List of titles and honours of Elizabeth II: Difference between revisions
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===Freedom of the City=== |
===Freedom of the City=== |
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;Commonwealth realms |
;Commonwealth realms |
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* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} 1947: London<ref>{{Citation|title=Freedom Of London For The Princess (1947)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=75eCn1OsRms|language=en|access-date=2020-01-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rct.uk/collection/2002344/princess-elizabeth-making-a-speech-at-guildhall-when-she-received-the-freedom-of |title=Princess Elizabeth making a speech at Guildhall when she received the Freedom of the City of London, June 11, 1947 |access-date=26 May 2021 |work=Royal Collection Trust }}</ref> |
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* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} 1947: [[Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rbwm.gov.uk/home/community-and-living/civic-events/freedom-borough/honorary-freemen|title=Honorary Freemen | Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead|website=www.rbwm.gov.uk}}</ref> |
* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} 1947: [[Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rbwm.gov.uk/home/community-and-living/civic-events/freedom-borough/honorary-freemen|title=Honorary Freemen | Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead|website=www.rbwm.gov.uk}}</ref> |
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* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} 1948: [[Royal Burgh of Stirling]] |
* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} 1948: [[Royal Burgh of Stirling]] |
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* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} 1948: London |
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* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} 1948: [[Cardiff]] <ref>{{Citation|last=British Movietone|title=PRINCESS ELIZABETH RECEIVES FREEDOM OF CARDIFF|date=2015-07-21|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZEu3bYoQ5Rk|access-date=2018-05-03}}</ref> |
* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} 1948: [[Cardiff]] <ref>{{Citation|last=British Movietone|title=PRINCESS ELIZABETH RECEIVES FREEDOM OF CARDIFF|date=2015-07-21|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZEu3bYoQ5Rk|access-date=2018-05-03}}</ref> |
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* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} 1949: [[Edinburgh]] |
* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} 1949: [[Edinburgh]] |
Revision as of 18:22, 26 May 2021
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Royal_Cypher_of_Queen_Elizabeth_II.svg/220px-Royal_Cypher_of_Queen_Elizabeth_II.svg.png)
Elizabeth II (born 21 April 1926) has held numerous titles and honours, both during and before her time as monarch of each of her Commonwealth realms. Each is listed below; where two dates are shown, the first indicates the date of receiving the title or award (the title as Princess Elizabeth of York being given as from her birth), and the second indicates the date of its loss or renunciation.
Royal titles and styles
Styles of Queen Elizabeth II | |
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Reference style | Her Majesty |
Spoken style | Your Majesty |
- 21 April 1926 – 11 December 1936: Her Royal Highness Princess Elizabeth of York
- 11 December 1936 – 20 November 1947: Her Royal Highness The Princess Elizabeth
- 20 November 1947 – 6 February 1952: Her Royal Highness The Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh
- Since 6 February 1952: Her Majesty The Queen
Upon Elizabeth's accession to the throne, she was asked by her Private Secretary what her regnal name would be, to which she responded, "My own, of course—what else?"[1] Until 1953, her official style was by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Queen, Defender of the Faith.[2] She was proclaimed as queen using that title in Canada and South Africa,[3][4] whereas, in Australia,[5] New Zealand, and the United Kingdom,[6] she was proclaimed as Queen Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God Queen of this Realm and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith.
A decision was reached by Elizabeth's prime ministers at the Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference of 1952, whereby the Queen would accord herself different styles and titles in each of her realms, reflecting that in each state she acted as monarch of that particular country,[7] regardless of her other roles. Canada's preferred format was: Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Canada and of Her other realms and territories, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith.[8] However, as Australia wished to have the United Kingdom mentioned in all the Queen's titles,[9] the resolution reached was a designation that included the United Kingdom as well as, for the first time, separate reference to the other Commonwealth realms. Thereafter, separate but parallel royal styles and titles acts were passed in each of the Commonwealth realms, granting Elizabeth a distinct but similarly constituted title in each state,[7] meaning that when Elizabeth was crowned in the same year, she held seven separate titles.
