Wind power in Pennsylvania: Difference between revisions
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Despite the state's limited shoreline, on [[Lake Erie]], Pennsylvania has the potential to install up to 5,670 MW of offshore wind turbines in an area of {{convert|1,135|sqkm}}, capable of generating 23,571 GWh/year.<ref>[http://www.nrel.gov/gis/re_potential.html Renewable Energy Technical Potential]</ref> Offshore wind turbines tend to have a higher [[capacity factor]] than onshore wind turbines |
Despite the state's limited shoreline, on [[Lake Erie]], Pennsylvania has the potential to install up to 5,670 MW of offshore wind turbines in an area of {{convert|1,135|sqkm}}, capable of generating 23,571 GWh/year.<ref>[http://www.nrel.gov/gis/re_potential.html Renewable Energy Technical Potential]</ref> Offshore wind turbines tend to have a higher [[capacity factor]] than onshore wind turbines |
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[[File:Pennsylvania Wind Resource Map 80m wind map.PNG|thumb|Pennsylvania 80-Meter Wind Map]] |
[[File:Pennsylvania Wind Resource Map 80m wind map.PNG|thumb|Pennsylvania 80-Meter Wind Map]] |
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Revision as of 08:09, 5 October 2021
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Somerset_wind_farm_all_portrait_cloudy.jpg/220px-Somerset_wind_farm_all_portrait_cloudy.jpg)
Wind Power in Pennsylvania, one of the major source of renewable energy, it accounts for over one third of the renewable energy production of Pennsylvania.[1] There are more than 27 wind farms currently installed in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. These 27 farms on average could provide power for nearly 350,000 homes or 1,300 megawatts of energy.[2] A majority of these wind farms are located in the southwest-central and northeastern regions of the state.[3] Pennsylvania is an East Coast leader in wind energy due to its natural wind resources and governmental incentives brought on by the state. There is a lot of potential for growth within the wind power industry in Pennsylvania and the Northeast. Pennsylvania is close to several offshore sites along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean.
Wind power is also environmentally friendly. In a comparison done with coal power, studies found that wind power resulted in a saving of 93,000 tons of net CO2 impact. Also wind power is efficient to create and sustain because it creates 31 times more energy than it requires during the manufacturing process and over its 20 year lifetime.[4]
If all wind energy potential in Pennsylvania was developed with utility-scale wind turbines, the power produced each year would be enough to supply 6.4% of the state's current electricity consumption.[5] In 2016 the state had 1369 megawatts (MW) of wind powered electricity generating capacity, responsible for 1.6% of in-state electricity production.[6] This increased to 1459 MW in 2020.[7]
History
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/HighlandNorth.jpg/200px-HighlandNorth.jpg)
In 2000, state's first commercial wind farm, the Green Mountain Wind Energy Center, was completed in Somerset County, but deactivated in 2015. [8]
In 2006, Pennsylvania's legislature ruled that wind turbines and related equipment may not be included in property-tax assessments. Instead, the sites of wind facilities are assessed for their income-capitalization value. [9]
In 2007, Montgomery County became the first wind-powered county in the nation, with a two-year commitment to buy 100 percent of its electricity from a combination of wind energy and renewable energy credits derived from wind energy. [10]
Within 15 years, Pennsylvania will require 18 percent of electricity to come from renewable energy sources such as wind energy. The Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission is currently developing regulations to implement this policy.
