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In the [[geologic time scale]], the '''Greenlandian''' is the earliest [[age (geology)|age]] or lowest [[stage (stratigraphy)|stage]] of the [[Holocene]] [[Epoch (geology)|epoch]] or [[series (stratigraphy)|series]], part of the [[Quaternary]].<ref name="ICS">{{cite web |url=http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2020-01.pdf |last=Cohen |first=K. M. |last2=Finney |first2=S. C. |last3=Gibbard |first3=P. L. |last4=Fan |first4=J-X. |title=International Chronostratigraphic Chart |publisher=International Commission on Stratigraphy |date=January 2020 |access-date=8 January 2021}}</ref><ref name="chart">{{cite web |last1=International Commission on Stratigraphy |title=ICS chart containing the Quaternary and Cambrian GSSPs and new stages (v 2018/07) is now released! |url=http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-news-and-meetings/120-ics-chart-containing-the-quaternary-gssps-and-new-stages-v-2018-07-is-now-released |access-date=15 July 2018}}</ref> Beginning in 9700 BCE and ending 6236 BCE,<ref name="BBCNews">{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-44868527 |title=Welcome to the Meghalayan Age – a new phase in history |last=Amos |first=Jonathan |date=18 July 2018 |work=BBC News |access-date=19 July 2018}}</ref> it is the earliest of three sub-divisions of the Holocene, and was officially ratified by the [[International Commission on Stratigraphy]] in June 2018 with the later [[Northgrippian]] and [[Meghalayan]] ages/stages.<ref name="chart"/> The lower boundary of the Greenlandian Age is the [[Global_Boundary_Stratotype_Section_and_Point|GSSP]] sample from the [[North Greenland Ice Core Project]] in central Greenland (75.1000°N 42.3200°W).<ref name="GSSP-Table">{{cite web |last1=International Commission on Stratigraphy. |title=GSSP Table – All Periods |url=http://www.stratigraphy.org/GSSP/index.html |website=GSSPs |access-date=15 July 2018}}</ref> The Greenlandian GSSP has been correlated with the end of [[Younger Dryas]] (from near-glacial to interglacial) and a "shift in deuterium excess values".<ref name="GSSP-Table"/>
In the [[geologic time scale]], the '''Greenlandian''' is the earliest [[age (geology)|age]] or lowest [[stage (stratigraphy)|stage]] of the [[Holocene]] [[Epoch (geology)|epoch]] or [[series (stratigraphy)|series]], part of the [[Quaternary]].<ref name="ICS">{{cite web |url=http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2020-01.pdf |last=Cohen |first=K. M. |last2=Finney |first2=S. C. |last3=Gibbard |first3=P. L. |last4=Fan |first4=J-X. |title=International Chronostratigraphic Chart |publisher=International Commission on Stratigraphy |date=January 2020 |access-date=8 January 2021}}</ref><ref name="chart">{{cite web |last1=International Commission on Stratigraphy |title=ICS chart containing the Quaternary and Cambrian GSSPs and new stages (v 2018/07) is now released! |url=http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-news-and-meetings/120-ics-chart-containing-the-quaternary-gssps-and-new-stages-v-2018-07-is-now-released |access-date=15 July 2018}}</ref> Beginning in 9700 BCE (300 HE) and ending 6236 BCE (3764 HE),<ref name="BBCNews">{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-44868527 |title=Welcome to the Meghalayan Age – a new phase in history |last=Amos |first=Jonathan |date=18 July 2018 |work=BBC News |access-date=19 July 2018}}</ref> it is the earliest of three sub-divisions of the Holocene, and was officially ratified by the [[International Commission on Stratigraphy]] in June 2018 with the later [[Northgrippian]] and [[Meghalayan]] ages/stages.<ref name="chart"/> The lower boundary of the Greenlandian Age is the [[Global_Boundary_Stratotype_Section_and_Point|GSSP]] sample from the [[North Greenland Ice Core Project]] in central Greenland (75.1000°N 42.3200°W).<ref name="GSSP-Table">{{cite web |last1=International Commission on Stratigraphy. |title=GSSP Table – All Periods |url=http://www.stratigraphy.org/GSSP/index.html |website=GSSPs |access-date=15 July 2018}}</ref> The Greenlandian GSSP has been correlated with the end of [[Younger Dryas]] (from near-glacial to interglacial) and a "shift in deuterium excess values".<ref name="GSSP-Table"/>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 00:14, 22 September 2021

