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{{Infobox election
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1945 Austrian legislative election
| country = Austria
| country = Austria
| type = parliamentary
| type = parliamentary
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1930 Austrian legislative election
| previous_election = 1930 Austrian legislative election
| previous_year = 1930
| previous_year = 1930
| previous_MPs =
| next_election = 1949 Austrian legislative election
| next_election = 1949 Austrian legislative election
| next_year = 1949
| next_year = 1949
Line 12: Line 9:
| majority_seats = 83
| majority_seats = 83
| election_date = 25 November 1945
| election_date = 25 November 1945
| image_size = 130x130px
| image1 = [[File:Figl leopold 01b.jpg|150x150px]]

| image1 = Figl leopold 01b.jpg
| leader1 = [[Leopold Figl]]
| leader1 = [[Leopold Figl]]
| leader_since1 = 17 April 1945
| party1 = Austrian People's Party
| party1 = Austrian People's Party
| leaders_seat1 =
| last_election1 =
| seats1 = 85
| seats1 = 85
| seat_change1 =
| popular_vote1 = 1,602,227
| popular_vote1 = 1,602,227
| percentage1 = 49.80%
| percentage1 = 49.80%

| swing1 =
| image2 = [[File:Adolf_Sch%C3%A4rf_1961.jpg|150x150px]]
| image2 = Adolf_Sch%C3%A4rf_1961.jpg
| leader2 = [[Adolf Schärf]]
| leader2 = [[Adolf Schärf]]
| leader_since2 = 15 December 1945
| party2 = Social Democratic Party of Austria
| party2 = Social Democratic Party of Austria
| leaders_seat2 =
| last_election2 =
| seats2 = 76
| seats2 = 76
| seat_change2 =
| popular_vote2 = 1,434,898
| popular_vote2 = 1,434,898
| percentage2 = 44.60%
| percentage2 = 44.60%

| swing2 =
| image3 = [[File:Johann Koplenig auf dem VI. Parteitag der SED 1963.jpg|150x150px]]
| image3 = Johann Koplenig auf dem VI. Parteitag der SED 1963.jpg
| leader3 = [[Johann Koplenig]]
| leader3 = [[Johann Koplenig]]
| leader_since3 = 1924
| party3 = Communist Party of Austria
| party3 = Communist Party of Austria
| leaders_seat3 =
| last_election3 =
| seats3 = 4
| seats3 = 4
| seat_change3 =
| popular_vote3 = 174,257
| popular_vote3 = 174,257
| percentage3 = 5.42%
| percentage3 = 5.42%
| swing3 =
| map_image = 1945 Austrian legislative election - Results.svg
| map_image = File:1945 Austrian legislative election - Results.svg
| map_size = 450px
| map_caption = Results of the election, showing seats won by constituency and nationwide. Constituencies are shaded according to the first-place party.
| map_caption = Results of the election, showing seats won by constituency and nationwide. Constituencies are shaded according to the first-place party.
| title = Chancellor
| title = Chancellor
Line 53: Line 38:
| after_election = [[Leopold Figl]]
| after_election = [[Leopold Figl]]
| after_party = Austrian People's Party
| after_party = Austrian People's Party
}}{{Politics of Austria}}
}}
{{Politics of Austria}}
The '''1945 elections to the [[Austria]]n [[National Council of Austria|National Council]]''' held on 25 November 1945, were the first after [[World War II]]. The elections were held according to the Austrian election law of 1929, with all citizens at least 21 years old eligible to vote,<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=e1ksAAAAIBAJ&sjid=AcsEAAAAIBAJ&pg=1544,2170446 ''Herald Journal'' - 24 November 1945 (Google News)], retrieved 19 May 2010</ref> however former [[Nazism|Nazis]] were banned from voting, official sources putting their numbers at around 200,000.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=0a0uAAAAIBAJ&sjid=B9wFAAAAIBAJ&dq=austria%20election%201945&pg=3987%2C3895913 ''Ottawa Citizen'' - 23 November 1945 (Google News)], retrieved 19 May 2010</ref>


