Roman Catholic Diocese of Isernia-Venafro: Difference between revisions
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*Niccolò II (1379 - ?) |
*Niccolò II (1379 - ?) |
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*[[Cristoforo Maroni]] (1387 – 1389)<ref>On 18 December 1389, Maroni was appointed Cardinal-Priest of [[San Ciriaco alle Terme Diocleziane]] by [[Pope Boniface IX]]. He died on 4 December 1404. Eubel I, pp. 25, no. 4; 287.</ref> |
*[[Cristoforo Maroni]] (1387 – 1389)<ref>On 18 December 1389, Maroni was appointed Cardinal-Priest of [[San Ciriaco alle Terme Diocleziane]] by [[Pope Boniface IX]]. He died on 4 December 1404. Eubel I, pp. 25, no. 4; 287.</ref> |
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*Domenico (1390 - 1402) ''Roman Obedience''<ref>Domenico was appointed bishop of Isernia on 30 May 1390 by [[Pope Boniface IX]]. On 18 August 1402, Bishop Domenico was named Bishop of Sessa Aurunca. Eubel I, pp. 287,</ref> |
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*Andrea Serao (1402) ''Roman Obedience''<ref>Bishop Andrea had previously been Bishop of Squillace, from 26 September 1392. He was named Bishop of Isernia in 1402, and, on 11 October 1402, he was named bishop of Potenza. On 17 November 1404, Bishop Andrea was transferred to the diocese of Cajazzo. He died in 1422. Eibel I. pp. 287, 407, 462.</ref> |
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*Antonio De Rossi (1402 - 1404)<ref>Antonius was named BIshop of Isernia by [[Pope Boniface IX]] on 2 October 1402. On 12 July 1404, Bishop de Rossi was named bishop of Terracina.</ref> |
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*Niccolò III, O.S.B. (14 May 1404 - ? ) |
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*[[Carlo Setari]] (12 Jan 1470 – 1486 Died)<ref name=HierarchiaII-Isernia>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/hierarchiacathol02eubeuoft#page/168/2up|first=Konrad|last=Eubel|author-link=Konrad Eubel|title=Hierarchia catholica medii et recentioris aevi |volume=II|pages=169|date=1914|publisher=Libreria Regensbergiana|location=Münster|edition=second}} ''(in Latin)''</ref> |
*[[Carlo Setari]] (12 Jan 1470 – 1486 Died)<ref name=HierarchiaII-Isernia>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/hierarchiacathol02eubeuoft#page/168/2up|first=Konrad|last=Eubel|author-link=Konrad Eubel|title=Hierarchia catholica medii et recentioris aevi |volume=II|pages=169|date=1914|publisher=Libreria Regensbergiana|location=Münster|edition=second}} ''(in Latin)''</ref> |
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Revision as of 06:06, 16 November 2022
This article needs additional citations for verification. (November 2016) |
Diocese of Isernia-Venafro Dioecesis Aeserniensis-Venafrensis | |
---|---|
Standort | |
Land | Italien |
Ecclesiastical province | Campobasso-Boiano |
Statistics | |
Area | 740 km2 (290 sq mi) |
Population - Total - Catholics | (as of 2019) 63,800 (est.) 62,800 (guess) |
Parishes | 48 |
Information | |
Denomination | Catholic Church |
Rite | Roman Rite |
Established | 5th Century |
Cathedral | Cattedrale di S. Pietro Apostolo (Isernia) |
Co-cathedral | Concattedrale di S. Maria Assunta (Venafro) |
Secular priests | 41 (diocesan) 22 (Religious Orders) |
Current leadership | |
Pope | Francis |
Bishop | Camillo Cibotti |
Website | |
www.diocesiiserniavenafro.it |
The Italian Catholic diocese of Isernia-Venafro (Latin: Dioecesis Aeserniensis-Venafrensis) in Molise, is a suffragan of the archdiocese of Campobasso-Boiano. In 1852 the historic diocese of Isernia was combined with the diocese of Venafro, to form the diocese of Isernia e Venafro.[1][2] The seat of the present bishop is Isernia Cathedral, while Venafro Cathedral has become a co-cathedral in the new diocese.
