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== Education and early life ==
== Education and early life ==
Pääbo was born in [[Stockholm, Sweden|Stockholm]] and grew up with his mother, [[Estonia]]n chemist Karin Pääbo.<ref name=kolbert /> He was born through an extramarital affair<ref>{{cite web |last1=Schultz |first1=Isaac |title=Paleogeneticist Svante Pääbo Picks Up Nobel Prize for Human Origins Research |url=https://gizmodo.com/svante-paabo-nobel-prize-human-origins-neanderthals-1849609090 |website=Gizmodo |access-date=6 October 2022 |language=en |date=3 October 2022}}</ref> of his father, Swedish biochemist [[Sune Bergström]] (1916–2004),<ref name=kolbert /> who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with [[Bengt I. Samuelsson]] and [[John R. Vane]] in 1982.<ref name=forbes /> Pääbo has via his father's marriage a half-brother, Rurik Reenstierna,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dn.se/sverige/svante-paabo-far-nobelpriset-i-medicin/|title=Svensken Svante Pääbo får Nobelpriset i medicin|date=3 October 2022|website=Dagens Nyheter|access-date=3 October 2022|archive-date=3 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221003101930/https://www.dn.se/sverige/svante-paabo-far-nobelpriset-i-medicin/|url-status=live}}</ref> who was also born in 1955.
Pääbo was born in [[Stockholm, Sweden|Stockholm]], Sweden in 1955 with [[Estonian nationality law|Estonian-]][[Swedish nationality law|Swedish]] [[multiple citizenship|dual citizenship]] and grew up with his mother, [[Estonia]]n chemist Karin Pääbo.<ref name=kolbert /> He was born through an extramarital affair<ref>{{cite web |last1=Schultz |first1=Isaac |title=Paleogeneticist Svante Pääbo Picks Up Nobel Prize for Human Origins Research |url=https://gizmodo.com/svante-paabo-nobel-prize-human-origins-neanderthals-1849609090 |website=Gizmodo |access-date=6 October 2022 |language=en |date=3 October 2022}}</ref> of his father, Swedish biochemist [[Sune Bergström]] (1916–2004),<ref name=kolbert /> who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with [[Bengt I. Samuelsson]] and [[John R. Vane]] in 1982.<ref name=forbes /> Pääbo has via his father's marriage a half-brother, Rurik Reenstierna,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dn.se/sverige/svante-paabo-far-nobelpriset-i-medicin/|title=Svensken Svante Pääbo får Nobelpriset i medicin|date=3 October 2022|website=Dagens Nyheter|access-date=3 October 2022|archive-date=3 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221003101930/https://www.dn.se/sverige/svante-paabo-far-nobelpriset-i-medicin/|url-status=live}}</ref> who was also born in 1955.


Pääbo earned his PhD from [[Uppsala University]] in 1986 for research investigating how the E19 [[protein]] of [[adenovirus]]es modulates the [[immune system]].<ref name=phd>{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Svante |last=Pääbo |title=How the E19 protein of adenoviruses modulates the immune system |publisher=Uppsala University |year=1986 |url=http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn%3Anbn%3Ase%3Auu%3Adiva-114617 |oclc=16668494 |isbn=9155419216 |access-date=22 December 2016 |archive-date=3 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221003134617/http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A294502&dswid=261 |url-status=live }}</ref>
Pääbo earned his PhD from [[Uppsala University]] in 1986 for research investigating how the E19 [[protein]] of [[adenovirus]]es modulates the [[immune system]].<ref name=phd>{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Svante |last=Pääbo |title=How the E19 protein of adenoviruses modulates the immune system |publisher=Uppsala University |year=1986 |url=http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn%3Anbn%3Ase%3Auu%3Adiva-114617 |oclc=16668494 |isbn=9155419216 |access-date=22 December 2016 |archive-date=3 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221003134617/http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A294502&dswid=261 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Revision as of 09:55, 7 October 2022

"Paabo" redirects here. For the Estonian politician, see Rudolf Paabo.

