |||||||
1856 | ||||||||
24 | ![]() |
Nathaniel P. Banks (1816–1894) [101][102] |
January 2, 1858[103] – January 2, 1861 (did not run)[101] |
Republican[67] | 1857 | Eliphalet Trask | ||
1858 | ||||||||
1859 | ||||||||
25 | ![]() |
John Albion Andrew (1818–1867) [104][105] |
January 2, 1861[106] – January 6, 1866 (did not run)[104] |
Republican[67] | 1860 | John Z. Goodrich | ||
1861 | John Nesmith | |||||||
1862 | Joel Hayden | |||||||
1863 | ||||||||
1864 | ||||||||
26 | ![]() |
Alexander Bullock (1816–1882) [107][108] |
January 6, 1866[109] – January 9, 1869 (did not run)[107] |
Republican[110] | 1865 | William Claflin | ||
1866 | ||||||||
1867 | ||||||||
27 | ![]() |
William Claflin (1818–1905) [111][112] |
January 9, 1869[113] – January 5, 1872 (did not run)[111] |
Republican[110] | 1868 | Joseph Tucker | ||
1869 | ||||||||
1870 | ||||||||
28 | ![]() |
William B. Washburn (1820–1887) [114][115] |
January 5, 1872[116] – April 30, 1874 (resigned)[j] |
Republican[110] | 1871 | |||
1872 | Thomas Talbot | |||||||
1873 | ||||||||
— | ![]() |
Thomas Talbot (1818–1885) [117][118] |
April 30, 1874[119] – January 7, 1875 (lost election) |
Republican[120] | Lieutenant governor acting |
Acting as governor | ||
29 | ![]() |
William Gaston (1820–1894) [121][122] |
January 7, 1875[123] – January 6, 1876 (lost election) |
Democratic[110] | 1874 | Horatio G. Knight[i] | ||
30 | ![]() |
Alexander H. Rice (1818–1895) [124][125] |
January 6, 1876[126] – January 2, 1879 (did not run)[124] |
Republican[110] | 1875 | |||
1876 | ||||||||
1877 | ||||||||
31 | ![]() |
Thomas Talbot (1818–1885) [117][118] |
January 2, 1879[127] – January 8, 1880 (did not run)[117] |
Republican[110] | 1878 | John Davis Long | ||
32 | ![]() |
John Davis Long (1838–1915) [128][129] |
January 8, 1880[130] – January 4, 1883 (did not run)[128] |
Republican[110] | 1879 | Byron Weston | ||
1880 | ||||||||
1881 | ||||||||
33 | ![]() |
Benjamin Butler (1818–1893) [131][132] |
January 4, 1883[133] – January 3, 1884 (lost election) |
Democratic[110] | 1882 | Oliver Ames[i] | ||
34 | ![]() |
George D. Robinson (1834–1896) [134][135] |
January 3, 1884[136] – January 6, 1887 (did not run)[134] |
Republican[110] | 1883 | |||
1884 | ||||||||
1885 | ||||||||
35 | ![]() |
Oliver Ames (1831–1895) [137][138] |
January 6, 1887[139] – January 2, 1890 (did not run)[137] |
Republican[110] | 1886 | John Q. A. Brackett | ||
1887 | ||||||||
1888 | ||||||||
36 | ![]() |
John Q. A. Brackett (1842–1918) [140][141] |
January 2, 1890[142] – January 8, 1891 (lost election) |
Republican[110] | 1889 | William H. Haile[i] | ||
37 | ![]() |
William E. Russell (1857–1896) [143][144] |
January 8, 1891[145] – January 4, 1894 (did not run)[143] |
Democratic[110] | 1890 | |||
1891 | ||||||||
1892 | Roger Wolcott[i] | |||||||
38 | ![]() |
Frederic T. Greenhalge (1842–1896) [146][147] |
January 4, 1894[148] – March 5, 1896 (died in office) |
Republican[110] | 1893 | |||
1894 | ||||||||
1895 | ||||||||
39 | ![]() |
Roger Wolcott (1847–1900) [149][150] |
March 5, 1896[151] – January 4, 1900 (did not run)[149] |
Republican[110] | Lieutenant governor acting |