History
The epoch of Bishop Benedict of Isernia, and indeed his very existence, is without any documentary evidence at all. It is even claimed that he had predecessors, beginning with Poltinus, who was consecrated a bishop by Saint Peter the Apostle himself.[3] That the existence of the episcopal see in the fifth century is certain is likewise a doubtful proposition.[4] though each of the purported bishops has been assigned to other dioceses.[5]
After the Lombard invasions, Isernia was the seat of a countship, founded by the Duke of Benevento. It was destroyed by the Saracens in the ninth century. In 847, the entire city of Isernia was destroyed by an earthquake, with great loss of life, including the bishop.[6]
On 5 May 964, the Lombard princes, Pandulfus and Landulfus, granted the town of Isernia with all its territories to Count Landulfus, at the plea of Bishop Ardericus. The grant recites the boundaries of the territory.[7]
In 1199 it was sacked by Markward von Annweiler, the vicar of the deceased Emperor Henry VI. On 5 December 1456, another great earthquake caused heavy damage and deaths in the area of Isernia.[8] In 1688, both cities were damaged, though apparently the greatest damage was the loss of the church of the Carmelites in Venafro.[9] In 1805, Isernia was struck by a severe earthquake, which ruined the ancient cathedral.[10]
In 1032 the Diocese of Venafro (The town was formerly the seat of Roman country residences) was united to Isernia,[11] and in 1230 it was again separated.
On 12 November 1192, the city of Venafro was sacked and burned by the German troops of the Emperor Henry VI, led by Duke Bertold. Bishop Gentile was forced to flee. He sought refuge in Aversa, whose leaders persuaded him to become their bishop.[12] The ecclesiastical leaders in Venafro and in Isernia immediately began to air various grievances against one another, which led to litigation. Numerous citations of the parties to appear before Cardinal Gerardo of S. Adriano, the judge whom Pope Celestine III had appointed, were ignored or put off to a later time. Exasperated, the cardinal authorized the chapter of the Cathedral at Venafro to proceed to elect their own bishop.[13] The Chapter elected Johannes de Abner, but when the pope heard that they had chosen someone who was not even in Holy Orders, he voided the election.[14] Finally, in 1195, he confirmed one R[ - - -] as the new bishop of Venafro.[15] Since the absence of a bishop at Isernia was causing great detriment, Pope Celestine appointed R., the bishop-elect of Venafro, to be the bishop of Isernia as well, ordering the Chapter to obey R. as if they had elected him themselves.[16]
On 18 June 1852, in the bull "Sollicitudinem Animarum", Pope Pius IX united the diocese of Isernia and the diocese of Venafro under the governance of one single bishop, aeque personaliter, to be called the diocese of Isernia e Venafro.[17]
Bishops
Diocese of Isernia
to 1379
- ...
- [Anonymous] (d. 847)[18]
- ...
- Odelgarius (attested 877)[19]
- ...
- [Anonymous] (attested 943)[20]
- [Landus (Lando)] [(946)][21]
- ...
- Ardericus (attested 964–975)[22]
- ...
- Gerardus (attested 1032)[23]
- ...
- Petrus of Ravenna, O.S.B. (attested c. 1059)[24]
- Raynaldus (attested 1170 – 1183)[25]
- ...
- Gentile (attested 1192)[26]
- Sede vacante (1192 – 1195)
- [R - - -] (attested 1195)[27]
- Darius (1207 – 1211)[28]
- Theodorus
- Hugo (attested 1244)
- Nicolaus
- Henricus da S. Germano, O.Min. (1267 – 1276)[29]
- Matthaeus (1276 – 1287?)
- Robertus
- Jacobus
- Petrus
- Conradus Rampini (1330) Bishop-elect[30]
from 1379 to 1600
- Niccolò II (1379 - ?)
- Cristoforo Maroni (1387 – 1389)[35]
- Domenico (1390 - 1402) Roman Obedience[36]
- Andrea Serao (1402) Roman Obedience[37]
- Antonio De Rossi (1402 - 1404)[38]
- Niccolò III, O.S.B. (14 May 1404 - ? )
- ...