With further evolution of the Commonwealth since that time, Elizabeth now holds 16 different regnal titles, one for each of the current Commonwealth realms. In all realms other than Canada and Grenada, the reference to the United Kingdom has been removed; Australia doing so in 1973,[10] in contrast to the Australian government's position 20 years earlier. Traditionally, the Queen's titles are listed in the order in which the realms other than the United Kingdom (the original realm) first became Dominions—namely, Canada (1867), Australia (1901), and New Zealand (1907)—followed by the rest in the order in which the former colony became an independent realm: Jamaica (1962), Barbados (1966), The Bahamas (1973), Grenada (1974), Papua New Guinea (1975), the Solomon Islands (1978), Tuvalu (1978), Saint Lucia (1979), Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1979), Belize (1981), Antigua and Barbuda (1981) and Saint Kitts and Nevis (1983).
Though the situation was the same in every one of the Queen's realms beyond the United Kingdom, only within Scotland did the title Elizabeth II cause controversy as there had never been an Elizabeth I in Scotland. In an act of sabotage, new Royal Mail post boxes in Scotland, bearing the royal cypher EIIR, were vandalised, after which, to avoid further problems, post boxes and Royal Mail vehicles in Scotland bore only the Crown of Scotland. A legal case, MacCormick v. Lord Advocate (1953 SC 396), was taken to contest the right of the Queen to title herself Elizabeth II within Scotland, arguing that to do so would be a breach of the Act of Union. The case, however, was lost on the grounds that the pursuers had not title to sue the Crown and the numbering of monarchs was part of the Royal Prerogative, and thus not governed by the Act of Union. It was suggested by Winston Churchill that future British monarchs should be numbered according to either their English or Scottish predecessors, whichever number is higher.[11]
Less publicised controversies included the argument that the monarch was addressed as Your Grace in the pre-union Kingdom of Scotland (the monarchs of Renaissance England had been called both "Your Grace" and "Your Majesty"[12]) and that the standard title had been King/Queen of Scots (rex/regina scotorum) rather than of Scotland (rex/regina scotiae). At the opening ceremony of the devolved Scottish Parliament in Edinburgh in 1999, attended by the Queen, the Presiding Officer Lord Steel said at the close of his opening address: "It is good that today, once again, we the elected representatives of the people are able to welcome your majesty, not only as Queen of the United Kingdom, but seated as you are among us, to greet you in the historic and constitutionally correct manner, with warmth and affection, as Queen of Scots."[13] In 2002 Winnie Ewing, then president of the Scottish National Party, wrote to the Queen asking her to adopt the title "Elizabeth I" in Scotland.[14]
Current
Land | Date | Titel |
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The Americas | ||
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– 11 February 1982 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[15] |
– present |
By the Grace of God, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[15] | |
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– 27 December 1973 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of The Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[16] |
– present |
By the Grace of God, Queen of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[16][17] | |
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– 4 May 1967 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[18] |
– present |
By the Grace of God, Queen of Barbados and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[18][19] | |
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– 1981 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[20] |
By the Grace of God, Queen of Belize and of Her Other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[20] | ||
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– 29 May 1953 |
In English: Elizabeth the Second, By the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith[21][22]
In French: Elizabeth Deux, Par la Grâce de Dieu, Reine de Grande-Bretagne, d'Irande et des Territoires britanniques au delà des mers, Défenseur de la Foi[22] |
– present |
In English: Elizabeth the Second, By the Grace of God of the United Kingdom, Canada and Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[23][22][N 1][21]
In French: Sa Majesté Elizabeth Deux, par la grâce de Dieu Reine du Royaume-Uni, du Canada et de ses autres royaumes et territoires, Chef du Commonwealth, Défenseur de la Foi[22][25][N 2][21] | |
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– 1974 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of The Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[26] |
By the Grace of God, Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Grenada and Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[26] | ||
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– 31 August 1962 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[27] |
– present |
By the Grace of God of Jamaica and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth[27] | |