Acting as governor | ||
1896 | Winthrop M. Crane | |||||||
1897 | ||||||||
1898 | ||||||||
40 | ![]() |
Winthrop M. Crane (1853–1920) [152][153] |
January 4, 1900[154] – January 8, 1903 (did not run)[152] |
Republican[110] | 1899 | John L. Bates | ||
1900 | ||||||||
1901 | ||||||||
41 | ![]() |
John L. Bates (1859–1946) [155][156] |
January 8, 1903[157] – January 5, 1905 (lost election) |
Republican[110] | 1902 | Curtis Guild Jr.[i] | ||
1903 | ||||||||
42 | ![]() |
William Lewis Douglas (1845–1924) [158][159] |
January 5, 1905[160] – January 4, 1906 (did not run)[158] |
Democratic[110] | 1904 | |||
43 | ![]() |
Curtis Guild Jr. (1860–1915) [161][162] |
January 4, 1906[163] – January 7, 1909 (did not run)[161] |
Republican[110] | 1905 | Eben Sumner Draper | ||
1906 | ||||||||
1907 | ||||||||
44 | ![]() |
Eben Sumner Draper (1858–1914) [164][165] |
January 7, 1909[166] – January 5, 1911 (lost election) |
Republican[167] | 1908 | Louis A. Frothingham[i] | ||
1909 | ||||||||
45 | ![]() |
Eugene Foss (1858–1939) [168][169] |
January 5, 1911[170] – January 8, 1914 (lost election) |
Democratic[167] | 1910 | |||
1911 | Robert Luce[i] | |||||||
1912 | David I. Walsh | |||||||
46 | ![]() |
David I. Walsh (1872–1947) [171][172] |
January 8, 1914[173] – January 6, 1916 (lost election) |
Democratic[167] | 1913 | Edward P. Barry | ||
1914 | Grafton D. Cushing[i] | |||||||
47 | ![]() |
Samuel W. McCall (1851–1923) [174][175] |
January 6, 1916[176] – January 2, 1919 (did not run)[174] |
Republican[167] | 1915 | Calvin Coolidge | ||
1916 | ||||||||
1917 | ||||||||
48 | ![]() |
Calvin Coolidge (1872–1933) [177][178] |
January 2, 1919[179] – January 6, 1921 (did not run)[k] |
Republican[167] | 1918 | Channing H. Cox | ||
1919 | ||||||||
49 | ![]() |
Channing H. Cox (1879–1968) [180][181] |
January 6, 1921[182] – January 8, 1925 (did not run) |
Republican[167] | 1920 | Alvan T. Fuller | ||
1922 | ||||||||
50 | ![]() |
Alvan T. Fuller (1878–1958) [183][184] |
January 8, 1925[185] – January 3, 1929 (did not run) |
Republican[167] | 1924 | Frank G. Allen | ||
1926 | ||||||||
51 | ![]() |
Frank G. Allen (1874–1950) [186][187] |
January 3, 1929[188] – January 8, 1931 (lost election) |
Republican[167] | 1928 | William S. Youngman[i] | ||
52 | ![]() |
Joseph B. Ely (1881–1956) [189][190] |
January 8, 1931[191] – January 3, 1935 (did not run)[189] |
Democratic[167] | 1930 | |||
1932 | Gaspar G. Bacon[i] | |||||||
53 | ![]() |
James Michael Curley (1874–1958) [192][193] |
January 3, 1935[194] – January 7, 1937 (did not run)[l] |
Democratic[167] | 1934 | Joseph L. Hurley | ||
54 | ![]() |
Charles F. Hurley (1893–1946) [195][196] |
January 7, 1937[197] – January 5, 1939 (lost nomination) |
Democratic[167] | 1936 | Francis E. Kelly | ||
55 | ![]() |
Leverett Saltonstall (1892–1979) [198][199] |
January 5, 1939[200] – January 4, 1945 (did not run)[m] |
Republican[167] | 1938 | Horace T. Cahill | ||
1940 | ||||||||
1942 | ||||||||
56 | ![]() |
Maurice J. Tobin (1901–1953) [201][202] |
January 4, 1945[203] – January 2, 1947 (lost election) |
Democratic[167] | 1944 | Robert F. Bradford[i] | ||