Voluntary agreements with wind energy companies in Pennsylvania have been signed by The Pennsylvania Game Commission to avoid, minimize, and potentially mitigate any adverse impacts the development and production of wind energy may have on the state's wildlife resources. [11]
Many smaller wind farms in Pennsylvania are operated by NextEra Energy Resources, based in Florida. [12]
Wind Farms
Wind Farm | County | Number of Turbines | Turbine Capacity (MW) | Farm Capacity (MW) |
Somerset | Somerset | 6 | 1.5 | 9.0 |
Mill Run | Fayette | 10 | 1.5 | 15.0 |
Waymart | Wayne | 43 | 1.5 | 64.5 |
Meyersdale | Somerset | 20 | 1.5 | 30.0 |
Bear Creek | Luzerne | 12 | 2.0 | 24.0 |
Locust Ridge I | Schuylkill | 13 | 2.0 | 26.0 |
Allegheny Ridge | Cambria, Blair | 40 | 2.0 | 80.0 |
Casselman | Somerset | 23 | 1.5 | 34.5 |
Forward | Somerset | 14 | 2.1 | 29.4 |
Lookout | Somerset | 18 | 2.1 | 37.8 |
Locust Ridge II | Columbia, Schuylkill | 51 | 2.0 | 102.0 |
Highland | Cambria | 25 | 2.5 | 62.5 |
North Allegheny | Cambria, Blair | 35 | 2.0 | 70 |
Armenia Mountain | Tioga, Bradford | 67 | 1.5 | 100.5 |
Stony Creek | Somerset | 35 | 1.5 | 52.5 |
Chestnut Flats | Blair | 19 | 2.0 | 38 |
South Chestnut | Fayette | 23 | 2.0 | 46 |
Turkey Point Wind Project (Frey Farm Wind) | Lancaster | 2 | 1.6 | 3.2 |
Highland North | Cambria | 30 | 2.5 | 75 |
Sandy Ridge | Blair, Centre | 25 | 2.0 | 50 |
Twin Ridges | Somerset | 68 | 2.05 | 139.4 |
Laurel Hill | Lycoming | 30 | 2.3 | 69.0 |
Patton | Cambria | 15 | 2.0 | 30 |
Mehoopany | Wyoming | 88 | 1.6 | 140.8 |
Ringer Hill | Somerset | 14 | 2.85 | 39.9 |
Big Level | Potter | 25 | 3.6 | 90 |
Total | 751 | 1459 |
Location map
Installed capacity and wind resources
The graph at left shows the end of year wind generation capacity growth from 1999 through 2019.
In a 2010 report, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory stated that Pennsylvania had potential to install up to about 3,300 MW of onshore wind power nameplate capacity at 80m, which would generate enough clean power annually to meet the energy needs of 1,168,000 homes, or 7,200 MW at 100m, capable of generating 21,200 GWh/year.[17][18]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Screen_Shot_2021-09-20_at_6.17.28_PM.png/220px-Screen_Shot_2021-09-20_at_6.17.28_PM.png)
Despite the state's limited shoreline, on Lake Erie, Pennsylvania has the potential to install up to 5,670 MW of offshore wind turbines in an area of 1,135 square kilometres (438 sq mi), capable of generating 23,571 GWh/year.[19] Offshore wind turbines tend to have a higher capacity factor than onshore wind turbines
Wind generation
Pennsylvania Wind Generation (GWh, Million kWh) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Total | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
2001 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
2002 | 59 | 9 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 5 |
2003 | 112 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 18 | 40 |
2004 | 307 | 41 | 29 | 31 | 32 | 21 | 16 | 14 | 12 | 17 | 24 | 30 | 40 |
2005 | 283 | 26 | 27 | 33 | 26 | 19 | 15 | 12 | 11 | 15 | 26 | 37 | 36 |
2006 | 360 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 31 | 27 | 19 | 19 | 18 | 22 | 37 | 27 | 46 |
2007 | 470 | 49 | 45 | 51 | 45 | 26 | 30 | 23 | 22 | 26 | 46 | 46 | 61 |
2008 | 727 | 77 | 60 | 69 | 59 | 65 | 40 | 27 | 30 | 35 | 69 | 87 | 109 |
2009 | 1,076 | 57 | 69 | 53 | 60 | 74 | 43 | 46 | 43 | 92 | 127 | 178 | 234 |
2010 | 1,966 | 224 | 190 | 176 | 151 | 128 | 116 | 77 | 73 | 132 | 186 | 179 | 222 |
2011 | 1,796 | 174 | 212 | 215 | 217 | 114 | 92 | 69 | 90 | 87 | 144 | 195 | 187 |
2012 | 2,129 | 252 | 194 | 207 | 209 | 107 | 150 | 106 | 76 | 120 | 206 | 207 | 294 |
2013 | 3,352 | 356 | 336 | 396 | 363 | 294 | 202 | 121 | 128 | 158 | 240 | 405 | 353 |
2014 | 3,536 | 403 | 332 | 402 | 398 | 227 | 158 | 175 | 161 | 178 | 354 | 397 | 351 |
2015 | 3,353 | 391 | 314 | 416 | 348 | 206 | 230 | 132 | 118 | 156 | 317 | 363 | 361 |
2016 | 3,476 | 412 | 387 | 355 | 274 | 184 | 215 | 155 | 149 | 179 | 338 | 370 | 458 |
2017 | 3,590 | 307 | 327 | 377 | 361 | 322 | 274 | 223 | 183 | 249 | 341 | 317 | 309 |
2018 | 3,566 | 412 | 386 | 292 | 334 | 288 | 219 | 206 | 200 | 221 | 330 | 341 | 337 |
2019 | 3,252 | 346 | 297 | 339 | 329 | 230 | 243 | 169 | 176 | 193 | 287 | 278 | 365 |
2020 | 3,874 | 358 | 369 | 380 | 371 | 326 | 269 | 201 | 222 | 250 | 332 | 421 | 375 |
2021 | 1,917 | 321 | 327 | 402 | 352 | 282 | 233 |
Teal background indicates the largest wind generation month for the year.
