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| institution = [[Harvard University]]
| institution = [[Harvard University]]
| field = [[Political economics]]
| field = [[Political economics]]
| alma_mater = Harvard University<br>[[Bocconi University]]
| alma_mater = Harvard University<br />[[Bocconi University]]
| doctoral_advisor = [[Jeffrey Sachs]]
| doctoral_advisor = [[Jeffrey Sachs]]
| academic_advisors=
| academic_advisors=
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==Background and professional life==
==Background and professional life==
Alesina was born in [[Broni]], [[Lombardy]], Italy.{{cn|date=December 2019}} He obtained his undergraduate degree in economics from [[Bocconi University]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Helgadóttir|first=Oddný|date=15 March 2016|title=The Bocconi boys go to Brussels: Italian economic ideas, professional networks and European austerity|journal=Journal of European Public Policy|language=en|volume=23|issue=3|pages=392–409|doi=10.1080/13501763.2015.1106573|s2cid=155917559|issn=1350-1763}}</ref>
Alesina was born in [[Broni]], [[Lombardy]], Italy.{{citation needed|date=December 2019}} He obtained his undergraduate degree in economics from [[Bocconi University]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Helgadóttir|first=Oddný|date=15 March 2016|title=The Bocconi boys go to Brussels: Italian economic ideas, professional networks and European austerity|journal=Journal of European Public Policy|language=en|volume=23|issue=3|pages=392–409|doi=10.1080/13501763.2015.1106573|s2cid=155917559|issn=1350-1763}}</ref>


From 2003–2006, Alesina served as Chairman of the Department of Economics at Harvard. He was the Nathaniel Ropes Professor of Political Economy at Harvard. He visited several institutions including [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] (MIT), [[Tel Aviv University]], [[University of Stockholm]], [[The World Bank]], and the [[International Monetary Fund]] (IMF). In 2006, Alesina participated in the [[Stock Exchange of Visions]] project.
From 2003–2006, Alesina served as Chairman of the Department of Economics at Harvard. He was the Nathaniel Ropes Professor of Political Economy at Harvard. He visited several institutions including [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] (MIT), [[Tel Aviv University]], [[University of Stockholm]], [[The World Bank]], and the [[International Monetary Fund]] (IMF). In 2006, Alesina participated in the [[Stock Exchange of Visions]] project.
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* The process of [[European integration]]
* The process of [[European integration]]
* Stabilization policies in high [[inflation]] countries
* Stabilization policies in high [[inflation]] countries
*[[Currency union|Currency unions]]
*[[Currency union]]s
* The political economic determinants of re-distributive policies
* The political economic determinants of re-distributive policies
* Differences in the [[welfare state]] in the US and Europe
* Differences in the [[welfare state]] in the US and Europe
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In October 2009 Alesina and [[Silvia Ardagna]] published "Large Changes in Fiscal Policy: Taxes Versus Spending",<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Large Changes in Fiscal Policy: Taxes Versus Spending|doi=10.3386/w15438 |journal=NBER Working Paper No. 15438 |date = October 2009 |first1 = Alberto F.|last1 = Alesina|first2 = Silvia|last2 = Ardagna|citeseerx = 10.1.1.362.7482}}</ref> a much-cited academic paper aimed at showing that fiscal austerity measures did not hurt economies, and actually helped their recovery. On 6 June 2013 U.S. economist and [[List of Nobel Memorial Prize laureates in Economics#Laureates|2008 Nobel laureate]] [[Paul Krugman]] published "How the Case for Austerity Has Crumbled"<ref>[http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2013/jun/06/how-case-austerity-has-crumbled/?pagination=false How the Case for Austerity Has Crumbled, Paul Krugman, The New York Review of Books, June 6, 2013]</ref> in ''The New York Review of Books'', noting how influential these articles have been with policymakers, describing the paper by the 'Bocconi Boys' Alesina and Ardagna (from the name of their Italian alma mater) as "a full frontal assault on the [[Keynesian economics|Keynesian]] proposition that cutting spending in a weak economy produces further weakness", arguing the reverse.
In October 2009 Alesina and [[Silvia Ardagna]] published "Large Changes in Fiscal Policy: Taxes Versus Spending",<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Large Changes in Fiscal Policy: Taxes Versus Spending|doi=10.3386/w15438 |journal=NBER Working Paper No. 15438 |date = October 2009 |first1 = Alberto F.|last1 = Alesina|first2 = Silvia|last2 = Ardagna|citeseerx = 10.1.1.362.7482}}</ref> a much-cited academic paper aimed at showing that fiscal austerity measures did not hurt economies, and actually helped their recovery. On 6 June 2013 U.S. economist and [[List of Nobel Memorial Prize laureates in Economics#Laureates|2008 Nobel laureate]] [[Paul Krugman]] published "How the Case for Austerity Has Crumbled"<ref>[http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2013/jun/06/how-case-austerity-has-crumbled/?pagination=false How the Case for Austerity Has Crumbled, Paul Krugman, The New York Review of Books, June 6, 2013]</ref> in ''The New York Review of Books'', noting how influential these articles have been with policymakers, describing the paper by the 'Bocconi Boys' Alesina and Ardagna (from the name of their Italian alma mater) as "a full frontal assault on the [[Keynesian economics|Keynesian]] proposition that cutting spending in a weak economy produces further weakness", arguing the reverse.