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– 1983 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of The Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[28] |
By the Grace of God, of Saint Christopher and Nevis, Queen, Head of the Commonwealth[28] | ||
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– 1979 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of The Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[29] |
By the Grace of God, Queen of Saint Lucia and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[29] | ||
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– 1979 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of The Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[30] |
By the Grace of God, Queen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[30] | ||
The British Isles | ||
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– 28 May 1953 |
In English: By the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith[31]
In Latin: Dei Gratia Magnae Britanniae, Hiberniae et terrarum transmarinarum quae in ditione sunt Britannica Regina, Fidei Defensor[32] |
- present |
In English: Elizabeth II, By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[33][2][31]
In Latin: Elizabeth II, Dei Gratia Britanniarum Regnorumque Suorum Ceterorum Regina, Consortionis Populorum Princeps, Fidei Defensor[32] In Welsh: Elizabeth yr Ail, trwy Ras Duw, o Deyrnas Unedig Prydain Fawr a Gogledd Iwerddon a'i Theyrnasoedd a'i Thiriogaethau eraill, Brenhines, Pennaeth y Gymanwlad, Amddiffynnydd y Ffydd[34] | |
Oceania | ||
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– 29 May 1953 |
By the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith[35] |
– 19 October 1973 |
Elizabeth the Second, By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom, Australia and Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[N 3][37][35][38] | |
– present |
By the Grace of God, Queen of Australia and Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[35][39] | |
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– 29 May 1953 |
By the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith[40] |
– 6 February 1974 |
Her Majesty Elizabeth II, By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Her Other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[40][41] | |
– present |
In English: By the Grace of God, Queen of New Zealand and Her Other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[40]
In Māori: Erihāpeti Te Tuarua, I te atawhai a te Atua, ko ia nei te Kuini o Aotearoa me Ērā Atu o Ōna Whenua, Rohe hoki, te Ūpoko o te Kotahitanga o Ngā Whenua i Raro i Tōna Maru, te Kaipupuri i te Mana o te Hāhi o Ingarangi[40][42] | |
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– present |
By the Grace of God, Queen of Papua New Guinea and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[43][44] |
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– 1 November 2013 |
By the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[45] |
– present |
Elizabeth the Second, By the Grace of God, Queen of Solomon Islands and Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[45][46] | |
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– 12 May 1987 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[47][48] |
– present |
By the Grace of God Queen of Tuvalu and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[47][49] |
Former
Land | Date | Titel |
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Africa | ||
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– 27 July 1957 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[50] |
– 30 June 1960 |
Queen of Ghana and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[50] | |
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– 1 June 1961 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[51][52] |
– 1 October 1963 |
Elizabeth the Second, By the Grace of God Queen of Nigeria and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[51][53][54][52] | |
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– 16 November 1961 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[55] |
– 19 April 1971 |
Queen of Sierra Leone and of Her Other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[55][56] | |
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– 12 January 1962 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[57] |
– 9 December 1962 |
Queen of Tanganyika and of Her Other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[57][58] | |
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– 2 November 1962 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[59] |
– 9 October 1963 |
By the Grace of God, Queen of Uganda and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[59][60] | |
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– 21 April 1964 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[61] |
– 12 December 1964 |
Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Kenya and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[61][62][63] | |
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– 1964 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[64] |
– 6 July 1966 |
By the Grace of God Queen of Malawi and of Her other Reals and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[64] | |
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– 15 April 1968 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[65] |
– 12 March 1992 |