57 | ![]() |
Robert F. Bradford (1902–1983) [204][205] |
January 2, 1947[206] – January 6, 1949 (lost election) |
Republican[167] | 1946 | Arthur W. Coolidge | ||
58 | ![]() |
Paul A. Dever (1903–1958) [207][208] |
January 6, 1949[209] – January 8, 1953 (lost election) |
Democratic[167] | 1948 | Charles F. Sullivan | ||
1950 | ||||||||
59 | ![]() |
Christian Herter (1895–1966) [210][211] |
January 8, 1953[212] – January 3, 1957 (did not run)[210] |
Republican[167] | 1952 | Sumner G. Whittier | ||
1954 | ||||||||
60 | ![]() |
Foster Furcolo (1911–1995) [213][214] |
January 3, 1957[215] – January 5, 1961 (did not run)[n] |
Democratic[167] | 1956 | Robert F. Murphy | ||
1958 | ||||||||
Vacant | ||||||||
61 | ![]() |
John A. Volpe (1908–1994) [216][217] |
January 5, 1961[218] – January 3, 1963 (lost election) |
Republican[167] | 1960 | Edward F. McLaughlin Jr.[o] | ||
62 | ![]() |
Endicott Peabody (1920–1997) [219][220] |
January 3, 1963[221] – January 7, 1965 (lost nomination) |
Democratic[167] | 1962 | Francis Bellotti | ||
63 | ![]() |
John A. Volpe (1908–1994) [216][217] |
January 7, 1965[222] – January 22, 1969 (resigned)[p] |
Republican[167] | 1964 | Elliot Richardson | ||
1966 | Francis Sargent | |||||||
64 | ![]() |
Francis Sargent (1915–1998) [223][224] |
January 22, 1969[225] – January 2, 1975 (lost election) |
Republican[167] | Lieutenant governor acting |
Acting as governor | ||
1970 | Donald Dwight | |||||||
65 | ![]() |
Michael Dukakis (b. 1933) [226][227] |
January 2, 1975[228] – January 4, 1979 (lost nomination) |
Democratic[167] | 1974 | Thomas P. O'Neill III | ||
66 | ![]() |
Edward J. King (1925–2006) |
January 4, 1979[229] – January 6, 1983 (lost nomination) |
Democratic[167] | 1978 | |||
67 | ![]() |
Michael Dukakis (b. 1933) [226][227] |
January 6, 1983[230] – January 3, 1991 (did not run) |
Democratic[227] | 1982 | John Kerry | ||
Vacant | ||||||||
1986 | Evelyn Murphy | |||||||
68 | ![]() |
Bill Weld (b. 1945) [231] |
January 3, 1991[232] – July 29, 1997 (resigned)[q] |
Republican[231] | 1990 | Paul Cellucci | ||
1994 | ||||||||
69 | ![]() |
Paul Cellucci (1948–2013) [233] |
July 29, 1997[234] – April 10, 2001 (resigned)[r] |
Republican[233] | Lieutenant governor acting |
Acting as governor | ||
1998 | Jane Swift | |||||||
— | ![]() |
Jane Swift (b. 1965) [235] |
April 10, 2001[236] – January 2, 2003 (did not run) |
Republican[235] | Lieutenant governor acting |
Acting as governor | ||
70 | ![]() |
Mitt Romney (b. 1947) [237] |
January 2, 2003[238] – January 4, 2007 (did not run) |
Republican[237] | 2002 | Kerry Healey | ||
71 | ![]() |
Deval Patrick (b. 1956) [239] |
January 4, 2007[240] – January 8, 2015 (did not run) |
Democratic[239] | 2006 | Tim Murray | ||
2010 | ||||||||
Vacant | ||||||||
72 | ![]() |
Charlie Baker (b. 1956) [241] |
January 8, 2015[242] – January 5, 2023 (did not run) |
Republican[241] | 2014 | Karyn Polito | ||
2018 | ||||||||
73 | ![]() |
Maura Healey (b. 1971) [243] |
January 5, 2023[244] – Incumbent[s] |
Democratic[243] | 2022 | Kim Driscoll |
Notes
[edit]- ^ Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.
