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| website = {{URL|http://www.bashkiakelcyre.gov.al|Official website}}
| website = {{URL|http://www.bashkiakelcyre.gov.al|Official website}}
}}
}}
'''Këlcyrë''' ({{lang-sq-definite|Këlcyra}}) is a town and a municipality in southern [[Albania]], located on the bank of the river [[Vjosë]]. It was formed at the 2015 local government reform by the merger of the former municipalities [[Ballaban]], [[Dishnicë]], Këlcyrë and [[Sukë]], that became municipal units. The seat of the municipality is the town Këlcyrë.<ref>[http://www.reformaterritoriale.al/images/presentations/Ligji%20ndarja%20territoriale_Fletore_zyrtare.pdf Law nr. 115/2014] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924085559/http://www.reformaterritoriale.al/images/presentations/Ligji%20ndarja%20territoriale_Fletore_zyrtare.pdf |date=2015-09-24 }}</ref> The total population is 6,113 (2011 census),<ref name="census11">{{cite web |url=http://www.instat.gov.al/media/3064/6__gjirokaster.pdf |title=Population and housing census - Gjirokastër 2011 |accessdate=2019-09-25 |publisher=[[Institute of Statistics (Albania)|INSTAT]] }}</ref> in a total area of 304.86&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name="LAU">{{cite web |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/345175/501971/EU-28-LAU-2019-NUTS-2016.xlsx |title=Correspondence table LAU – NUTS 2016, EU-28 and EFTA / available Candidate Countries |accessdate=2019-09-25 |publisher=[[Eurostat]]|format=XLS }}</ref> The population of the former municipality at the 2011 census was 2,651.<ref name=census11/> The Vjosë forms a canyon near the town, known as the [[Këlcyrë Gorge]].
'''Këlcyrë''' ({{lang-sq-definite|Këlcyra}}) is a town and a municipality in southern [[Albania]], located on the bank of the river [[Vjosë]]. It was formed at the 2015 local government reform by the merger of the former municipalities [[Ballaban]], [[Dishnicë]], Këlcyrë and [[Sukë]], that became municipal units. The seat of the municipality is the town Këlcyrë.<ref>[http://www.reformaterritoriale.al/images/presentations/Ligji%20ndarja%20territoriale_Fletore_zyrtare.pdf Law nr. 115/2014] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924085559/http://www.reformaterritoriale.al/images/presentations/Ligji%20ndarja%20territoriale_Fletore_zyrtare.pdf |date=2015-09-24 }}</ref> The total population is 6,113 (2011 census),<ref name="census11">{{cite web |url=http://www.instat.gov.al/media/3064/6__gjirokaster.pdf |title=Population and housing census - Gjirokastër 2011 |access-date=2019-09-25 |publisher=[[Institute of Statistics (Albania)|INSTAT]] }}</ref> in a total area of 304.86&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name="LAU">{{cite web |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/345175/501971/EU-28-LAU-2019-NUTS-2016.xlsx |title=Correspondence table LAU – NUTS 2016, EU-28 and EFTA / available Candidate Countries |access-date=2019-09-25 |publisher=[[Eurostat]]|format=XLS }}</ref> The population of the former municipality at the 2011 census was 2,651.<ref name=census11/> The Vjosë forms a canyon near the town, known as the [[Këlcyrë Gorge]].


== Municipality ==
== Municipality ==
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The municipal unit consists of the town Këlcyrë and the villages Fshat Këlcyrë, Sukë, Dishnicë, Mbrezhdan, Maleshovë, Limar, Toshkëz, Ballaban, Tolar, Çorrogunjë, Leskaj and Kala.<ref>[http://www.interreg.gr/inst/interreg/gallery/File/Programmes/Greece%20-%20Albania/Simpliroma%20Programmatismou/EN/18-12-07_Programme_Complement_GREECE%20ALBANIA.doc Greece – Albania Neighbourhood Programme] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327014915/http://www.interreg.gr/inst/interreg/gallery/File/Programmes/Greece%20-%20Albania/Simpliroma%20Programmatismou/EN/18-12-07_Programme_Complement_GREECE%20ALBANIA.doc |date=2012-03-27 }}</ref>
The municipal unit consists of the town Këlcyrë and the villages Fshat Këlcyrë, Sukë, Dishnicë, Mbrezhdan, Maleshovë, Limar, Toshkëz, Ballaban, Tolar, Çorrogunjë, Leskaj and Kala.<ref>[http://www.interreg.gr/inst/interreg/gallery/File/Programmes/Greece%20-%20Albania/Simpliroma%20Programmatismou/EN/18-12-07_Programme_Complement_GREECE%20ALBANIA.doc Greece – Albania Neighbourhood Programme] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327014915/http://www.interreg.gr/inst/interreg/gallery/File/Programmes/Greece%20-%20Albania/Simpliroma%20Programmatismou/EN/18-12-07_Programme_Complement_GREECE%20ALBANIA.doc |date=2012-03-27 }}</ref>