Queen of Mauritius and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[65] | |
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– 29 May 1953 |
In English: Elizabeth II, By the Grace of God of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith[66][67]
In Afrikaans: Haar majesteit Elizabeth die Tweede, Deur Gods Genade, van Groot-Brittanje, Ierland en die Britse Oorsese Geweste Koningin, Verdediger van die Geloof[67] In Latin: Elizabeth II, Dei Gratia Magnae Britanniae, Hiberniae et terrarum transmarinarum quae in ditione sunt Britannica Regina, Fidei Defensor[66] |
– 31 May 1961 |
In English: Elizabeth II, Queen of South Africa and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[66][67]
In Afrikaans: Haar majesteit Elizabeth die Tweede, Koningin van Suid-Afrika en van Haar ander Koninkryke en Gebiede, Hoof van die Statebond[66][67] In Latin: Elizabeth II, Africae Australis regnorumque suo rum ceterorum Regina, consortionis populorum Princeps[66] | |
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– 18 June 1965 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[68] |
– 24 April 1970 |
Queen of The Gambia and all Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[68][69] | |
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– 2 March 1970 |
Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Rhodesia[70] |
The Americas | ||
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– 2 November 1962 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[71] |
– 1 August 1976 |
By the Grace of God, Queen of Trinidad and Tobago and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[71][72] | |
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– 18 June 1966 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[73] |
– 23 February 1970 |
By the Grace of God, Queen of Guyana and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[73][74] | |
Asia | ||
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– 29 May 1953 |
By the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith[75] |
– 23 March 1956 |
Queen of the United Kingdom and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[75] | |
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– 29 May 1953 |
By the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith[76] |
– 22 May 1972 |
Queen of Ceylon and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[76] | |
Europa | ||
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– 18 January 1965 |
In English: By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[77]
In Maltese: Għall-Grazzja t’Alla tar-Renju Unit tal-Britannja l-Kbira u ta’ l-Irlanda ta’ Fuq u tar-Renji u t-Territorji l-Oħra Tagħha, Reġina, Kap tal-Commonwealth u Difenditriċi tal-Fidi[77] |
– 13 December 1974 |
In English: By the Grace of God, Queen of Malta and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[77][78]
In Maltese: Għall-Grazzja t’Alla, Reġina ta’ Malta u tar-Renji u t-Territorji l-Oħra Tagħha, Kap tal-Commonwealth[77] | |
Oceania | ||
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– 27 November 1970 |
By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Relms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith[79] |
– 6 October 1987 |
By the Grace of God Queen of Fiji and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth[79] |
Unofficial
Australien
- 6 February 1952 – : Chieftain of the Braemar Gathering[84][85]
British Columbia, Canada
- 1959 – : Mother of all People[86]
- Commonwealth realms
Duchy of Lancaster
- 6 February 1952 – : Duke of Lancaster[90]
England
Fidschi
- 1961 – 2012:
- In Fijian: Ilisapeci – Na Radi ni Viti kei Peritania[94]
- In English: Elizabeth – Queen of Fiji and Great Britain
- 1998 – 2012:
- In Fijian: Tui Viti or Vunivalu[95]
- In English: Queen or paramount chief of Fiji
Gibraltar
- 6 May 2010 – : Queen of Gibraltar[96][N 7]
Guernsey
- 6 February 1952 – : Duke of Normandy
Hongkong
- 6 February 1952 – :
- 6 February 1952 – : The Boss[101]
Isle of Man
- 6 February 1952 – : Lord of Mann
Jamaika
- 1952 – :
- In Jamaican Patois: Missis Queen[102][103]
- 1952 – :
- In Jamaican Patois: The Queen Lady[102][103]
Jersey
- 6 February 1952 – : Duke of Normandy
Nebraska, United States
Neuseeland
- 1952 – :
Papua-Neuguinea
- 1952 – :
- 1952 – :
Rhodesia and Nyasaland[N 8]
Scotland
Sierra Leone
- 1952 – : Mama Queen II[115]
Südafrika
- 24 March 1995 – : Motlalepula[116]
Vereinigtes Königreich
- 6 February 1952 – : Fount of Justice[119]
Wales
- 1944 – 1952:
Military ranks
Vereinigtes Königreich
- 24 February – 26 July 1945: Hon. Second Subaltern, Auxiliary Territorial Service[125]
- 26 July 1945 – 24 July 1947: Hon. Junior Commander, Auxiliary Territorial Service[126]
- 24 July 1947 – 1 February 1949: Hon. Senior Controller, Auxiliary Territorial Service[127]
- 1 February 1949 – March 1950: Hon. Senior Controller, Women's Royal Army Corps[128]
Commonwealth of Nations honours
Commonwealth realms
Appointments
Decorations and medals
Land | Date | Decoration | Ribbon | Post-nominal letters |
---|---|---|---|---|
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1935 | King George V Silver Jubilee Medal | ![]() |
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1937 | King George VI Coronation Medal | ![]() |
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1945 | Defence Medal | ![]() |
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1945 | War Medal 1939–1945 | ![]() |
