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| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{BEN}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{BEN}}'''
| align=right |'''8.5'''||[[Kandi]] <ref name="KNMI">[http://climexp.knmi.nl/selectdailyseries.cgi?someone@somewhere Climate Explorer], The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI). Retrieved 20 August 2016.</ref>|| align=right |290||[[12 January]] [[1957]]
| align=right |'''8.5'''||[[Kandi]] <ref name="KNMI">[http://climexp.knmi.nl/selectdailyseries.cgi?someone@somewhere Climate Explorer], The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI). Retrieved 3 January 2022.</ref>|| align=right |290||[[12 January]] [[1957]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''43.9'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Kandi]] <ref name="KNMI"/><ref>46.0°C reported at [[Kandi]] in [[April]] [[1940]], and 44.9°C reported at [[Natitingou]] in [[March]] [[1934]] are unreliable. 44.5°C reported at Kandi in [[April]] [[1952]] is possibly reliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[19 April]] [[1983]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''43.9'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Kandi]] <ref name="KNMI"/><ref>46.0°C reported at [[Kandi]] in [[April]] [[1940]], and 44.9°C reported at [[Natitingou]] in [[March]] [[1934]] are unreliable. 44.5°C reported at Kandi in [[April]] [[1952]] is possibly reliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[19 April]] [[1983]]
|-
|-
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| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{BOT}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{BOT}}'''
| align=right |'''-10.6'''|| [[Tshabong|Tsabong]] <ref>[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd122_pdf/LSN0617.PDF Report for the Year 1953, Weather Bureau, Department of Transport, Republic of South Africa], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 8 March 2008.</ref><ref>-15.2°C reported at the same place (in August between 1959 and 1980) is probably a ground temperature, not an air temperature.</ref>|| align=right |1000||[[30 July]] [[1953]]
| align=right |'''-10.6'''|| [[Tshabong|Tsabong]] <ref>[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd122_pdf/LSN0617.PDF Report for the Year 1953, Weather Bureau, Department of Transport, Republic of South Africa], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 8 March 2008.</ref><ref>-15.2°C reported at the same place (in August between 1959 and 1980) is probably a ground temperature, not an air temperature.</ref>|| align=right |1000||[[30 July]] [[1953]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''44.3'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Ramotswa]] <ref name="SASSCAL">[http://www.sasscalweathernet.org Weather stations in Angola, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zambia], SASSCAL WeatherNet. Retrieved 26 September 2017.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[7 January]] [[2016]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''44.3'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Ramotswa]] <ref name="SASSCAL">[http://www.sasscalweathernet.org Weather stations in Angola, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zambia], SASSCAL WeatherNet. Retrieved 8 August 2021.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[7 January]] [[2016]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}-8.0</span> ||[[Werda,_Botswana|Werda]] <ref name="SASSCAL"/> ||align=right|1030||[[26 July]] [[2016]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}-9.7</span> ||[[Werda,_Botswana|Werda]] <ref name="SASSCAL"/> ||align=right|1030||[[22 July]] [[2021]]


|-
|-


| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|{{flagicon|Norway}} '''[[Bouvet_Island|Bouvet Island (Bouvetøya)]]''' ''[[Norway|(Nor.)]]''
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|{{flagicon|Norway}} '''[[Bouvet_Island|Bouvet Island (Bouvetøya)]]''' ''[[Norway|(Nor.)]]''
| align=right |'''-18.7'''||[[Bouvet_Island|Bouvet Island (Nyrøysa)]] <ref name="OGIMET">[http://www.ogimet.com/gsynres.phtml.en Form to get daily summaries from synop reports], OGIMet. Retrieved 29 March 2019.</ref><ref name="Bouvet">The island is uninhabited.</ref>||||[[8 September]] [[2005]]<br> [[9 September]] [[2005]]
| align=right |'''-18.7'''||[[Bouvet_Island|Bouvet Island (Nyrøysa)]] <ref name="OGIMET">[http://www.ogimet.com/gsynres.phtml.en Form to get daily summaries from synop reports], OGIMet. Retrieved 12 August 2021.</ref><ref name="Bouvet">The island is uninhabited.</ref>||||[[8 September]] [[2005]]<br> [[9 September]] [[2005]]
| align=right |'''10.6'''||[[Bouvet_Island|Bouvet Island (Nyrøysa)]] <ref name="OGIMET"/><ref>14°C reported in [[March]] [[1980]] was taken at ground level.</ref>||[[12 December]] [[2004]]<br> [[13 December]] [[2004]]<br> [[13 March]] [[2005]]
| align=right |'''10.6'''||[[Bouvet_Island|Bouvet Island (Nyrøysa)]] <ref name="OGIMET"/><ref>14°C reported in [[March]] [[1980]] was taken at ground level.</ref>||[[12 December]] [[2004]]<br> [[13 December]] [[2004]]<br> [[13 March]] [[2005]]


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| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{BFA}}'''
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{BFA}}'''
| align=right |'''5.0'''||[[Markoye]] <ref name="BFA">[http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/napa/bfa01f.pdf Programme d’Action National d’Adaptation à la Variabilité et aux Changements Climatiques (PANA du Burkina Faso)], Ministère de l’Environnement et du Cadre de Vie, Burkina Faso (in French; ''National Action Program for Adaptation to Variability and to Climate Change''). Retrieved 6 June 2010.</ref><ref>2.9°C reported at [[Banankélédara|Banankélédara (Banankélédaga)]] (near [[Bobo-Dioulasso]]) on [[29 January]] [[1961]], and 5.0°C reported at the same place in [[1971]] are probably unreliable.</ref>|| align=right |305||[[January]] [[1975]]
| align=right |'''5.0'''||[[Markoye]] <ref name="BFA">[http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/napa/bfa01f.pdf Programme d’Action National d’Adaptation à la Variabilité et aux Changements Climatiques (PANA du Burkina Faso)], Ministère de l’Environnement et du Cadre de Vie, Burkina Faso (in French; ''National Action Program for Adaptation to Variability and to Climate Change''). Retrieved 3 January 2022.</ref><ref>2.9°C reported at [[Banankélédara|Banankélédara (Banankélédaga)]] (near [[Bobo-Dioulasso]]) on [[29 January]] [[1961]], and 5.0°C reported at the same place in [[1971]] are probably unreliable.</ref>|| align=right |305||[[January]] [[1975]]
| align=right |'''47.5'''||[[Dori]] <ref name="KNMI"/><ref>Higher temperatures recorded before the 1940’s, including 48.4°C at [[Dori]], 48.0°C at [[Ouahigouya]] and 47.9°C reported at both [[Fada N’gourma]] and [[Ouagadougou]] are unreliable.</ref>||[[13 May]] [[2016]]
| align=right |'''47.5'''||[[Dori]] <ref name="KNMI"/><ref>Higher temperatures recorded before the 1940’s, including 48.4°C at [[Dori]], 48.0°C at [[Ouahigouya]] and 47.9°C reported at both [[Fada N’gourma]] and [[Ouagadougou]] are unreliable.</ref>||[[13 May]] [[2016]]


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| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{CMR}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{CMR}}'''
| align=right |'''3.7'''||[[Ngaoundéré]] ''[[Adamawa Region|Adamawa region]]'' <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?lr=&um=1&q=Ngaound%C3%A9r%C3%A9,+mizon+intitle%3Aafricaine+intitle%3Acolonisation&btnG=Search+Books La France équatoriale africaine: Le pays. Les habitants. La colonisation. Les pouvoirs publics], Google Books Search Engine. Retrieved 4 June 2009.</ref><ref name="CMR">Ngaoundéré may have recorded 3.2°C in February between [[1961]] and [[1990]]. -2.7°C has been recorded at high altitude on the summit of [[Fako Peak]], [[Mount Cameroon]] at an elevation exceeding 4000 m.</ref>|| align=right |1115||[[19 January]] [[1892]]
| align=right |'''3.7'''||[[Ngaoundéré]] ''[[Adamawa Region|Adamawa region]]'' <ref>[https://www.google.com.au/books/edition/Bulletin_de_la_Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_de_g%C3%A9ographie/yNZJAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Ngaound%C3%A9r%C3%A9+temp%C3%A9rature&pg=PA373&printsec=frontcover La France équatoriale africaine: Le pays. Les habitants. La colonisation. Les pouvoirs publics], Google Books Search Engine. Retrieved 3 January 2022.</ref><ref name="CMR">Ngaoundéré may have recorded 3.2°C in February between [[1961]] and [[1990]]. -2.7°C has been recorded at high altitude on the summit of [[Fako Peak]], [[Mount Cameroon]] at an elevation exceeding 4000 m.</ref>|| align=right |1115||[[19 January]] [[1892]]
| align=right |'''45.9'''||[[Maroua]] ''[[Far_North_Region_(Cameroon)|Far North region]]'' <ref name="FR_1951"/><ref>47.7°C reported at [[Kousséri]] ''[[Far_North_Region_(Cameroon)|Far North region]]'' on [[18 April]] [[1908]] and 46.2°C reported at the same place in the previous month are sourced from a very limited record of less than a year and are of uncertain reliability.</ref>||[[May]] [[1937]]
| align=right |'''45.9'''||[[Maroua]] ''[[Far_North_Region_(Cameroon)|Far North region]]'' <ref name="FR_1951"/><ref>47.7°C reported at [[Kousséri]] ''[[Far_North_Region_(Cameroon)|Far North region]]'' on [[18 April]] [[1908]] and 46.2°C reported at the same place in the previous month are sourced from a very limited record of less than a year and are of uncertain reliability.</ref>||[[May]] [[1937]]
|-
|-
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| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{flag|Canary Islands}}''' ''[[Spain|(Sp.)]]''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{flag|Canary Islands}}''' ''[[Spain|(Sp.)]]''
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''-4.0'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Tejeda|Cruz de Tejeda]] ''[[Gran Canaria]]'' <ref name="CAN">[http://www.aemet.es/documentos/es/conocermas/publicaciones/2Atlas_climatologico/Atlas_Clima_Macaronesia___Baja.pdf Climate Atlas of the Archipelagos of the Canary Islands, Madeira and the Azores], AEMet. Retrieved 21 June 2014.</ref><ref>-21.0°C was recorded at an altitude of about 2100 m at [[Cañada de la Grieta]] on [[Teide|Pico del Teide]] ''[[Tenerife]]'' in [[1912]]. More recently, -16.0°C was recorded at [[Las Cañadas]] on the same mountain on [[17 February]] [[1991]].</ref>|| rowspan="2" align=right |855|| rowspan="2" |[[21 January]] [[1997]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''-4.0'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Tejeda|Cruz de Tejeda]] ''[[Gran Canaria]]'' <ref name="CAN">[http://www.aemet.es/documentos/es/conocermas/publicaciones/2Atlas_climatologico/Atlas_Clima_Macaronesia___Baja.pdf Climate Atlas of the Archipelagos of the Canary Islands, Madeira and the Azores], AEMet. Retrieved 3 January 2022.</ref><ref>-21.0°C was recorded at an altitude of about 2100 m at [[Cañada de la Grieta]] on [[Teide|Pico del Teide]] ''[[Tenerife]]'' in [[1912]]. More recently, -16.0°C was recorded at [[Las Cañadas]] on the same mountain on [[17 February]] [[1991]].</ref>|| rowspan="2" align=right |855|| rowspan="2" |[[21 January]] [[1997]]
| align=right |'''48'''||[[Arrecife]] ''[[Lanzarote]]'' <ref>[http://desarrollorurallanzarote.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/evolucion-temp-lz-centro-de-datos.pdf Evolución de la Temperatura en Lanzarote (1950-2008)], Centro de Datos, Lanzarote (in Spanish; ''Evolution of the Temperature in Lanzarote (1950-2008)''). Retrieved 1 September 2012.</ref><ref>This reading is possibly unreliable.</ref><ref name="CAN2">The official maximum temperature of 47.5°C reported at [[Masca_Gorge|Barranco de Masca]] ''[[Tenerife]]'' on [[17 July]] [[1978]] was taken at a station with a short period of record and is possibly unreliable.</ref>||[[20 July]] [[1953]]
| align=right |'''48'''||[[Arrecife]] ''[[Lanzarote]]'' <ref>[http://desarrollorurallanzarote.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/evolucion-temp-lz-centro-de-datos.pdf Evolución de la Temperatura en Lanzarote (1950-2008)], Centro de Datos, Lanzarote (in Spanish; ''Evolution of the Temperature in Lanzarote (1950-2008)''). Retrieved 3 January 2022.</ref><ref>This reading is possibly unreliable.</ref><ref name="CAN2">The official maximum temperature of 47.5°C reported at [[Masca_Gorge|Barranco de Masca]] ''[[Tenerife]]'' on [[17 July]] [[1978]] was taken at a station with a short period of record and is possibly unreliable.</ref>||[[20 July]] [[1953]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}47.0</span>||[[Sabinar-Lomo Negro]] ''[[El Hierro]]'' <ref name="CAN"/><ref name="CAN2"/>||[[24 August]] [[1986]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}47.0</span>||[[Sabinar-Lomo Negro]] ''[[El Hierro]]'' <ref name="CAN"/><ref name="CAN2"/>||[[24 August]] [[1986]]
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| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{flag|Ceuta}}''' ''[[Spain|(Sp.)]]''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{flag|Ceuta}}''' ''[[Spain|(Sp.)]]''
| align=right |'''-0.4'''||[[Monte Hacho]] <ref name="Ceuta">[http://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos Valores Extremos], Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMet) (in Spanish; ''Extreme Values''). Retrieved 5 March 2012.</ref>|| align=right |205||[[5 January]] [[1941]]
| align=right |'''-0.4'''||[[Monte Hacho]] <ref name="Ceuta">[http://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos Valores Extremos], Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMet) (in Spanish; ''Extreme Values''). Retrieved 3 January 2022.</ref>|| align=right |205||[[5 January]] [[1941]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''40.2'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Ceuta]] <ref name="Ceuta"/>|| rowspan="2" |[[30 July]] [[2009]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''40.2'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Ceuta]] <ref name="Ceuta"/>|| rowspan="2" |[[30 July]] [[2009]]
|-
|-
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| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{COM}}'''
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{COM}}'''
| align=right |'''13.6'''||[[Moroni]] ''[[Ngazidja|Ngazidja (Grande Comore)]]'' <ref>[http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2000/11/04/000094946_00102005304296/Rendered/INDEX/multi_page.txt Infrastructure, Eau, Environnement. Etude d'impact sur l'Environnement], The World Bank (in French; ''Infrastructure, Water, Environment. Environmental Impact Assessment''). Retrieved 16 May 2015.</ref>|| ||before [[2000]]
| align=right |'''13.6'''||[[Moroni]] ''[[Ngazidja|Ngazidja (Grande Comore)]]'' <ref>[http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2000/11/04/000094946_00102005304296/Rendered/INDEX/multi_page.txt Infrastructure, Eau, Environnement. Etude d'impact sur l'Environnement], The World Bank (in French; ''Infrastructure, Water, Environment. Environmental Impact Assessment''). Retrieved 9 January 2022.</ref>|| ||before [[2000]]
| align=right |'''36.0'''||[[Hahaya-Aéroport|Hahaya Airport]] ''[[Ngazidja|Ngazidja (Grande Comore)]]'' <ref name="MANZ"/>||[[15 November]] [[2017]]<br> [[23 November]] [[2019]]
| align=right |'''36.0'''||[[Hahaya-Aéroport|Hahaya Airport]] ''[[Ngazidja|Ngazidja (Grande Comore)]]'' <ref name="MANZ"/>||[[15 November]] [[2017]]<br> [[23 November]] [[2019]]


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| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{COD}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{COD}}'''
| align=right |'''-2.8'''||[[Kisanga]] ''[[Haut-Katanga_Province|Haut-Katanga province]]'' <ref>[http://www.kaowarsom.be/documents/BULLETINS_MEDEDELINGEN/1956-6.pdf Présentation du Bulletin climatologique annuel du Congo belge et du Ruanda-Urundi (1955) — Anomalies pluviométriques et valeurs remarquables de quelques éléments du climat, "in:" Bulletin des Séances, Academie Royale des Sciences Coloniales, 1956, 6, pp1231-1248], Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences, Belgium (in French; ''Presentation of the annual climatological bulletin of the Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Urundi (1955) - Pluviometric anomalies and remarkable values of some elements of the climate''). Retrieved 1 March 2021.</ref><ref>Recorded at the Kisanga-Verger (Keyberg) meteorological station, now closed.</ref>|| align=right|1175||[[August]] [[1955]]
| align=right |'''-2.8'''||[[Kisanga]] ''[[Haut-Katanga_Province|Haut-Katanga province]]'' <ref>[http://www.kaowarsom.be/documents/BULLETINS_MEDEDELINGEN/1956-6.pdf Présentation du Bulletin climatologique annuel du Congo belge et du Ruanda-Urundi (1955) — Anomalies pluviométriques et valeurs remarquables de quelques éléments du climat, "in:" Bulletin des Séances, Academie Royale des Sciences Coloniales, 1956, 6, pp1231-1248], Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences, Belgium (in French; ''Presentation of the annual climatological bulletin of the Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Urundi (1955) - Pluviometric anomalies and remarkable values of some elements of the climate''). Retrieved 1 March 2021.</ref><ref>Recorded at the Kisanga-Verger (Keyberg) meteorological station, now closed.</ref>|| align=right|1175||[[August]] [[1955]]
| align=right |'''40.6'''|| [[Kulu]] ''[[Bas-Uele_District|Bas-Uele province]]'' <ref name="COD">{{cite book|last=Vandenplas |first=A |authorlink=A Vandenplas |date=1947 |title=La Température au Congo Belge |language=French |trans-title=The temperature in the Belgian Congo |location=Brussels, Belgium |publisher=Ministère des Colonies, Direction de l'Agriculture}}</ref><ref>41.0°C reported at [[Yahila]] ''[[Tshopo_District|Tshopo district]]'' in [[March]] between [[1931]] and [[1936]] is unreliable.</ref>||[[22 March]] [[1936]]
| align=right |'''40.6'''|| [[Kulu]] ''[[Bas-Uélé | Bas-Uélé province]]'' <ref name="COD">{{cite book|last=Vandenplas |first=A |authorlink=A Vandenplas |date=1947 |title=La Température au Congo Belge |language=French |trans-title=The temperature in the Belgian Congo |location=Brussels, Belgium |publisher=Ministère des Colonies, Direction de l'Agriculture}}</ref><ref>41.0°C reported at [[Yahila]] ''[[Tshopo|Tshopo province]]'' in [[March]] between [[1931]] and [[1936]] is unreliable.</ref>||[[22 March]] [[1936]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}6.0</span> ||[[Lubumbashi_International_Airport|Lubumbashi (Luano) Airport]] ''[[Haut-Katanga_Province|Haut-Katanga province]]'' <ref name="KNMI"/>||align=right|1310||[[28 June]] [[2006]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}6.0</span> ||[[Lubumbashi_International_Airport|Lubumbashi (Luano) Airport]] ''[[Haut-Katanga_Province|Haut-Katanga province]]'' <ref name="KNMI"/>||align=right|1310||[[28 June]] [[2006]]
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| rowspan="3" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{DJI}}'''
| rowspan="3" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{DJI}}'''
| rowspan="3" align=right |'''11.0|| rowspan="3" |[[Dikhil]] <ref name="GSOD"/>|| rowspan="3" align=right |490|| rowspan="3" |[[18 December]] [[2010]]
| rowspan="3" align=right |'''11.0|| rowspan="3" |[[Dikhil]] <ref name="GSOD"/>|| rowspan="3" align=right |490|| rowspan="3" |[[18 December]] [[2010]]
| align=right |'''47.3'''||[[Djibouti_(city)|Djibouti-Serpent]] <ref name="FR_1951"/><ref>49.5°C reported at Djibouti-Serpent in [[July]] [[1934]] and at [[Tadjourah]] in [[July]] [[1951]] are probably unreliable.</ref>||[[July]] [[1915]]
| align=right |'''47.3'''||[[Djibouti_(city)| Jībūtī (Djibouti-Serpent)]] <ref name="FR_1951"/><ref>49.5°C reported at the same place in [[July]] [[1934]] and at [[Tadjourah|Tajūrah (Tadjourah)]] in [[July]] [[1951]] are probably unreliable.</ref>||[[July]] [[1915]]
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}47.0</span> ||[[Djibouti–Ambouli_International_Airport|Djibouti Airport (Ambouli)]] <ref name="GSOD"/><ref>The first of these dates has also been reported as 46.5°C.</ref>||[[14 July]] [[2009]]<br> [[17 July]] [[2017]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}47.0</span> ||[[Djibouti–Ambouli_International_Airport| Jībūtī (Djibouti) Airport (Ambouli)]] <ref name="GSOD"/><ref>The first of these dates has also been reported as 46.5°C.</ref>||[[14 July]] [[2009]]<br> [[17 July]] [[2017]]
|-
|-
|[[Camp Lemonnier|Camp Lemonnier (Ambouli)]] <ref name="GSOD"/>||[[14 July]] [[2009]]<br> [[26 July]] [[2009]]
|[[Camp Lemonnier|Camp Lemonnier (Ambouli)]] <ref name="GSOD"/>||[[14 July]] [[2009]]<br> [[26 July]] [[2009]]
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| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{EQG}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{EQG}}'''
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''8'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Moka|Valle de Moka]] ''[[Bioko_Sur|Bioko Sur province]]'' <ref>[http://www.angelfire.com/sk2/guineaecuatorial/enciclo.html Isla de Bioko], La Web Cultural de Guinea Ecuatorial (in Spanish; ''Island of Bioko''). Retrieved 15 April 2017.</ref>|| rowspan="2" align=right |1200|| rowspan="2"|
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''8'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Moka|Valle de Moka]] ''[[Bioko_Sur|Bioko Sur province]]'' <ref>[http://www.angelfire.com/sk2/guineaecuatorial/enciclo.html Isla de Bioko], La Web Cultural de Guinea Ecuatorial (in Spanish; ''Island of Bioko''). Retrieved 3 January 2022.</ref>|| rowspan="2" align=right |1200|| rowspan="2"|
| align=right |'''35.6'''||[[Bata,_Equatorial_Guinea|Bata]] ''[[Litoral_Province_(Equatorial_Guinea)|Litoral province]]'' <ref>[https://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_648200_kt.pdf Klimatafel von Bata / Insel Mbini / Äquatorial-Guinea], Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German: ''Climate Table for Bata /Mbini Island / Equatorial Guinea''. Retrieved 27 May 2019.</ref><ref name="EQG">36.5°C reported at [[Malabo]] ''[[Bioko]]'' on [[21 April]] [[2010]] is probably unreliable.</ref>||[[February]]<br> [[1956]]-[[1965]]
| align=right |'''35.6'''||[[Bata,_Equatorial_Guinea|Bata]] ''[[Litoral_Province_(Equatorial_Guinea)|Litoral province]]'' <ref>[https://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_648200_kt.pdf Klimatafel von Bata / Insel Mbini / Äquatorial-Guinea], Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German: ''Climate Table for Bata /Mbini Island / Equatorial Guinea''. Retrieved 27 May 2019.</ref><ref name="EQG">36.5°C reported at [[Malabo]] ''[[Bioko]]'' on [[21 April]] [[2010]] is probably unreliable.</ref>||[[February]]<br> [[1956]]-[[1965]]
|-
|-
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| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{SWZ}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{SWZ}}'''
| align=right |'''-6.1'''||[[Mbabane]] <ref>[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd121_pdf/LSN0599.PDF Report for the Year 1957, Weather Bureau, Department of Transport, Republic of South Africa], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 7 March 2008.</ref><ref>-6.7°C reported at [[Big_Bend,_Swaziland|Big Bend]] is unreliable for the elevation of 155 m.</ref>|| align=right |1145||[[22 July]] [[1957]]
| align=right |'''-6.1'''||[[Mbabane]] <ref>[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd121_pdf/LSN0599.PDF Report for the Year 1957, Weather Bureau, Department of Transport, Republic of South Africa], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 7 March 2008.</ref><ref>-6.7°C reported at [[Big_Bend,_Swaziland|Big Bend]] is unreliable for the elevation of 155 m.</ref>|| align=right |1145||[[22 July]] [[1957]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''47.4'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Lavumisa]] <ref>[http://www.bgs.ac.uk/sadcreports/swaziland1991cidagroundwaterresourcesa.pdf Groundwater Resources of Swaziland (Government of Swaziland, Department of Geological Surveys and Mines)], British Geological Survey. Retrieved 13 February 2016.</ref><ref>49.1°C reported at the same place (date unknown) is probably unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[January]] [[1951]]-[[1986]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''47.4'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Lavumisa]] <ref>[http://resources.bgs.ac.uk/sadcreports/swaziland1991cidagroundwaterresourcesa.pdf Groundwater Resources of Swaziland (Government of Swaziland, Department of Geological Surveys and Mines)], British Geological Survey. Retrieved 3 January 2022. Archived 23 October 2016.</ref><ref>49.1°C reported at the same place (date unknown) is probably unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[January]] [[1951]]-[[1986]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}-4.5</span> ||[[Mbabane]] <ref>[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd125_pdf/LSN0702.PDF Report on Meteorological Data of the Year 1976, Department of Transport, Republic of South Africa], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 4 June 2018.</ref>||align=right|1145||[[21 June]] [[1976]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}-4.5</span> ||[[Mbabane]] <ref>[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd125_pdf/LSN0702.PDF Report on Meteorological Data of the Year 1976, Department of Transport, Republic of South Africa], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 4 June 2018.</ref>||align=right|1145||[[21 June]] [[1976]]
Line 198: Line 198:


| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{ETH}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{ETH}}'''
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''-8'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Debre Birhan]] ''[[Amhara_Region|Amhara region]]'' <ref>[http://www.ethiomet.gov.et/bulletins/bulletin_viewer/annual_climatic_bulletins/348/2013_Annual_Bulletin/en 2013 Annual Bulletin], National Meteorology Agency. Retrieved 16 May 2015. {{Dead link|date=February 2021}}.</ref><ref>Also on earlier dates at the same place. -8.0°C reported at [[Jimma|Jīma (Jimma)]] ''[[Oromia_Region|Oromia region]]'' is probably unreliable. -15°C has been reported at high altitude on the [[Sanetti_Plateau|Sanetti Plateau]] in the Oromia region.</ref>|| rowspan="2" align=right |2300|| rowspan="2" | [[10 December]] [[2013]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''-8'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Debre Birhan]] ''[[Amhara_Region|Amhara region]]'' <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304034133/http://www.ethiomet.gov.et/bulletins/bulletin_viewer/annual_climatic_bulletins/348/2013_Annual_Bulletin/en 2013 Annual Bulletin], National Meteorology Agency. Retrieved 3 January 2022. Archived 4 March 2016.</ref><ref>Also on earlier dates at the same place. -8.0°C reported at [[Jimma|Jīma (Jimma)]] ''[[Oromia_Region|Oromia region]]'' is probably unreliable. -15°C has been reported at high altitude on the [[Sanetti_Plateau|Sanetti Plateau]] in the Oromia region.</ref>|| rowspan="2" align=right |2300|| rowspan="2" | [[10 December]] [[2013]]
| align=right |'''48.9'''||[[Dallol]] ''[[Afar_Region|Afar region]]'' <ref>{{cite journal
| align=right |'''48.9'''||[[Dallol]] ''[[Afar_Region|Afar region]]'' <ref>{{cite journal
| last = Pedgley
| last = Pedgley
Line 218: Line 218:
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{ATF}}''' ''[[France|(Fr.)]]'' {{ref|reference_name_†O|†O}} <ref>Data excludes territory below 60°S as defined by the [[Antarctic Treaty]], thus excludes [[Adélie Land]] on the [[Antarctica|Antarctic]] mainland.</ref>
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{ATF}}''' ''[[France|(Fr.)]]'' {{ref|reference_name_†O|†O}} <ref>Data excludes territory below 60°S as defined by the [[Antarctic Treaty]], thus excludes [[Adélie Land]] on the [[Antarctica|Antarctic]] mainland.</ref>
| align=right |'''-9.5'''||[[Port-aux-Français]] ''[[Kerguelen]]'' <ref name="OGIMET"/>||||[[11 August]] [[2014]]
| align=right |'''-9.5'''||[[Port-aux-Français]] ''[[Kerguelen]]'' <ref name="OGIMET"/>||||[[11 August]] [[2014]]
| align=right |'''35.6'''||[[Station des Rosiers]] ''[[Europa Island]]'' <ref name="MeteoManz"/><ref>35.8°C was possibly recorded on [[29 January 1981]] at the same place. 35.6°C reported on [[Juan_de_Nova_Island|Juan de Nova Island (Île Juan de Nova)]] on [[31 March]] [[1997]] is unreliable.</ref>||[[12 November]] [[2011]]
| align=right |'''35.8'''||[[Europa Island]]||[[29 January]] [[1981]]
|-
|-


| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"|{{flagicon|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}} [[Île_Amsterdam|Amsterdam Island]] and [[Île_Saint-Paul|Saint Paul Island]] [[Île_Amsterdam|(Îles Saint Paul et Amsterdam)]]
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"|{{flagicon|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}} [[Île_Amsterdam|Amsterdam Island]] and [[Île_Saint-Paul|Saint Paul Island]] [[Île_Amsterdam|(Îles Saint Paul et Amsterdam)]]
| align=right |1.8||[[Martin-de-Viviès]] ''[[Amsterdam_Island|Amsterdam Island (Île Amsterdam)]]'' <ref>[http://www.discoverfrance.net/Colonies/St-Paul_Amsterdam3.shtml St-Paul & Amsterdam Islands, Part 3], Discover France! Retrieved 19 October 2008.</ref>||||[[31 July]] [[1964]]
| align=right |1.8||[[Martin-de-Viviès]] ''[[Amsterdam_Island|Amsterdam Island (Île Amsterdam)]]'' <ref>[http://www.discoverfrance.net/Colonies/St-Paul_Amsterdam3.shtml St-Paul & Amsterdam Islands, Part 3], Discover France! Retrieved 3 January 2022.</ref><ref>The date is believed to be correct.</ref>||||[[31 July]] [[1964]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |26.4|| rowspan="2" |[[Martin-de-Viviès]] ''[[Amsterdam_Island|Amsterdam Island (Île Amsterdam)]]'' <ref name="GSOD"/>|| rowspan="2" |[[30 January]] [[2005]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |26.4|| rowspan="2" |[[Martin-de-Viviès]] ''[[Amsterdam_Island|Amsterdam Island (Île Amsterdam)]]'' <ref name="GSOD"/>|| rowspan="2" |[[30 January]] [[2005]]
|-
|-
Line 234: Line 234:


| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"| {{flagicon|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}} [[Crozet_Islands|Crozet Islands (Archipel Crozet)]]
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"| {{flagicon|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}} [[Crozet_Islands|Crozet Islands (Archipel Crozet)]]
| align=right |-6.6||[[Alfred_Faure|Alfred-Faure]] ''[[Île_de_la_Possession_(Crozet)|Possession Island (Île de la Possession)]]'' <ref>[http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/2006/ile-de-la-possession-alfred-faure/valeurs/61997.html Climatologie de l'année 2006 à Île de la Possession - Alfred Faure], Infoclimat (in French; ''Climatology of Possession Island (Alfred-Faure), 2006''). Retrieved 28 May 2015.</ref>||||[[7 September]] [[2006]]
| align=right |-6.6||[[Alfred_Faure|Alfred-Faure]] ''[[Île_de_la_Possession_(Crozet)|Possession Island (Île de la Possession)]]'' <ref>[http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/2006/ile-de-la-possession-alfred-faure/valeurs/61997.html Climatologie de l'année 2006 à Île de la Possession - Alfred Faure], Infoclimat (in French; ''Climatology of Possession Island (Alfred-Faure), 2006''). Retrieved 3 January 2022.</ref>||||[[7 September]] [[2006]]
| align=right |23.6||[[Alfred_Faure|Alfred-Faure]] ''[[Île_de_la_Possession_(Crozet)|Possession Island (Île de la Possession]]'' <ref>[http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/1997/ile-de-la-possession-alfred-faure/valeurs/61997.html Climatologie de l'année 1997 à Île de la Possession - Alfred Faure], Infoclimat (in French; ''Climatology of Possession Island (Alfred-Faure), 1997''). Retrieved 28 May 2015.</ref>||[[9 January]] [[1997]]
| align=right |23.6||[[Alfred_Faure|Alfred-Faure]] ''[[Île_de_la_Possession_(Crozet)|Possession Island (Île de la Possession)]]'' <ref>[http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/1997/ile-de-la-possession-alfred-faure/valeurs/61997.html Climatologie de l'année 1997 à Île de la Possession - Alfred Faure], Infoclimat (in French; ''Climatology of Possession Island (Alfred-Faure), 1997''). Retrieved 3 January 2022.</ref>||[[9 January]] [[1997]]
|-
|-


| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"| {{flagicon|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}} [[Europa_Island|Europa Island (Île Europa)]]
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"| {{flagicon|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}} [[Europa_Island|Europa Island (Île Europa)]]
| align=right |13.8||[[Europa Island]] <ref>[http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/1984/ile-europa/valeurs/61972.html Climatologie de l'année 1984 à Ile Europa], InfoClimat (in French; ''Climatology of Europa Island, 1984''). Retrieved 4 July 2014.</ref><ref>[http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/1985/ile-europa/valeurs/61972.html Climatologie de l'année 1985 à Ile Europa], InfoClimat (in French; ''Climatology of Europa Island, 1985''). Retrieved 4 July 2014.</ref><ref>9.4°C reported from the island in [[June]] [[1950]], and temperatures between 10°C and 11°C reported in [[1957]] and [[1963]] do not appear reliable.</ref>||||[[22 August]] [[1984]]<br> [[22 July]] [[1985]]
| align=right |13.8||[[Station des Rosiers]] <ref>[http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/1984/ile-europa/valeurs/61972.html Climatologie de l'année 1984 à Ile Europa], InfoClimat (in French; ''Climatology of Europa Island, 1984''). Retrieved 3 January 2022.</ref><ref>[http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/1985/ile-europa/valeurs/61972.html Climatologie de l'année 1985 à Ile Europa], InfoClimat (in French; ''Climatology of Europa Island, 1985''). Retrieved 3 January 2022.</ref><ref>9.4°C reported from the island in [[June]] [[1950]], and temperatures between 10°C and 11°C reported in [[1957]] and [[1963]] do not appear reliable.</ref>||||[[22 August]] [[1984]]<br> [[22 July]] [[1985]]
| align=right |35.8||[[Europa Island]]||[[29 January]] [[1981]]
| align=right |'''35.6'''||[[Station des Rosiers]] ''[[Europa Island]]'' <ref name="MeteoManz"/><ref>35.8°C was possibly recorded on [[29 January 1981]].</ref>||[[12 November]] [[2011]]
|-
|-


| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"| {{flagicon|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}} [[Glorioso_Islands|Glorioso Islands (Îles Glorieuses)]]
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"| {{flagicon|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}} [[Glorioso_Islands|Glorioso Islands (Îles Glorieuses)]]
| align=right |15.9||[[Grande Glorieuse]] <ref>An unconfirmed 15.0°C (date unknown) has been reported from the island.</ref>||||[[26 July]] [[1971]]
| align=right |15.9||[[Gérard Martin]] ''[[Grande Glorieuse]]'' <ref>An unconfirmed 15.0°C (date unknown) has been reported from the island.</ref>||||[[26 July]] [[1971]]
| align=right |35.1||[[Grande Glorieuse]] <ref>[http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/1987/iles-glorieuses/valeurs/61968.html Climatologie de l'année 1987 à Iles Glorieuses], Infoclimat (in French; ''Climatology of the Glorioso Islands, 1987''). Retrieved 28 May 2015.</ref><ref>Global Summary of the day (GSOD) also reports this temperature on [[10 April]] [[1985]].</ref>||[[16 March]] [[1987]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |35.1|| rowspan="2" |[[Gérard Martin]] ''[[Grande Glorieuse]]'' <ref>[http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/1987/iles-glorieuses/valeurs/61968.html Climatologie de l'année 1987 à Iles Glorieuses, Station Gérard Martin], Infoclimat (in French; ''Climatology of the Glorioso Islands, 1987''). Retrieved 3 January 2022.</ref><ref>The second date given in 1987 is also believed to be correct.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[10 April]] [[1985]]<br> [[16 March]] [[1987]]
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}16.8</span> ||[[Gérard Martin]] ''[[Grande Glorieuse]]'' <ref>[https://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/2001/iles-glorieuses-station-gerard-martin/valeurs/61968.html Climatologie de l'année 2001 à Iles Glorieuses, Station Gérard Martin], Infoclimat (in French; ''Climatology of the Glorioso Islands, Station Gérard Martin, 2001''). Retrieved 8 January 2022.</ref><ref>[https://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/2013/iles-glorieuses-station-gerard-martin/valeurs/61968.html Climatologie de l'année 2013 à Iles Glorieuses, Station Gérard Martin], Infoclimat (in French; ''Climatology of the Glorioso Islands, Station Station Gérard Martin, 2013''). Retrieved 8 January 2022.</ref>|| ||[[18 July]] [[2001]]<br> [[8 July]] [[2013]]
|-
|-


| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"| {{flagicon|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}} [[Juan_de_Nova_Island|Juan de Nova Island (Île Juan de Nova)]]
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"| {{flagicon|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}} [[Juan_de_Nova_Island|Juan de Nova Island (Île Juan de Nova)]]
| align=right |18.2||[[Juan de Nova Island]] <ref>[http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/2011/ile-juan-de-nova/valeurs/61970.html Climatologie de l'année 2011 à Ile Juan De Nova], InfoClimat (in French; ''Climatology of Juan de Nova Island, 2011''). Retrieved 4 July 2014.</ref><ref>Temperatures as low as 17.6°C have been reported but none appear reliable.</ref>||||[[26 July]] [[2011]]
| align=right |18.2||[[La Goulette]] <ref>[http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/2011/ile-juan-de-nova/valeurs/61970.html Climatologie de l'année 2011 à Ile Juan De Nova], InfoClimat (in French; ''Climatology of Juan de Nova Island, 2011''). Retrieved 3 January 2022.</ref><ref>Temperatures as low as 17.6°C have been reported but none appear reliable.</ref>||||[[26 July]] [[2011]]
| align=right |35.4||[[Juan de Nova Island]] <ref>[https://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie-mensuelle/61970/decembre/2019/ile-juan-de-nova.html Climatologie du mois de décembre 2019 à Ile Juan DeNova (974)], InfoClimat (in French; ''Climate for the month of December 2019 at Ile Juan de Nova (974) ''. Retrieved 1 February 2020.</ref><ref>35.6°C reported on [[31 March]] [[1997]] is unreliable.</ref>||[[24 December]] [[2019]]
| align=right |35.4||[[La Goulette]] <ref>[https://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie-mensuelle/61970/decembre/2019/ile-juan-de-nova.html Climatologie du mois de décembre 2019 à Ile Juan De Nova (974)], InfoClimat (in French; ''Climate for the month of December 2019 at Ile Juan de Nova (974) ''. Retrieved 1 February 2020.</ref><ref>35.6°C reported on [[31 March]] [[1997]] is unreliable.</ref>||[[24 December]] [[2019]]
|-
|-


| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"| {{flagicon|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}} [[Kerguelen_Islands|Kerguelen Islands (Archipel des Kerguelen)]]
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"| {{flagicon|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}} [[Kerguelen_Islands|Kerguelen Islands (Archipel des Kerguelen)]]
| align=right |-9.5||[[Port-aux-Français]] ''[[Kerguelen#Grande_Terre|La Grande Terre]]'' <ref>[http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/2014/iles-kerguelen-port-aux-francais/valeurs/61998.html Climatologie de l'année 2014 à Îles Kerguelen - Port-Aux-Francais], Infoclimat (in French; ''Climatology of the Kerguelen Islands – Port-aux-Francais, 2014''). Retrieved 28 May 2015.</ref>||||[[11 August]] [[2014]]
| align=right |-9.5||[[Port-aux-Français]] ''[[Kerguelen#Grande_Terre|La Grande Terre]]'' <ref name="OGIMET"/>||||[[11 August]] [[2014]]
| align=right |23.0||[[Port-aux-Français]] ''[[Kerguelen#Grande_Terre|La Grande Terre]]'' <ref name="FR_1959">[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd008A_pdf/0025873d.pdf Annales des Services Météorologiques de la France d’Outre-Mer, Année 1959, Ministère la France d’Outre-Mer], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in French; ''Annals of the Meteorological Services of Overseas France for 1959''). Retrieved 4 February 2006.</ref><ref name="GSOD"/>||[[30 January]] [[1959]]<br> [[7 April]] [[1985]]
| align=right |23.0||[[Port-aux-Français]] ''[[Kerguelen#Grande_Terre|La Grande Terre]]'' <ref name="FR_1959">[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd008A_pdf/0025873d.pdf Annales des Services Météorologiques de la France d’Outre-Mer, Année 1959, Ministère la France d’Outre-Mer], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in French; ''Annals of the Meteorological Services of Overseas France for 1959''). Retrieved 4 February 2006.</ref><ref name="GSOD"/>||[[30 January]] [[1959]]<br> [[7 April]] [[1985]]
|-
|-


| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"| {{flagicon|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}} [[Tromelin_Island|Tromelin Island (Île Tromelin)]]
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"| {{flagicon|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}} [[Tromelin_Island|Tromelin Island (Île Tromelin)]]
| align=right |17.4||[[Tromelin_Island|Tromelin Island (Serge-Frolow)]] <ref>[https://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_619760_kt.pdf Klimatafel von Serge-Frolow, Insel Tromelin / Indischer Ozean / Frankreich], Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German; ''Climate Table for Serge-Frolow, Tromelin Island / Indian Ocean / France''). Retrieved 27 May 2019.</ref><ref>The date is believed to be correct.</ref>||||[[12 July]] [[1964]]
| align=right |17.4||[[Tromelin_Island|Serge-Frolow]] <ref>[https://donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr/FichesClim/FICHECLIM_98403004.pdf Fiche Climatologique: Tromelin (984)], Meteo France (in French; ''Climatological Data: Tromelin (984)''). Retrieved 3 January 2022.</ref>||||[[12 July]] [[1964]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |34.9|| rowspan="2"|[[Tromelin_Island|Tromelin Island (Serge-Frolow)]] <ref name="OGIMET"/>|| rowspan="2" |[[8 February]] [[2017]]<br> [[10 February]] [[2017]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |34.9|| rowspan="2"|[[Tromelin_Island|Serge-Frolow]] <ref name="OGIMET"/>|| rowspan="2" |[[8 February]] [[2017]]<br> [[10 February]] [[2017]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}18.5</span> ||[[Tromelin_Island|Tromelin Island (Serge-Frolow)]] <ref name="GSOD"/>|| ||[[23 July]] [[1992]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}18.5</span> ||[[Tromelin_Island|Serge-Frolow]] <ref name="GSOD"/>|| ||[[23 July]] [[1992]]
|-
|-