'''Parliamentary elections''' were held in [[Austria]] on 25 November 1945, the first after [[World War II]]. The elections were held according to the Austrian election law of 1929, with all citizens at least 21 years old eligible to vote,<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=e1ksAAAAIBAJ&sjid=AcsEAAAAIBAJ&pg=1544,2170446 ''Herald Journal'' - 24 November 1945 (Google News)], retrieved 19 May 2010</ref> however former [[Nazism|Nazis]] were banned from voting, official sources putting their numbers at around 200,000.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=0a0uAAAAIBAJ&sjid=B9wFAAAAIBAJ&dq=austria%20election%201945&pg=3987%2C3895913 ''Ottawa Citizen'' - 23 November 1945 (Google News)], retrieved 19 May 2010</ref>
The [[Austrian People's Party]], comprising elements of the prewar [[Christian Social Party (Austria)|Christian Social Party]] under the leadership of [[Leopold Figl]], won a decisive victory, receiving just under half of the vote and 85 of the 165 seats in the National Council. With an outright majority of two seats, the ÖVP could have governed alone. However, Figl retained with the three-party [[grand coalition]] alongside the [[Social Democratic Party of Austria|Socialists]] and [[Communist Party of Austria|Communists]]. The Communists, who had been equally represented in the government of Figl's predecessor, Socialist [[Karl Renner]], since the end of the war, only received one cabinet post.<ref>[http://www.bka.gv.at/site/5957/default.aspx Federal Chancellery of Austria - Austrian Chancellors and Cabinets since 1945] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131226120614/http://www.bka.gv.at/site/5957/default.aspx |date=2013-12-26 }}, retrieved 19 May 2010</ref>


The [[Austrian People's Party]], comprising elements of the prewar [[Christian Social Party (Austria)|Christian Social Party]] under the leadership of [[Leopold Figl]], won a decisive victory, receiving just under half of the vote and 85 of the 165 seats in the National Council. With an outright majority of two seats, the ÖVP could have governed alone. However, Figl retained the three-party [[grand coalition]] alongside the [[Social Democratic Party of Austria|Socialists]] and [[Communist Party of Austria|Communists]]. The Communists, who had been equally represented in the government of Figl's predecessor, Socialist [[Karl Renner]], since the end of the war, only received one cabinet post.<ref>[http://www.bka.gv.at/site/5957/default.aspx Federal Chancellery of Austria - Austrian Chancellors and Cabinets since 1945] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131226120614/http://www.bka.gv.at/site/5957/default.aspx |date=2013-12-26 }}, retrieved 19 May 2010</ref>
On 20 December 1945 the [[Federal Assembly of Austria]] unanimously elected incumbent [[Chancellor of Austria|Chancellor]] Renner as [[President of Austria]]. Renner swore in Figl as new chancellor on the same day.<ref>[http://hofburg.at/show_content2.php?s2id=14 President of Austria - Dr. Karl Renner] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514234431/http://www.hofburg.at/show_content2.php?s2id=14 |date=2011-05-14 }}, retrieved 19 May 2010</ref><ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=blksAAAAIBAJ&sjid=AcsEAAAAIBAJ&dq=austria%20figl&pg=2597%2C4478941 ''Herald Journal'' - 21 December 1945 (Google News)], retrieved 19 May 2010</ref>


On 20 December 1945 the [[Federal Assembly of Austria|Federal Assembly]] unanimously elected incumbent [[Chancellor of Austria|Chancellor]] Renner as [[President of Austria|President]]. Renner swore in Figl as new chancellor on the same day.<ref>[http://hofburg.at/show_content2.php?s2id=14 President of Austria - Dr. Karl Renner] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514234431/http://www.hofburg.at/show_content2.php?s2id=14 |date=2011-05-14 }}, retrieved 19 May 2010</ref><ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=blksAAAAIBAJ&sjid=AcsEAAAAIBAJ&dq=austria%20figl&pg=2597%2C4478941 ''Herald Journal'' - 21 December 1945 (Google News)], retrieved 19 May 2010</ref>
The Communists only gained four seats, which some blamed on the conduct of the [[Red Army]] in the [[Allied-occupied Austria|Soviet occupied zone of Austria]].<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7x8RAAAAIBAJ&sjid=55MDAAAAIBAJ&dq=austria%20election%201945&pg=5387%2C5490259 ''The Sydney Morning Herald'' - 27 November 1945 (Google News)], retrieved 19 May 2010</ref> This proved to be the beginning of a long decline for the Communists, though they stayed in the chamber until [[1959 Austrian legislative election|May 1959]].