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1951 | Canadian Forces Decoration and five bars | ![]() |
CD |
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11 October 2016 | Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal and five bars[141][142] | ![]() |
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11 October 2016 | Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal and five bars | ![]() |
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11 October 2016 | RAF Long Service and Good Conduct Medal and five bars | ![]() |
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11 March 2020 | ULS Extension of the Service Medal of the Order of St John with 3 Gold Bars[143] | ![]() |
Other Commonwealth countries
Appointments
Decorations and medals
Land | Date | Decoration | Ribbon | Post-nominal letters |
---|---|---|---|---|
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1985 | Dominica Award of Honour[2] | ![]() |
DAH |
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1985 | Trinity Cross Medal in Gold[2] | ![]() |
TC |
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1992 | Sultan of Brunei Silver Jubilee Medal[2] | ![]() |
Foreign honours
Appointments
Dynastic orders
Source | Date | Appointment | Post-nominal letters |
---|---|---|---|
David Bagration of Mukhrani | 8 March 2017 | Grand Collar of the Order of the Eagle of Georgia[N 11][167] | GColEG |
Decorations
Land | Date | Decoration | Ribbon | Post-nominal letters |
---|---|---|---|---|
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1961 | Mahendra Chain[2] | ||
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1964 | Chain of Honour[2] | ![]() |
|
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1974 | Star of the Republic of Indonesia, 1st Class[2] | ![]() |
|
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1979 | Badr Chain | ||
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1979 | Collar of the Independence[2] | ![]() |
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1989 | Collar of the Federation[2] | ![]() |
Honorary military positions
1953 – : Captain-General of the Royal Regiment of Australian Artillery[168]
1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Australian Engineers[168]
1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Australian Infantry Corps[168]
1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Australian Army Ordnance Corps[168]
1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Australian Army Nursing Corps[168]
1953 – : Air-Commodore-in-Chief of the Australian Citizen Air Force
1947 – : Colonel-in-Chief of le Régiment de la Chaudière[168]
1947 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the 48th Highlanders of Canada[168]
1950 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada (Princess Louise's)[168]
1952 – : Captain-General of the Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery[168]
1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Governor General's Horse Guards[168]
1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the King's Own Calgary Regiment[168]
1953 – 1967: Colonel-in-Chief Corps of Royal Canadian Engineers
1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal 22e Régiment[168]
1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Governor General's Foot Guards[168]
1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Canadian Grenadier Guards[168]
1953 – 1956: Colonel-in-Chief of the Carleton and York Regiment
1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Canadian Guards
1956 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal New Brunswick Regiment[168]
1958 – 1968: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Canadian Ordnance Corps[168]
1977 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Military Engineers Branch[168]
1981 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Calgary Highlanders[168]
1953 – 1968: Air-Commodore-in-Chief of the Air Reserve Canada
1953 – 2012: Honorary Commissioner of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police
2012 – : Commissioner-in-Chief of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police[169]
1970 – 1987: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Fiji Military Forces
1959 – 1960: Colonel-in-Chief of the Ghana Regiment of Infantry
1953 – : Captain-General of the Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery[168]
1953 – : Captain-General of the Royal New Zealand Armoured Corps[168]
1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Corps of Royal New Zealand Engineers[168]
1953 – 1964: Colonel-in-Chief of the Countess of Ranfurly's Own Auckland Regiment
1953 – 1964: Colonel-in-Chief of the Wellington Regiment
1964 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment[168]
1977 – 1996: Colonel-in-Chief Royal of the New Zealand Army Ordnance Corps
1953 – : Air-Commodore-in-Chief of the Territorial Air Force of New Zealand
1947 – 1961: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Durban Light Infantry
1947 – 1961: Colonel-in-Chief of the South African Railways and Harbours Brigade
1952 – 1961: Colonel-in-Chief of the Imperial Light Horse
1953 – 1961: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Natal Carbineers
1953 – 1961: Colonel-in-Chief of the Kaffrarian Rifles
1942 – 1952: Colonel of the Grenadier Guards[170]
1947 – 2006: Colonel-in-Chief of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders (Princess Louise's)