Svante Pääbo
ForMemRS
Pääbo in 2016
Born (1955-04-20) 20 April 1955 (age 69)
Stockholm, Sweden
BildungUppsala University (PhD)
Known forPaleogenetics
Spouse
​
(m. 2008)​
Children2
Awards
Scientific career
Fields
Institutions
ThesisHow the E19 Protein of Adenoviruses Modulates the Immune System (1986)

Svante Pääbo ForMemRS (Swedish: [ˈsvânːtɛ̂ ˈpʰɛ̌ːbʊ̂];[3] born 20 April 1955) is a Swedish geneticist specialising in the field of evolutionary genetics.[4] As one of the founders of paleogenetics, he has worked extensively on the Neanderthal genome.[5][6] He is the founding director of the Department of Genetics at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, since 1997.[7][8][9] He is also a professor at Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Japan.[10]

In 2022, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his discoveries concerning the genomes of extinct hominins and human evolution".[11][12][13]

Education and early life

Pääbo was born in Stockholm, Sweden in 1955 with Estonian-Swedish dual citizenship and grew up with his mother, Estonian chemist Karin Pääbo.[5] He was born through an extramarital affair[14] of his father, Swedish biochemist Sune Bergström (1916–2004),[5] who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Bengt I. Samuelsson and John R. Vane in 1982.[15] Pääbo has via his father's marriage a half-brother, Rurik Reenstierna,[16] who was also born in 1955.

Pääbo earned his PhD from Uppsala University in 1986 for research investigating how the E19 protein of adenoviruses modulates the immune system.[17] From 1986 to 1987, he did postdoctoral research at the Institute for Molecular Biology II, University of Zurich, Switzerland. From 1987 to 1990, he was a postdoctoral researcher at the Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, United States.

Research and career

Pääbo at the 2014 Nobel Conference

Pääbo is known as one of the founders of paleogenetics, a discipline that uses genetics to study early humans and other ancient species.[18][19] In 1997, Pääbo and colleagues reported their successful sequencing of Neanderthal mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), originating from a specimen found in Feldhofer grotto in the Neander valley.[20][21]

In August 2002, Pääbo's department published findings about the "language gene", FOXP2,[22] which is mutated in some individuals with language disabilities.

In 2006, Pääbo announced a plan to reconstruct the entire genome of Neanderthals. In 2007, he was named one of Time magazine's 100 most influential people of the year.[23]

In February 2009, at the Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in Chicago, it was announced that the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology had completed the first draft version of the Neanderthal genome.[24] Over 3 billion base pairs were sequenced in collaboration with the 454 Life Sciences Corporation.[25]

In March 2010, Pääbo and his coworkers published a report about the DNA analysis of a finger bone found in the Denisova Cave in Siberia; the results suggest that the bone belonged to an extinct member of the genus Homo that had not yet been recognised, the Denisova hominin.[26]

In May 2010, Pääbo and his colleagues published a draft sequence of the Neanderthal genome in the journal Science.[27] He and his team also concluded that there was probably interbreeding between Neanderthals and Eurasian (but not Sub-Saharan African) humans.[28] There is general mainstream support in the scientific community for this theory of interbreeding between archaic and modern humans.[29] This admixture of modern human and Neanderthal genes is estimated to have occurred roughly between 50,000 and 60,000 years ago in Southern Europe.[30]

In 2014, he published the book Neanderthal Man: In Search of Lost Genomes where he, in the mixed form of a memoir and popular science, tells the story of the research effort to map the Neanderthal genome combined with his thoughts on human evolution.[15][31]

In 2020, Pääbo determined that more severe impacts upon victims of the COVID-19 disease, including the vulnerability to it and the incidence of the necessity of hospitalisation, have been associated via DNA analysis to be expressed in genetic variants at chromosomal region 3, features that are associated with European Neanderthal heritage. That structure imposes greater risks that those affected will develop a more severe form of the disease.[30] The findings are from Pääbo and researchers he leads at the Planck Institute and the Karolinska Institutet.[30]

As of October 2022, Pääbo has an h-index of 167 according to Google Scholar[4] and of 133 according to Scopus.[32]

