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== Launch ==
== Launch ==
A [[Soyuz-2|Soyuz-2.1a]] launched Progress MS-16 to the International Space Station from [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31]] on 15 February 2021 following a two-day, 34-orbit rendezvous profile.<ref name="SFN20210212"/><ref name="NextSF"/><ref name="sln_Progress_77P"/> Progress MS-16 was docked on February 17, 2021 at 06:26:47 UTC using manual docking system operated by [[Expedition 64]] commander [[Sergey Ryzhikov (cosmonaut)|Sergey Ryzhikov]] to the [[Pirs (ISS module)|Pirs]] module of the [[International Space Station|ISS]], where it is expected to remain until 23 July 2021, 13:17 UTC.<ref name="SFN20210212"/><ref name="RSW20210214"/>
A [[Soyuz-2|Soyuz-2.1a]] launched Progress MS-16 to the International Space Station from [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31]] on 15 February 2021 following a two-day, 34-orbit rendezvous profile.<ref name="SFN20210212"/><ref name="NextSF"/><ref name="sln_Progress_77P"/> Progress MS-16 was docked on February 17, 2021 at 06:26:47 UTC using manual docking system operated by [[Expedition 64]] commander [[Sergey Ryzhikov (cosmonaut)|Sergey Ryzhikov]] to the [[Pirs (ISS module)|Pirs]] module of the [[International Space Station|ISS]], where it is expected to remain until 26 July 2021, 13:17 UTC.<ref name="SFN20210212"/><ref name="RSW20210214"/>


== Cargo ==
== Cargo ==

Revision as of 18:59, 25 July 2021

Progress MS-16
Progress MS-16 approaches the ISS.
NamesПрогресс МC-16
Progress 77P
Mission typeISS resupply
OperatorRoscosmos
COSPAR ID2021-011A Edit this at Wikidata
SATCAT no.47618
Websitehttps://www.roscosmos.ru/
Mission duration158 days (planned)
1295 days and 23 hours (In progress)
Spacecraft properties
SpacecraftProgress MS-16
Spacecraft typeProgress MS
ManufacturerRSC Energia
Launch mass7000 kg
Payload mass2460.5 kg
Powerwatts
Start of mission
Launch date15 February 2021, 04:45:06 UTC[1]
RocketSoyuz-2.1a
Launch siteBaikonur, Site 31
ContractorProgress Rocket Space Centre
End of mission
DisposalDeorbited (planned)
Decay date26 July 2021, 14:51 UTC
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric orbit
RegimeLow Earth orbit
Inclination51.65°
Docking with ISS
Docking portZvezda nadir by Pirs nadir
Docking date17 February 2021, 06:27 UTC [1]
Undocking date26 July 2021, 10:45 UTC (planned)
Time docked156 days (planned)
1293 days and 23 hours (In progress)
Cargo
Mass2460.5 kg [1]
Pressurised1400 kg
Fuel600 kg
Gaseous40.5 kg
Water420 kg
Progress ISS Resupply

Progress MS-16 (Russian: Прогресс МC-16), Russian production No. 445, identified by NASA as Progress 77P, is a Progress spacecraft launched by Roscosmos to resupply the International Space Station (ISS). This is the 168th flight of a Progress spacecraft.

History

The Progress-MS is an uncrewed freighter based on the Progress-M featuring improved avionics. This improved variant first launched on 21 December 2015. It has the following improvements:[2][3][4][5]

  • New external compartment that enables it to deploy satellites. Each compartment can hold up to four launch containers. First time installed on Progress MS-03.
  • Enhanced redundancy thanks to the addition of a backup system of electrical motors for the docking and sealing mechanism.
  • Improved Micrometeoroid (MMOD) protection with additional panels in the cargo compartment.
  • Luch Russian relay satellites link capabilities enable telemetry and control even when not in direct view of ground radio stations.
  • GNSS autonomous navigation enables real time determination of the status vector and orbital parameters dispensing with the need of ground station orbit determination.
  • Real time relative navigation thanks to direct radio data exchange capabilities with the space station.
  • New digital radio that enables enhanced TV camera view for the docking operations.
  • The Ukrainian Chezara Kvant-V on board radio system and antenna/feeder system has been replaced with a Unified Command Telemetry System (UCTS).
  • Replacement of the Kurs A with Kurs NA digital system.

Launch

A Soyuz-2.1a launched Progress MS-16 to the International Space Station from Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31 on 15 February 2021 following a two-day, 34-orbit rendezvous profile.[1][6][7] Progress MS-16 was docked on February 17, 2021 at 06:26:47 UTC using manual docking system operated by Expedition 64 commander Sergey Ryzhikov to the Pirs module of the ISS, where it is expected to remain until 26 July 2021, 13:17 UTC.[1][8]

Cargo

On 4 February 2021, Roskosmos said that Progress MS-16 had been installed back into its processing stand inside the assembly building at Site 254 for final pre-launch operations and loading of fresh food items in its cargo bay. The ship's cargo included 600 kg of propellant for refueling, 420 kg of drinking water in the Rodnik system, 40.5 kg of pressurized gases with extra nitrogen supplies and 1,400 kg of various equipment and supplies, including the repair kit with reinforced glue patches for temporary sealing of the Transfer Chamber, PrK, in the Zvezda Service Module (SM), Roskosmos said.[9]

The Progress MS-16 spacecraft is loaded with 2,460.5 kg (5,424 lb) of cargo, with 1,400 kg (3,100 lb) of this being dry cargo.[1]

  • Dry cargo: 1,400 kg (3,100 lb)
  • Propellant: 600 kg (1,300 lb)
  • Pressurized Gases: 40.5 kg (89 lb)
  • Drinking Water: 420 kg (930 lb)

Undocking and decay

The Progress MS-16 was expected to remain docked at the station until 23 July 2021, 12:45 UTC, when it would leave with the waste and the Pirs module, to enter the atmosphere of Earth four hours later, for destruction over the South Pacific Ocean. The Nauka module was launched on 21 July 2021 at 14:58:25 UTC, for docking on 29 July 2021, 13:25 UTC. However, after problems with the telemetry of the Nauka Module after launch, Progress MS-16 undocking was pushed to 26 July 2021, 10:45 UTC and deorbit on the same day at 14:51 UTC.[10]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f "Russian space station cargo freighter moved to launch pad in Kazakhstan". Spaceflight Now. 12 February 2021. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  2. ^ Krebs, Gunter (1 December 2015). "Progress-MS 01-19". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
  3. ^ "Display: Progress MS-15 2020-050A". NASA. 10 February 2021. Retrieved 15 February 2021. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  4. ^ Zak, Anatoly (1 December 2015). "Progress-MS". RussianSpaceWeb.com. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
  5. ^ Blau, Patrick (1 December 2015). "Progress MS Spacecraft". Spaceflight101.com. Retrieved 17 November 2020.
  6. ^ "Progress MS-16". Next Spaceflight. 1 September 2020. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  7. ^ "Progress 77P (MS-16)". Space Launch Now. 1 December 2020.
  8. ^ Zak, Anatoly (14 February 2021). "Progress MS-16 prepares for a special mission". RussianSpaceWeb.com. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
  9. ^ Zak, Anatoly (4 February 2021). "Update: Planned Progress MS-16 Flight". RussianSpaceWeb.com. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  10. ^ "News. Pirs undocking and deorbit date set". en.roscosmos.ru. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
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