More recently, studies by the [[IMF]] and others have cast doubt on the methodological underpinning of Alesina's work and conclude that the evidence is more likely to suggest a contractionary effect of fiscal consolidation.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Devries |first1=Pete |last2=Guajardo |first2=Jaime |last3=Leigh |first3=Daniel |last4=Pescatori |first4=Andrea |title=A New Action-Based Dataset of Fiscal Consolidation |journal=IMF Working Paper |date=2011 |volume=128 |issue=11 |ssrn=1861798 |url=https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1861798}}</ref><ref>https://www.imf.org/~/media/Websites/IMF/imported-flagship-issues/external/pubs/ft/weo/2010/02/pdf/_c3pdf.ashx</ref>
More recently, studies by the [[IMF]] and others have cast doubt on the methodological underpinning of Alesina's work and conclude that the evidence is more likely to suggest a contractionary effect of fiscal consolidation.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Devries |first1=Pete |last2=Guajardo |first2=Jaime |last3=Leigh |first3=Daniel |last4=Pescatori |first4=Andrea |title=A New Action-Based Dataset of Fiscal Consolidation |journal=IMF Working Paper |date=2011 |volume=128 |issue=11 |ssrn=1861798 |url=https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1861798}}</ref><ref>https://www.imf.org/~/media/Websites/IMF/imported-flagship-issues/external/pubs/ft/weo/2010/02/pdf/_c3pdf.ashx {{Bare URL inline|date=December 2021}}</ref>

==Selected publications==
==Selected publications==


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* 2003. ''The Size of Nations'' (with Enrico Spolaore). MIT Press. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110629141229/http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=10534 Description] and chapter-preview [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=NAClEiUYzMwC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=&ots=20hUPdGmEI&sig=104yLs17XH_14UjG8n_PQz8GMIs#v=onepage&q&f=false links.]
* 2003. ''The Size of Nations'' (with Enrico Spolaore). MIT Press. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110629141229/http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=10534 Description] and chapter-preview [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=NAClEiUYzMwC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=&ots=20hUPdGmEI&sig=104yLs17XH_14UjG8n_PQz8GMIs#v=onepage&q&f=false links.]
* 2004. ''Fighting Poverty in the US and Europe: A World of Difference'' (with [[Edward Glaeser]]). Oxford. [http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Economics/Social/?view=usa&ci=9780199286102 Description], and "slide-show" [http://info.worldbank.org/etools/docs/library/139345/Fighting%20Poverty%20in%20the%20U.S.%20and%20Europe%20A%20World%20of%20Difference%20EdGlaeser.pdf summary], and chapter-preview links via "select" [https://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=109859099 click].
* 2004. ''Fighting Poverty in the US and Europe: A World of Difference'' (with [[Edward Glaeser]]). Oxford. [http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Economics/Social/?view=usa&ci=9780199286102 Description], and "slide-show" [http://info.worldbank.org/etools/docs/library/139345/Fighting%20Poverty%20in%20the%20U.S.%20and%20Europe%20A%20World%20of%20Difference%20EdGlaeser.pdf summary], and chapter-preview links via "select" [https://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=109859099 click].
* 2006. ''The Future of Europe: Reform or Decline'' (with [[Francesco Giavazzi]]), MIT Press. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111228170313/http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=11574 Description], [http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chapters/0262512041intro1.pdf Introduction]{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=88PukrpL0uIC&printsec=find&pg=PR7=#v=onepage&q&f=false preview].
* 2006. ''The Future of Europe: Reform or Decline'' (with [[Francesco Giavazzi]]), MIT Press. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111228170313/http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=11574 Description], [http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chapters/0262512041intro1.pdf Introduction] {{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=88PukrpL0uIC&printsec=find&pg=PR7=#v=onepage&q&f=false preview].