The village of Maleshovë traditionally consists of three neighbourhoods, one Christian, one Muslim and one with families of both religions.<ref name="Hammond29">{{cite book|last=Hammond|first=Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière|title=Epirus: the Geography, the Ancient Remains, the History and Topography of Epirus and Adjacent Areas|year=1967|location=Oxford|publisher=Clarendon Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?redir_esc=y&id=gI5QjgEACAAJ&dq=Epirus%3A+the+Geography%2C+the+Ancient+Remains&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Maleshov%C3%AB|isbn= 9780198142539|pages=29|ref=harv}} "Thus Maleshovë, which belongs to a group centering on Permet, has three mahaladhes, of which one is Christian, one is Mohammedan, and one has families of each faith."</ref>
The village of Maleshovë traditionally consists of three neighbourhoods, one Christian, one Muslim and one with families of both religions.<ref name="Hammond29">{{cite book|last=Hammond|first=Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière|title=Epirus: the Geography, the Ancient Remains, the History and Topography of Epirus and Adjacent Areas|year=1967|location=Oxford|publisher=Clarendon Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?redir_esc=y&id=gI5QjgEACAAJ&dq=Epirus%3A+the+Geography%2C+the+Ancient+Remains&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Maleshov%C3%AB|isbn= 9780198142539|pages=29}} "Thus Maleshovë, which belongs to a group centering on Permet, has three mahaladhes, of which one is Christian, one is Mohammedan, and one has families of each faith."</ref>


==Name==
==Name==
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During<ref>''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography'' (1854), William Smith, LLD, ed.: "It was in this pass that Philip V., king of Macedonia, in vain attempted to arrest the progress of the Roman consul, T. Quinctius Flamininus, into Epirus. Philip was encamped with the main body of his forces on Mount Aeropus, and his general, Athenagoras, with the light troops on Mount Asnaus."</ref> the [[Macedonian wars#Second Macedonian war (200 to 196 BC)|Second Macedonian War]] against the [[Ancient Rome|Romans]], the troops of [[Philip V of Macedon|Phillip V]] and [[Athenagoras of Macedon]] attempted to delay the Roman consul, [[Titus Quinctius Flamininus]]. The Macedonians had secured{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}} the passage and then blocked the Roman advance in 198 BC. A shepherd is said{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}} to have led the Roman troops through the mountains, so that they could attack the [[Macedon]]ians in the narrow gorge of two sides and destroy them. The Macedonians had been decisively defeated a first time. Later, the Romans used the route through the gorge of modern Këlcyrë and built a small settlement.
During<ref>''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography'' (1854), William Smith, LLD, ed.: "It was in this pass that Philip V., king of Macedonia, in vain attempted to arrest the progress of the Roman consul, T. Quinctius Flamininus, into Epirus. Philip was encamped with the main body of his forces on Mount Aeropus, and his general, Athenagoras, with the light troops on Mount Asnaus."</ref> the [[Macedonian wars#Second Macedonian war (200 to 196 BC)|Second Macedonian War]] against the [[Ancient Rome|Romans]], the troops of [[Philip V of Macedon|Phillip V]] and [[Athenagoras of Macedon]] attempted to delay the Roman consul, [[Titus Quinctius Flamininus]]. The Macedonians had secured{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}} the passage and then blocked the Roman advance in 198 BC. A shepherd is said{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}} to have led the Roman troops through the mountains, so that they could attack the [[Macedon]]ians in the narrow gorge of two sides and destroy them. The Macedonians had been decisively defeated a first time. Later, the Romans used the route through the gorge of modern Këlcyrë and built a small settlement.