Line 269: Line 271:
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''37.5'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Tchibanga]] <ref name="OGIMET"/>|| rowspan="2" |[[6 May]] [[2008]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''37.5'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Tchibanga]] <ref name="OGIMET"/>|| rowspan="2" |[[6 May]] [[2008]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}10.5</span> ||[[Mékambo]] <ref name="KNMI"/>|| align=right |545||[[26 December]] [[1971]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}11.6</span> ||[[Mékambo]] <ref name="KNMI"/>|| align=right |545||[[6 July]] [[1974]]


|-
|-
Line 278: Line 280:
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}8.6</span> ||[[Janjanbureh,_Gambia|Janjanbureh (Georgetown)]] <ref name="MANZ"/>|| || [[30 December]] [[2014]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}8.6</span> ||[[Janjanbureh,_Gambia|Janjanbureh (Georgetown)]] <ref name="MANZ"/>|| || [[30 December]] [[2014]]
||[[Kuntaur]] <ref name="MeteoManz">[http://www.meteomanz.com/index?l=1 MeteoManz], MeteoManz.com. Retrieved 11 March 2021.</ref>||[[14 May]] [[2002]]
||[[Kuntaur]] <ref name="MeteoManz">[http://www.meteomanz.com/index?l=1 MeteoManz], MeteoManz.com. Retrieved 15 January 2022.</ref>||[[14 May]] [[2002]]


|-
|-
Line 307: Line 309:
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{flag|Heard Island and McDonald Islands}}''' ''[[Australia|(Aus.)]]''
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{flag|Heard Island and McDonald Islands}}''' ''[[Australia|(Aus.)]]''
| align=right |'''-11.5'''||[[Spit Bay]] ''[[Heard Island]]'' <ref name="OGIMET"/>||||[[23 August]] [[2014]]
| align=right |'''-11.5'''||[[Spit Bay]] ''[[Heard Island]]'' <ref name="OGIMET"/>||||[[23 August]] [[2014]]
| align=right |'''26.1'''||[[Spit Bay]] ''[[Heard Island]]'' <ref>[http://www.infoclimat.fr/observations-meteo/archives/1er/mars/2013/heard-island-the-spit/94997.html Heard Island The Spit, Relevés du 01 Mars 2013], Infoclimat (in French; ''Records of 1 March 2013''). Retrieved 26 September 2017.</ref>||[[1 March]] [[2013]]
| align=right |'''26.1'''||[[Spit Bay]] ''[[Heard Island]]'' <ref>[http://www.infoclimat.fr/observations-meteo/archives/1er/mars/2013/heard-island-the-spit/94997.html Heard Island The Spit, Relevés du 01 Mars 2013], Infoclimat (in French; ''Records of 1 March 2013''). Retrieved 4 January 2022.</ref>||[[1 March]] [[2013]]


|-
|-
Line 328: Line 330:


| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{LSO}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{LSO}}'''
| align=right |'''-20.4'''||[[Letseng_diamond_mine|Letšeng-la-Draai (Letšeng-la-Terae)]] <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120207035811/http://www.eld.geo.uu.se/shwg/INQUA%2099%20Excursion%20B3%20Fieldguide.doc Quaternary Periglacial Landforms in the Sani Pass Area, Southern Africa. South African Association of Geomorphologists], Uppsala Universitet. Originally retrieved 25 April 2007. Archived 7 February 2012.</ref><ref>This reading has also been reported as -21°C.</ref>|| align=right |3050||[[12 June]] [[1967]]
| align=right |'''-20.4'''||[[Letseng_diamond_mine|Letšeng-la-Draai (Letšeng-la-Terae)]] <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120207035811/http://www.eld.geo.uu.se/shwg/INQUA%2099%20Excursion%20B3%20Fieldguide.doc Quaternary Periglacial Landforms in the Sani Pass Area, Southern Africa. South African Association of Geomorphologists], Uppsala Universitet. Retrieved 9 January 2022. Archived 7 February 2012.</ref><ref>This reading has also been reported as -21°C.</ref>|| align=right |3050||[[12 June]] [[1967]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''39.4'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Maseru]] <ref>[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd122_pdf/LSN0626.PDF Report on Meteorological Data of the Year 1973, Weather Bureau, South Africa], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 12 February 2012.</ref><ref>41.7°C reported at [[Butha-Buthe]] in [[January ]][[1927]], and 40.6°C reported at [[Hlotse|Hlotse (Leribe)]] in [[December]] [[1944]] are unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[19 January]] [[1973]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''39.4'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Maseru]] <ref>[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd122_pdf/LSN0626.PDF Report on Meteorological Data of the Year 1973, Weather Bureau, South Africa], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 12 February 2012.</ref><ref>41.7°C reported at [[Butha-Buthe]] in [[January ]][[1927]], and 40.6°C reported at [[Hlotse|Hlotse (Leribe)]] in [[December]] [[1944]] are unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[19 January]] [[1973]]
|-
|-
Line 339: Line 341:
| align=right rowspan="2"|'''40.0'''||[[Ganta]] <ref name="LIB"/><ref name="LIB2">Temperatures exceeding 41°C reported at [[Tubmanburg|Tubmanburg (Bomi)]] have not been confirmed. 40.6°C reported at [[Sikombe]], inland from [[Greenville,_Liberia|Greenville]] in the early 20th century, and also from [[Sagleipie]] in the 1950’s are of questionable reliability.</ref>|| before [[1969]]
| align=right rowspan="2"|'''40.0'''||[[Ganta]] <ref name="LIB"/><ref name="LIB2">Temperatures exceeding 41°C reported at [[Tubmanburg|Tubmanburg (Bomi)]] have not been confirmed. 40.6°C reported at [[Sikombe]], inland from [[Greenville,_Liberia|Greenville]] in the early 20th century, and also from [[Sagleipie]] in the 1950’s are of questionable reliability.</ref>|| before [[1969]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}8.1</span>||[[Tokadeh]] <ref>[https://liberia.arcelormittal.com/~/media/Files/A/ArcelorMittal-Liberia/reports-and-presentations/phase-1-esia/vol-3-part-2-1-hydrology-baseline-appendices.pdf Western Range DSO Iron Ore Project Volume 3, Part 2.1: Hydrology Baseline Final Report], ArcelorMittal Liberia Limited. Retrieved 7 May 2019.</ref><ref>No relevant measured data has been found. The value given is an estimate modelled by the [[United Kingdom]] [[Met Office]] based on data from [[Nzérékoré]] ''[[Guinea]]'', 40km to the north of Tokadeh.</ref>|| align=right |460||
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}8.1</span>||[[Tokadeh]] <ref>[https://liberia.arcelormittal.com/~/media/Files/A/ArcelorMittal-Liberia/reports-and-presentations/phase-1-esia/vol-3-part-2-1-hydrology-baseline-appendices.pdf Western Range DSO Iron Ore Project Volume 3, Part 2.1: Hydrology Baseline Final Report], ArcelorMittal Liberia Limited. Retrieved 7 May 2019.</ref><ref>No relevant measured data has been found. The value given is an estimate modelled by the [[United Kingdom]] [[Met Office]] based on data from [[Nzérékoré]] ''[[Guinea]]'', 40km to the north of Tokadeh. The same modelling estimates minimum temperatures of 6.1°C are reached around 1000m on the peaks in the north of the country.</ref>|| align=right |460||
||[[Tapeta]] <ref>[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=wb9PAQAAIAAJ&q=tappita+temperature+intitle:"Liberia" Google Search Engine], Google. (Quarterly Statistical Bulletin of Liberia). Retrieved 24 September 2017.</ref><ref name="LIB2"/>||before [[1973]]
||[[Tapeta]] <ref>[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=wb9PAQAAIAAJ&q=tappita+temperature+intitle:"Liberia" Google Search Engine], Google. (Quarterly Statistical Bulletin of Liberia). Retrieved 9 January 2022.</ref><ref name="LIB2"/>||before [[1973]]


|-
|-
Line 354: Line 356:
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{MAD}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{MAD}}'''
| align=right |'''-8.5'''||[[Nanokely]] ''[[Vakinankaratra|Vakinankaratra region]]'' <ref>[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd029_pdf/006B2F7E.pdf Résumé Mensuel du Temps à Madagascar, 1963, Météorologie Nationale], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in French; ''Monthly Summary of the Weather of Madagascar, 1963''). Retrieved 24 February 2007.</ref><ref>[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd029_pdf/006B2F43.pdf Résumé Mensuel du Temps à Madagascar, 1964, Météorologie Nationale], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in French; ''Monthly Summary of the Weather of Madagascar, 1964''). Retrieved 24 February 2007.</ref><ref>-16°C was recorded in the uninhabited [[La Cuvette du Boby]] at an elevation of 2470 m on the [[Andringitra Massif]] ''[[Haute_Matsiatra|Haute Matsiatra region]]'' on [[1 July]] [[1956]]. -8.6°C reported at [[Antsirabe]] ''[[Vakinankaratra|Vakinankaratra region]]'' in [[August]] [[1915]] is unreliable.</ref>|| align=right |2020||[[23 July]] [[1963]]<br> [[August]] [[1964]]
| align=right |'''-8.5'''||[[Nanokely]] ''[[Vakinankaratra|Vakinankaratra region]]'' <ref>[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd029_pdf/006B2F7E.pdf Résumé Mensuel du Temps à Madagascar, 1963, Météorologie Nationale], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in French; ''Monthly Summary of the Weather of Madagascar, 1963''). Retrieved 24 February 2007.</ref><ref>[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd029_pdf/006B2F43.pdf Résumé Mensuel du Temps à Madagascar, 1964, Météorologie Nationale], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in French; ''Monthly Summary of the Weather of Madagascar, 1964''). Retrieved 24 February 2007.</ref><ref>-16°C was recorded in the uninhabited [[La Cuvette du Boby]] at an elevation of 2470 m on the [[Andringitra Massif]] ''[[Haute_Matsiatra|Haute Matsiatra region]]'' on [[1 July]] [[1956]]. -8.6°C reported at [[Antsirabe]] ''[[Vakinankaratra|Vakinankaratra region]]'' in [[August]] [[1915]] is unreliable.</ref>|| align=right |2020||[[23 July]] [[1963]]<br> [[August]] [[1964]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''43.6'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Ejeda]] ''[[Atsimo-Andrefana_Region|Atsimo-Andrefana region]]'' <ref>[http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/mdgnc1.pdf Communication Nationale Initiale de Madagascar], United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (in French; ''First National Communication of Madagascar''). Retrieved 24 June 2012.</ref><ref>Higher temperatures (up to 48.3°C), especially those recorded in the 1930’s and 1940’s are probably unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |before [[2004]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''43.6'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Ejeda]] ''[[Atsimo-Andrefana_Region|Atsimo-Andrefana region]]'' <ref>[http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/mdgnc1.pdf Communication Nationale Initiale de Madagascar], United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (in French; ''First National Communication of Madagascar''). Retrieved 9 January 2022.</ref><ref>Higher temperatures (up to 48.3°C), especially those recorded in the 1930’s and 1940’s are probably unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |before [[2004]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}-2.9</span> ||[[Antsirabe]] ''[[Vakinankaratra|Vakinankaratra region]]'' <ref name="KNMI"/>||align=right|1530||[[1 July]] [[1996]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}-2.9</span> ||[[Antsirabe]] ''[[Vakinankaratra|Vakinankaratra region]]'' <ref name="KNMI"/>||align=right|1530||[[1 July]] [[1996]]
Line 361: Line 363:


| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{flag|Madeira}}''' ''[[Portugal|(Port.)]]''
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{flag|Madeira}}''' ''[[Portugal|(Port.)]]''
| align=right |'''-9.5'''||[[Bica da Cana]] <ref name="Madeira">[http://www.ipma.pt/en/oclima/extremos.clima/index.jsp?page=extreme_md.xml Climate records - Madeira Islands], Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA). Retrieved 4 August 2014.</ref><ref>This location may be uninhabited. 4.4°C was recorded at [[Funchal]] between [[1931]] and [[1980]], while -7.0°C was recorded at high altitude on [[Pico do Arieiro]] on [[6 March]] [[1994]].</ref>|| align=right |1560||[[5 March]] [[1993]]
| align=right |'''-9.5'''||[[Bica da Cana]] <ref name="Madeira">[http://www.ipma.pt/en/oclima/extremos.clima/index.jsp?page=extreme_md.xml Climate records - Madeira Islands], Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA). Retrieved 9 January 2022.</ref><ref>This location may be uninhabited. 4.4°C was recorded at [[Funchal]] between [[1931]] and [[1980]], while -7.0°C was recorded at high altitude on [[Pico do Arieiro]] on [[6 March]] [[1994]].</ref>|| align=right |1560||[[5 March]] [[1993]]
| align=right |'''39.0'''||[[Monte_(Funchal)|Sanatório do Monte (Funchal)]] <ref name="Madeira"/>||[[18 August]] [[1976]]
| align=right |'''39.0'''||[[Monte_(Funchal)|Sanatório do Monte (Funchal)]] <ref name="Madeira"/>||[[18 August]] [[1976]]


Line 372: Line 374:
||[[Nkate]] (near [[Mbewe]]) ''[[Thyolo_District|Thyolo district]]'' <ref name="MWI"/><ref name="MWI2"/>||[[November]] [[1969]]<br> [[November]] [[1972]]
||[[Nkate]] (near [[Mbewe]]) ''[[Thyolo_District|Thyolo district]]'' <ref name="MWI"/><ref name="MWI2"/>||[[November]] [[1969]]<br> [[November]] [[1972]]
|-
|-
||[[Nsanje]] ''[[Nsanje_District|Nsanje district]]'' <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191118180942/https://times.mw/hot-temperature-over-met/Hot temperature over – Met.], The Times Group, Malawi. Retrieved 30 January 2020. Archived 18 November 2019.</ref>||[[29 October]] [[2019]]
||[[Nsanje]] ''[[Nsanje_District|Nsanje district]]'' <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191118180942/https://times.mw/hot-temperature-over-met/ Hot temperature over – Met.], The Times Group, Malawi. Retrieved 30 January 2020. Archived 18 November 2019.</ref>||[[29 October]] [[2019]]


|-
|-


| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{MLI}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{MLI}}'''
| align=right |'''0.5'''||[[Kidal]] ''[[Kidal_Region|Kidal region]]'' <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080929063108/http://www.meteomali.net/ Mali météo], Météo Mali (in French; ''Mali meteo[rology]''). Originally retrieved 5 November 2007. Archived 29 September 2008.</ref>|| align=right |460||[[1 February]] [[1928]]
| align=right |'''0.5'''||[[Kidal]] ''[[Kidal_Region|Kidal region]]'' <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080929063108/http://www.meteomali.net/ Mali météo], Météo Mali (in French; ''Mali meteo[rology]''). Retrieved 10 January 2022. Archived 29 September 2008.</ref>|| align=right |460||[[1 February]] [[1928]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''48.2'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Gao]] ''[[Gao_Region|Gao region]]'' <ref name="GSOD"/><ref>Higher temperatures, including 54.5°C at [[Timbuktu|Tombouctou (Timbuktu)]] and 54.4°C at [[Araouane|Arawan (Araouane)]], both in the [[Tombouctou_Region|Tombouctou (Timbuktu) region]], and 52.0°C at [[Ménaka]] in the [[Gao_Region|Gao region]] on [[4 May]] [[1934]] are unreliable. 48.8°C reported at [[Nioro du Sahel]] ''[[Kayes_Region|Kayes region]]'' in [[May]] [[1936]], and at Timbuktu on [[14 May]] [[2011]] are also unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[30 May]] [[1988]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''48.2'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Gao]] ''[[Gao_Region|Gao region]]'' <ref name="GSOD"/><ref>Higher temperatures, including 54.5°C at [[Timbuktu|Tombouctou (Timbuktu)]] and 54.4°C at [[Araouane|Arawan (Araouane)]], both in the [[Tombouctou_Region|Tombouctou (Timbuktu) region]], and 52.0°C at [[Ménaka]] in the [[Gao_Region|Gao region]] on [[4 May]] [[1934]] are unreliable. 48.8°C reported at [[Nioro du Sahel]] ''[[Kayes_Region|Kayes region]]'' in [[May]] [[1936]], and at Timbuktu on [[14 May]] [[2011]] are also unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[30 May]] [[1988]]
|-
|-
Line 394: Line 396:


| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{MRI}}'''
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{MRI}}'''
| align=right |'''6.5'''||[[Quartier_Militaire|Belle Rive]] ''[[Quartier_Militaire|Quartier Militaire town]]'' <ref>Mauritius Meteorological Services.</ref><ref name>[http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/maunc1/chap1/chapter1.htm#CLIMATE Initial National Communication of the Republic of Mauritius under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (April 1999). Chapter 1, National Circumstances], Government of Mauritius. Retrieved 24 February 2008.</ref>|| align=right |490||[[20 July]] [[1986]]
| align=right |'''6.5'''||[[Quartier_Militaire|Belle Rive]] ''[[Quartier_Militaire|Quartier Militaire town]]'' <ref>Mauritius Meteorological Services.</ref><ref name>[http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/maunc1/chap1/chapter1.htm#CLIMATE Initial National Communication of the Republic of Mauritius under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (April 1999). Chapter 1, National Circumstances], Government of Mauritius. Retrieved 12 August 2021.</ref>|| align=right |490||[[20 July]] [[1986]]
| align=right |'''36.6'''||[[Constance,_Mauritius|Constance]] <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160305002627/http://users.clas.ufl.edu/prwaylen/Mauritius/01_Jan%2009.pdf Monthly Bulletin of Climatological Summaries, January 2009], Mauritius Meteorological Services. Retrieved 3 July 2015. Archived 5 March 2016.</ref><ref>38°C reported at [[Port Louis]] in [[January]] [[1957]], and 37.5°C reported at the same place on [[7 February]] [[1975]] are probably unreliable.</ref>||[[30 January]] [[2009]]
| align=right |'''36.6'''||[[Constance,_Mauritius|Constance]] <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160305002627/http://users.clas.ufl.edu/prwaylen/Mauritius/01_Jan%2009.pdf Monthly Bulletin of Climatological Summaries, January 2009], Mauritius Meteorological Services. Retrieved 10 January 2022. Archived 5 March 2016.</ref><ref>38°C reported at [[Port Louis]] in [[January]] [[1957]], and 37.5°C reported at the same place on [[7 February]] [[1975]] are probably unreliable.</ref>||[[30 January]] [[2009]]
|-
|-


