Paleoarchean: Difference between revisions
just revert, this is a highly disruptive IP range |
Added a source for the supercontinent Vaalbara and updated the sentence to more accurately reflect current knowledge. Added a picture showing a map of the Barberton Greenstone belt. |
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[[File:Stromatolithe_Paléoarchéen_-_MNHT.PAL.2009.10.1.jpg|thumb|upright 1.2| A [[stromatolite]] formed by Paleoarchean miocrobial mats, preserved as a [[fossil]], from [[Pilbara craton]], [[Western Australia]]]] |
[[File:Stromatolithe_Paléoarchéen_-_MNHT.PAL.2009.10.1.jpg|thumb|upright 1.2| A [[stromatolite]] formed by Paleoarchean miocrobial mats, preserved as a [[fossil]], from [[Pilbara craton]], [[Western Australia]]]] |
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[[File:Vaalbara Continent.jpg|Artist's impression of what Vaalbara may have looked like|thumb|left]] |
[[File:Vaalbara Continent.jpg|Artist's impression of what Vaalbara may have looked like|thumb|left]] |
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The '''Paleoarchean''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|eɪ|l|i|oʊ|ɑːr|ˈ|k|iː|ə|n}}), also spelled '''Palaeoarchaean''' (formerly known as ''' early Archean'''), is a [[Geologic time scale#Terminology|geologic era]] within the [[Archean|Archaean Eon]]. It spans the period of time {{Ma|Paleoarchean|Mesoarchean}}—the era is defined [[Absolute dating|chronometrically]] and is not referenced to a specific level of a rock section on [[Earth]]. The name derives from Greek "Palaios" ''ancient''. The [[Abiogenesis#Earliest biological evidence for life|oldest ascertained life form]] of [[fossil]]ized bacteria in [[microbial mat]]s, {{Ma|3480|million years}} old, found in the [[Dresser Formation]] in [[Western Australia]], is from this era.<ref name="AP-20131113">{{cite news |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |title=Oldest fossil found: Meet your microbial mom |url=http://apnews.excite.com/article/20131113/DAA1VSC01.html |date=13 November 2013 |work=[[AP News]] |access-date=15 November 2013 }}</ref><ref name="AST-20131108">{{cite journal |last1=Noffke |first1=Nora|last2=Christian |first2=Daniel |last3=Wacey |first3=David |last4=Hazen |first4=Robert M. |title=Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia |date=8 November 2013 |journal=[[Astrobiology (journal)|Astrobiology]] |doi=10.1089/ast.2013.1030 |pmid=24205812 |pmc=3870916 |volume=13 |issue=12 |pages=1103–24|bibcode=2013AsBio..13.1103N}}</ref> |
The '''Paleoarchean''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|eɪ|l|i|oʊ|ɑːr|ˈ|k|iː|ə|n}}), also spelled '''Palaeoarchaean''' (formerly known as ''' early Archean'''), is a [[Geologic time scale#Terminology|geologic era]] within the [[Archean|Archaean Eon]]. It spans the period of time {{Ma|Paleoarchean|Mesoarchean}}—the era is defined [[Absolute dating|chronometrically]] and is not referenced to a specific level of a rock section on [[Earth]]. The name derives from Greek "Palaios" ''ancient''. The [[Abiogenesis#Earliest biological evidence for life|oldest ascertained life form]] of [[fossil]]ized bacteria in [[microbial mat]]s, {{Ma|3480|million years}} old, found in the [[Dresser Formation]] in [[Western Australia]], is from this era.<ref name="AP-20131113">{{cite news |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |title=Oldest fossil found: Meet your microbial mom |url=http://apnews.excite.com/article/20131113/DAA1VSC01.html |date=13 November 2013 |work=[[AP News]] |access-date=15 November 2013 }}</ref><ref name="AST-20131108">{{cite journal |last1=Noffke |first1=Nora|last2=Christian |first2=Daniel |last3=Wacey |first3=David |last4=Hazen |first4=Robert M. |title=Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia |date=8 November 2013 |journal=[[Astrobiology (journal)|Astrobiology]] |doi=10.1089/ast.2013.1030 |pmid=24205812 |pmc=3870916 |volume=13 |issue=12 |pages=1103–24|bibcode=2013AsBio..13.1103N}}</ref> [[Vaalbara]], one of Earth's earliest supercontinents, may have formed during this era.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bradley|first=Kyle|last2=Weiss|first2=Benjamin P.|last3=Buick|first3=Roger|date=2015-06-01|title=Records of geomagnetism, climate, and tectonics across a Paleoarchean erosion surface|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X15001454|journal=Earth and Planetary Science Letters|language=en|volume=419|pages=1–13|doi=10.1016/j.epsl.2015.03.008|issn=0012-821X}}</ref> |