Green background indicates the largest wind generation month to date.
See also
- Solar power in Pennsylvania
- Renewable energy law in Pennsylvania
- Wind power in the United States
- Renewable energy in the United States
References
- ^ "Pennsylvania - State Energy Profile Analysis - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)". www.eia.gov. Retrieved 2021-10-05.
- ^ "Wind Power". Department of Environmental Protection. Retrieved 2021-09-21.
- ^ "Pennsylvania Wind Farms | Saint Francis University". www.francis.edu. Retrieved 2021-09-21.
- ^ "Wind Energy in Pennsylvania". Penn State Extension. Retrieved 2021-09-21.
- ^ State wind energy fact sheet - Pennsylvania, American Wind Energy Association, Dec. 2011
- ^ "Pennsylvania Wind Energy" (PDF). U.S. Wind Energy State Facts. American Wind Energy Association. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
- ^ Wind Energy in Pennsylvania
- ^ "Pennsylvania Wind Farms | Saint Francis University". www.francis.edu. Retrieved 2021-10-03.
- ^ "Property:Incentive/Summary | Open Energy Information". openei.org. Retrieved 2021-10-03.
- ^ Corcoran, John (20 March 2019). "Montgomery County Announces 100% Wind Power Purchase & Commitment To Sustainable Operations". Retrieved 28 September 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Wind Power". Department of Environmental Protection. Retrieved 2021-09-21.
- ^ "Info for Pennsylvanians: PA Wind Farms". www.pawindenergynow.org. Retrieved 2021-09-21.
- ^ "Wind Powering America: Installed U.S. Wind Capacity and Wind Project Locations". U.S. Department of Energy. 19 January 2012. Retrieved 19 January 2012.
- ^ "AWEA 4th quarter 2011 Public Market Report" (PDF). American Wind Energy Association(AWEA). January 2012. Retrieved 3 February 2012.
- ^ "WINDExchange: Installed Wind Capacity". U.S. Department of Energy. 29 December 2016. Retrieved 29 December 2016.
- ^ "WINDExchange: U.S. Installed and Potential Wind Power Capacity and Generation". U.S. Department of Energy. 3 March 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
- ^ "Estimates of Windy Land Area and Wind Energy Potential by State for Areas >= 30% Capacity Factor at 80m" (XLS). National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 2010-02-04. Retrieved 2010-03-29.
- ^ "Pennsylvania Wind Activities". National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 2010-02-19. Retrieved 2010-03-29.
- ^ Renewable Energy Technical Potential
- ^ EIA (July 27, 2012). "Electric Power Monthly Table 1.17.A." United States Department of Energy. Retrieved 2012-08-15.
- ^ EIA. "EIA Electricity Data Browser". United States Department of Energy. Retrieved 2016-12-30.
- ^ Wind Energy in Pennsylvania
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Pennsylvania Wind Working Group
- Penn Future: Citizens for Pennsylvania's Future profile on Wind farms in Pennsylvania.