1947 – 1994: Colonel-in-Chief of the 16th/5th Queen's Royal Lancers
1949 – : Honorary Brigadier of the Women's Royal Army Corps
1952 – : Colonel-in-Chief of The Life Guards[168]
1952 – 1969: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Horse Guards
1952 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Grenadier Guards[168]
1952 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Coldstream Guards[168]
1952 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Scots Guards[168]
1952 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Irish Guards[168]
1952 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Welsh Guards[168]
1952 – : Captain-General of the Royal Regiment of Artillery[168]
1952 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Corps of Royal Engineers[168]
1952 – : Captain-General of the Honourable Artillery Company[168]
1952 – : Master of the Merchant Navy and Fishing Fleets
1953 – 1971: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Scots Greys
1953 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Tank Regiment[168]
1953 – 2006: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Welch Fusiliers[168]
1953 – 1970: Colonel-in-Chief of the Loyal Regiment
1953 – 1966: Colonel-in-Chief of the King's Royal Rifle Corps
1953 – 1956: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Army Ordnance Corps
1953 – 1956: Honorary Colonel of the Queen's Own Worcestershire Hussars
1953 – : Captain-General of the Combined Cadet Force[168]
1953 – 1959: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal West African Frontier Force
1953 – 1964: Colonel-in-Chief of the King's African Rifles
1953 – 1964: Colonel-in-Chief of the Northern Rhodesia Regiment
1953 – 1974: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Malta Artillery
1953 – 1972: Colonel-in-Chief of the King's Own Malta Regiment
1953 – 1970: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Rhodesia Regiment
1953 – 1992: Colonel-in-Chief of the Duke of Lancaster's Own Yeomanry[171]
1956 – 1963: Colonel-in-Chief of the Queen's Own Nigeria Regiment
1956 – : Honorary Colonel of the Queen's Own Warwickshire and Worcestershire Yeomanry
1959 – 1963: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Nigerian Military Forces
1959 – 1971: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Sierra Leone Military Forces
1964 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Malawi Rifles[168]
1 April 1964 – 10 June 2011: Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom
1966 – 2007: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Green Jackets
1969 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Blues and Royals (Royal Horse Guards and 1st Dragoons)[168]
1970 – 2006: Colonel-in-Chief of the Queen's Lancashire Regiment
1971 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Scots Dragoon Guards[168]
1971 – 1999: Colonel-in-Chief of the Queen's Own Yeomanry
1973 – 1992: Colonel-in-Chief of the Queen's Own Mercian Yeomanry
1977 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Corps of Royal Military Police
1992 – : Patron of the Royal Army Chaplains' Department
1992 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Adjutant General's Corps[168]
1993 – : Affiliated Colonel-in-Chief of the Queen's Gurkha Engineers
1993 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Queen's Royal Lancers[168]
1994 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Mercian and Lancastrian Yeomanry[168]
2006 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Welsh[168]
2006 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Regiment of Scotland[168]
2006 – : Colonel-in-Chief of the Duke of Lancaster's Regiment[168]
2006 – : Royal Colonel of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders, 5th Battalion, The Royal Regiment of Scotland[168]
1953 – 1996: Air-Commodore-in-Chief of the Royal Observer Corps
1953 – : Air-Commodore-in-Chief of the Royal Auxiliary Air Force
1953 – : Air-Commodore-in-Chief of the Royal Air Force Regiment
1953 – : Commandant-in-Chief of the Royal Air Force College, Cranwell
1977 – : Royal Honorary Air Commodore of the Royal Air Force Marham
2000 – : Royal Honorary Air Commodore of the 603 (City of Edinburgh) Squadron
Non-national titles and honours
Freedom of the City
- Commonwealth realms
1947: London[172][173]
1947: Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead[174]
1948: Royal Burgh of Stirling
1948: Cardiff [175]
1949: Edinburgh
1949: Belfast
1951: Ottawa [176]
- Foreign
1976: Philadelphia[177]
1983: Long Beach, California[178]
1988: Madrid[179]
Memberships and fellowships
Land | Date | Organisation | Position |
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
1947 – 1952 | Royal Society | Fellow (FRS) |
![]() |
1947 – | Worshipful Company of Drapers | Freeman (by patrimony, her father (King George VI) being a member) |
![]() |
1947 – | Institution of Civil Engineers | Honorary member and patron[180] |
![]() |
1951 – | Royal College of Surgeons of England | Honorary fellow (FRCS) |
![]() |
1951 – | Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists | Honorary fellow (FRCOG) |
Scholastic
Since ascending the throne, the Queen has not accepted honorary degrees, as that would technically place her under the jurisdiction of the chancellor of whichever university had bestowed the degree, a position deemed unsuitable for a reigning monarch.