Line 414: Line 416:
| rowspan="2" align=right |34.1|| rowspan="2" |[[Port Mathurin|Port Mathurin (Point Canon)]] <ref name="OGIMET"/>|| rowspan="2" |[[18 March]] [[2016]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |34.1|| rowspan="2" |[[Port Mathurin|Port Mathurin (Point Canon)]] <ref name="OGIMET"/>|| rowspan="2" |[[18 March]] [[2016]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}15.3</span> ||[[Port Mathurin|Port Mathurin (Point Canon)]] <ref name="KNMI"/>||||[[20 August]] [[1971]]</br> [[21 August]] [[1971]]</br> [[14 August]] [[1972]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}15.3</span> ||[[Port Mathurin|Port Mathurin (Point Canon)]] <ref name="KNMI"/>||||[[14 August]] [[1972]]


|-
|-
Line 425: Line 427:


| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{flag|Melilla}}''' ''[[Spain|(Sp.)]]''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{flag|Melilla}}''' ''[[Spain|(Sp.)]]''
| align=right |'''0.0'''||[[Melilla]] <ref name="Melilla">[http://www.tiemposol.com/tiempo-en-melilla-manana56D.htm El Tiempo en la Provincia de Melilla Mañana], tiemposol.com (in Spanish; ''The Weather in the Province of Melilla Tomorrow''). Retrieved 4 July 2015.</ref><ref>An unconfirmed -0.5°C has been reported, date unknown.</ref>||||[[4 February]] [[1907]]
| align=right |'''0.0'''||[[Melilla]] <ref name="Melilla">[http://www.tiemposol.com/tiempo-en-melilla-manana56D.htm El Tiempo en la Provincia de Melilla Mañana], tiemposol.com (in Spanish; ''The Weather in the Province of Melilla Tomorrow''). Retrieved 20 January 2022.</ref><ref>An unconfirmed -0.5°C has been reported, date unknown.</ref>||||[[4 February]] [[1907]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''41.8'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Melilla]] <ref name="Melilla"/>|| rowspan="2" |[[6 July]] [[1994]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''41.8'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Melilla]] <ref name="Melilla"/>|| rowspan="2" |[[6 July]] [[1994]]
|-
|-
Line 433: Line 435:


| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{MAR}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{MAR}}'''
| align=right |'''-24.1'''||[[Ussikis]] ''[[Al_Haouz_Province|al-Ḥawz province]]'' <ref>[https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/new-continental-cold-record-for-africa-discovered.html New Continental Cold Record for Africa Discovered?], wunderground.com. Retrieved 26 February 2018.</ref><ref>The original source of this document, in the serial ''Annales du Service de Physique du Globe et de Météorologie de l’Institut Scientifique Chérifien'' in 1935, is no longer available online.</ref><ref>-33.4°C reported at [[Tashddirt|Tashddirt (Tacheddirt)|]] on [[11 December]] [[1934]] is incorrect. -30°C reported in the [[Michlifen|Michlifen Depression]], elevation 1980 m sometime before [[1964]] has not been confirmed.</ref>|| align=right |2100||[[11 February]] [[1935]]
| align=right |'''-24.1'''||[[Ussikis]] ''[[Al_Haouz_Province|al-Ḥawz (Al Haouz) province]]'' <ref>[https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/new-continental-cold-record-for-africa-discovered.html New Continental Cold Record for Africa Discovered?], wunderground.com. Retrieved 26 February 2018.</ref><ref>The original source of this document, in the serial ''Annales du Service de Physique du Globe et de Météorologie de l’Institut Scientifique Chérifien'' in 1935, is no longer available online.</ref><ref>-33.4°C reported at [[Tashddirt|Tashddirt (Tacheddirt)|]] on [[11 December]] [[1934]] is incorrect. -30°C reported in the [[Michlifen|Michlifen Depression]], elevation 1980 m sometime before [[1964]] has not been confirmed.</ref>|| align=right |2100||[[11 February]] [[1935]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''49.6'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Marrakesh]] <ref name="OGIMET"/><ref>51.8°C reported at [[Inezgane Airport]] ([[Agadir|Aġadīr]]) ''[[Agadir-Ida Ou Tanane Prefecture|Aġadīr-Ida Ou Tanane prefecture]]'' on [[17 August]] [[1940]], 49.8°C reported at [[Kenitra|Kniṭra (Kénitra)]] ''[[Kénitra_Province|Kniṭra (Kénitra) province]]'' on [[1 July]] [[2008]], and other higher readings are unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[17 July]] [[2012]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''49.6'''||[[Marrakesh]] <ref name="OGIMET"/><ref>51.8°C reported at [[Inezgane Airport]] ([[Agadir|Aġadīr]]) ''[[Agadir-Ida Ou Tanane Prefecture|Aġadīr-Ida Ou Tanane prefecture]]'' on [[17 August]] [[1940]], 49.8°C reported at [[Kenitra|Kniṭra (Kénitra)]] ''[[Kénitra_Province|Kniṭra (Kénitra) province]]'' on [[1 July]] [[2008]], and other higher readings are unreliable.</ref>||[[17 July]] [[2012]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}-14</span>||[[Ifrane | Īfrān (Ifrane)]] ''[[Fès-Meknès|Fès-Meknès region]]'' <ref>[https://www.yabiladi.com/article-societe-283.html Météo : Le froid polaire touche le Maroc], yabiladi (in French; ''Weather: Polar Cold Hits Morocco''). Retrieved 12 February 2021.</ref><ref>-17.5°C was reported at an uninhabited location near the summit of [[M%27Goun|Jbel Mgun (Jebel M’Goun)]] (elevation 3650 m) on [[9 November]] [[2001]].</ref>||align=right|1530||[[28 December]] [[2004]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}-14</span>||[[Ifrane | Īfrān (Ifrane)]] ''[[Fès-Meknès|Fès-Meknès region]]'' <ref>[https://www.yabiladi.com/article-societe-283.html Météo : Le froid polaire touche le Maroc], yabiladi (in French; ''Weather: Polar Cold Hits Morocco''). Retrieved 12 February 2021.</ref><ref>-17.5°C was reported at an uninhabited location near the summit of [[M%27Goun|Jbel Mgun (Jebel M’Goun)]] (elevation 3650 m) on [[9 November]] [[2001]].</ref>||align=right|1530||[[28 December]] [[2004]]
|| [[Sidi_Slimane,_Morocco|Sīdī Sulīmān (Sidi Slimane)]] <ref>[https://new.in-24.com/News/81450.html In Morocco, “absolute records” for temperatures of up to 49.6 ° C], New.in-24. Retrieved 2 January 2022.</ref>||[[10 July]] [[2021]]

|-
|-


Line 462: Line 464:


| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{NGA}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{NGA}}'''
| align=right |'''2.8'''|| [[Potiskum]] ''[[Yobe_State|Yobe state]]'' <ref>[https://www.google.com/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=potiskum+temperature+intitle:proceedings&gws_rd=ssl#tbm=bks&q=potiskum+1957+temperature+intitle:proceedings Proceedings Proceedings of the Science Association of Nigeria, 1958], Google Books Search Engine. Retrieved 31 May 2015.</ref><ref>One source states the temperature was recorded on two consecutive days, so possibly also [[9 January]] [[1957]].</ref>|| align=right |510||[[8 January]] [[1957]]
| align=right |'''2.8'''|| [[Potiskum]] ''[[Yobe_State|Yobe state]]'' <ref>[https://www.google.com/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=potiskum+temperature+intitle:proceedings&gws_rd=ssl#tbm=bks&q=potiskum+1957+temperature+intitle:proceedings Proceedings Proceedings of the Science Association of Nigeria, 1958], Google Books Search Engine. Retrieved 10 January 2022.</ref><ref>One source states the temperature was recorded on two consecutive days, so possibly also [[9 January]] [[1957]].</ref>|| align=right |510||[[8 January]] [[1957]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''46.4'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Yola,_Nigeria|Yola]] ''[[Adamawa_State|Adamawa state]]'' <ref name="OGIMET"/><ref>47.2°C reported at both [[Sokoto]] and [[Hadejia]] ''[[Jigawa_State|Jigawa state]]'', as well as higher temperatures reported early in the 20th century are believed to be unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[3 April]] [[2010]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''46.4'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Yola,_Nigeria|Yola]] ''[[Adamawa_State|Adamawa state]]'' <ref name="OGIMET"/><ref>47.2°C reported at both [[Sokoto]] and [[Hadejia]] ''[[Jigawa_State|Jigawa state]]'', as well as higher temperatures reported early in the 20th century are believed to be unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[3 April]] [[2010]]
|-
|-
Line 469: Line 471:
|-
|-


| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|{{flagicon|South Africa}} '''[[Prince Edward Islands]]''' ''[[South_Africa|(Sth. Afr.)]]''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|{{flagicon|South Africa}} '''[[Prince Edward Islands]]''' ''[[South_Africa|(Sth. Afr.)]]''
| align=right |'''-6.5'''||[[Prince_Edward_Islands#Marion Research Station|Transvaal Cove]] ''[[Prince_Edward_Islands|Marion Island]]'' <ref name="KNMI"/>||||[[17 September]] [[1971]]
| align=right |'''-6.5'''||[[Prince_Edward_Islands#Marion Research Station|Transvaal Cove]] ''[[Prince_Edward_Islands|Marion Island]]'' <ref name="KNMI"/>||||[[17 September]] [[1971]]
| align=right |'''25.6'''||[[Prince_Edward_Islands#Marion Research Station|Transvaal Cove]] ''[[Prince_Edward_Islands|Marion Island]]'' <ref name="KNMI"/>||[[8 January]] [[2005]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''25.6'''|| rowspan="2" | [[Prince_Edward_Islands#Marion Research Station|Transvaal Cove]] ''[[Prince_Edward_Islands|Marion Island]]'' <ref name="KNMI"/>|| rowspan="2" |[[8 January]] [[2005]]
|-

| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}-5.7</span> ||[[Prince_Edward_Islands#Marion Research Station|Transvaal Cove]] ''[[Prince_Edward_Islands|Marion Island]]'' <ref name="KNMI"/>||||[[4 September]] [[2011]]<br> [[5 September]] [[2011]]
|-
|-


| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{flag|Réunion|local}}''' ''[[France|(Fr.)]]''
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{flag|Réunion|local}}''' ''[[France|(Fr.)]]''
| align=right |'''-5.0'''||[[Gîte de Bellecombe]] <ref>[http://www.meteofrance.re/climat/description-du-climat#record La Réunion, Météo et climat], Météo-France (in French; ''Reunion Island, Meteorology and climate''). Retrieved 17 June 2017.</ref><ref>This location is a mountain lodge or refuge. The lowest temperature recorded in a permanently inhabited location is -1.7°C at [[Plaine des Cafres]] (elevation 1560 m) on [[18 August]] [[1988]]. -4.0°C reported from the same place on [[21 August]] [[1956]] is probably unreliable.</ref>|| align=right |2270||[[10 September]] [[1975]]
| align=right |'''-5.0'''||[[Gîte de Bellecombe]] <ref name="Réunion">[http://www.meteofrance.re/climat/description-du-climat#record La Réunion, Météo et climat], Météo-France (in French; ''Reunion Island, Meteorology and climate''). Retrieved 10 January 2022.</ref><ref>This location is a mountain lodge or refuge. The lowest temperature recorded in a permanently inhabited location is -1.7°C at [[Plaine des Cafres]] (elevation 1560 m) on [[18 August]] [[1988]]. -4.0°C reported from the same place on [[21 August]] [[1956]] is probably unreliable.</ref>|| align=right |2270||[[10 September]] [[1975]]
| align=right |'''37.0'''||[[Les Trois-Bassins|Pointe des Trois-Bassins]] <ref>[http://www.meteofrance.fr/actualites/70417711-record-absolu-de-chaleur-a-la-reunion Record absolu de chaleur à la Réunion], Meteo France (in French; ''Absolute heat record in Reunion''). Retrieved 28 March 2019.</ref>||[[25 January]] [[2019]]
| align=right |'''37.0'''||[[Les Trois-Bassins|Pointe des Trois-Bassins]] <ref name="Réunion"/>||[[25 January]] [[2019]]


|-
|-


| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;" rowspan="2"|'''{{RWA}}'''
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;" rowspan="2"|'''{{RWA}}'''
| align=right rowspan="2"|'''0.0'''||[[Lake_Ruhondo|Ruhondo (Lake Ruhondo)]] <ref>[http://library.wur.nl/isric/fulltext/isricu_t4e2d6614_001.pdf Carte pédalogique du Rwanda au 1/50 000 - Gakenke, Ministère des Affaires Étrangères, du Commerce Extérieur et de la Coopération au Développement de Belqique], ISRIC World Soil Information Database (in French; ''Soil Map of Rwanda at 1/50 000 - Gakenke'). Retrieved 16 October 2011.</ref>|| align=right |1790||before [[2002]]
| align=right rowspan="2"|'''0.0'''||[[Lake_Ruhondo|Ruhondo (Lake Ruhondo)]] <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210811185610/https://library.wur.nl/isric/fulltext/isricu_t4e2d6614_001.pdf Carte pédalogique du Rwanda au 1/50 000 - Gakenke, Ministère des Affaires Étrangères, du Commerce Extérieur et de la Coopération au Développement de Belqique], ISRIC World Soil Information Database (in French; ''Soil Map of Rwanda at 1/50 000 - Gakenke'). Retrieved 10 January 2022. Archived 11 August 2021.</ref>|| align=right |1790||before [[2002]]
| align=right|'''35.6'''||[[Kigali_International_Airport|Kigali Airport (Kanombe)]] <ref name="COD"/>||[[August]] [[1937]]-[[1939]]
| align=right|'''35.6'''||[[Kigali_International_Airport|Kigali Airport (Kanombe)]] <ref name="COD"/>||[[August]] [[1937]]-[[1939]]
|-
|-
||[[Kinigi]] <ref name="RWA">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231942/http://www.eac.int/environment/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=180&Itemid=106 Climate Change Master Plan 2011-2031], East African Community. Originally retrieved 31 May 2015. Archived 3 March 2016.</ref>|| align=right |1695||before [[2012]]
||[[Kinigi]] <ref name="RWA">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231942/http://www.eac.int/environment/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=180&Itemid=106 Climate Change Master Plan 2011-2031], East African Community. Retrieved 10 January 2022. Archived 3 March 2016.</ref>|| align=right |1695||before [[2012]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}35.4</span> ||[[Kigali_International_Airport|Kigali Airport (Kanombe)]] <ref name="RWA"/><ref>Rwanda Meteorological Service</ref>||[[22 February]] [[2005]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}35.4</span> ||[[Kigali_International_Airport|Kigali Airport (Kanombe)]] <ref name="RWA"/><ref>Rwanda Meteorological Service</ref>||[[22 February]] [[2005]]


Line 492: Line 495:
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{SHN}}''' ''[[United_Kingdom|(UK)]]''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{SHN}}''' ''[[United_Kingdom|(UK)]]''
| align=right |'''-2.7'''||[[Gough_Island#Weather_Station|Transvaal Bay]] ''[[Gough Island]]'' <ref name="KNMI"/>||||[[29 August]] [[1967]]
| align=right |'''-2.7'''||[[Gough_Island#Weather_Station|Transvaal Bay]] ''[[Gough Island]]'' <ref name="KNMI"/>||||[[29 August]] [[1967]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''34.9'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Georgetown,_Ascension_Island|Georgetown]] ''[[Ascension Island]]'' <ref name="Ascension">[http://www.the-islander.org.ac/art_7543_26_2_1.html Met office Statistics for the week ending Monday 29-Mar-10], The Islander. Retrieved 1 June 2015.</ref><ref name="Ascension2">The date is believed to be correct. 35.0°C reported at [[Ascension_Island_Base|Wideawake Field (RAF Ascension Island)]] on [[17 April]] [[1971]], and similar high temperatures reported at the same site in the early 1970’s are unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[25 March]] [[2010]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''34.9'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Georgetown,_Ascension_Island|Georgetown]] ''[[Ascension Island]]'' <ref name="Ascension">[http://www.the-islander.org.ac/art_7543_26_2_1.html Met office Statistics for the week ending Monday 29-Mar-10], The Islander. Retrieved 1 June 2015. {{Dead link|date=January 2022}}</ref><ref name="Ascension2">[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/aug/12/heatwave-record-temperatures-world World feeling the heat as 17 countries experience record temperatures], The Guardian. Retrieved 10 January 2022.</ref><ref name="Ascension3">The date is believed to be correct. 35.0°C reported at [[Ascension_Island_Base|Wideawake Field (RAF Ascension Island)]] on [[17 April]] [[1971]], and similar high temperatures reported at the same site in the early 1970’s are unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[25 March]] [[2010]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}-1.3</span> ||[[Gough_Island#Weather_Station|Transvaal Bay]] ''[[Gough Island]]'' <ref name="KNMI"/>||||[[8 August]] [[1990]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}-1.3</span> ||[[Gough_Island#Weather_Station|Transvaal Bay]] ''[[Gough Island]]'' <ref name="KNMI"/>||||[[8 August]] [[1990]]
Line 498: Line 501:


| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"|{{flag|Ascension Island}}
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"|{{flag|Ascension Island}}
| align=right |14.5||[[Ascension_Island|The Residency]] <ref>[http://www.the-islander.org.ac/oldsite/1551.htm The Islander - Thursday 30th August 2001], The Islander. Retrieved 14 November 2008.</ref><ref>The average minimum temperature recorded in the months of [[August]], [[October]], and [[November]] at [[Green Mountain Farm]] (elevation 660m) between [[1951]] and [[1953]] was 14.5°C. Extreme minimum temperatures are not known, but would likely to have descend to 12°C or possibly lower.</ref>|| align=right |550||[[August]] [[2001]]
| align=right |14.5||[[Ascension_Island|The Residency]] <ref>[http://www.the-islander.org.ac/oldsite/1551.htm The Islander - Thursday 30th August 2001], The Islander. Retrieved 10 January 2022.</ref><ref>The average minimum temperature recorded in the months of [[August]], [[October]], and [[November]] at [[Green Mountain Farm]] (elevation 660m) between [[1951]] and [[1953]] was 14.5°C. Extreme minimum temperatures are not known, but would likely to have descend to 12°C or possibly lower.</ref>|| align=right |550||[[August]] [[2001]]
| align=right |34.9||[[Georgetown,_Ascension_Island|Georgetown]] <ref name="Ascension"/><ref name="Ascension2"/>||[[25 March]] [[2010]]
| align=right |34.9||[[Georgetown,_Ascension_Island|Georgetown]] <ref name="Ascension"/><ref name="Ascension2"/><ref name="Ascension3"/> ||[[25 March]] [[2010]]
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"| {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[Gough Island]]
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"| {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[Gough Island]]
Line 533: Line 536:
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{SEN}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{SEN}}'''
| align=right |'''4.2'''||[[Diourbel]] <ref name="FR_1951">[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd008A_pdf/00270A58.pdf Annales des Services Météorologiques de la France d’Outre-Mer, Année 1951, Ministère la France d’Outre-Mer], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in French; ''Annals of the Meteorological Services of Overseas France for 1951''). Retrieved 5 February 2006.</ref><ref>Some sources give the date as [[January]] [[1948]].</ref>||||[[January]] [[1947]]
| align=right |'''4.2'''||[[Diourbel]] <ref name="FR_1951">[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd008A_pdf/00270A58.pdf Annales des Services Météorologiques de la France d’Outre-Mer, Année 1951, Ministère la France d’Outre-Mer], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in French; ''Annals of the Meteorological Services of Overseas France for 1951''). Retrieved 5 February 2006.</ref><ref>Some sources give the date as [[January]] [[1948]].</ref>||||[[January]] [[1947]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''49'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Fété-Olé]] <ref>[http://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/num-dakar-02/00331.pdf Analyse des Données Météorologiques Recuellies (sic) à Fété-Olé (Nord du Sénégal) de Septembre 1969 à Décembre 1977], Institut de Recherche pour la Développement (IRD) (in French; ''Analysis of Meteorological Data Collected at Fété-Olé (North Senegal) from September 1969 to December 1977''). Retrieved 19 April 2017.</ref><ref>This reading is probably rounded to the nearest 0.5°C. 49.0°C reported at [[Linguère]] in [[March]] [[1940]] is unreliable. 48.8°C was reported at [[Matam]] on [[26 May]] [[1993]].</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[2 April]] [[1973]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''49'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Fété-Olé]] <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200601222616/https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/num-dakar-02/00331.pdf Analyse des Données Météorologiques Recuellies (sic) à Fété-Olé (Nord du Sénégal) de Septembre 1969 à Décembre 1977], Institut de Recherche pour la Développement (IRD) (in French; ''Analysis of Meteorological Data Collected at Fété-Olé (North Senegal) from September 1969 to December 1977''). Retrieved 10 January 2022. Archived 1 June 2020.</ref><ref>This reading is probably rounded to the nearest 0.5°C. 49.0°C reported at [[Linguère]] in [[March]] [[1940]] is unreliable. 48.8°C was reported at [[Matam]] on [[26 May]] [[1993]].</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[2 April]] [[1973]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}5.6</span> ||[[Linguère]] <ref name="KNMI"/>|| ||[[8 December]] [[1982]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}5.6</span> ||[[Linguère]] <ref name="KNMI"/>|| ||[[8 December]] [[1982]]
Line 540: Line 543:


| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{SEY}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{SEY}}'''
| align=right |'''17.5'''||[[Picard Island|Settlement, Picard (West) Island)]] ''[[Aldabra]]'' <ref name="Aldabra">[https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/5061/00202x.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Climate of Aldabra Atoll. Atoll Research Bulletin, No. 202, February 1977], Smithsonian Libraries. Retrieved 7 March 2016.</ref>|| || [[June]] [[1969]]
| align=right |'''17.5'''||[[Picard Island|Settlement, Picard (West) Island]] ''[[Aldabra]]'' <ref name="Aldabra">[https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/5061/00202x.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Climate of Aldabra Atoll. Atoll Research Bulletin, No. 202, February 1977], Smithsonian Libraries. Retrieved 10 January 2022.</ref>|| || [[June]] [[1969]]
| align=right |'''36.3'''|| [[Picard Island|Settlement, Picard (West) Island)]] ''[[Aldabra]]'' <ref name="Aldabra"/>||[[January]] [[1968]]
| align=right |'''36.3'''|| [[Picard Island|Settlement, Picard (West) Island]] ''[[Aldabra]]'' <ref name="Aldabra"/>||[[January]] [[1968]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}18.8</span>|| [[Picard Island|Settlement, Picard (West) Island)]] ''[[Aldabra]]'' <ref name="Aldabra"/>|| ||[[August]] [[1971]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}19.8</span>|| [[Picard Island|Research Station (La Gigi), Picard (West) Island]] ''[[Aldabra]]'' <ref name="Aldabra"/>|| ||[[August]] [[1974]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}35.9</span> ||[[Picard Island|Research Station (La Gigi), Picard (West) Island)]] ''[[Aldabra]]'' <ref name="Aldabra"/>||[[January]] [[1973]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}35.9</span> ||[[Picard Island|Research Station (La Gigi), Picard (West) Island]] ''[[Aldabra]]'' <ref name="Aldabra"/>||[[January]] [[1973]]
|-
|-