The Communists won only four seats, which some blamed on the conduct of the [[Red Army]] in the [[Allied-occupied Austria|Soviet occupied zone of Austria]].<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7x8RAAAAIBAJ&sjid=55MDAAAAIBAJ&dq=austria%20election%201945&pg=5387%2C5490259 ''The Sydney Morning Herald'' - 27 November 1945 (Google News)], retrieved 19 May 2010</ref> This proved to be the beginning of a long decline for the Communists, though they stayed in the chamber until [[1959 Austrian legislative election|May 1959]].
==Results==
{{election table|title=Summary of the 25 November 1945 [[National Council of Austria]] election results}}
|-
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;" colspan=2 |Parties
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Votes
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |%
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Seats
|-
|width=5px style="background-color:#000000;text-align:center;" |
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Austrian People's Party]] (''Österreichische Volkspartei'')
| style="text-align:right;" |1,602,227
| style="text-align:right;" |49.80
| style="text-align:right;" |85
|-
|width=5px style="background-color:#FF0000;text-align:center;" |
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Social Democratic Party of Austria|Socialist Party of Austria]] (''Sozialistische Partei Österreichs'')
| style="text-align:right;" |1,434,898
| style="text-align:right;" |44.60
| style="text-align:right;" |76
|-
|width=5px style="background-color:#CC0000;text-align:center;" |
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Communist Party of Austria]] (''Kommunistische Partei Österreichs'')
| style="text-align:right;" |174,257
| style="text-align:right;" |5.42
| style="text-align:right;" |4
|-
|width=5px style="background-color:#C0C0C0;text-align:center;" |
| style="text-align:left;" |Democratic Party of Austria (''Demokratische Partei Österreichs'')
| style="text-align:right;" |5,972
| style="text-align:right;" |0.18
| style="text-align:right;" |0
|-
| colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" |Invalid/blank votes||35,975||–||–
|-
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" colspan=2|Total (turnout 94%)
|width="75" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|3,253,329
|width="30" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|100.0
|width="30" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|'''165'''
|-
| colspan=5 style="text-align:left;" |Source: {{cite book
|author1=Nohlen, D |author2=Stöver, P
|name-list-style=amp | year = 2010
| title = Elections in Europe: A data handbook
| page = 213
}}
|}


==Results==
{{bar box
{{Election results
| title=Popular vote
|party1=[[Austrian People's Party]]|votes1=1602227|seats1=85
| titlebar=#ddd
|party2=[[Social Democratic Party of Austria|Socialist Party of Austria]]|votes2=1434898|seats2=76
| width=600px
|party3=[[Communist Party of Austria]]|votes3=174257|seats3=4
| barwidth=410px
|party4=Democratic Party of Austria|votes4=5972|seats4=0
| bars=
|invalid=35975
{{bar percent|'''ÖVP'''|{{party color|Austrian People's Party}}|49.80}}
|electorate=3449605
{{bar percent|SPÖ|{{party color|Social Democratic Party of Austria}}|44.60}}
|source=Nohlen & Stöver<ref>[[Dieter Nohlen]] & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', pp213–219 ISBN 9873832956097</ref>
{{bar percent|KPÖ|{{party color|Communist Party of Austria}}|5.42}}
{{bar percent|DPÖ|#E5B2FF|0.18}}
}}
{{bar box
| title=Parliamentary seats
| titlebar=#ddd
| width=600px
| barwidth=410px
| bars=
{{bar percent|'''ÖVP'''|{{party color|Austrian People's Party}}|51.52}}
{{bar percent|SPÖ|{{party color|Social Democratic Party of Austria}}|46.06}}
{{bar percent|KPÖ|{{party color|Communist Party of Austria}}|2.42}}
}}
}}