- Carlo Setari (12 Jan 1470 – 1486 Died)[39]
- Francesco Adami (10 Apr 1486 – 1497 Died)[39]
- Costantino Castriota detto Scanderbeg (2 Oct 1497 – 1500 Died)[39]
- Giovanni Olivieri (8 Apr 1500 – 1510 Died)[39][40]
- Massimo Bruni Corvino (30 Sep 1510 – 1522 Died)[40]
- Christopher Numar of Forlì, O.F.M. Obs. (17 Apr 1523 – 19 Dec 1524 Resigned)[40]
- Antonio Numai (19 Dec 1524 – 1567 Resigned)[40]
- Giovanni Battista Lomellino (17 Mar 1567 – 22 Nov 1599 Died)[40]
- Paolo De Curtis, C.R. (15 Mar 1600 – 1606 Resigned)[41][42]
- Alessio Geromoaddi (24 Apr 1606 – 6 Apr 1611 Died)[41]
- Marcantonio Genovesi (26 Sep 1611 – 7 Nov 1624 Died)[41]
- Gian Gerolamo Campanili (27 Jan 1625 – 22 Jun 1626 Died)[41]
- Diego Merino, O. Carm. (24 Aug 1626 – 1 Jan 1637 Died)[41]
- Domenico Giordani, O.F.M. (17 Aug 1637 – 11 Feb 1640 Died)[41]
from 1640 to 1861
- Marcello Stella (26 Mar 1640 – 1642 Died)[41]
- Gerolamo Mascambruno (11 Aug 1642 – May 1643 Died)[41]
- Pietro Paolo de' Rustici, O.S.B. (14 Dec 1643 – 28 Oct 1652 Died)[41]
- Gerolamo Bollini, O.S.B. (9 Jun 1653 – 1660 Died)[41]
- Tiburzio Bollini, O.S.B. (28 May 1657 – 1662 Died)[41]
- Michelangelo Catalani, O.F.M. Conv. (20 Sep 1660 – 1672 Died)[41]
- Gerolamo Passarelli (30 Jan 1673 – 14 Nov 1689 Appointed, Archbishop of Salerno)
- Michele de Bologna, C.R. (6 Mar 1690 – 11 Dec 1698 Resigned)
- Biagio Terzi (22 Dec 1698 – May 1717 Died)
- Giovanni Saverio Lioni (20 Dec 1717 – 22 Nov 1730 Appointed, Bishop of Melfi e Rapolla)
- Giuseppe Isidoro Persico (18 Jun 1731 – May 1739 Died)
- Giacinto Maria Jannucci (14 Dec 1739 – 26 Mar 1757 Died)
- Erasmo Mastrilli, O.S.B. (26 Sep 1757 – Jan 1769 Died)
- Michelangelo della Peruta (21 Aug 1769 – 30 Oct 1806 Died)
- Michele Ruopoli (25 May 1818 – 24 Dec 1821 Died)
- Salvatore Maria Pignattaro, O.P. (24 Nov 1823 – 24 Jan 1825 Resigned)
- Adeodato Gomez Cardosa (19 Dec 1825 – 4 Jul 1834 Died)
- Gennaro Saladino (19 May 1837 – 27 Apr 1861 Died)
Diocese of Isernia e Venafro
United: 18 June 1852 with Diocese of Venafro
- Antonio Izzo (23 Feb 1872 – 24 Oct 1879 Died)
- Agnello Renzullo (27 Feb 1880 – 23 Jun 1890 Appointed, Bishop of Nola)
- Francesco Paolo Carrano (4 Jun 1891 – 16 Jan 1893 Appointed, Archbishop of L'Aquila)
- Nicola Maria Merola (12 Jun 1893 – 24 Sep 1915 Died)
- Nicola Rotoli, O.F.M. (28 Mar 1916 – 27 Apr 1932 Died)
- Francesco Pietro Tesauri (13 Mar 1933 – 25 May 1939 Appointed, Archbishop of Lanciano e Ortona)
- Alberto Carinci (25 Mar 1940 – 28 Apr 1948 Appointed, Bishop of Boiano-Campobasso)
- Giovanni Lucato, S.D.B. (21 Jun 1948 – 1 May 1962 Died)
- Achille Palmerini (11 Jul 1962 – 7 Apr 1983 Retired)
- Ettore Di Filippo (7 Apr 1983 – 28 Oct 1989 Appointed, Archbishop of Campobasso-Boiano)
- Andrea Gemma, F.D.P. (7 Dec 1990 – 5 Aug 2006 Retired)
- Salvatore Visco (5 Apr 2007 – 30 Apr 2013 Appointed, Archbishop of Capua)
- Camillo Cibotti (8 May 2014 – )
See also
References
- ^ "Diocese of Isernia-Venafro" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David m. Cheney. Retrieved January 30, 2016
- ^ "Diocese of Isernia-Venafro" GCatholic. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved January 30, 2016
- ^ Sannicola, in: D'Avino, p. 272.