Line 556: Line 559:


|rowspan="4" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{SLE}}'''
|rowspan="4" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{SLE}}'''
| align=right rowspan="3"|'''5.0'''||rowspan="3"|[[Kabala,_Sierra_Leone|Kabala]] <ref>[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=4T4iAQAAMAAJ&q=batkanu+temperature&dq=batkanu+temperature&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y Bulletin of Entomological Research, 1914], Google Books Search Engine. Retrieved 28 May 2017.</ref>|| align=right rowspan="3"|435||rowspan="3"|before [[1915]]
| align=right rowspan="3"|'''5.0'''||rowspan="3"|[[Kabala,_Sierra_Leone|Kabala]] <ref>[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=4T4iAQAAMAAJ&q=batkanu+temperature&dq=batkanu+temperature&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y Bulletin of Entomological Research, 1914], Google Books Search Engine. Retrieved 10 January 2022.</ref>|| align=right rowspan="3"|435||rowspan="3"|before [[1915]]
| align=right rowspan="3"|'''39.4'''||[[Njala]] <ref>[https://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&q=njala+103f+temperature Google Books Search Engine], Google Books (Summary of report [with extracts], 1937). Retrieved 14 June 2017.</ref><ref name="SLE1"/><ref name="SLE2"/>||[[1935]]-[[1937]]
| align=right rowspan="3"|'''39.4'''||[[Njala]] <ref>[https://www.google.com.au/books/edition/Summary_of_Report_with_Extracts/nCAiAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=103&dq=njala+temperature+103&printsec=frontcover Google Books Search Engine], Google Books (Summary of report [with extracts], 1937). Retrieved 14 June 2017.</ref><ref name="SLE1"/><ref name="SLE2"/>||[[1935]]-[[1937]]
|-
|-
|[[Marampa]] <ref name="SLE1"/><ref name="SLE2"/>||[[1941]]–[[1950]]
|[[Marampa]] <ref name="SLE1"/><ref name="SLE2"/>||[[1941]]–[[1950]]
|-
|-
| [[Makeni]] <ref name="SLE1">[http://library.wur.nl/isric/fulltext/isricu_i00003742_001.pdf The Soils and Geography of the Bolilands of Sierra Leone], Wageningen University and Research. Retrieved 17 May 2017.</ref><ref name="SLE2">40°C reported at a number of places including [[Njala]] and [[Daru]], and 39.4°C reported at [[Yengema]] have not been confirmed.</ref>||[[1942]]–[[1950]]
| [[Makeni]] <ref name="SLE1">[https://edepot.wur.nl/480759 The Soils and Geography of the Bolilands of Sierra Leone], Wageningen University and Research. Retrieved 10 January 2022.</ref><ref name="SLE2">40°C reported at a number of places including [[Njala]] and [[Daru]], and 39.4°C reported at [[Yengema]] have not been confirmed.</ref>||[[1942]]–[[1950]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}10.0</span> || [[Kabala,_Sierra_Leone|Kabala]] <ref name="GSOD"/>|| align=right |435 || [[22 January]] [[1976]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}10.0</span> || [[Kabala,_Sierra_Leone|Kabala]] <ref name="GSOD"/>|| align=right |435 || [[22 January]] [[1976]]
Line 576: Line 579:


| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"|{{SOM}}
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"|{{SOM}}
| align=right |5.6||[[Qardho]] ''[[Kaarkaar|Kaarkaar province]]'' <ref>[http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_632250_kt.pdf Klimatafel von Gardo / Somalia], Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD). Retrieved 8 May 2017.</ref>|| align=right |810||[[1953]]-[[1958]]
| align=right |5.6||[[Qardho]] ''[[Kaarkaar|Kaarkaar province]]'' <ref>[http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_632250_kt.pdf Klimatafel von Gardo / Somalia], Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD). Retrieved 10 January 2022.</ref>|| align=right |810||[[1953]]-[[1958]]
| align=right |45.3||[[Bosaso|Boosaaso (Bosaso; Bandar Qasim)]] ''[[Bari,_Somalia|Bari province]]'' <ref>[http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_632100_kt.pdf Klimatafel von Bosaso (Bender Cassim) / Somalia], Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD). Retrieved 8 May 2017.</ref><ref name="SOM"/>||[[1934]]-[[1958]]
| align=right |45.3||[[Bosaso|Boosaaso (Bosaso; Bandar Qasim)]] ''[[Bari,_Somalia|Bari province]]'' <ref>[http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_632100_kt.pdf Klimatafel von Bosaso (Bender Cassim) / Somalia], Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD). Retrieved 10 January 2022.</ref><ref name="SOM"/>||[[1934]]-[[1958]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}14.2</span> ||[[Bosaso|Boosaaso (Bosaso; Bandar Qasim)]] ''[[Bari,_Somalia|Bari province]]'' <ref name="GSOD"/>|| ||[[31 January]] [[2005]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}14.2</span> ||[[Bosaso|Boosaaso (Bosaso; Bandar Qasim)]] ''[[Bari,_Somalia|Bari province]]'' <ref name="GSOD"/>|| ||[[31 January]] [[2005]]
Line 591: Line 594:


| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{RSA}}'''
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{RSA}}'''
| align=right |'''-20.1'''||[[Buffelsfontein]] (near [[Molteno]]) ''[[Eastern_Cape|Eastern Cape province]]'' <ref>[http://mybroadband.co.za/vb/attachment.php?attachmentid=76495&d=1381902030 New Minimum Temperature Record for South Africa], South African Weather Service. Retrieved 13 June 2014.</ref>|| align=right |1275||[[23 August]] [[2013]]
| align=right |'''-20.1'''||[[Buffelsfontein]] (near [[Molteno]]) ''[[Eastern_Cape|Eastern Cape province]]'' <ref>[https://www.news24.com/News24/sa-gripped-by-cold-temperatures-20160623 SA gripped by cold temperatures], News24. Retrieved 4 January 2022.</ref>|| align=right |1275||[[23 August]] [[2013]]
| align=right |'''48.8'''||[[Vioolsdrif]] ''[[Northern_Cape|Northern Cape province]]'' <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?lr=&cd=1&as_brr=0&id=SMdzAAAAMAAJ&dq=vioolsdrif+1993+intitle%3Ayearbook&q=vioolsdrif#search_anchor South Africa Yearbook, 1997], Google Books Search Engine. Retrieved 7 April 2010.</ref><ref>51.7°C reported in [[1948]] near [[Upington]] ''[[Northern_Cape|Northern Cape province]]'' is unreliable. 51.6°C on [[28 January]] [[1903]] and 50.8°C in [[November]] [[1904]] reported at [[Main,_South_Africa|Main]] (near [[Tsomo]]) ''[[Eastern_Cape_Province|Eastern Cape province]]'' are unreliable. 50.3°C reported in [[1928]] at [[Kirkwood,_Eastern_Cape|Kirkwood]] ''[[Eastern_Cape_Province|Eastern Cape province]]'' is unreliable. 50.0°C reported on [[3 November]] [[1918]] and 49.9°C in [[January]] [[1925]] at [[Dunbrody,_Eastern_Cape|Dunbrody]] ''[[Eastern_Cape_Province|Eastern Cape province]]'' is probably unreliable.</ref>||[[3 January]] [[1993]]
| align=right |'''48.8'''||[[Vioolsdrif]] ''[[Northern_Cape|Northern Cape province]]'' <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?lr=&cd=1&as_brr=0&id=SMdzAAAAMAAJ&dq=vioolsdrif+1993+intitle%3Ayearbook&q=vioolsdrif#search_anchor South Africa Yearbook, 1997], Google Books Search Engine. Retrieved 4 January 2022.</ref><ref>51.7°C reported in [[1948]] near [[Upington]] ''[[Northern_Cape|Northern Cape province]]'' is unreliable. 51.6°C on [[28 January]] [[1903]] and 50.8°C in [[November]] [[1904]] reported at [[Main,_South_Africa|Main]] (near [[Tsomo]]) ''[[Eastern_Cape_Province|Eastern Cape province]]'' are unreliable. 50.3°C reported in [[1928]] at [[Kirkwood,_Eastern_Cape|Kirkwood]] ''[[Eastern_Cape_Province|Eastern Cape province]]'' is unreliable. 50.0°C reported on [[3 November]] [[1918]] and 49.9°C in [[January]] [[1925]] at [[Dunbrody,_Eastern_Cape|Dunbrody]] ''[[Eastern_Cape_Province|Eastern Cape province]]'' are probably unreliable.</ref>||[[3 January]] [[1993]]


|-
|-


| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{SSD}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{SSD}}'''
| align=right |'''3.6'''||[[Raga,_Sudan|Raga]] ''[[Lol_State|Lol state]]'' <ref name="SSD">[ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-I/SU/62871.TXT WMO Normals, Raga (Station 62871)], NOAA. Retrieved 8 July 2018.</ref>|| align=right |545||[[28 December]] [[1961]]
| align=right |'''3.6'''||[[Raga,_Sudan|Raga]] ''[[Lol_State|Lol state]]'' <ref name="SSD">[ http://geodata.lib.ncsu.edu/fedgov/noaa/clino/TABLES/REG__I/SU/62871.TXT WMO Normals, Raga (Station 62871)], NOAA. Retrieved 4 January 2022.</ref>|| align=right |545||[[28 December]] [[1961]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''47.3'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Renk,_South_Sudan|ar-Rank (Renk)]] ''[[Eastern_Nile_State|Eastern Nile state]]'' <ref>[ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-I/SU/62801.TXT WMO Normals, Renk (Station 62801)], NOAA. Retrieved 13 August 2017.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[19 March]] [[1985]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''47.3'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Renk,_South_Sudan|ar-Rank (Renk)]] ''[[Eastern_Nile_State|Eastern Nile state]]'' <ref>[http://geodata.lib.ncsu.edu/fedgov/noaa/clino/TABLES/REG__I/SU/62801.TXT WMO Normals, Renk (Station 62801)], NOAA. Retrieved 4 January 2022.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[19 March]] [[1985]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}4.2</span> ||[[Raga,_Sudan|Raga]] ''[[Lol_State|Lol state]]'' <ref name="SSD"/>|| align=right |545 ||[[18 January]] [[1989]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}4.2</span> ||[[Raga,_Sudan|Raga]] ''[[Lol_State|Lol state]]'' <ref name="SSD"/>|| align=right |545 ||[[18 January]] [[1989]]
Line 605: Line 608:


| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{SUD}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{SUD}}'''
| align=right |'''-1'''||[[Zalingei]] ''[[Central_Darfur|Wasaṭ Dārfūr (Central Darfur) state]]'' <ref name="SUD">[https://web.archive.org/web/20170810063308/http://www.fao.org/ag/AGP/AGPC/doc/counprof/sudan/sudan.htm Country Pasture Forage Resource Profiles, Sudan], Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Originally retrieved 27 July 2007. Archived 10 August 2017.</ref><ref>-2.0°C reported at [[Wadi_Halfa|Wādī Ḥalfā]] ''[[Northern,_Sudan|ash-Shamālīyah (Northern) state]]'' on [[26 December]] [[1917]] is unreliable.</ref>|| align=right |900||[[December]] [[1961]]<br> [[January]] [[1962]]
| align=right |'''-1'''||[[Zalingei]] ''[[Central_Darfur|Wasaṭ Dārfūr (Central Darfur) state]]'' <ref name="SUD">[https://web.archive.org/web/20170810063308/http://www.fao.org/ag/AGP/AGPC/doc/counprof/sudan/sudan.htm Country Pasture Forage Resource Profiles, Sudan], Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Retrieved 4 January 2022. Archived 10 August 2017.</ref><ref>-2.0°C reported at [[Wadi_Halfa|Wādī Ḥalfā]] ''[[Northern,_Sudan|ash-Shamālīyah (Northern) state]]'' on [[26 December]] [[1917]] is unreliable.</ref>|| align=right |900||[[December]] [[1961]]<br> [[January]] [[1962]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''49.6'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Dongola|Dunqulah (Dongola)]] ''[[Northern_state,_Sudan|ash-Shamālīyah (Northern) state]]'' <ref name="OGIMET"/><ref>M.A. Hassab Eldayem, Sudan Meteorological Authority reports this reading as 49.7°C.</ref><ref>Temperatures as high as 52.8°C reported at [[Wadi_Halfa|Wādī Ḥalfā’]] ''[[Northern,_Sudan|ash-Shamālīyah (Northern) state]]'' are unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[22 June]] [[2010]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''49.6'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Dongola|Dunqulah (Dongola)]] ''[[Northern_state,_Sudan|ash-Shamālīyah (Northern) state]]'' <ref name="OGIMET"/><ref>M.A. Hassab Eldayem, Sudan Meteorological Authority reports this reading as 49.7°C.</ref><ref>Temperatures as high as 52.8°C reported at [[Wadi_Halfa|Wādī Ḥalfā’]] ''[[Northern,_Sudan|ash-Shamālīyah (Northern) state]]'' are unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[22 June]] [[2010]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}1.0</span> ||[[Dongola|Dunqulah (Dongola)]] ''[[Northern_state,_Sudan|ash-Shamālīyah (Northern) state]]'' <ref>[ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-I/SU/62650.TXT WMO Normals, Dongolah (Station 62650)], NOAA. Retrieved 4 April 2019.</ref>||align=right|235 ||[[9 February]] [[1982]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}1.0</span> ||[[Dongola|Dunqulah (Dongola)]] ''[[Northern_state,_Sudan|ash-Shamālīyah (Northern) state]]'' <ref>[http://geodata.lib.ncsu.edu/fedgov/noaa/clino/TABLES/REG__I/SU/62650.TXT WMO Normals, Dongolah (Station 62650)], NOAA. Retrieved 4 January 2022.</ref>||align=right|235 ||[[9 February]] [[1982]]


|-
|-


| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{TAN}}'''
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{TAN}}'''
| align=right |'''-5.5'''||[[Mbeya]] <ref>[http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/napa/tza01.pdf National Adaptation Programme of Action], United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Retrieved 3 December 2012.</ref><ref>Climatology and Climate Change Section, Tanzania Meteorological Agency.</ref><ref>Tanzania Meteorological Agency.<ref>-8.0°C reported at Mbeya on [[20 June]] [[1974]], although regarded as an official reading is probably unreliable. Temperatures on the summit of [[Kilimanjaro]] (elevation 5895 m) may approach -20°C.</ref>|| align=right |1760||[[28 July]] [[1975]]
| align=right |'''-5.5'''||[[Mbeya]] <ref>[http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/napa/tza01.pdf National Adaptation Programme of Action], United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Retrieved 4 January 2022.</ref><ref>Climatology and Climate Change Section, Tanzania Meteorological Agency.</ref><ref>Tanzania Meteorological Agency.<ref>-8.0°C reported at Mbeya on [[20 June]] [[1974]], although regarded as an official reading is probably unreliable. Temperatures on the summit of [[Kilimanjaro]] (elevation 5895 m) may approach -20°C.</ref>|| align=right |1760||[[28 July]] [[1975]]
| align=right |'''39.4'''||[[Kisauni Airport]] ''[[Zanzibar]]'' <ref name="TuTiempo"/><ref>39.8°C may have been recorded in the [[Dodoma_Region|Dodoma Region]] on [[10 February]] [[1999]].</ref>||[[27 February]] [[2007]]
| align=right |'''39.4'''||[[Kisauni Airport]] ''[[Zanzibar]]'' <ref name="TuTiempo"/><ref>39.8°C may have been recorded in the [[Dodoma_Region|Dodoma Region]] on [[10 February]] [[1999]].</ref>||[[27 February]] [[2007]]