Degrees
Land | Date | University | Degree |
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
1946 | University of London | Bachelor of Music (BMus) honoris causa |
![]() |
1948 | University of Oxford | Doctor of Civil Law (DCL) honoris causa |
![]() |
1949 | University of Wales | Doctor of Music (DMus) honoris causa |
![]() |
1951 | University of Edinburgh | Doctor of Laws (LLD) honoris causa |
![]() |
1951 | University of London | Doctor of Laws (LLD) honoris causa |
Professional
In April 2013 the Queen was presented with an honorary BAFTA award by Sir Kenneth Branagh in a ceremony at Windsor Castle. The BAFTA was given for her "lifelong support of the British film and television industry".[181]
In 1975 she received the highest distinction of the Scout Association of Japan, the Golden Pheasant Award.[182]
See also
- Style of the British sovereign
- Title and style of the Canadian monarch
- List of things named after Elizabeth II
- List of titles and honours of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
- List of titles and honours of Charles, Prince of Wales
- List of titles and honours of George VI
- List of titles and honours of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother
- List of titles and honours of Mary of Teck
- List of titles and honours of Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn
- List of honours of the British royal family by country
- Flags of Elizabeth II
Notes
- ^ In some cases, such as an oath of allegiance, Elizabeth's Canadian title is shortened to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Canada.[24] On Canadian coins, it is rendered in Latin as Elizabeth II D.G. Regina ("Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Regina", or, in English, "Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, Queen).
- ^ In some older documents in French, Elizabeth's name is spelled Élisabeth or Elisabeth.
- ^ This title is shown on the Great Seal of Victoria in Latin as Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Britanniarum Terrae Australis Regnorumque Suorum Ceterorum Regina, Consortionis Populorum Princeps, Fidei Defensor.[36]
- ^ Now part of Tanzania.
- ^ Although Elizabeth was recognised as Queen of Rhodesia by the Rhodesian government, she never accepted or exercised the office for the years between the Rhodesian declaration of independence in 1965 and the proclamation of a republic in Rhodesia in 1970.
- ^ Now Sri Lanka.
- ^ The kingship of Gibraltar continues to be among the titles of the Spanish monarchy. However, since 2010 the Government of Gibraltar has started to use the title "Queen of Gibraltar" in reference to Elizabeth II.[96] Initially only used on coinage, the title now appears on several Gibraltar and UK government documents referencing the Queen in relation to Gibraltar.[97]
- ^ Today part of Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
- ^ Sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations sharing the same person as monarch.
- ^ The Queen stripped Romanian dictator Nicolae Ceaușescu, who was overthrown in a popular revolution, of his honorary British knighthood in December 1989,[152] and returned her own order because "of revulsion at the abuse of human rights in Romania for which Ceaușescu is responsible".[153]
- ^ It has never been clarified if Queen Elizabeth II accepted this as an honour for herself and is described by Buckingham Palace as a 'gift'
References
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- ^ Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (1952), Documents on Canadian External Relations, vol. 18, Queen's Printer for Canada, archived from the original on 15 May 2013, retrieved 20 December 2009
- ^ Government of South Africa (7 February 1952). "Proclamation No. 12 of 1952". Government Gazette Extraordinary. CLXVII (4781). Queen's Printer.
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- ^ "No. 39458". The London Gazette (Supplement). 6 February 1952. p. 757.
- ^ a b Bousfield & Toffoli 2002, p. 75
- ^ Twomey, Anne (2006), The Chameleon Crown, Sydney: Federation Press, p. 105, ISBN 9781862876293
- ^ Privy Council Office (24 November 1952), "Memorandum for Prime Minister", in Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (ed.), Documents on Canadian External Relations, vol. 18–2, Ottawa: Queen's Printer for Canada
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- ^ New Zealand Gazette, Extra, No. 30, 29 May 1953, p. 851.
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- ^ a b "Solomon Islands: Heads of State: 1978-2021". archontology.org. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ The style was in non-statutory use since 1988 when it was included in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and External Trade Manual. Royal Style and Titles Act 2013 (passed by the National Parliament 1 Aug 2013, received royal assent 10 Oct 2013) and went into effect upon its publication in a supplement to the Solomon Islands Gazette, No. 82, Extra, 1 Nov 2013.