- ^ Ughelli VI, p. 366. Kehr VIII, p. 242: "In antiqua hac Samnitum civitate iam olim episcopatus quin exstiterit dubium non est, etsi notitiae ante saec. X de episcopis servatae minima fide dignae sunt."
- ^ Francesco Lanzoni (1927), Le diocesi d'Italia dalle origini al principio del secolo VII (an. 604), (in Italian), (Faenza: F. Lega), p. 380: "un s. Benedetto; ma pienamente sconosciuto (cf. A(cta) S(anctorum), mai, I, 500). Seguono nel catalogo Ughelliano un Laurentius (401-17), un Eutodius (465), un Marias (499), un Innocentius (501-2) e un Sebastianus (595) ; ma tutti fuori di luogo. II primo è detto nel documenti {J-L, 318) « episcopus seniensis », probabilmente dell' Illirico; il secondo, il terzo e il quarto spettano a Tifernum (Città di Castello); e l'ultimo a Resinum nella Dalmazia {J-L, 1096; 1853)." Cappelletti XX, pp. 128-129.
- ^ Mario Baratta (1901). I terremoti d'Italia [Earthquakes in Italy] (in Italian). Turin: Fratelli Bocca. p. 15.: "Per questo parossismo Isernia fu quasi interamente distrutta con grande numero di vittime : presso il monastero di S. Vincenzo parecchie case furono rovinate." Cappelletti XX, p. 156.
- ^ Ughelli VI, pp. 594-595. Cappelletti XX, p. 156.
- ^ Baratta, p. 70: "Isernia (Campobasso) — distrutta: morti 1200 circa;" p. 73: "Venafro (Campobasso) — fu grandemente danneggiato."
- ^ Baratta, p. 160.
- ^ Baratta, p. 792.
- ^ Ughelli VI, p. 394: "...consecravimus praesulem eorum jam supradictum Gerardum confratrem nostrum gubernanei ac regendi praedicta Ecclesia cum omnibus suis ecclesiis, sive monasteriis infra eodem Comitatu Iserniensis, et Comitatyu Venafrano, et infra Comitatu BOjonensis, et in tota terra pertinentes monasterii S. Vincentii." Cappelletti XX, p. 157.
- ^ K. Hampl, "Der schlimme Bischof Gentilis von Aversa," Mitteilungen aus der Capuaner Briefsammlung, III, (Heidelberg: C. Winter, 1911) [Sitzungsberichte der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaten. 1911], p. 4. Kehr VIII, p. 240, no. 6, with note.
- ^ Kehr VIII, p. 240, nos. 6 and 7. This would have taken place in 1193 and 1194.
- ^ Kehr VIII, p. 240, no. 8.
- ^ Kehr VIII, p. 241, no. 9. The pope says explicitly that the strife had gone on for two years and more.
- ^ Kehr VIII, p. 241, nos. 9, 10, 11.
- ^ Collezione degli atti emanati dopo la pubblicazione del Concordato dell'anno 1818 Vol. 13 (Napoli: Stamp. dell'Iride, 1854), (in Italian and Latin), pp. 42-66.
- ^ A bishop of Isernia, whose name is not preserved, died in the earthquake of 847. Cappelletti XX, p. 156. Leo Marsicanus, "Chronicon Casinense" I. 28, in: Monumenta Germaniae Historica Scriptorum Tomus VII, pp. 600-601.