Line 626: Line 629:
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{TUN}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{TUN}}'''
| align=right |'''-10.3'''||[[Bū Shabakah|Bū Shabakah (Bou Chebka)]] ''[[Kasserine_Governorate|al-Qaṣrayn (Kasserine) governorate]]'' <ref>[http://www.bnt.nat.tn:81/numerisation/periodiques/fr/E-Per-2850/1891.pdf Bulletin Mensuel No. 1 Janvier 1891], Service Météorologique de la Tunisie (in French; ''Monthly Bulletin No. 1, January 1891''. Retrieved 18 February 2021.</ref>|| align=right |1130||[[17 January]] [[1891]]
| align=right |'''-10.3'''||[[Bū Shabakah|Bū Shabakah (Bou Chebka)]] ''[[Kasserine_Governorate|al-Qaṣrayn (Kasserine) governorate]]'' <ref>[http://www.bnt.nat.tn:81/numerisation/periodiques/fr/E-Per-2850/1891.pdf Bulletin Mensuel No. 1 Janvier 1891], Service Météorologique de la Tunisie (in French; ''Monthly Bulletin No. 1, January 1891''. Retrieved 18 February 2021.</ref>|| align=right |1130||[[17 January]] [[1891]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''50.1'''|| rowspan="2" |[[El_Borma,_Tunisia|al-Burmah (El Borma)]] ''[[Tataouine_Governorate|Taṭāwīn (Tataouine) governorate]]'' <ref name="TuTiempo"/><ref>Temperatures up to 55°C reported in the desert areas of Tunisia before [[1950]] are unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[26 July]] [[2005]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''50.3'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Kairouan|al-Qiyrwān (Kairouan)]] ''[[Kairouan_Governorate|al-Qiyrwān (Kairouan) governorate]]'' <ref name="OGIMET"/><ref>Temperatures up to 55°C reported in the desert areas of Tunisia before [[1950]] are unreliable.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[11 August]] [[2021]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}-8.4</span> ||[[Thala,_Tunisia|Tāla]] ''[[Kasserine_Governorate|al-Qaṣrayn (Kasserine) governorate]]'' <ref>[http://lodel.irevues.inist.fr/climatologie/index.php?id=477 Les paroxysmes climato-thermiques en Tunisie : approche méthodologique et étude de cas], Climatologie (in French; ''Climatological-heat paroxysms in Tunisia: methodological approach and case study''). Retrieved 25 February 2020.</ref>||align=right|1090 ||[[9 January]] [[1981]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}-8.4</span> ||[[Thala,_Tunisia|Tāla]] ''[[Kasserine_Governorate|al-Qaṣrayn (Kasserine) governorate]]'' <ref>[http://lodel.irevues.inist.fr/climatologie/index.php?id=477 Les paroxysmes climato-thermiques en Tunisie : approche méthodologique et étude de cas], Climatologie (in French; ''Climatological-heat paroxysms in Tunisia: methodological approach and case study''). Retrieved 25 February 2020.</ref>||align=right|1090 ||[[9 January]] [[1981]]
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| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{UGA}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{UGA}}'''
| align=right |'''2.8'''||[[Kabale]] <ref>[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd033_pdf/00731B0B.pdf Meteorological Observations, 1936], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 6 August 2007.</ref><ref>-7.7°C has been reported at high altitude in the [[Rwenzori Mountains]].</ref>|| align=right |1870||[[15 August]] [[1936]]
| align=right |'''2.8'''||[[Kabale]] <ref>[ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/cd033_pdf/00731B0B.pdf Meteorological Observations, 1936], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 6 August 2007.</ref><ref>-7.7°C has been reported at high altitude in the [[Rwenzori Mountains]].</ref>|| align=right |1870||[[15 August]] [[1936]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''39.5'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Wadelai]] <ref>[https://www.unma.go.ug/index.php/dekadals Dekadal Agrometeorological Bulletin Period: 1st – 10th March 2016 (Dekad 1 for March 2016)], Uganda National Meteorological Authority. Retrieved 21 August 2016.</ref><ref>43.3°C reported at Wadelai in [[1905]] is unreliable. 40.1°C reported at [[Soroti]] on [[5 February]] and [[6 February]] [[1949]] is probably unreliable. 40°C has been reported in the [[Kitgum_District|Kitgum district]] in [[2005]], but further details are not available.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[11 February]] -<br> [[20 February]] [[2016]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''39.5'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Wadelai]] <ref>[https://www.unma.go.ug/index.php/dekadals Dekadal Agrometeorological Bulletin Period: 1st – 10th March 2016 (Dekad 1 for March 2016)], Uganda National Meteorological Authority. Retrieved 21 August 2016. {{Dead link|date=January 2022}}</ref><ref>43.3°C reported at Wadelai in [[1905]] is unreliable. 40.1°C reported at [[Soroti]] on [[5 February]] and [[6 February]] [[1949]] is probably unreliable. 40°C has been reported in the [[Kitgum_District|Kitgum district]] in [[2005]], but further details are not available.</ref>|| rowspan="2" |[[11 February]] -<br> [[20 February]] [[2016]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}5.0</span> ||[[Kabale]] <ref name="GSOD"/>|| align=right |1870 ||[[20 July]] [[1978]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}5.0</span> ||[[Kabale]] <ref name="GSOD"/>|| align=right |1870 ||[[20 July]] [[1978]]
Line 652: Line 655:


| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{ZAM}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{ZAM}}'''
| align=right rowspan="2" |'''-9.0'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Choma]] ''[[Southern_Province,_Zambia|Southern province]]'' <ref name="ZAM">Zambia Meteorological Service.</ref>|| align=right rowspan="2" |1280|| rowspan="2" |[[27 June]] [[2011]]
| align=right rowspan="2" |'''-9.0'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Choma]] ''[[Southern_Province,_Zambia|Southern province]]'' <ref name="ZAM">Zambia Meteorological Service.</ref>|| align=right rowspan="2" |1265|| rowspan="2" |[[27 June]] [[2011]]
| align=right |'''44.4'''||[[Luangwa]] ''[[Lusaka_Province|Lusaka province]]'' <ref>[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89099045205&view=1up&seq=5 Weather Summary for H.O. Pub. No. 264; Naval Air Pilot, South Africa (including Madagascar and Mauritius); (Washington, Hydrographic Office, U. S. Navy Dept., 1947)], HathiTrust Digital Library. Retrieved 31 January 2019.</ref><ref name="ZAM2"/>||before [[1944]]
| align=right |'''44.4'''||[[Luangwa]] ''[[Lusaka_Province|Lusaka province]]'' <ref>[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=cs4ZAAAAIAAJ&pg=RA14-PA5&lpg=RA14-PA5&dq=feira+%22highest+temperature%22+%22northern+rhodesia%22&source=bl&ots=s19PRDUT88&sig=ACfU3U1W44O2p3Gh2ZCjh9uMz8W4UOC60g&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRoP-q3J_1AhUG7HMBHdE7BEwQ6AF6BAgDEAM#v=onepage&q=feira%20%22highest%20temperature%22%20%22northern%20rhodesia%22&f=false Annual Report on the Social and Economic Progress of the People of Northern Rhodesia, 1932], Google Book Search Engine. Retrieved 7 January 2022.</ref>||[[1932]]
|-
|-
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}43.5||[[Mfuwe]] ''[[Eastern_Province,_Zambia|Eastern province]]'' <ref name="ZAM"/><ref name="ZAM2">46.4°C reported at [[Lusitu]] ''[[Southern_Province,_Zambia|Southern province]]'' on [[22 November]] [[1990]] is unreliable.</ref>||[[1 November]] [[2011]]
| align=right |<span style="color:gray;">{{ref|reference_name_†50|†50}}43.5||[[Mfuwe]] ''[[Eastern_Province,_Zambia|Eastern province]]'' <ref name="ZAM"/><ref name="ZAM2">46.4°C reported at [[Lusitu]] ''[[Southern_Province,_Zambia|Southern province]]'' on [[22 November]] [[1990]] is unreliable.</ref>||[[1 November]] [[2011]]
Line 660: Line 663:


| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{ZIM}}'''
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;"|'''{{ZIM}}'''
| align=right |'''-12.7'''||[[Matobo National Park| Matopos]] ''[[Matabeleland_South|Matabeleland South province]]'' <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=pJyFAAAAIAAJ&q=matopos+beitbridge+sayce+1987&dq=matopos+beitbridge+sayce+1987&hl=en&sa=X&ei=8wpTT6bMA62TiAe029SPAQ&redir_esc=y Zimbabwe’s Environmental Dilemma: Balancing Resource Inequities], Google Book Search Engine. Retrieved 15 April 2017.</ref><ref>Range of dates is believed to be correct.</ref><ref>The date is believed to be correct: On the same day, a ground minimum temperature of -14.0°C was recorded here.</ref>|| align=right |1350||[[13 June]] [[1968]]
| align=right |'''-12.7'''||[[Matobo National Park| Matopos]] ''[[Matabeleland_South|Matabeleland South province]]'' <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=pJyFAAAAIAAJ&q=matopos+beitbridge+sayce+1987&dq=matopos+beitbridge+sayce+1987&hl=en&sa=X&ei=8wpTT6bMA62TiAe029SPAQ&redir_esc=y Zimbabwe’s Environmental Dilemma: Balancing Resource Inequities], Google Book Search Engine. Retrieved 9 January 2022.</ref><ref>The date is believed to be correct: On the same day, a ground minimum temperature of -14.0°C was recorded here.</ref>|| align=right |1350||[[13 June]] [[1968]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''47.6'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Buffalo Range Airport]] ''[[Masvingo_Province|Masvingo province]]'' <ref>[https://www.herald.co.zw/record-breaking-temperatures-for-chiredzi-west-nicholson/ Record-breaking temperatures for Chiredzi, West Nicholson], The Herald. Retrieved 30 January 2020.</ref><ref>The date is believed to be correct.</ref>|| rowspan="2" | [[28 October]] [[2019]]
| rowspan="2" align=right |'''47.6'''|| rowspan="2" |[[Buffalo Range Airport]] ''[[Masvingo_Province|Masvingo province]]'' <ref>[https://www.herald.co.zw/record-breaking-temperatures-for-chiredzi-west-nicholson/ Record-breaking temperatures for Chiredzi, West Nicholson], The Herald. Retrieved 30 January 2020.</ref><ref>The date is believed to be correct.</ref>|| rowspan="2" | [[28 October]] [[2019]]
|-
|-

Revision as of 08:56, 15 January 2022

The following table lists records of extreme temperature in territories of Africa. The elevation in metres above sea level of locations reporting record minimum temperatures is given where relevant.

Territory Lowest Temperature Highest Temperature
T°C Place Elev. (m) Date T °C Place Date
Africa -24.1 Ussikis  Marokko 2100 11 February 1935 51.3 Warqlā (Ouargla)  Algerien 5 July 2018
†50-20.1 Buffelsfontein  Südafrika 1275 23 August 2013
 Algerien -20.0 Bātnah Bātnah province [1] 1030 4 January 1945 51.3 Warqlā (Ouargla) Warqlā (Ouargla) province [2][3] 5 July 2018
†50-14 Mīshrīyah (Mécheria) Na’āmah (Naâma) province [4] 1125 28 January 2005
 Angola -3.9 Mavinga Cuanda Cubango province [5][6] 1090 15 June 1968 41.6 Espinheira Namibe province [7][8] 22 March 2019
†50-1.7 Tchivinguiro Huíla province [7][6] 1660 26 June 2015
 Benin 8.5 Kandi [9] 290 12 January 1957 43.9 Kandi [9][10] 19 April 1983
†5010.0 Kandi [9] 290 22 January 1975
28 December 1977
 Botswana -10.6 Tsabong [11][12] 1000 30 July 1953 44.3 Ramotswa [7] 7 January 2016
†50-9.7 Werda [7] 1030 22 July 2021
Norwegen Bouvet Island (Bouvetøya) (Nor.) -18.7 Bouvet Island (Nyrøysa) [2][13] 8 September 2005
9 September 2005 		10.6 Bouvet Island (Nyrøysa) [2][14] 12 December 2004
13 December 2004
13 March 2005
 Burkina Faso 5.0 Markoye [15][16] 305 January 1975 47.5 Dori [9][17] 13 May 2016
 Burundi -0.9 Gisozi [18][19] 2140 July 1956 37.5 Mparambo [20] 10 October 1969
11 October 1974
†500.0 Nyamuswaga (near Ngozi) [20] 1530 6 August 1986
7 August 1986
8 August 1986
 Kamerun 3.7 Ngaoundéré Adamawa region [21][22] 1115 19 January 1892 45.9 Maroua Far North region [23][24] May 1937
†504.0 Ngaoundéré Adamawa region [5][22] 1115 22 January 1989 †5045.5 Maroua Far North region [5] 3 April 1998
 Canary Islands (Sp.) -4.0 Cruz de Tejeda Gran Canaria [25][26] 855 21 January 1997 48 Arrecife Lanzarote [27][28][29] 20 July 1953
†5047.0 Sabinar-Lomo Negro El Hierro [25][29] 24 August 1986
 Kap Verde 5.0 Monte Velha Fogo [30][31] 1350 March 1943 37.3 Praia Santiago [2][32] 2 September 2004
†5010.0 Amílcar Cabral Airport Sal [5][31] 1 February 1986
 Zentralafrikanische Republik 3.1 Birao [9] 465 19 January 1956 45 Birao [33] 22 March 1985
†504.3 Yalinga [5] 600 27 December 1983
 Ceuta (Sp.) -0.4 Monte Hacho [34] 205 5 January 1941 40.2 Ceuta [34] 30 July 2009
†501.3 Ceuta [34] 27 January 2005
 Tschad -5 War (Wour) Tibesti region [35][36] 765 1933-1934 47.6 Faya-Largeau (Faya) Borkou region [2][37] 22 June 2010
†502.5 Faya-Largeau (Faya) Borkou region [5] 235 25 January 2008
 Komoren 13.6 Moroni Ngazidja (Grande Comore) [38] before 2000 36.0 Hahaya Airport Ngazidja (Grande Comore) [39] 15 November 2017
23 November 2019
 Democratic Republic of the Congo -2.8 Kisanga Haut-Katanga province [40][41] 1175 August 1955 40.6 Kulu Bas-Uélé province [42][43] 22 March 1936
†506.0 Lubumbashi (Luano) Airport Haut-Katanga province [9] 1310 28 June 2006 †5039.4 Gemena Sud-Ubangi province [39] 29 March 2011
 Republic of the Congo 8.9 Sibiti [9] 530 28 July 1954 39.2 Mpouya [2][44] 8 March 2011
†5010.0 Ouésso [39] 350 13 January 2015
 Dschibuti 11.0 Dikhil [5] 490 18 December 2010 47.3 Jībūtī (Djibouti-Serpent) [23][45] July 1915
†5047.0 Jībūtī (Djibouti) Airport (Ambouli) [5][46] 14 July 2009
17 July 2017
Camp Lemonnier (Ambouli) [5] 14 July 2009
26 July 2009
 Ägypten (Africa, excluding Sinai Peninsula) -3.9 ad-Dākhilah (Dakhla Oasis) al-Wādi al-Jadid (New Valley) governorate [9][47] 110 14 January 1966
15 January 1966 		50.3 al-Khārījah (Kharga Oasis) al-Wādi al-Jadid (New Valley) governorate [48][49] 9 June 1961
†50-1.9 Sīwah (Siwa Oasis) Maṭrūḥ governorate [39] 15 December 1990 †5050.0 al-Uqṣur (Luxor)  al-Uqṣur (Luxor) governorate [5] 15 May 1991
al-Khārījah (Kharga Oasis) al-Wādi al-Jadid (New Valley) governorate [5] 15 May 1991
31 July 2002
 Äquatorial-Guinea 8 Valle de Moka Bioko Sur province [50] 1200 35.6 Bata Litoral province [51][52] February
1956-1965
†5035.5 Bata Litoral province [2][52] 18 March 2015
 Eritrea -4.0 Asmara Airport [5] 2325 22 January 1989 48.0 Massawa [9][53] 18 August 1960
†5046.0 Massawa [9] 15 June 1981
16 June 1981
 Eswatini -6.1 Mbabane [54][55] 1145 22 July 1957 47.4 Lavumisa [56][57] January 1951-1986
†50-4.5 Mbabane [58] 1145 21 June 1976
 Äthiopien -8 Debre Birhan Amhara region [59][60] 2300 10 December 2013 48.9 Dallol Afar region [61] May 1962
July 1966
†5048.6 Elidar Afar region [62] 28 August 2019
 French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Fr.) †O [63] -9.5 Port-aux-Français Kerguelen [2] 11 August 2014 35.6 Station des Rosiers Europa Island [64][65] 12 November 2011
French Southern and Antarctic Lands Amsterdam Island and Saint Paul Island (Îles Saint Paul et Amsterdam) 1.8 Martin-de-Viviès Amsterdam Island (Île Amsterdam) [66][67] 31 July 1964 26.4 Martin-de-Viviès Amsterdam Island (Île Amsterdam) [5] 30 January 2005
†502.8 Martin-de-Viviès Amsterdam Island (Île Amsterdam) [5] 14 August 1995
French Southern and Antarctic Lands Bassas da India 15 [68] 34 [68]
French Southern and Antarctic Lands Crozet Islands (Archipel Crozet) -6.6 Alfred-Faure Possession Island (Île de la Possession) [69] 7 September 2006 23.6 Alfred-Faure Possession Island (Île de la Possession) [70] 9 January 1997
French Southern and Antarctic Lands Europa Island (Île Europa) 13.8 Station des Rosiers [71][72][73] 22 August 1984
22 July 1985 		35.6 Station des Rosiers Europa Island [64][74] 12 November 2011
French Southern and Antarctic Lands Glorioso Islands (Îles Glorieuses) 15.9 Gérard Martin Grande Glorieuse [75] 26 July 1971 35.1 Gérard Martin Grande Glorieuse [76][77] 10 April 1985
16 March 1987
†5016.8 Gérard Martin Grande Glorieuse [78][79] 18 July 2001
8 July 2013
French Southern and Antarctic Lands Juan de Nova Island (Île Juan de Nova) 18.2 La Goulette [80][81] 26 July 2011 35.4 La Goulette [82][83] 24 December 2019
French Southern and Antarctic Lands Kerguelen Islands (Archipel des Kerguelen) -9.5 Port-aux-Français La Grande Terre [2] 11 August 2014 23.0 Port-aux-Français La Grande Terre [84][5] 30 January 1959
7 April 1985
French Southern and Antarctic Lands Tromelin Island (Île Tromelin) 17.4 Serge-Frolow [85] 12 July 1964 34.9 Serge-Frolow [2] 8 February 2017
10 February 2017
†5018.5 Serge-Frolow [5] 23 July 1992
 Gabun 10.0 Mékambo [9] 545 30 July 1964 37.5 Tchibanga [2] 6 May 2008
†5011.6 Mékambo [9] 545 6 July 1974
 Gambia 7.2 Banjul Airport (Yundum) [86][87] 12 January 1947 46.8 Jenoi [88] 14 April 2000
†508.6 Janjanbureh (Georgetown) [39] 30 December 2014 Kuntaur [64] 14 May 2002
 Ghana 6.6 Bui [89] 250 before 1967 44.0 Navrongo [64][90] 6 April 2020
†5014.5 Navrongo [39] 205 12 December 2002
 Guinea 1.4 Mali-ville Labé region [91] 1530 17 January - 26 January 2009 45.0 Koundara Boké region [2][92] 28 April 2003
29 March 2017
 Guinea-Bissau 7.0 Farim [93] 31 January 1961 43.6 Bafatá [94] 18 March 1969
†5012.0 Bafatá [5] 14 December 1974 †5043.5 Bafatá [5] 1 May 2016
 Heard Island und McDonald Islands (Aus.) -11.5 Spit Bay Heard Island [2] 23 August 2014 26.1 Spit Bay Heard Island [95] 1 March 2013
 Ivory Coast 6.0 Man [9] 330 10 January 1957
11 January 1957 		41.5 Odienné [9] 5 February 1998
†508.0 Man [5] 330 23 January 1975
23 January 1976
5 January 1981
Odienné [5] 420 26 December 1978
 Kenia -3.3 Ettrick Estate (near Eldama Ravine) [96][97] 2100 before 1974 42.6 Wajir [33] 24 February 2007
 Lesotho -20.4 Letšeng-la-Draai (Letšeng-la-Terae) [98][99] 3050 12 June 1967 39.4 Maseru [100][101] 19 January 1973
†50-16.9 Oxbow [102] 2590 24 July 1975
 Liberia 4.4 Voinjama [103][104] 550 before 1969 40.0 Ganta [103][105] before 1969
†508.1 Tokadeh [106][107] 460 Tapeta [108][105] before 1973
 Libyen -9.0 Hūn al-Jufrah district [109][110] 265 10 January 1938 50.2 Zuwārah Nuqāṭ al-Ḫams district [111] 26 June 1995
†50-8.0 Hūn al-Jufrah district [5] 265 11 January 1981
 Madagaskar -8.5 Nanokely Vakinankaratra region [112][113][114] 2020 23 July 1963
August 1964 		43.6 Ejeda Atsimo-Andrefana region [115][116] before 2004
†50-2.9 Antsirabe Vakinankaratra region [9] 1530 1 July 1996
 Madeira (Port.) -9.5 Bica da Cana [117][118] 1560 5 March 1993 39.0 Sanatório do Monte (Funchal) [117] 18 August 1976
 Malawi -6.7 Chelinda (Nyika National Park) Rumphi district [119][120][121] 2300 July 1975 46 Chingala Chikwawa district [120][122] November 1969
Nkate (near Mbewe) Thyolo district [120][122] November 1969
November 1972
Nsanje Nsanje district [123] 29 October 2019
 Mali 0.5 Kidal Kidal region [124] 460 1 February 1928 48.2 Gao Gao region [5][125] 30 May 1988
†503.0 Tessalit Kidal region [9] 235 11 January 1976
 Mauretanien 1.0 Bī’r Umm Qawayn (Bir Moghrein) Tiris Zemmour region [9][126] 360 27 December 1946
31 December 1946 		50.0 Aqjawajat (Akjoujt) Inchiri region [23][127] 27 July 1939
†503.0 Bī’r Umm Qawayn (Bir Moghrein) Tiris Zemmour region [9] 360 11 January 1976 †5049.1 Bī’r Umm Qawayn (Bir Moghrein) Tiris Zemmour region [5] 6 August 1998
 Mauritius 6.5 Belle Rive Quartier Militaire town [128][129] 490 20 July 1986 36.6 Constance [130][131] 30 January 2009
Mauritius Agaléga 16.8 Agaléga (North Island) [39] 4 September 2013 35.1 Agaléga (North Island) [9] 17 January 1994
Mauritius Cargados Carajos Shoals (Saint Brandon Rocks) 15.9 Île Raphael [9] 22 June 1958 35.6 Île Raphael [5][132] 19 January 2020
†5016.4 Île Raphael [9] 24 July 1980
 Rodrigues 14.5 Port Mathurin (Point Canon) [9] 20 July 1968 34.1 Port Mathurin (Point Canon) [2] 18 March 2016
†5015.3 Port Mathurin (Point Canon) [9] 14 August 1972
 Mayotte (Fr.) 14.5 Vahibé Prima Mamoudzou commune [133] 190 13 July 2010 36.4 Trévani Koungou commune [133] 14 April 2020
 Melilla (Sp.) 0.0 Melilla [134][135] 4 February 1907 41.8 Melilla [134] 6 July 1994
†500.4 Melilla [9] 27 January 2005
 Marokko -24.1 Ussikis al-Ḥawz (Al Haouz) province [136][137][138] 2100 11 February 1935 49.6 Marrakesh [2][139] 17 July 2012
†50-14 Īfrān (Ifrane) Fès-Meknès region [140][141] 1530 28 December 2004 Sīdī Sulīmān (Sidi Slimane) [142] 10 July 2021
 Mosambik -2.8 Máuè Tete province [143] 1190 17 July 1947 47.2 Umbelúzi Maputo province [143][144] 24 September 1931
†501.0 Lichinga Niassa province [9] 1365 25 July 1990 †5046.7 Massangena Gaza province [5] 28 October 2019
 Namibia -10.5 Rohrbeck Farm (near Stampriet) Hardap region [145] 1200 2 August 1974 47.2 Noordoewer Karas region [146][147] January 1992
 Niger -2.4 Bilma Agadez region [9][148] 355 13 January 1995 49.0 Bilma Agadez region [9][149] 8 June 2016
 Nigeria 2.8 Potiskum Yobe state [150][151] 510 8 January 1957 46.4 Yola Adamawa state [2][152] 3 April 2010
†506.6 Jos Plateau state [64][153] 475 10 January 2001
Südafrika Prince Edward Islands (Sth. Afr.) -6.5 Transvaal Cove Marion Island [9] 17 September 1971 25.6 Transvaal Cove Marion Island [9] 8 January 2005
†50-5.7 Transvaal Cove Marion Island [9] 4 September 2011
5 September 2011
 Réunion (Fr.) -5.0 Gîte de Bellecombe [154][155] 2270 10 September 1975 37.0 Pointe des Trois-Bassins [154] 25 January 2019
 Ruanda 0.0 Ruhondo (Lake Ruhondo) [156] 1790 before 2002 35.6 Kigali Airport (Kanombe) [42] August 1937-1939
Kinigi [157] 1695 before 2012 †5035.4 Kigali Airport (Kanombe) [157][158] 22 February 2005
 Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (UK) -2.7 Transvaal Bay Gough Island [9] 29 August 1967 34.9 Georgetown Ascension Island [159][160][161] 25 March 2010
†50-1.3 Transvaal Bay Gough Island [9] 8 August 1990
 Ascension Island 14.5 The Residency [162][163] 550 August 2001 34.9 Georgetown [159][160][161] 25 March 2010
Vereinigtes Königreich Gough Island -2.7 Transvaal Bay [9] 29 August 1967 28.6 Transvaal Bay [9][164] 25 February 1975
†50-1.3 Transvaal Bay [9] 8 August 1990
 Sankt Helena 7.8 Hutt’s Gate [165] 630 4 July 1898 33.9 Jamestown [166] April 1853-1862
†5010.1 Bottom Woods (Longwood) [167] 435 19 July 2010 †5032.4 Jamestown [168][169] April 2014
 Tristan da Cunha 2.4 Edinburgh of the Seven Seas (The Settlement) [170] 22 July 1961 27.6 Edinburgh of the Seven Seas (The Settlement) [5] 20 February 2005
†504.1 Edinburgh of the Seven Seas (The Settlement) [5] 16 July 2003
 São Tomé and Príncipe 8.7 Monte Café São Tomé [171][172] 690 1885-1894 34.7 Rio do Ouro São Tomé [173][174] 14 April 1944
†5012 Monte Café São Tomé [175] 690 †5034.0 São Tomé Airport [39][174] 10 April 2003
 Senegal 4.2 Diourbel [23][176] January 1947 49 Fété-Olé [177][178] 2 April 1973
†505.6 Linguère [9] 8 December 1982
 Seychellen 17.5 Settlement, Picard (West) Island Aldabra [179] June 1969 36.3 Settlement, Picard (West) Island Aldabra [179] January 1968
†5019.8 Research Station (La Gigi), Picard (West) Island Aldabra [179] August 1974 †5035.9 Research Station (La Gigi), Picard (West) Island Aldabra [179] January 1973
Seychellen Inner Islands 19.4 Victoria Mahé [180][181][182][183] 2 July 1934
27 June 1942
24 June 1945 		34.8 Seychelles Airport Mahé [2] 10 April 2013
†5020.0 Seychelles Airport Mahé [5] 16 August 1989 [184]
 Sierra Leone 5.0 Kabala [185] 435 before 1915 39.4 Njala [186][187][188] 1935-1937
Marampa [187][188] 1941–1950
Makeni [187][188] 1942–1950
†5010.0 Kabala [5] 435 22 January 1976 †5038.2 Njala [5] 25 March 1984
 Somalia -3.3 Ceerigaabo (Erigavo) Sanaag region [189][190] 1745 1928 47.8 Barbara (Berbera) Saaxil (Sahil) region [2][191][192] 8 June 2004
†507.8 Hargeisa Airport Woqooyi Galbeed region [5] 1350 13 January 2018
 Somalia 5.6 Qardho Kaarkaar province [193] 810 1953-1958 45.3 Boosaaso (Bosaso; Bandar Qasim) Bari province [194][191] 1934-1958
†5014.2 Boosaaso (Bosaso; Bandar Qasim) Bari province [5] 31 January 2005 †5045.2 Boosaaso (Bosaso; Bandar Qasim) Bari province [39] 21 June 2008
 Somaliland -3.3 Ceerigaabo (Erigavo) Sanaag region [189][190] 1745 1928 47.8 Berbera [2][192] 8 June 2004
†507.8 Hargeisa Airport Woqooyi Galbeed region [5] 1350 13 January 2018
 Südafrika -20.1 Buffelsfontein (near Molteno) Eastern Cape province [195] 1275 23 August 2013 48.8 Vioolsdrif Northern Cape province [196][197] 3 January 1993
 South Sudan 3.6 Raga Lol state [198] 545 28 December 1961 47.3 ar-Rank (Renk) Eastern Nile state [199] 19 March 1985
†504.2 Raga Lol state [198] 545 18 January 1989
 Sudan -1 Zalingei Wasaṭ Dārfūr (Central Darfur) state [200][201] 900 December 1961
January 1962 		49.6 Dunqulah (Dongola) ash-Shamālīyah (Northern) state [2][202][203] 22 June 2010
†501.0 Dunqulah (Dongola) ash-Shamālīyah (Northern) state [204] 235 9 February 1982
 Tansania -5.5 Mbeya [205][206]Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page). 1760 28 July 1975 39.4 Kisauni Airport Zanzibar [33][207] 27 February 2007
 Togo 9.0 Kara [9][208] 340 2 January 1991 43.5 Sansanné-Mango [2][209] 29 March 2019
5 April 2019
 Tunesien -10.3 Bū Shabakah (Bou Chebka) al-Qaṣrayn (Kasserine) governorate [210] 1130 17 January 1891 50.3 al-Qiyrwān (Kairouan) al-Qiyrwān (Kairouan) governorate [2][211] 11 August 2021
†50-8.4 Tāla al-Qaṣrayn (Kasserine) governorate [212] 1090 9 January 1981
 Uganda 2.8 Kabale [213][214] 1870 15 August 1936 39.5 Wadelai [215][216] 11 February -
20 February 2016
†505.0 Kabale [5] 1870 20 July 1978
 Westsahara (Mor.) 2.8 al-ʿAyyūn (Laâyoune) Airport [5] 20 December 1967 50.7 as-Samārah (Smara) [217] 13 July 1961
as-Samārah (Smara) [166] 460 1943-1954
†504.0 al-ʿAyyūn (Laâyoune) Airport [5] 10 January 2000
1 February 2012 		†5047.0 al-ʿAyyūn (Laâyoune) Airport [5] 6 August 1990
 Sambia -9.0 Choma Southern province [218] 1265 27 June 2011 44.4 Luangwa Lusaka province [219] 1932
†5043.5 Mfuwe Eastern province [218][220] 1 November 2011
 Simbabwe -12.7 Matopos Matabeleland South province [221][222] 1350 13 June 1968 47.6 Buffalo Range Airport Masvingo province [223][224] 28 October 2019
†50-11 Matopos Matabeleland South province [225][226] 1350 2 August 1972