- ^ a b "Tuvalu: Heads of State: 1978-2021". archontology.org. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ Elizabeth II was declared to be the Sovereign of Tuvalu specifically under this style and titles, as recorded in the Constitution of 1986 (Art. 48; there shown with minor variants with no statutory significance).
- ^ Royal Style and Titles Act, 1987 (full title: An Act to determine the Royal Style and Titles) received royal assent 12 May 1987, providing for adoption of a new style and titles and for issuing a royal proclamation for that purpose which is presumed to have been published shortly after.
- ^ a b "Ghana: Heads of State: 1957-1960". archontology.org. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ a b Royal Styles and Title Act, 1961, quoted in Benjamin Obi Nwabueze (1982). A Constitutional History of Nigeria. C. Hurst & Co. p. 86. ISBN 0-905838-79-3.
- ^ a b "Nigeria: Heads of State: 1960-1963". archontology.org. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ Royal Style and Titles Act, 1961 (full title: An Act to provide for an Alteration of the Royal Style and Titles) was assented 19 May 1961 and took effect upon publication in Official Gazette, No. 39, 1 Jun 1961, Supplement A, pp. A19-A20, providing for adoption of a new style and titles and for issuing a proclamation for that purpose. The proclamation bearing the date of 28 Aug 1961 was published in Official Gazette, No. 63, 31 Aug 1961, p. 1189, and retroactively fixed 1 Jun 1961 as the date of the commencement of the Royal Style and Titles Act.
- ^ Royal Style and Titles Act, 1961, provided for the use of the following style: "Elizabeth, the Second, Queen of Nigeria and of Her Other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth". An introductory part of the style ("By the Grace of God") was nevertheless added in official use.
- ^ a b "Sierra Leone: Heads of State: 1961–1971". archontology.org. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ Royal Style and Titles Act, 1961 (full title: An Act to provide for an Alteration of the Royal Style and Titles) was assented 8 Nov 1961 and took effect upon publication on 16 Nov 1961, providing for adoption of a new style and titles and for issuing a proclamation for that purpose which is presumed to have been issued shortly after.
- ^ a b "Tanganyika: Heads of State: 1961-1962". archontology.org. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ Royal proclamation affecting the change in the style is dated 16 Dec 1961 and takes effect upon publication in the Supplement to the Tanganyika Gazette, 12 Jan 1962.
- ^ a b "Uganda: Heads of State: 1962-1963". archontology.org. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ Royal proclamation affecting the change in the style is dated 16 Oct 1962 and takes effect upon publication in the Supplement to the Uganda Gazette, 2 Nov 1962.
- ^ a b "Kenya: Heads of State: 1963-1964". archontology.org. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ A proclamation affecting the change in royal style and titles is dated 10 Mar 1964 and took effect upon publication as Legal Notice No. 120 in Supplement No. 56 to Kenya Gazette, No. 18, 21 Apr 1964.
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- ^ a b "The Gambia: Heads of State: 1965-1970". archontology.org. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ Royal Style and Titles Act, 1965 (full title: An Act to provide for the alteration of the Royal Style and Titles) is assented 18 Jun 1965 and takes effect on the same date, providing for adoption of a new style and titles and for issuing a proclamation for that purpose which is presumed to have been issued shortly after.
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At a ceremonial durbar, in the Sierra Leone provincial town of Bo, some of the paramount chiefs got so high on palm wine that they had to be carried to greet "Mama Queen II" (Queen Victoria was Mama Queen I).
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On 24 March, a garden party hosted by Executive Deputy President Thabo Mbeki for approximately 1000 South African guests was held at the Presidential Guest House in Pretoria. In his address, Mr Mbeki bestowed a new name on the Queen, namely that of 'Motlalepula' which means 'the one who brings the rain'.
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But by the time she left, the rains had come, the crowds had turned out after all, and a legend had become official. Thabo Mbeki had declared her Motlalepula – the Rain Queen.
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External links
- Hansard recording of debate on the royal title in the British House of Commons, 3 March 1953
- Use dmy dates from July 2013
- Elizabeth II-related lists
- Lists of titles by person of the United Kingdom
- British monarchy-related lists
- BAFTA winners (people)
- Collars of the Order of the Liberator General San Martin
- Collars of the Order of the White Lion
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