To control this passage, a castle was built in the 13th century{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}}. When the town was incorporated in the [[Kingdom of Albania (medieval)|Kingdom of Albania]] in the late 13th century it was ruled by the [[Muzaka family]]. The correspondence of the [[Roman Curia]] with the Albanian nobility indicates that in 1319 it was ruled by Count Mentul Muzaka.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.etd.ceu.hu/2009/mphlae01.pdf|title=Regnum Albaniae and the Papal Curia|last=Lala|first=Etleva|author2=Gerhard Jaritz |year=2008|publisher=Central European University|page=32|accessdate=3 February 2011}}</ref> After its capture by the Byzantine army, the Albanian population rebelled against Byzantine rule in 1335 and captured the fortress of the town.<ref name=Medieval,Balkans/><ref name="Nicol2010">{{cite book|last=Nicol|first=Donald M.|title=The Despotate of Epiros 1267-1479: A Contribution to the History of Greece in the Middle Ages|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XIj0FfKto9AC&pg=PA109|accessdate=14 July 2011|date=2010-02-11|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-13089-9|pages=108–9}}</ref>
To control this passage, a castle was built in the 13th century{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}}. When the town was incorporated in the [[Kingdom of Albania (medieval)|Kingdom of Albania]] in the late 13th century it was ruled by the [[Muzaka family]]. The correspondence of the [[Roman Curia]] with the Albanian nobility indicates that in 1319 it was ruled by Count Mentul Muzaka.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.etd.ceu.hu/2009/mphlae01.pdf|title=Regnum Albaniae and the Papal Curia|last=Lala|first=Etleva|author2=Gerhard Jaritz |year=2008|publisher=Central European University|page=32|access-date=3 February 2011}}</ref> After its capture by the Byzantine army, the Albanian population rebelled against Byzantine rule in 1335 and captured the fortress of the town.<ref name=Medieval,Balkans/><ref name="Nicol2010">{{cite book|last=Nicol|first=Donald M.|title=The Despotate of Epiros 1267-1479: A Contribution to the History of Greece in the Middle Ages|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XIj0FfKto9AC&pg=PA109|access-date=14 July 2011|date=2010-02-11|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-13089-9|pages=108–9}}</ref>


The Turks advanced and built in the 19th century also a [[seraglio]]{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}} At this time Këlcyrë experienced its bloom as a key trading center between [[Berat]], [[Korça]] and [[Gjirokastra]].
The Turks advanced and built in the 19th century also a [[seraglio]]{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}} At this time Këlcyrë experienced its bloom as a key trading center between [[Berat]], [[Korça]] and [[Gjirokastra]].

Revision as of 19:14, 18 January 2021

Këlcyrë
Municipality
Official logo of Këlcyrë
Emblem
Këlcyrë is located in Albania
Këlcyrë
Këlcyrë
Coordinates: 40°18′47″N 20°11′31″E / 40.313°N 20.192°E / 40.313; 20.192
Land Albanien
CountyGjirokastër
Regierung
 • MayorKlement Ndoni (PS)
Area
 • Municipality304.86 km2 (117.71 sq mi)
Elevation
176 m (577 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Municipality
6,113
 • Municipality density20/km2 (52/sq mi)
 • Municipal unit
2,651
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal Code
6402
Area Code(0)875
WebsiteOfficial website

Këlcyrë (Albanian definite form: Këlcyra) is a town and a municipality in southern Albania, located on the bank of the river Vjosë. It was formed at the 2015 local government reform by the merger of the former municipalities Ballaban, Dishnicë, Këlcyrë and Sukë, that became municipal units. The seat of the municipality is the town Këlcyrë.[1] The total population is 6,113 (2011 census),[2] in a total area of 304.86 km2.[3] The population of the former municipality at the 2011 census was 2,651.[2] The Vjosë forms a canyon near the town, known as the Këlcyrë Gorge.

Municipality

The municipal unit consists of the town Këlcyrë and the villages Fshat Këlcyrë, Sukë, Dishnicë, Mbrezhdan, Maleshovë, Limar, Toshkëz, Ballaban, Tolar, Çorrogunjë, Leskaj and Kala.[4]

The village of Maleshovë traditionally consists of three neighbourhoods, one Christian, one Muslim and one with families of both religions.[5]

Name

A medieval chronicle from the year 1272 mentioned the location with the Latin name Clausura (a word with meaning "close", "castle", "fort"[6]). The Byzantine Suda lexicon, writes that the Romans called the forts at the passes (Greek: Κλεισοῦραι).[7] During the Byzantine era the town was also called Klisura (Κλεισούρα).[8]

History

In antiquity the region was part of Epirus, and afterwards was incorporated into Upper Macedonia. Later it became part of the Roman empire.