^†ʘ Record observed in an area with a permanent resident population. Unless otherwise stated, this will be the case.

^†O Territory or location has no permanent resident population.

^†50 Record in the last 50 years; only given if the all-time record occurred more than 50 years ago.

Notes and References

  1. ^ Bulletin Mensuel 1945, Algérie du Nord, Institut de Météorologie et de Physique du Globe de l’Algérie, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in French; Monthly Bulletin, 1945). Retrieved 24 January 2007.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Form to get daily summaries from synop reports, OGIMet. Retrieved 12 August 2021.
  3. ^ Temperatures as high as 57°C have been reported at various places in Algeria including Tindūf, Timimūn, Warqlā (Ouargla) and Tūjurt (Touggourt) before 1950 but none are reliable.
  4. ^ Les signes météorologiques extremes, signes d’unéventuel changement climatique : cas des vagues defroid sur le nord de l’Algérie, Météo Algérie (in French; Signs of Extreme weather, Signs of possible climate change: the case of cold waves over northern Algeria). Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Global Summary of the Day (GSOD), National Climatic Data Center. Retrieved 1 February 2020.
  6. ^ a b -4.1°C was reported at a station (elevation 1245 m) in the generally uninhabited Bicuari National Park on 21 July 2016. Temperatures as low as -8°C reported at various place in Angola between the late 1930’s and early 1950’s are unreliable, probably due to instrument overexposure.
  7. ^ a b c d Weather stations in Angola, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zambia, SASSCAL WeatherNet. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  8. ^ Higher temperatures reported at various place in Angola between the late 1930’s and early 1950’s are unreliable, probably due to instrument overexposure.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Climate Explorer, The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI). Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  10. ^ 46.0°C reported at Kandi in April 1940, and 44.9°C reported at Natitingou in March 1934 are unreliable. 44.5°C reported at Kandi in April 1952 is possibly reliable.
  11. ^ Report for the Year 1953, Weather Bureau, Department of Transport, Republic of South Africa, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 8 March 2008.
  12. ^ -15.2°C reported at the same place (in August between 1959 and 1980) is probably a ground temperature, not an air temperature.
  13. ^ The island is uninhabited.
  14. ^ 14°C reported in March 1980 was taken at ground level.
  15. ^ Programme d’Action National d’Adaptation à la Variabilité et aux Changements Climatiques (PANA du Burkina Faso), Ministère de l’Environnement et du Cadre de Vie, Burkina Faso (in French; National Action Program for Adaptation to Variability and to Climate Change). Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  16. ^ 2.9°C reported at Banankélédara (Banankélédaga) (near Bobo-Dioulasso) on 29 January 1961, and 5.0°C reported at the same place in 1971 are probably unreliable.
  17. ^ Higher temperatures recorded before the 1940’s, including 48.4°C at Dori, 48.0°C at Ouahigouya and 47.9°C reported at both Fada N’gourma and Ouagadougou are unreliable.
  18. ^ Présentation du Bulletin climatologique annuel du Congo belge et du Ruanda-Urundi (1956) — Anomalies pluviométriques et valeurs remarquables de quelques éléments du climat, "in:" Bulletin des Séances, Academie Royale des Sciences Coloniales, 1957, 6, pp1214-1230, Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences, Belgium (in French; Presentation of the annual climatological bulletin of the Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Urundi (1956) - Pluviometric anomalies and remarkable values of some elements of the climate). Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  19. ^ Recorded at the Kisozi-Marais meteorological station, now closed.
  20. ^ a b Simone di Prima (climateofburundi.altervista.org)
  21. ^ La France équatoriale africaine: Le pays. Les habitants. La colonisation. Les pouvoirs publics, Google Books Search Engine. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  22. ^ a b Ngaoundéré may have recorded 3.2°C in February between 1961 and 1990. -2.7°C has been recorded at high altitude on the summit of Fako Peak, Mount Cameroon at an elevation exceeding 4000 m.
  23. ^ a b c d Annales des Services Météorologiques de la France d’Outre-Mer, Année 1951, Ministère la France d’Outre-Mer, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in French; Annals of the Meteorological Services of Overseas France for 1951). Retrieved 5 February 2006.
  24. ^ 47.7°C reported at Kousséri Far North region on 18 April 1908 and 46.2°C reported at the same place in the previous month are sourced from a very limited record of less than a year and are of uncertain reliability.
  25. ^ a b Climate Atlas of the Archipelagos of the Canary Islands, Madeira and the Azores, AEMet. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  26. ^ -21.0°C was recorded at an altitude of about 2100 m at Cañada de la Grieta on Pico del Teide Tenerife in 1912. More recently, -16.0°C was recorded at Las Cañadas on the same mountain on 17 February 1991.
  27. ^ Evolución de la Temperatura en Lanzarote (1950-2008), Centro de Datos, Lanzarote (in Spanish; Evolution of the Temperature in Lanzarote (1950-2008)). Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  28. ^ This reading is possibly unreliable.
  29. ^ a b The official maximum temperature of 47.5°C reported at Barranco de Masca Tenerife on 17 July 1978 was taken at a station with a short period of record and is possibly unreliable.
  30. ^ Anais Meteorológicos das Colónias, Relativos a 1943, Ministérios das Colónias, Serviço Meteorológico Nacional, Portugal, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in Portuguese, Meteorological Annals of the Colonies Relating to 1943). Retrieved 4 February 2007.
  31. ^ a b Ground frosts occur in the Chã das Caldeiras (a plain with an elevation of 1630 m) on Fogo indicating air temperatures of 5°C or lower occur.
  32. ^ Temperatures up to 38°C reported at Praia are possibly reliable.
  33. ^ a b c Global Climate Data, TuTiempo.net. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
  34. ^ a b c Valores Extremos, Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMet) (in Spanish; Extreme Values). Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  35. ^ Anti-Locust Bulletin, Issues 11-21‎ - Page 16, Google Books Search Engine. Retrieved 31 March 2019.
  36. ^ Temperatures are known to reach -10°C on the high plateaux of the Tibesti Mountains. -6.8°C was recorded at an altitude of 2450 m on the uninhabited Doon Orei (Trou au Natron) dormant volcano in the same range on 15 January 1967. The lowest fully dated temperature is -4.5°C recorded at Bardāy (Bardaï) (elevation 1020 m) in the same region on 27 December 1966 and 27 January 1967.
  37. ^ Higher temperatures reported at Faya and Ndjamena (Nijāmīnā) are unreliable.
  38. ^ Infrastructure, Eau, Environnement. Etude d'impact sur l'Environnement, The World Bank (in French; Infrastructure, Water, Environment. Environmental Impact Assessment). Retrieved 9 January 2022.
  39. ^ a b c d e f g h i Cite error: The named reference MANZ was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  40. ^ Présentation du Bulletin climatologique annuel du Congo belge et du Ruanda-Urundi (1955) — Anomalies pluviométriques et valeurs remarquables de quelques éléments du climat, "in:" Bulletin des Séances, Academie Royale des Sciences Coloniales, 1956, 6, pp1231-1248, Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences, Belgium (in French; Presentation of the annual climatological bulletin of the Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Urundi (1955) - Pluviometric anomalies and remarkable values of some elements of the climate). Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  41. ^ Recorded at the Kisanga-Verger (Keyberg) meteorological station, now closed.
  42. ^ a b Vandenplas, A (1947). La Température au Congo Belge [The temperature in the Belgian Congo] (in French). Brussels, Belgium: Ministère des Colonies, Direction de l'Agriculture.
  43. ^ 41.0°C reported at Yahila Tshopo province in March between 1931 and 1936 is unreliable.
  44. ^ 41.0°C reported at Ouésso in March 1950 and April 1950 is unreliable.
  45. ^ 49.5°C reported at the same place in July 1934 and at Tajūrah (Tadjourah) in July 1951 are probably unreliable.
  46. ^ The first of these dates has also been reported as 46.5°C.
  47. ^ The lowest temperatures in Egypt are recorded in the Sinai Peninsula which is geographically part of Asia, not Africa. For instance, -8.8°C was reported at Qal̒at an-Nakhl (Nakhl) Shamal Sinā̓ (Northern Sinai) governorate on 16 January 2008, and -15°C was recorded at 2600 m on the uninhabited Jabal Zubayr, a spur of Jabal Katrīnah (Mount Catherine) Janub Sinā’ (Southern Sinai) governorate on approximately 13 January and 16 February 1934.
  48. ^ Monthly Weather Report 1961, Ministry of War Meteorological Department, Egypt, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 8 May 2008.
  49. ^ 51.0°C on 4 July 1918, and 50.6°C on 8 June 1932, both reported at Aswān Aswān governorate are unreliable due to the thermometers (at a height of 1.3 m) being placed too close to the ground.
  50. ^ Isla de Bioko, La Web Cultural de Guinea Ecuatorial (in Spanish; Island of Bioko). Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  51. ^ Klimatafel von Bata / Insel Mbini / Äquatorial-Guinea, Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German: Climate Table for Bata /Mbini Island / Equatorial Guinea. Retrieved 27 May 2019.
  52. ^ a b 36.5°C reported at Malabo Bioko on 21 April 2010 is probably unreliable.
  53. ^ 49.1°C reported at Nokra Nokra Desēt island in the Dehalak’ (Dahlak) archipelago in September 1938 is unreliable.
  54. ^ Report for the Year 1957, Weather Bureau, Department of Transport, Republic of South Africa, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 7 March 2008.
  55. ^ -6.7°C reported at Big Bend is unreliable for the elevation of 155 m.
  56. ^ Groundwater Resources of Swaziland (Government of Swaziland, Department of Geological Surveys and Mines), British Geological Survey. Retrieved 3 January 2022. Archived 23 October 2016.
  57. ^ 49.1°C reported at the same place (date unknown) is probably unreliable.
  58. ^ Report on Meteorological Data of the Year 1976, Department of Transport, Republic of South Africa, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
  59. ^ 2013 Annual Bulletin, National Meteorology Agency. Retrieved 3 January 2022. Archived 4 March 2016.
  60. ^ Also on earlier dates at the same place. -8.0°C reported at Jīma (Jimma) Oromia region is probably unreliable. -15°C has been reported at high altitude on the Sanetti Plateau in the Oromia region.
  61. ^ Pedgley, DE (1967). "Air Temperature at Dallol, Ethiopia". Meteorological Magazine. 97. Met Office: 265–271.
  62. ^ Annual Climate Bulletin for the Year 2019, National Meteorological Agency, Ethiopia. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  63. ^ Data excludes territory below 60°S as defined by the Antarctic Treaty, thus excludes Adélie Land on the Antarctic mainland.
  64. ^ a b c d e MeteoManz, MeteoManz.com. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
  65. ^ 35.8°C was possibly recorded on 29 January 1981 at the same place. 35.6°C reported on Juan de Nova Island (Île Juan de Nova) on 31 March 1997 is unreliable.
  66. ^ St-Paul & Amsterdam Islands, Part 3, Discover France! Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  67. ^ The date is believed to be correct.
  68. ^ a b Estimated. No data are known to exist.
  69. ^ Climatologie de l'année 2006 à Île de la Possession - Alfred Faure, Infoclimat (in French; Climatology of Possession Island (Alfred-Faure), 2006). Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  70. ^ Climatologie de l'année 1997 à Île de la Possession - Alfred Faure, Infoclimat (in French; Climatology of Possession Island (Alfred-Faure), 1997). Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  71. ^ Climatologie de l'année 1984 à Ile Europa, InfoClimat (in French; Climatology of Europa Island, 1984). Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  72. ^ Climatologie de l'année 1985 à Ile Europa, InfoClimat (in French; Climatology of Europa Island, 1985). Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  73. ^ 9.4°C reported from the island in June 1950, and temperatures between 10°C and 11°C reported in 1957 and 1963 do not appear reliable.
  74. ^ 35.8°C was possibly recorded on 29 January 1981.
  75. ^ An unconfirmed 15.0°C (date unknown) has been reported from the island.
  76. ^ Climatologie de l'année 1987 à Iles Glorieuses, Station Gérard Martin, Infoclimat (in French; Climatology of the Glorioso Islands, 1987). Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  77. ^ The second date given in 1987 is also believed to be correct.
  78. ^ Climatologie de l'année 2001 à Iles Glorieuses, Station Gérard Martin, Infoclimat (in French; Climatology of the Glorioso Islands, Station Gérard Martin, 2001). Retrieved 8 January 2022.
  79. ^ Climatologie de l'année 2013 à Iles Glorieuses, Station Gérard Martin, Infoclimat (in French; Climatology of the Glorioso Islands, Station Station Gérard Martin, 2013). Retrieved 8 January 2022.
  80. ^ Climatologie de l'année 2011 à Ile Juan De Nova, InfoClimat (in French; Climatology of Juan de Nova Island, 2011). Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  81. ^ Temperatures as low as 17.6°C have been reported but none appear reliable.
  82. ^ Climatologie du mois de décembre 2019 à Ile Juan De Nova (974), InfoClimat (in French; Climate for the month of December 2019 at Ile Juan de Nova (974) . Retrieved 1 February 2020.
  83. ^ 35.6°C reported on 31 March 1997 is unreliable.
  84. ^ Annales des Services Météorologiques de la France d’Outre-Mer, Année 1959, Ministère la France d’Outre-Mer, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in French; Annals of the Meteorological Services of Overseas France for 1959). Retrieved 4 February 2006.
  85. ^ Fiche Climatologique: Tromelin (984), Meteo France (in French; Climatological Data: Tromelin (984)). Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  86. ^ Meteorological Register. Weather of the Day, Yundum, Gambia. January 1947. Air Ministry, Meteorological Office, Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA). Retrieved 28 April 2021.
  87. ^ Unconfirmed temperatures below 5°C have been reported at inland stations.
  88. ^ Max Temp (oC), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet, Risø. Retrieved 20 June 2014. [dead link].
  89. ^ The Ecological Effects of the Harmattan Wind in the Djebobo Massif (Togo Mountains, Ghana), Journal of Ecology, November 1966. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
  90. ^ 44.2°C reported at Navrongo on 17 April 2006 is probably unreliable.
  91. ^ Record cold snap destroys crops, kills hundreds of animals, The New Humanitarian. Retrieved 11 March 2021.
  92. ^ 46.5°C reported at Boké on 8 March 1938 is probably unreliable.
  93. ^ Resultado das observações meteorológicas, 1961, Serviço Meteorológico da Guiné, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in Portuguese; Results of meteorological observations, 1961). Retrieved 23 February 2007.
  94. ^ Resultado das observações meteorológicas, Março de 1969, Serviço Meteorológico da Guiné, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in Portuguese; Results of meteorological observations, March 1969). Retrieved 23 February 2007.
  95. ^ Heard Island The Spit, Relevés du 01 Mars 2013, Infoclimat (in French; Records of 1 March 2013). Retrieved 4 January 2022.
  96. ^ Google Search Engine, Google. (Kenya, A Study in Physical and Human Geography, by Francis F. Ojany and R. B. Ogendo.) Retrieved 4 June 2018.
  97. ^ -13°C has been recorded at 4200 m in the Teleki Valley on the upper slopes of Kirinyaga (Mount Kenya), and as low as -20°C has been reported near the summit (elevation close to 5200 m).
  98. ^ Quaternary Periglacial Landforms in the Sani Pass Area, Southern Africa. South African Association of Geomorphologists, Uppsala Universitet. Retrieved 9 January 2022. Archived 7 February 2012.
  99. ^ This reading has also been reported as -21°C.
  100. ^ Report on Meteorological Data of the Year 1973, Weather Bureau, South Africa, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 12 February 2012.
  101. ^ 41.7°C reported at Butha-Buthe in January 1927, and 40.6°C reported at Hlotse (Leribe) in December 1944 are unreliable.
  102. ^ Report on Meteorological Data of the Year 1975, Department of Transport, Republic of South Africa, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
  103. ^ a b General Report on National Forest Inventory in Liberia - Technical Report No. 1. German Forestry Mission to Liberia, 1968, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Retrieved 9 June 2018.
  104. ^ 2.2°C reported at Sagleipie in the 1950’s is of questionable reliability. 3.9°C reported at Kesini before 1964 is possibly reliable.
  105. ^ a b Temperatures exceeding 41°C reported at Tubmanburg (Bomi) have not been confirmed. 40.6°C reported at Sikombe, inland from Greenville in the early 20th century, and also from Sagleipie in the 1950’s are of questionable reliability.
  106. ^ Western Range DSO Iron Ore Project Volume 3, Part 2.1: Hydrology Baseline Final Report, ArcelorMittal Liberia Limited. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  107. ^ No relevant measured data has been found. The value given is an estimate modelled by the United Kingdom Met Office based on data from Nzérékoré Guinea, 40km to the north of Tokadeh. The same modelling estimates minimum temperatures of 6.1°C are reached around 1000m on the peaks in the north of the country.