===Articles===
===Articles===
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* 1996b. "Income Distribution, Political Instability, and Investment," (with Roberto Perotti), ''European Economic Review'', 40(6), pp.&nbsp;1203–1228. [https://archive.today/20130202060806/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V64-3VW8NB4-1&_user=10&_coverDate=06/30/1996&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_origin=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_rerunOrigin=scholar.google&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=3ea504aba85d82fa1e52db838e605c60&searchtype=a Abstract.]
* 1996b. "Income Distribution, Political Instability, and Investment," (with Roberto Perotti), ''European Economic Review'', 40(6), pp.&nbsp;1203–1228. [https://archive.today/20130202060806/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V64-3VW8NB4-1&_user=10&_coverDate=06/30/1996&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_origin=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_rerunOrigin=scholar.google&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=3ea504aba85d82fa1e52db838e605c60&searchtype=a Abstract.]
* 1997. "On the Number and Size of Nations" (with Enrico Spolaore), ''Quarterly Journal of Economics'', 112(4), p [https://www.jstor.org/pss/2951265 pp. 1027]–1056.
* 1997. "On the Number and Size of Nations" (with Enrico Spolaore), ''Quarterly Journal of Economics'', 112(4), p [https://www.jstor.org/pss/2951265 pp. 1027]–1056.
* 1999. "Public Goods and Ethnic Divisions" (with Reza Baqir & [[William Easterly]]), ''Quarterly Journal of Economics'', 114(4), pp. [http://netdrive.montclair.edu/~lebelp/AlesinaPubGdsDivQJE1999.pdf 1243–1284.]{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* 1999. "Public Goods and Ethnic Divisions" (with Reza Baqir & [[William Easterly]]), ''Quarterly Journal of Economics'', 114(4), pp. [http://netdrive.montclair.edu/~lebelp/AlesinaPubGdsDivQJE1999.pdf 1243–1284.] {{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* 2000a. "Who Gives Foreign Aid to Whom and Why?" (with David Dollar), ''Journal of Economic Growth'', 5(1), p [https://www.jstor.org/pss/40216022 pp. 33]–63.
* 2000a. "Who Gives Foreign Aid to Whom and Why?" (with David Dollar), ''Journal of Economic Growth'', 5(1), p [https://www.jstor.org/pss/40216022 pp. 33]–63.
* 2000b. "Participation in Heterogeneous Communities" (with Eliana La Ferrara), ''Quarterly Journal of Economics'', 115(3), p [https://www.jstor.org/pss/2586898 pp. 847]–904.
* 2000b. "Participation in Heterogeneous Communities" (with Eliana La Ferrara), ''Quarterly Journal of Economics'', 115(3), p [https://www.jstor.org/pss/2586898 pp. 847]–904.

Revision as of 08:24, 15 December 2021

Alberto Alesina
Alesina in 2013
Born(1957-04-29)29 April 1957
Broni, Lombardy, Italy
Died23 May 2020(2020-05-23) (aged 63)
NationalityItalian
Academic career
InstitutionHarvard University
FieldPolitical economics
Alma materHarvard University
Bocconi University
Doctoral
advisor		Jeffrey Sachs
Doctoral
students		Silvana Tenreyro
Information at IDEAS / RePEc

Alberto Francesco Alesina (29 April 1957 – 23 May 2020) was an Italian political economist. Described as one of the leading political economists of his generation,[1] he published many influential works in both the economics and political science research literature.

Background and professional life

Alesina was born in Broni, Lombardy, Italy.[citation needed] He obtained his undergraduate degree in economics from Bocconi University.[2]

From 2003–2006, Alesina served as Chairman of the Department of Economics at Harvard. He was the Nathaniel Ropes Professor of Political Economy at Harvard. He visited several institutions including Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Tel Aviv University, University of Stockholm, The World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). In 2006, Alesina participated in the Stock Exchange of Visions project.