Not to be confused with Greenlandic.

Greenlandian
0.0117 – 0.0082 Ma
↓
Chronology
Etymology
Name formalityFormal
Name ratified14 June 2018[1][2]
Usage information
Celestial bodyEarth
Regional usageGlobal (ICS)
Time scale(s) usedICS Time Scale
Definition
Chronological unitAge
Stratigraphic unitStage
Time span formalityFormal
Lower boundary definitionEnd of the Younger Dryas stadial
Lower boundary GSSPNGRIP2 ice core, Greenland
75°06′00″N 42°19′12″W / 75.1000°N 42.3200°W / 75.1000; -42.3200
Lower GSSP ratified14 June 2018 (as base of Greenlandian)[1]
Upper boundary definition8.2 kiloyear event
Upper boundary GSSPNGRIP1 ice core, Greenland
75°06′00″N 42°19′12″W / 75.1000°N 42.3200°W / 75.1000; -42.3200
Upper GSSP ratified14 June 2018[1]
Part of a series on
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↑ Prehistory (Stone Age)   (Pleistocene epoch)
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In the geologic time scale, the Greenlandian is the earliest age or lowest stage of the Holocene epoch or series, part of the Quaternary.[3][4] Beginning in 9700 BCE (300 HE) and ending 6236 BCE (3764 HE),[5] it is the earliest of three sub-divisions of the Holocene, and was officially ratified by the International Commission on Stratigraphy in June 2018 with the later Northgrippian and Meghalayan ages/stages.[4] The lower boundary of the Greenlandian Age is the GSSP sample from the North Greenland Ice Core Project in central Greenland (75.1000°N 42.3200°W).[6] The Greenlandian GSSP has been correlated with the end of Younger Dryas (from near-glacial to interglacial) and a "shift in deuterium excess values".[6]

References

  1. ^ a b c Walker, Mike; Head, Martin J.; Berkelhammer, Max; Björck, Svante; Cheng, Hai; Cwynar, Les; Fisher, David; Gkinis, Vasilios; Long, Anthony; Lowe, John; Newnham, Rewi; Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Weiss, Harvey (1 December 2018). "Formal ratification of the subdivision of the Holocene Series/ Epoch (Quaternary System/Period): two new Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points (GSSPs) and three new stages/subseries" (PDF). Episodes. 41 (4). Subcommission on Quaternary Stratigraphy (SQS): 213–223. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2018/018016. Retrieved 28 August 2020. This proposal on behalf of the SQS has been approved by the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) and formally ratified by the Executive Committee of the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS).
  2. ^ Head, Martin J. (17 May 2019). "Formal subdivision of the Quaternary System/Period: Present status and future directions". Quaternary International. 500: 32–51. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2019.05.018. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
  3. ^ Cohen, K. M.; Finney, S. C.; Gibbard, P. L.; Fan, J-X. (January 2020). "International Chronostratigraphic Chart" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
  4. ^ a b International Commission on Stratigraphy. "ICS chart containing the Quaternary and Cambrian GSSPs and new stages (v 2018/07) is now released!". Retrieved 15 July 2018.
  5. ^ Amos, Jonathan (18 July 2018). "Welcome to the Meghalayan Age – a new phase in history". BBC News. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  6. ^ a b International Commission on Stratigraphy. "GSSP Table – All Periods". GSSPs. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
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