Awards and honours

In 1992, he received the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, which is the highest honour awarded in German research. Pääbo was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 2000. In 2005, he received the prestigious Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine.[1] In 2008, Pääbo was added to the members of the Order Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts. In the same year, he received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.[33] In October 2009, the Foundation For the Future announced that Pääbo had been awarded the 2009 Kistler Prize for his work isolating and sequencing ancient DNA, beginning in 1984 with a 2,400-year-old mummy.[34] In June 2010, the Federation of European Biochemical Societies (FEBS) awarded him the Theodor Bücher Medal for outstanding achievements in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.[35] In 2013, he received Gruber Prize in Genetics for groundbreaking research in evolutionary genetics.[36] In June 2015, he was awarded the degree of DSc (honoris causa) at NUI Galway.[37] He was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society in 2016,[2] and in 2017, was awarded the Dan David Prize. In 2018, he received the Princess of Asturias Awards in the category of Scientific Research, in 2020 the Japan Prize,[38] in 2021 the Massry Prize[39] and in 2022 the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[40] for sequencing the first Neanderthal genome.[12]

Personal life

Pääbo wrote in his 2014 book Neanderthal Man: In Search of Lost Genomes that he is bisexual. He assumed he was gay until he met Linda Vigilant, an American primatologist and geneticist whose "boyish charms" attracted him. They have co-authored many papers, are married and raising a son and a daughter together in Leipzig.[41][6]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Professor Svante PÄÄBO | Jeantet". 1 October 2017. Archived from the original on 16 May 2021. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
  2. ^ a b "Svante Paabo". London: Royal Society. 2016. Archived from the original on 29 April 2016. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where:

    "All text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is available under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License." --"Royal Society Terms, conditions and policies". Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 9 March 2016.
  3. ^ Lena Nordlund, Annlouise Martin (Producers) (14 August 2014). Svante Pääbo (MP3) (Radio). Sveriges Radio. Event occurs at 1:15. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  4. ^ a b Svante Pääbo publications indexed by Google Scholar Edit this at Wikidata
  5. ^ a b c Kolbert, Elizabeth. "Sleeping with the Enemy: What happened between the Neanderthals and us?". The New Yorker. No. 15 & 22 August 2011. pp. 64–75. Archived from the original on 11 July 2022. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
  6. ^ a b Pääbo, Svante (2014). Neanderthal Man: In Search of Lost Genomes. Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-02083-6.
  7. ^ Gitschier, J. (2008). "Imagine: An Interview with Svante Pääbo". PLOS Genetics. 4 (3). PLOS: e1000035. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000035. PMC 2274957. PMID 18369454.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  8. ^ Zagorski, N. (2006). "Profile of Svante Pääbo". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103 (37): 13575–13577. Bibcode:2006PNAS..10313575Z. doi:10.1073/pnas.0606596103. PMC 1564240. PMID 16954182.
  9. ^ "Svante Paabo at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology". Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  10. ^ "Svante Pääbo". OIST Groups. 29 April 2020. Archived from the original on 24 October 2021. Retrieved 3 October 2022.
  11. ^ "Press release: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2022". Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 October 2022.
  12. ^ a b Grover, Natalie; Pollard, Niklas; Ahlander, Johan (3 October 2022). "Swedish geneticist wins Nobel medicine prize for decoding ancient DNA". Reuters. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 October 2022.
  13. ^ "Nobel laureate Svante Paabo's ancient DNA discoveries shed light on what makes us human". Onmanorama. 6 October 2022. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  14. ^ Schultz, Isaac (3 October 2022). "Paleogeneticist Svante Pääbo Picks Up Nobel Prize for Human Origins Research". Gizmodo. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  15. ^ a b Peter Forbes (20 February 2014) Neanderthal Man: In Search of Lost Genomes by Svante Pääbo – review Archived 1 December 2021 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ "Svensken Svante Pääbo får Nobelpriset i medicin". Dagens Nyheter. 3 October 2022. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 October 2022.
  17. ^ Pääbo, Svante (1986). How the E19 protein of adenoviruses modulates the immune system (PhD thesis). Uppsala University. ISBN 9155419216. OCLC 16668494. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 22 December 2016.
  18. ^ "Svante Paabo publications in PubMed". Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  19. ^ "Edge: Mapping the Neanderthal Genome – A Conversation With Svante Pääbo". Archived from the original on 13 December 2012. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  20. ^ Krings, M; Stone, A; Schmitz, Rw; Krainitzki, H; Stoneking, M; Pääbo, S (1997). "Neandertal DNA sequences and the origin of modern humans". Cell. 90 (1): 19–30. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80310-4. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0025-0960-8. ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 9230299. S2CID 13581775.
  21. ^ Rincon, Paul (11 April 2018). "How ancient DNA is transforming our view of the past". BBC. Archived from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
  22. ^ Enard, W.; Przeworski, M.; Fisher, S. E.; Lai, C. S. L.; Wiebe, V.; Kitano, T.; Monaco, A. P.; Pääbo, S. (2002). "Molecular evolution of FOXP2, a gene involved in speech and language". Nature. 418 (6900): 869–872. Bibcode:2002Natur.418..869E. doi:10.1038/nature01025. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-CB89-A. PMID 12192408. S2CID 4416233.
  23. ^ Venter, J. C. (2007). "Time 100 scientists & thinkers. Svante Paabo". Time. Vol. 169, no. 20. p. 116. PMID 17536326.
  24. ^ Callaway, Ewen (12 February 2009) First draft of Neanderthal genome is unveiled Archived 3 October 2022 at the Wayback Machine New Scientist, Life. Retrieved 13 February 2015
  25. ^ "Neanderthal genome completed". Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (Press release). 12 February 2009. Archived from the original on 27 November 2021. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
  26. ^ Krause, J.; Fu, Q.; Good, J. M.; Viola, B.; Shunkov, M. V.; Derevianko, A. P.; Pääbo, S. (2010). "The complete mitochondrial DNA genome of an unknown hominin from southern Siberia". Nature. 464 (7290): 894–897. Bibcode:2010Natur.464..894K. doi:10.1038/nature08976. PMID 20336068.
  27. ^ Green, R. E.; Krause, J.; Briggs, A. W.; Maricic, T.; Stenzel, U.; Kircher, M.; Patterson, N.; Li, H.; Zhai, W.; Fritz, M. H. Y.; Hansen, N. F.; Durand, E. Y.; Malaspinas, A. S.; Jensen, J. D.; Marques-Bonet, T.; Alkan, C.; Prüfer, K.; Meyer, M.; Burbano, H. A.; Good, J. M.; Schultz, R.; Aximu-Petri, A.; Butthof, A.; Höber, B.; Höffner, B.; Siegemund, M.; Weihmann, A.; Nusbaum, C.; Lander, E. S.; Russ, C.; et al. (2010). "A Draft Sequence of the Neandertal Genome". Science. 328 (5979): 710–722. Bibcode:2010Sci...328..710G. doi:10.1126/science.1188021. PMC 5100745. PMID 20448178..
  28. ^ Rincon, Paul (2010). "Neanderthal genes 'survive in us'". BBC. Archived from the original on 14 August 2012. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
  29. ^ Lalueza-Fox, C; Gilbert, MTP (2011). "Paleogenomics of Archaic Hominins". Current Biology. 21 (24): R1002–R1009. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2011.11.021. PMID 22192823. S2CID 14371551.
  30. ^ a b c The ancient Neanderthal in severe COVID-19 Archived 4 May 2021 at the Wayback Machine, Science News, 30 September 2020. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
  31. ^ Simon Underdown (3 April 2014) Neanderthal Man: In Search of Lost Genomes, by Svante Pääbo Archived 14 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine Times Higher Education. Retrieved 1 July 2014
  32. ^ "Scopus preview – Pääbo, Svante – Author details – Scopus". scopus.com. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
  33. ^ "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement. Archived from the original on 15 December 2016. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
  34. ^ "Foundation For the Future has selected Dr. Svante Pääbo as the 2009 winner of the Kistler Prize". Archived from the original on 26 July 2011. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  35. ^ "FEBS MEDALS: The Theodor Bücher Lecture and Medal". Archived from the original on 26 July 2011. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  36. ^ "Gruber Genetics Prize for Svante Pääbo". MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT. Archived from the original on 17 March 2013. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
  37. ^ "ONE OF WORLD'S MOST INFLUENTIAL SCIENTISTS TO SPEAK AT NUI GALWAY". Archived from the original on 16 June 2015. Retrieved 13 June 2015.
  38. ^ "The Japan Prize Foundation". japanprize.jp. Archived from the original on 4 February 2021. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
  39. ^ "Current Laureates". Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
  40. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2022". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 October 2022.
  41. ^ Powledge, Tabitha M. (6 March 2014). "Sexy Science: Neanderthals, Svante Pääbo and the story of how sex shaped modern humans". Genetic Literary Project. Archived from the original on 22 November 2021. Retrieved 3 August 2019.
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