  108. ^ "Liberia" Google Search Engine, Google. (Quarterly Statistical Bulletin of Liberia). Retrieved 9 January 2022.
  109. ^ McWhirter, Norris and Ross McWhirter (1969). Dunlop Illustrated Encyclopedia of Facts. Doubleday. ISBN 0385011199.
  110. ^ -11°C reported in January 1945 has not been confirmed.
  111. ^ Higher temperatures reported are unreliable. 58.0°C reported at al-‘Azīzīyah on 13 September 1922 is a faulty reading and has been rejected by the World Meteorological Organization.
  112. ^ Résumé Mensuel du Temps à Madagascar, 1963, Météorologie Nationale, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in French; Monthly Summary of the Weather of Madagascar, 1963). Retrieved 24 February 2007.
  113. ^ Résumé Mensuel du Temps à Madagascar, 1964, Météorologie Nationale, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in French; Monthly Summary of the Weather of Madagascar, 1964). Retrieved 24 February 2007.
  114. ^ -16°C was recorded in the uninhabited La Cuvette du Boby at an elevation of 2470 m on the Andringitra Massif Haute Matsiatra region on 1 July 1956. -8.6°C reported at Antsirabe Vakinankaratra region in August 1915 is unreliable.
  115. ^ Communication Nationale Initiale de Madagascar, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (in French; First National Communication of Madagascar). Retrieved 9 January 2022.
  116. ^ Higher temperatures (up to 48.3°C), especially those recorded in the 1930’s and 1940’s are probably unreliable.
  117. ^ a b Climate records - Madeira Islands, Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA). Retrieved 9 January 2022.
  118. ^ This location may be uninhabited. 4.4°C was recorded at Funchal between 1931 and 1980, while -7.0°C was recorded at high altitude on Pico do Arieiro on 6 March 1994.
  119. ^ Orchids of Malaŵi, Google Books Search Engine. Retrieved 19 May 2019.
  120. ^ a b c A Summary and Review of Monthly Temperature Data in Malaŵi, Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Agricultural Development, Lilongwe, ISRIC World Soil Information Database. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
  121. ^ Reported as -7°C by the second reference.
  122. ^ a b Higher temperatures reported at Nkombedzi wa Fodya (near Chawuwa) Chikwawa district are unreliable.
  123. ^ Hot temperature over – Met., The Times Group, Malawi. Retrieved 30 January 2020. Archived 18 November 2019.
  124. ^ Mali météo, Météo Mali (in French; Mali meteo[rology]). Retrieved 10 January 2022. Archived 29 September 2008.
  125. ^ Higher temperatures, including 54.5°C at Tombouctou (Timbuktu) and 54.4°C at Arawan (Araouane), both in the Tombouctou (Timbuktu) region, and 52.0°C at Ménaka in the Gao region on 4 May 1934 are unreliable. 48.8°C reported at Nioro du Sahel Kayes region in May 1936, and at Timbuktu on 14 May 2011 are also unreliable.
  126. ^ 0.0°C reported at the same place on 16 December 1962 is probably unreliable.
  127. ^ Service de Météorologie (Mauritania)
  128. ^ Mauritius Meteorological Services.
  129. ^ Initial National Communication of the Republic of Mauritius under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (April 1999). Chapter 1, National Circumstances, Government of Mauritius. Retrieved 12 August 2021.
  130. ^ Monthly Bulletin of Climatological Summaries, January 2009, Mauritius Meteorological Services. Retrieved 10 January 2022. Archived 5 March 2016.
  131. ^ 38°C reported at Port Louis in January 1957, and 37.5°C reported at the same place on 7 February 1975 are probably unreliable.
  132. ^ 36.1°C reported three times on Île Raphael in February 1946 is probably unreliable.
  133. ^ a b Etienne Kapikian, MeteoFrance.
  134. ^ a b El Tiempo en la Provincia de Melilla Mañana, tiemposol.com (in Spanish; The Weather in the Province of Melilla Tomorrow). Retrieved 20 January 2022.
  135. ^ An unconfirmed -0.5°C has been reported, date unknown.
  136. ^ New Continental Cold Record for Africa Discovered?, wunderground.com. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
  137. ^ The original source of this document, in the serial Annales du Service de Physique du Globe et de Météorologie de l’Institut Scientifique Chérifien in 1935, is no longer available online.
  138. ^ -33.4°C reported at Tashddirt (Tacheddirt)| on 11 December 1934 is incorrect. -30°C reported in the Michlifen Depression, elevation 1980 m sometime before 1964 has not been confirmed.
  139. ^ 51.8°C reported at Inezgane Airport (Aġadīr) Aġadīr-Ida Ou Tanane prefecture on 17 August 1940, 49.8°C reported at Kniṭra (Kénitra) Kniṭra (Kénitra) province on 1 July 2008, and other higher readings are unreliable.
  140. ^ Météo : Le froid polaire touche le Maroc, yabiladi (in French; Weather: Polar Cold Hits Morocco). Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  141. ^ -17.5°C was reported at an uninhabited location near the summit of Jbel Mgun (Jebel M’Goun) (elevation 3650 m) on 9 November 2001.
  142. ^ In Morocco, “absolute records” for temperatures of up to 49.6 ° C, New.in-24. Retrieved 2 January 2022.
  143. ^ a b Boletim mensal das observações meteorológicas feitas nos postos da Colónia, 1950, Organizado Pelo Observatório Campos Rodrigues, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in Portuguese; Monthly bulletin of the meteorological observations made at colonial stations, 1950). Retrieved 6 September 2015.
  144. ^ 47.3°C reported at Chibuto Gaza province on 12 December 1944 is probably unreliable, being too high compared to nearby readings on this day. Temperatures as high as 49°C reported at various places between 1940 and 1955 are believed to be unreliable.
  145. ^ Report on Meteorological Data of the Year 1974, Department of Transport, Republic of South Africa, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
  146. ^ Namibia Review Volume 1, Google Books Search Engine. Retrieved 9 June 2018.
  147. ^ 47.8°C reported from Noordoewer was probably an estimate; the actual reading came from Goodhouse in South Africa in 1939. The highest fully dated record known is 46.2°C at Noordoewer on 17 January 2013.
  148. ^ -3.0°C reported at Bilma in January 1937 is unreliable.
  149. ^ 49.5°C reported at Diffa on 7 September 1978 is unreliable.
  150. ^ Proceedings Proceedings of the Science Association of Nigeria, 1958, Google Books Search Engine. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  151. ^ One source states the temperature was recorded on two consecutive days, so possibly also 9 January 1957.
  152. ^ 47.2°C reported at both Sokoto and Hadejia Jigawa state, as well as higher temperatures reported early in the 20th century are believed to be unreliable.
  153. ^ An unconfirmed 6°C was reported from Jos Plateau state on 4 January 1980.
  154. ^ a b La Réunion, Météo et climat, Météo-France (in French; Reunion Island, Meteorology and climate). Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  155. ^ This location is a mountain lodge or refuge. The lowest temperature recorded in a permanently inhabited location is -1.7°C at Plaine des Cafres (elevation 1560 m) on 18 August 1988. -4.0°C reported from the same place on 21 August 1956 is probably unreliable.
  156. ^ Carte pédalogique du Rwanda au 1/50 000 - Gakenke, Ministère des Affaires Étrangères, du Commerce Extérieur et de la Coopération au Développement de Belqique, ISRIC World Soil Information Database (in French; Soil Map of Rwanda at 1/50 000 - Gakenke'). Retrieved 10 January 2022. Archived 11 August 2021.
  157. ^ a b Climate Change Master Plan 2011-2031, East African Community. Retrieved 10 January 2022. Archived 3 March 2016.
  158. ^ Rwanda Meteorological Service
  159. ^ a b Met office Statistics for the week ending Monday 29-Mar-10, The Islander. Retrieved 1 June 2015. [dead link]
  160. ^ a b World feeling the heat as 17 countries experience record temperatures, The Guardian. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  161. ^ a b The date is believed to be correct. 35.0°C reported at Wideawake Field (RAF Ascension Island) on 17 April 1971, and similar high temperatures reported at the same site in the early 1970’s are unreliable.
  162. ^ The Islander - Thursday 30th August 2001, The Islander. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  163. ^ The average minimum temperature recorded in the months of August, October, and November at Green Mountain Farm (elevation 660m) between 1951 and 1953 was 14.5°C. Extreme minimum temperatures are not known, but would likely to have descend to 12°C or possibly lower.
  164. ^ 29.0°C reported on 20 March 2021 is unreliable.
  165. ^ Meteorological Observations taken at St Matthews Vicarage, St Helena during July 1898, Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA). Retrieved 28 April 2021.
  166. ^ a b Tables of Temperature, Relative Humidity and Precipitation for the World. Part IV. Africa, The Atlantic Ocean South of 35°N and the Indian Ocean. United Kingdom Meteorological Office (1967).
  167. ^ Climatologie de l'année 2010 à Saint Helena Island, InfoClimat. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  168. ^ Saint Helena Climate July 2018, Saint Helena Government. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
  169. ^ Data reported from the station (located at the Jamestown Swimming Pool) in the given reference before 2005 is generally unreliable, and occasionally unreliable since that date due to poor quality control. The figure given is believed to be a monthly maximum temperature, not an average monthly maximum temperature as stated in the reference.
  170. ^ Report on Meteorological Data of the Year 1961, Republic of South Africa Weather Bureau. Retrieved 16 November 2008.
  171. ^ Anais Meteorológicos das Colónias Relativos a 1942, Ministérios das Colónias, Serviço Meteorológico Nacional, Portugal, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in Portuguese; Meteorological Annals of the Colonies Relating to 1942). Retrieved 25 January 2007.
  172. ^ Google Book Search, Google Books. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  173. ^ Anais Meteorológicos das Colónias Relativos a 1944, Ministérios das Colónias, Serviço Meteorológico Nacional, Portugal, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in Portuguese; Meteorological Annals of the Colonies Relating to 1944). Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  174. ^ a b Unconfirmed reports of 36°C at São Tomé Airport on various dates in 1998 and other years are possibly reliable.
  175. ^ This is an estimated value due to the lack of available data and is based on a ten year average yearly temperature of 20.6°C recorded at the station. At uninhabited Lagôa Amélia (elevation 1490 m), the average annual temperature is 18.4°C and lower temperatures may occur. The lowest temperature reported in the last 50 years close to sea level is 16.0°C at São Tomé Airport on 8 July 1974 and 8 July 1977.
  176. ^ Some sources give the date as January 1948.
  177. ^ Analyse des Données Météorologiques Recuellies (sic) à Fété-Olé (Nord du Sénégal) de Septembre 1969 à Décembre 1977, Institut de Recherche pour la Développement (IRD) (in French; Analysis of Meteorological Data Collected at Fété-Olé (North Senegal) from September 1969 to December 1977). Retrieved 10 January 2022. Archived 1 June 2020.
  178. ^ This reading is probably rounded to the nearest 0.5°C. 49.0°C reported at Linguère in March 1940 is unreliable. 48.8°C was reported at Matam on 26 May 1993.
  179. ^ a b c d Climate of Aldabra Atoll. Atoll Research Bulletin, No. 202, February 1977, Smithsonian Libraries. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  180. ^ India Weather Review, 1934, Government of India Meteorological Department, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 17 May 2017.
  181. ^ India Weather Review, 1942, Government of India Meteorological Department, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 17 May 2017.
  182. ^ India Weather Review, 1945, Government of India Meteorological Department, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 17 May 2017.
  183. ^ For the July 1934 reading, the month and year are known, the day is believed to be correct.
  184. ^ Latest of many occurrences.
  185. ^ Bulletin of Entomological Research, 1914, Google Books Search Engine. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  186. ^ Google Books Search Engine, Google Books (Summary of report [with extracts], 1937). Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  187. ^ a b c The Soils and Geography of the Bolilands of Sierra Leone, Wageningen University and Research. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  188. ^ a b c 40°C reported at a number of places including Njala and Daru, and 39.4°C reported at Yengema have not been confirmed.
  189. ^ a b Colonial Reports Annual No. 1451; Somaliland. Report for 1928, United Kingdom Colonial Office.
  190. ^ a b This reading may be too low due to overexposure.
  191. ^ a b Temperatures exceeding 48°C taken during the Italian Occupation of Somalia, including 50.2°C reported at Luuq, also known as Lugh Ferrandi or Luuq Ganaane on 3 April 1933 are unreliable.
  192. ^ a b Temperatures exceeding 48°C reported at Berbera are probably unreliable.
  193. ^ Klimatafel von Gardo / Somalia, Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD). Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  194. ^ Klimatafel von Bosaso (Bender Cassim) / Somalia, Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD). Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  195. ^ SA gripped by cold temperatures, News24. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
  196. ^ South Africa Yearbook, 1997, Google Books Search Engine. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
  197. ^ 51.7°C reported in 1948 near Upington Northern Cape province is unreliable. 51.6°C on 28 January 1903 and 50.8°C in November 1904 reported at Main (near Tsomo) Eastern Cape province are unreliable. 50.3°C reported in 1928 at Kirkwood Eastern Cape province is unreliable. 50.0°C reported on 3 November 1918 and 49.9°C in January 1925 at Dunbrody Eastern Cape province are probably unreliable.
  198. ^ a b [ http://geodata.lib.ncsu.edu/fedgov/noaa/clino/TABLES/REG__I/SU/62871.TXT WMO Normals, Raga (Station 62871)], NOAA. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
  199. ^ WMO Normals, Renk (Station 62801), NOAA. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
  200. ^ Country Pasture Forage Resource Profiles, Sudan, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Retrieved 4 January 2022. Archived 10 August 2017.
  201. ^ -2.0°C reported at Wādī Ḥalfā ash-Shamālīyah (Northern) state on 26 December 1917 is unreliable.
  202. ^ M.A. Hassab Eldayem, Sudan Meteorological Authority reports this reading as 49.7°C.
  203. ^ Temperatures as high as 52.8°C reported at Wādī Ḥalfā’ ash-Shamālīyah (Northern) state are unreliable.
  204. ^ WMO Normals, Dongolah (Station 62650), NOAA. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
  205. ^ National Adaptation Programme of Action, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Retrieved 4 January 2022.
  206. ^ Climatology and Climate Change Section, Tanzania Meteorological Agency.
  207. ^ 39.8°C may have been recorded in the Dodoma Region on 10 February 1999.
  208. ^ 8°C reported at Sokodé is unreliable.
  209. ^ 44.4°C reported at Sansanné-Mango in March 1947 and on 1 April 1992 is unreliable. 44.0°C reported at Dapaong is possibly reliable.
  210. ^ Bulletin Mensuel No. 1 Janvier 1891, Service Météorologique de la Tunisie (in French; Monthly Bulletin No. 1, January 1891. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  211. ^ Temperatures up to 55°C reported in the desert areas of Tunisia before 1950 are unreliable.
  212. ^ Les paroxysmes climato-thermiques en Tunisie : approche méthodologique et étude de cas, Climatologie (in French; Climatological-heat paroxysms in Tunisia: methodological approach and case study). Retrieved 25 February 2020.
  213. ^ Meteorological Observations, 1936, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 6 August 2007.
  214. ^ -7.7°C has been reported at high altitude in the Rwenzori Mountains.
  215. ^ Dekadal Agrometeorological Bulletin Period: 1st – 10th March 2016 (Dekad 1 for March 2016), Uganda National Meteorological Authority. Retrieved 21 August 2016. [dead link]
  216. ^ 43.3°C reported at Wadelai in 1905 is unreliable. 40.1°C reported at Soroti on 5 February and 6 February 1949 is probably unreliable. 40°C has been reported in the Kitgum district in 2005, but further details are not available.
  217. ^ Instituto Nacional de Meteorología (España).
  218. ^ a b Zambia Meteorological Service.
  219. ^ Annual Report on the Social and Economic Progress of the People of Northern Rhodesia, 1932, Google Book Search Engine. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
  220. ^ 46.4°C reported at Lusitu Southern province on 22 November 1990 is unreliable.
  221. ^ Zimbabwe’s Environmental Dilemma: Balancing Resource Inequities, Google Book Search Engine. Retrieved 9 January 2022.
  222. ^ The date is believed to be correct: On the same day, a ground minimum temperature of -14.0°C was recorded here.
  223. ^ Record-breaking temperatures for Chiredzi, West Nicholson, The Herald. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  224. ^ The date is believed to be correct.
  225. ^ Geography Today: A Complete Course for Junior Secondary Schools, Google Search Engine. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
  226. ^ The reference gives the date as 2/3/1972, which is incorrect.
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