During[9] the Second Macedonian War against the Romans, the troops of Phillip V and Athenagoras of Macedon attempted to delay the Roman consul, Titus Quinctius Flamininus. The Macedonians had secured[citation needed] the passage and then blocked the Roman advance in 198 BC. A shepherd is said[citation needed] to have led the Roman troops through the mountains, so that they could attack the Macedonians in the narrow gorge of two sides and destroy them. The Macedonians had been decisively defeated a first time. Later, the Romans used the route through the gorge of modern Këlcyrë and built a small settlement.

To control this passage, a castle was built in the 13th century[citation needed]. When the town was incorporated in the Kingdom of Albania in the late 13th century it was ruled by the Muzaka family. The correspondence of the Roman Curia with the Albanian nobility indicates that in 1319 it was ruled by Count Mentul Muzaka.[10] After its capture by the Byzantine army, the Albanian population rebelled against Byzantine rule in 1335 and captured the fortress of the town.[8][11]

The Turks advanced and built in the 19th century also a seraglio[citation needed] At this time Këlcyrë experienced its bloom as a key trading center between Berat, Korça and Gjirokastra.

The capture of Klisura Pass (6–11 January 1941) was one of the most important victories of the Greek Army during the Greek-Italian War.

Heute

Even today, the road is the main access route through the gorge that connects Këlcyrë with Tepelenë and other centers of Albania. To the south, the road continues to Përmet in the capital district and then to Greece. The road leading to the north in the direction of Berat is paved only a few kilometers, and navigation over long distances is very difficult. Around Këlcyrë there are some age-old Eastern Orthodox churches.

Notable people

  • Ali Këlcyra, politician
  • Sejfulla Malëshova, writer and politician, founder of the Albanian League of Writers and Artists in 1945.
  • Veli bej Këlcyra, signatory of the Albanian Declaration of Independence.
  • Hasan Bejo, Title Honorary Citizen, [[as a historical figure of the Permet region. For bravery as a freedom fighter in World War II for the liberation of the homeland. A high-ranking military man, educated in Rome and Warsaw, an authority with great moral influence for the province of Deshnica in Këlcyrë and throughout the Përmet region, cultivated the values of the community through the history of the village of Toshkez, Këlcyre. Mr. Bejo was a high figure in the whole region of Përmet and for the Bejo family. Large noble family with historical tradition, very wide friendly ties, positive impact on the whole social life of the area and the province. Important contributor through the professional military tradition prominent in the consolidation of the Albanian state. The Bejo family is also represented by well-known figures such as; military, writers, bankers, lawyers, artists, farmers and founders of the first albanological chair of Albanian language and culture at De Paul University in Chicago, USA]].
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Këlcyrë.

References

  1. ^ Law nr. 115/2014 Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ a b "Population and housing census - Gjirokastër 2011" (PDF). INSTAT. Retrieved 2019-09-25.
  3. ^ "Correspondence table LAU – NUTS 2016, EU-28 and EFTA / available Candidate Countries" (XLS). Eurostat. Retrieved 2019-09-25.
  4. ^ Greece – Albania Neighbourhood Programme Archived 2012-03-27 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ Hammond, Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière (1967). Epirus: the Geography, the Ancient Remains, the History and Topography of Epirus and Adjacent Areas. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 29. ISBN 9780198142539. "Thus Maleshovë, which belongs to a group centering on Permet, has three mahaladhes, of which one is Christian, one is Mohammedan, and one has families of each faith."
  6. ^ A Latin Dictionary
  7. ^ Suda,Entry; Κλεισούραι
  8. ^ a b The Late Medieval Balkans
  9. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), William Smith, LLD, ed.: "It was in this pass that Philip V., king of Macedonia, in vain attempted to arrest the progress of the Roman consul, T. Quinctius Flamininus, into Epirus. Philip was encamped with the main body of his forces on Mount Aeropus, and his general, Athenagoras, with the light troops on Mount Asnaus."
  10. ^ Lala, Etleva; Gerhard Jaritz (2008). "Regnum Albaniae and the Papal Curia" (PDF). Central European University. p. 32. Retrieved 3 February 2011.
  11. ^ Nicol, Donald M. (2010-02-11). The Despotate of Epiros 1267-1479: A Contribution to the History of Greece in the Middle Ages. Cambridge University Press. pp. 108–9. ISBN 978-0-521-13089-9. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
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