- ^ Bishop Odelgarius attended the Council of Ravenna of Pope John VIII in November 877, and subscribed the official letter. J.D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus XVII (Venice: A. Zatta 1772), p. 342. Cappelletti XX, p. 156.
- ^ Kehr VIII, p. 242: "Primus quem novimus episcopus occurrit in quadam charta a. 943, cuius autographum in archive capituli adhuc servatur."
- ^ Ughelli VI, p. 593, no. 6, citing the "Chronicon Casinense". The passage he quotes, however, refers to the earthquake of 847, and makes no mention of "Landus". Cappelletti XX, p. 156, translates Ughelli, but leaves out the erroneous quotation.
- ^ Ardericus: Cappelletti XX, pp. 156-157.
- ^ Gerardus was consecrated bishop of Isernia at the request of the clergy of Isernia by Archbishop Adenulphus of Capua on 17 October 1032. The certificate of consecration and confirmation of privileges and properties is also signed by Bishop Jaquintus. Ughelli VI, pp. 394-395.
- ^ Pope Nicholas II (1058–1061) consecrated Petrus, a monk of Montecassino, as bishop of Venafro and Isernia. Kehr VIII, p. 243, no. 1. "Chronicon Casinense" III. 14, in: Monumenta Germaniae Historica Scriptorum Tomus VII, p. 706.
- ^ Bishop Raynaldus was present at the Third Lateran Council, of Pope Alexander III in March 1179. On 20 March 1182, Pope Lucius III granted Bishop Raynaldus a privilege, in which he delimited the territory of the bishop of Isernia's jurisdiction, naming the towns and parishes, which included Venafro. Ughelli VI, pp. 396-398.
- ^ Bishop Gentile was forced to flee from Venafro in November 1192, and seek refuge in Aversa. K. Hampl, "Der schlimme Bischof Gentilis von Aversa," Mitteilungen aus der Capuaner Briefsammlung, III, (Heidelberg: C. Winter, 1911) [Sitzungsberichte der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaten. 1911], p. 4. Kehr VIII, p. 240, no. 6, with note.
- ^ It has been presumed that R. was bishop until 1207.
- ^ Darius: Eubel I, p. 286.
- ^ Henricus: Ughelli VI, p. 398, no. 19. Eubel I, p. 287.
- ^ Following the death of Bishop Petrus, the cathedral Chapter met and elected one of themselves, Canon Conradus Judici Ramputi, as bishop. At the same time, the Archpriest of Isernia, Nicolaus Andreae of Isernia, who was at the papal court in Avignon at the time, was elected bishop and confirmed by the Archbishop of Capua. Nicolaus appealed to the pope and instituted a legal process. Conradus, who had appeared at the papal court, died during the litigation. The Franciscan Henri was appointed instead. Eubel I, p. 287. G. Mollat, Jean XXII: Lettres communes Tome IX (Paris: E. De Boccard 1929), p. 359, no. 50072.
- ^ The matter of the dual election of a bishop of Isernia following the death of Bishop Petrus, was handed over to Cardinal Bertrand, Bishop of Tusculum, for judgment. One of the litigants, Conradus, died during the proceedings. Pope John XXII then intervened, pointing out that he had reserved the appointment of all bishops to the pope (quod nos diu ante huiusmodi obitum ipsius Conradi omnes ecclesias cathedrales ... reservavimus) provided (appointed) the professed Franciscan priest Henricus. Henricus was consecrated in Avignon by Cardinal Guillaume, Bishop of Sabina. Conradus Eubel (ed.), Bullarium Franciscanum Tomus V (Rome: Typis Vaticanis 1898), p. 469, no. 858 (4 July 1330). Eubel I, p. 287.
- ^ Guillelmus had been appointed Bishop of Cività Castellana in 1324 by [[Pope John XXII], who transferred him to Isernia on 13 November 1331. Eubel I, pp. 190, 287.
- ^ On 8 November 1367, Bishop Filippo was named bishop of Tivoli.