He published five books and edited many more. His two most recent books were The Future of Europe: Reform or Decline (2006, MIT Press), and Fighting Poverty in the US and Europe: A World of Difference (2004, Oxford). He was a co-editor of the Quarterly Journal of Economics for eight years and associate editor of many academic journals. He published columns in many leading newspapers around the world. He was a founding contributor of the online economic policy and research journal Voxeu.org and of Lavoce.info.

Alesina's work covered a variety of topics, including:

Alesina was a member of the National Bureau of Economic Research (Cambridge, Massachusetts), the Centre for Economic Policy Research in London, and the Econometric Society.[3] He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2006.[4]

Death

Alesina died from a suspected heart attack on 23 May 2020, while hiking with his wife, Susan.[5][6] In 2021, Harvard University renamed its political economy workshop in Alesina's honor.[7]

Austerity

Alesina was an influential proponent of austerity during the Great Recession.[2][8] He argued that austerity can be expansionary in situations where government reduction in spending is offset by greater increases in aggregate demand (private consumption, private investment and exports).[9] A credible fiscal consolidation would reduce private actors' uncertainty and lower the risk premium. Assuming that Ricardian equivalence and the Permanent income hypothesis hold, actors' expected future wealth would increase and induce them to consume more.[10]

In October 2009 Alesina and Silvia Ardagna published "Large Changes in Fiscal Policy: Taxes Versus Spending",[11] a much-cited academic paper aimed at showing that fiscal austerity measures did not hurt economies, and actually helped their recovery. On 6 June 2013 U.S. economist and 2008 Nobel laureate Paul Krugman published "How the Case for Austerity Has Crumbled"[12] in The New York Review of Books, noting how influential these articles have been with policymakers, describing the paper by the 'Bocconi Boys' Alesina and Ardagna (from the name of their Italian alma mater) as "a full frontal assault on the Keynesian proposition that cutting spending in a weak economy produces further weakness", arguing the reverse.

More recently, studies by the IMF and others have cast doubt on the methodological underpinning of Alesina's work and conclude that the evidence is more likely to suggest a contractionary effect of fiscal consolidation.[13][14]

Selected publications

Books

Articles

Press + to enlarge small-font links below.
  • 1987. "Macroeconomic Policy in a Two-Party System as a Repeated Game," Quarterly Journal of Economics, 102(3), p pp. 651–678.
  • 1988b. "Macroeconomics and Politics," NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1988, Volume 3, pp. 13–62.
  • 1991. "Why Are Stabilizations Delayed?" (with Allan Drazen), American Economic Review, 81(5), pp. 1170–1188.
  • 1993. "Central Bank Independence and Macroeconomic Performance: Some Comparative Evidence" (with Lawrence H. Summers), Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 25(2), p pp. 151–162.
  • 1994. "Distributive Politics and Economic Growth" (with Dani Rodrik), Quarterly Journal of Economics, 109(2), p pp. 465–490.
  • 1995. "The Political Economy of Budget Deficits" (with Roberto Perotti), IMF Staff Papers, 42(1), pp. pp. 1–31.
  • 1996a. "Political Instability and Economic Growth" (with Sule Özler et al.), Journal of Economic Growth, 1(2), p pp. 189–211
  • 1996b. "Income Distribution, Political Instability, and Investment," (with Roberto Perotti), European Economic Review, 40(6), pp. 1203–1228. Abstract.
  • 1997. "On the Number and Size of Nations" (with Enrico Spolaore), Quarterly Journal of Economics, 112(4), p pp. 1027–1056.
  • 1999. "Public Goods and Ethnic Divisions" (with Reza Baqir & William Easterly), Quarterly Journal of Economics, 114(4), pp. 1243–1284. [permanent dead link]
  • 2000a. "Who Gives Foreign Aid to Whom and Why?" (with David Dollar), Journal of Economic Growth, 5(1), p pp. 33–63.
  • 2000b. "Participation in Heterogeneous Communities" (with Eliana La Ferrara), Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115(3), p pp. 847–904.
  • 2002a. "Who Trusts Others?" Journal of Public Economics, 85(2), pp. 207–234 (close Pages tab).
  • 2002b. "Fiscal Policy, Profits, and Investment" (with Silvia Ardagna et al.), American Economic Review, 92(3), pp. 571–589.
  • 2003. "Fractionalization" (with Arnaud Devleeschauwer et al.), Journal of Economic Growth, 8(2), p pp. 155–194.
  • 2004. "Inequality and Happiness: Are Europeans and Americans Different?" (with Rafael Di Tellab and Robert MacCulloch), Journal of Public Economics, 88(9–10), pp. 2009–2042 (close Bookmarks tab).
  • 2005a. "International Unions" (with Ignazio Angeloni and Federico Etro), American Economic Review, 95(3), p pp. 602–615.
  • 2005b. "Ethnic Diversity and Economic Performance" (with Eliana La Ferrara), Journal of Economic Literature, 43(3), pp. 762–800.
  • 2007:3. "Political Economy," NBER Reporter, pp. 1–5 (press +).
  • 2010. "Large Changes in Fiscal Policy: Taxes versus Spending" (with Silvia Ardagna), in J. R. Brown, ed., Tax Policy and the Economy, v. 24, ch. 2, pp. 35–68. doi:10.1086/649828
  • 2013. "On the Origins of Gender Roles: Women and the Plough" (with Paola Giuliano and Nathan Nunn), Quarterly Journal of Economics. 2013; 128 (2) : 469-530.
  • 2015. "The Output Effect of Fiscal Consolidations" (with Carlo Favero and Francesco Giavazzi), Journal of International Economics, vol 96, pages S19-S42. doi:10.1016/j.jinteco.2014.11.003
  • 2016. "Ethnic Inequality" (with Stelios Michalopoulos and Elias Papaioannou), Journal of Political Economy, vol. 124(2), pages 428-488 doi:10.1086/685300
  • 2016. "Birthplace Diversity and Economic Prosperity" (with Johann Harnoss and Hillel Rapoport), Journal of Economic Growth, vol. 21(2), pages 101-138 doi:10.1007/s10887-016-9127-6