- ^ Hancock resigned abruptly in a "winter of increasing economic distress, political controversy, and social discord",[33] and was suffering ill health, particularly gout.[34] He announced his intention to resign on January 29, and left office on February 18.[35]
- ^ Modern sources say Hancock took office on May 30,[29] but a contemporary source says it was June 1.[31]
- ^ Represented the Federalist Party
- ^ a b c Represented the Democratic-Republican Party
- ^ Davis resigned, having been elected to the United States Senate.[74]
- ^ a b Represented the Whig Party
- ^ Armstrong either did not receive or did not expect the Whig nomination, and so ran as an independent.[77]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Represented the Republican Party
- ^ Washburn resigned, having been elected to the United States Senate.[114]
- ^ Coolidge was instead elected Vice President of the United States.[177]
- ^ Curley instead ran unsuccessfully for the United States Senate.[192]
- ^ Saltonstall was instead elected to the United States Senate.[198]
- ^ Furcolo instead ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination to the United States Senate.[213]
- ^ Represented the Democratic Party
- ^ Volpe resigned, having been confirmed as United States Secretary of Transportation.[216]
- ^ Weld resigned when nominated to be United States Ambassador to Mexico, but was not confirmed.[231]
- ^ Cellucci resigned, having been confirmed as United States Ambassador to Canada.[233]
- ^ Healey's term will expire on January 7, 2027.
References
[edit]Citations
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Thirty-six states have some form of term limit on the office of governor. Fourteen states do not. They are: Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, North Dakota, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Washington, and Wisconsin.
- ^ "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries". The Council of State Governments. Retrieved August 7, 2024.
- ^ Morison 1917, p.22-28.
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- ^ Adams 1913, p.444-445.
- ^ Adams 1913, p.430-445
- ^ a b c Morison 1917, p.9-22.
- ^ Frothingham, Louis Adams. A Brief History of the Constitution and Government of Massachusetts, p. 74. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1916.
- ^ Constitution of Massachusetts, Chapter II, Section II, Article III.
- ^ An example of this is found in Chapter 45 of the Acts of 2001, where a veto by Swift was overridden by the General Court.
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- ^ MA Const. chp II, § 1, art. I
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- ^ MA Const. chp II, § 1, art. II
- ^ MA Const. amendment LXIV
- ^ MA Const. amendment LXXX
- ^ MA Const. amendment LXXXII
- ^ a b c Sobel 1978, pp. 689–690.
- ^ a b "John Hancock". National Governors Association. January 3, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
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- ^ "James Warren to John Adams, 28 January 1785", Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Adams/06-16-02-0295. [Original source: The Adams Papers, Papers of John Adams, vol. 16, February 1784–March 1785, ed. Gregg L. Lint, C. James Taylor, Robert Karachuk, Hobson Woodward, Margaret A. Hogan, Sara B. Sikes, Sara Martin, Sara Georgini, Amanda A. Mathews, and James T. Connolly. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2012, pp. 498–500.] Accessed March 8, 2023
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- ^ "none". The Recorder. June 7, 1800. p. 3. Retrieved March 8, 2023.
The Committee appointed to wait on the Governor elect, reported that he would wait upon the Legislature in the Representative's Chamber, tomorrow at 12 o'clock, to be qualified.
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- ^ Sobel 1978, p. 694.
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- ^ Sobel 1978, p. 695.
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- ^ "none". The Pittsfield Sun. June 10, 1809. p. 2. Retrieved March 8, 2023.
... when His Excellency Christopher Gore, Esq. and His Honor David Cobb, Esq. Governor and Lt. Governor Elect, came in, and took and subscribed the Oaths and declarations made necessary by the Constitution of this Commonwealth to qualify them for exercising the Offices to which they have been elected.
- ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 695–696.
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- ^ a b Sobel 1978, pp. 696–697.
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- ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 697–698.
- ^ "William Eustis". National Governors Association. January 3, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
- ^ "Legislature of Massachusetts". The Pittsfield Sun. June 5, 1823. p. 3. Retrieved March 8, 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Glashan 1979, p. 142.
- ^ a b c Sobel 1978, pp. 698–699.
- ^ a b c "Marcus Morton". National Governors Association. January 3, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
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- ^ a b Sobel 1978, p. 699.