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{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


{{Elections in Austria}}
{{Austrian elections}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Austrian Legislative Election, 1945}}
[[Category:Elections in Austria]]
[[Category:Elections in Austria]]
[[Category:1945 elections in Austria]]
[[Category:1945 elections in Europe|Austria]]
[[Category:Austrian Parliament|1945 election]]
[[Category:1945 elections in Austria|Parliament]]
[[Category:November 1945 events in Europe]]
[[Category:Austrian Parliament]]
[[Category:November 1945 events in Europe|Austria]]

Revision as of 19:51, 22 June 2022

1945 Austrian legislative election
← 1930 25 November 1945 1949 →
165 seats in the National Council of Austria
83 seats needed for a majority
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Leopold Figl Adolf Schärf Johann Koplenig
Party ÖVP SPÖ KPÖ
Seats won 85 76 4
Popular vote 1,602,227 1,434,898 174,257
Percentage 49.80% 44.60% 5.42%
Results of the election, showing seats won by constituency and nationwide. Constituencies are shaded according to the first-place party.
Chancellor before election

Karl Renner (Acting)
SPÖ

Elected Chancellor

Leopold Figl
ÖVP

This article is part of a series on the
Politics of Austria
Law
Executive
Legislature

Wöginger • Rendi-Wagner • Kickl • Maurer • Meinl-Reisinger •

  • Upper house of parliament

  • Joint session of both houses
Judiciary
  • (judicial review)
  • (civil and criminal cases)
  • (administrative law cases)
Elections
  • Legislative:
  • Presidential:
  • European:
Political parties
Federal states

Parliamentary elections were held in Austria on 25 November 1945, the first after World War II. The elections were held according to the Austrian election law of 1929, with all citizens at least 21 years old eligible to vote,[1] however former Nazis were banned from voting, official sources putting their numbers at around 200,000.[2]

The Austrian People's Party, comprising elements of the prewar Christian Social Party under the leadership of Leopold Figl, won a decisive victory, receiving just under half of the vote and 85 of the 165 seats in the National Council. With an outright majority of two seats, the ÖVP could have governed alone. However, Figl retained the three-party grand coalition alongside the Socialists and Communists. The Communists, who had been equally represented in the government of Figl's predecessor, Socialist Karl Renner, since the end of the war, only received one cabinet post.[3]

On 20 December 1945 the Federal Assembly unanimously elected incumbent Chancellor Renner as President. Renner swore in Figl as new chancellor on the same day.[4][5]

The Communists won only four seats, which some blamed on the conduct of the Red Army in the Soviet occupied zone of Austria.[6] This proved to be the beginning of a long decline for the Communists, though they stayed in the chamber until May 1959.

Results

PartyVotes%Seats
Austrian People's Party1,602,22749.8085
Socialist Party of Austria1,434,89844.6076
Communist Party of Austria174,2575.424
Democratic Party of Austria5,9720.190
Total3,217,354100.00165
Valid votes3,217,35498.89
Invalid/blank votes35,9751.11
Total votes3,253,329100.00
Registered voters/turnout3,449,60594.31
Source: Nohlen & Stöver[7]

References

  1. ^ Herald Journal - 24 November 1945 (Google News), retrieved 19 May 2010
  2. ^ Ottawa Citizen - 23 November 1945 (Google News), retrieved 19 May 2010
  3. ^ Federal Chancellery of Austria - Austrian Chancellors and Cabinets since 1945 Archived 2013-12-26 at the Wayback Machine, retrieved 19 May 2010
  4. ^ President of Austria - Dr. Karl Renner Archived 2011-05-14 at the Wayback Machine, retrieved 19 May 2010
  5. ^ Herald Journal - 21 December 1945 (Google News), retrieved 19 May 2010
  6. ^ The Sydney Morning Herald - 27 November 1945 (Google News), retrieved 19 May 2010
  7. ^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, pp213–219 ISBN 9873832956097
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