References

  1. ^ Summers, Lawrence (24 May 2020). "It is hard to imagine the field of political economy without Alberto Alesina". Washington Post.
  2. ^ a b Helgadóttir, Oddný (15 March 2016). "The Bocconi boys go to Brussels: Italian economic ideas, professional networks and European austerity". Journal of European Public Policy. 23 (3): 392–409. doi:10.1080/13501763.2015.1106573. ISSN 1350-1763. S2CID 155917559.
  3. ^ *Harvard Faculty page.
  4. ^ "Book of Members, 1780-2010: Chapter A" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 May 2011. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
  5. ^ È morto Alberto Alesina, economista italiano che ha conquistato Harward (in Italian)
  6. ^ Mineo, Liz (27 May 2020). "Recalling a pioneer of modern political economy". The Harvard Gazette. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  7. ^ "Seminar Series: Alberto Alesina Seminar on Political Economy". www.iq.harvard.edu. Retrieved 9 November 2021.
  8. ^ Farrell, Henry; Quiggin, John (2017). "Consensus, Dissensus, and Economic Ideas: Economic Crisis and the Rise and Fall of Keynesianism". International Studies Quarterly. 61 (2): 269–283. doi:10.1093/isq/sqx010. ISSN 0020-8833.
  9. ^ Alesina, Alberto; Favero, Carlo; Giavazzi, Francesco (2019). Austerity: When It Works and When It Doesn't. Princeton University Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-691-17221-7. JSTOR j.ctvc77f4b.
  10. ^ Carlin, Wendy; Soskice, David (2014). Macroeconomics:Institutions, instability, and the financial system. USA: Oxford University Press. pp. 528–530.
  11. ^ Alesina, Alberto F.; Ardagna, Silvia (October 2009). "Large Changes in Fiscal Policy: Taxes Versus Spending". NBER Working Paper No. 15438. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.362.7482. doi:10.3386/w15438.
  12. ^ How the Case for Austerity Has Crumbled, Paul Krugman, The New York Review of Books, June 6, 2013
  13. ^ Devries, Pete; Guajardo, Jaime; Leigh, Daniel; Pescatori, Andrea (2011). "A New Action-Based Dataset of Fiscal Consolidation". IMF Working Paper. 128 (11). SSRN 1861798.
  14. ^ https://www.imf.org/~/media/Websites/IMF/imported-flagship-issues/external/pubs/ft/weo/2010/02/pdf/_c3pdf.ashx [bare URL]
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