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- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Glashan 1979, p. 144.
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- ^ Sobel 1978, pp. 736–737.
- ^ "Francis Williams Sargent". National Governors Association. January 3, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
- ^ "Sargent in Governor Role As Volpe Sworn In at D.C." Transcript-Telegram. Associated Press. January 22, 1969. p. 1. Retrieved March 9, 2023.
- ^ a b Sobel 1978, p. 737.
- ^ a b c "Michael Stanley Dukakis". National Governors Association. January 3, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
- ^ Massachusetts General Court. Journal of the Senate. 1975 sess., 299, accessed March 8, 2023
- ^ Massachusetts General Court. Journal of the Senate. 1979 sess., 254A, accessed March 8, 2023
- ^ Massachusetts General Court. Journal of the Senate. 1983 sess., 18A, accessed March 8, 2023
- ^ a b c "William Floyd Weld". National Governors Association. January 3, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
- ^ Massachusetts General Court. Journal of the Senate. 1991 sess., 334A, accessed March 8, 2023
- ^ a b c "Argeo Paul Cellucci". National Governors Association. January 3, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
- ^ Phillips, Frank; Walker, Adrian (July 30, 1997). "'Citizen Weld' Steps Out; Cellucci Steps Forward". The Boston Globe. p. A1. Retrieved March 9, 2023.
- ^ a b "Jane Maria Swift". National Governors Association. January 3, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
- ^ Phillips, Frank (April 11, 2001). "'Her Excellency': Swift Is First Woman To Serve As Mass. Governor". The Boston Globe. p. A1. Retrieved March 9, 2023.
- ^ a b "Mitt Romney". National Governors Association. January 3, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
- ^ Massachusetts General Court. Journal of the Senate. 2003 sess., 4, accessed March 8, 2023
- ^ a b "Deval Patrick". National Governors Association. January 3, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
- ^ Massachusetts General Court. Journal of the Senate. 2007 sess., 9, accessed March 8, 2023
- ^ a b "Charlie Baker". National Governors Association. January 3, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
- ^ Miller, Joshua (January 8, 2015). "Charlie Baker Takes Over As 72d Governor of Mass". Boston Globe. Retrieved March 8, 2023.
- ^ a b "Maura Healey". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
- ^ Platoff, Emma; Stout, Matt (January 5, 2023). "'Massachusetts Can, and Will, Lead the World': Maura Healey Sworn In As State's 73rd Governor". Boston Globe. Retrieved March 8, 2023.
Sources
- Lincoln, William, ed. (1838). Journals of each Provincial Congress of Massachusetts in 1774 and 1775 and of the Committee of Safety, with an Appendix containing the Proceedings of the County Conventions_Narratives of the Events of the Nineteenth of April, 1775-Paper relating to Ticonderoga and Crown Point, and other documents. Dutton and Wentworth, Printers to the State.
- Hart, Albert Bushnell, ed. (1927). Commonwealth History of Massachusetts. New York: The States History Company. OCLC 1543273. (five volume history of Massachusetts until the early 20th century; volume 3 deals with the provisional period and post-independence history until 1820)
- Morison, Samuel (1917). A History of the Constitution of Massachusetts. Harvard University Library: Wright & Potter Printing Co.
- Truslow Adams, James (1913). The Founding of New England. Stanford University Library: Atlantic Monthly Press.
- "Former Massachusetts Governors". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
- Sobel, Robert (1978). Biographical directory of the governors of the United States, 1789-1978, Vol. II. Meckler Books. ISBN 9780930466008. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
- Dubin, Michael J. (2003). United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1776-1860: The Official Results by State and County. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-1439-0.
- Dubin, Michael J. (2014). United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1861-1911: The Official Results by State and County. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-5646-8.
- Kallenbach, Joseph Ernest (1977). American State Governors, 1776-1976. Oceana Publications. ISBN 978-0-379-00665-0. Retrieved September 23, 2023.
- Glashan, Roy R. (1979). American Governors and Gubernatorial Elections, 1775-1978. Meckler Books. ISBN 978-0-930466-17-6.
- "Our Campaigns - Governor of Massachusetts - History". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
External links
[edit]- Official website
- Office of the Governor, hdl:2452/35301. (Various documents).