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During this era, a large asteroid, about {{convert|37|to(-)|58|km}} wide, collided with the Earth in the area of South Africa about 3.26 billion years ago, creating the features known as the [[Barberton greenstone belt]].<ref>[http://news.agu.org/press-release/scientists-reconstruct-ancient-impact-that-dwarfs-dinosaur-extinction-blast/ “Scientists reconstruct ancient impact that dwarfs dinosaur-extinction blast”, American Geophysical Union, April 9, 2014]</ref> |
During this era, a large asteroid, about {{convert|37|to(-)|58|km}} wide, collided with the Earth in the area of South Africa about 3.26 billion years ago, creating the features known as the [[Barberton greenstone belt]].<ref>[http://news.agu.org/press-release/scientists-reconstruct-ancient-impact-that-dwarfs-dinosaur-extinction-blast/ “Scientists reconstruct ancient impact that dwarfs dinosaur-extinction blast”, American Geophysical Union, April 9, 2014]</ref> |
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[[File:Simplified geologic map of the Barberton greenstone belt.pdf|thumb|A map of the Barberton Greenstone Belt in southern Africa]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
Revision as of 00:13, 30 October 2021
Paleoarchean | |||||||||||
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Chronology | |||||||||||
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Proposed redefinition(s) | 4031–3490 Ma Gradstein et al., 2012 | ||||||||||
Proposed subdivisions | Acastan Period, 4031–3810 Ma Gradstein et al., 2012 | ||||||||||
Etymology | |||||||||||
Name formality | Formal | ||||||||||
Alternate spelling(s) | Palaeoarchaean | ||||||||||
Synonym(s) | Early Archean | ||||||||||
Usage information | |||||||||||
Celestial body | Earth | ||||||||||
Regional usage | Global (ICS) | ||||||||||
Time scale(s) used | ICS Time Scale | ||||||||||
Definition | |||||||||||
Chronological unit | Era | ||||||||||
Stratigraphic unit | Erathem | ||||||||||
Time span formality | Formal | ||||||||||
Lower boundary definition | Defined Chronometrically | ||||||||||
Lower boundary GSSP | N/A | ||||||||||
Lower GSSP ratified | N/A | ||||||||||
Upper boundary definition | Defined Chronometrically | ||||||||||
Upper boundary GSSP | N/A | ||||||||||
Upper GSSP ratified | N/A |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Stromatolithe_Pal%C3%A9oarch%C3%A9en_-_MNHT.PAL.2009.10.1.jpg/260px-Stromatolithe_Pal%C3%A9oarch%C3%A9en_-_MNHT.PAL.2009.10.1.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Vaalbara_Continent.jpg/220px-Vaalbara_Continent.jpg)
The Paleoarchean (/ˌpeɪlioʊɑːrˈkiːən/), also spelled Palaeoarchaean (formerly known as early Archean), is a geologic era within the Archaean Eon. It spans the period of time 3,600 to 3,200 million years ago—the era is defined chronometrically and is not referenced to a specific level of a rock section on Earth. The name derives from Greek "Palaios" ancient. The oldest ascertained life form of fossilized bacteria in microbial mats, 3,480 million years old, found in the Dresser Formation in Western Australia, is from this era.[2][3] Vaalbara, one of Earth's earliest supercontinents, may have formed during this era.[4]
During this era, a large asteroid, about 37 to 58 kilometres (23–36 mi) wide, collided with the Earth in the area of South Africa about 3.26 billion years ago, creating the features known as the Barberton greenstone belt.[5]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Simplified_geologic_map_of_the_Barberton_greenstone_belt.pdf/page1-220px-Simplified_geologic_map_of_the_Barberton_greenstone_belt.pdf.jpg)
References
- ^ Caredona, Tanai (6 March 2018). "Early Archean origin of heterodimeric Photosystem I". Heliyon. 4 (3): e00548. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00548. PMC 5857716. PMID 29560463. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ^ Borenstein, Seth (13 November 2013). "Oldest fossil found: Meet your microbial mom". AP News. Retrieved 15 November 2013.
- ^ Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (8 November 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology. 13 (12): 1103–24. Bibcode:2013AsBio..13.1103N. doi:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. PMC 3870916. PMID 24205812.
- ^ Bradley, Kyle; Weiss, Benjamin P.; Buick, Roger (2015-06-01). "Records of geomagnetism, climate, and tectonics across a Paleoarchean erosion surface". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 419: 1–13. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.03.008. ISSN 0012-821X.
- ^ “Scientists reconstruct ancient impact that dwarfs dinosaur-extinction blast”, American Geophysical Union, April 9, 2014
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
Paleoarchean.