- ^ In religion Paolo da Roma, Paolo was appointed bishop of Isernia on 22 December 1367 by Pope Urban V. On 3 February 1379, Bishop Francesco was named archbishop of Monreale (Sicily). On retirement, on 8 April 1418 he was given the honorary title of bishop of Thessaloniki (Macedonia), while at Monreale there was a struggle between Boniface IX (Roman Obedience) and Benedict XIII (Avignon Obedience). Eubel I, pp. 287, 349, 484.
- ^ On 18 December 1389, Maroni was appointed Cardinal-Priest of San Ciriaco alle Terme Diocleziane by Pope Boniface IX. He died on 4 December 1404. Eubel I, pp. 25, no. 4; 287.
- ^ Domenico was appointed bishop of Isernia on 30 May 1390 by Pope Boniface IX. On 18 August 1402, Bishop Domenico was named Bishop of Sessa Aurunca. Eubel I, pp. 287,
- ^ Bishop Andrea had previously been Bishop of Squillace, from 26 September 1392. He was named Bishop of Isernia in 1402, and, on 11 October 1402, he was named bishop of Potenza. On 17 November 1404, Bishop Andrea was transferred to the diocese of Cajazzo. He died in 1422. Eibel I. pp. 287, 407, 462.
- ^ Antonius was named BIshop of Isernia by Pope Boniface IX on 2 October 1402. On 12 July 1404, Bishop de Rossi was named bishop of Terracina.
- ^ a b c d Eubel, Konrad (1914). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentioris aevi. Vol. II (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana. p. 169. (in Latin)
- ^ a b c d e Eubel, Konrad (1923). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentioris aevi. Vol. III (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana. p. 214. (in Latin)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 211.
- ^ "Bishop Paolo De Curtis, C.R." Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved November 24, 2016
Bibliography
Episcopal lists
- Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1913). Hierarchia catholica, Tomus 1 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana. (in Latin)
- Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1914). Hierarchia catholica, Tomus 2 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
- Eubel, Conradus; Gulik, Guilelmus (1923). Hierarchia catholica, Tomus 3 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
- Gams, Pius Bonifatius (1873). Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae: quotquot innotuerunt a beato Petro apostolo (in Latin). Ratisbon: Typis et Sumptibus Georgii Josephi Manz.
- Gauchat, Patritius (Patrice) (1935). Hierarchia catholica IV (1592-1667). Münster: Libraria Regensbergiana. Retrieved 2016-07-06.
- Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1952). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentis aevi V (1667-1730). Patavii: Messagero di S. Antonio. Retrieved 2016-07-06.
- Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1958). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentis aevi VI (1730-1799). Patavii: Messagero di S. Antonio. Retrieved 2016-07-06.
- Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1968). Hierarchia Catholica medii et recentioris aevi (in Latin). Vol. VII (1800–1846). Monasterii: Libreria Regensburgiana.
- Remigius Ritzler; Pirminus Sefrin (1978). Hierarchia catholica Medii et recentioris aevi (in Latin). Vol. VIII (1846–1903). Il Messaggero di S. Antonio.
- Pięta, Zenon (2002). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentioris aevi (in Latin). Vol. IX (1903–1922). Padua: Messagero di San Antonio. ISBN 978-88-250-1000-8.
Studies
- Cappelletti, Giuseppe (1866). Le chiese d'Italia della loro origine sino ai nostri giorni (in Italian). Vol. vigesimo (20). Venezia: Giuseppe Antonelli. pp. 127–180.
- D'Avino, Vincenzo (1848). Cenni storici sulle chiese arcivescovili, vescovili, e prelatizie (nullius) del Regno delle Due Sicilie (in Italian). dalle stampe di Ranucci. pp. 271-284. [text by Giovanni Sannicola]
- Kehr, Paul Fridolin (1935). Italia pontificia. Vol. VIII: Regnum Normannorum — Campania. Berlin: Weidmann. (in Latin)
- Ughelli, Ferdinando; Coleti, Niccolo (1720). Italia sacra sive De episcopis Italiæ, et insularum adjacentium (in Latin). Vol. Tomus sextus (6). Venice: apud Sebastianum Coleti. pp. 366-405 (Isernia), 579-586 (Venafro).
External links
- Benigni, Umberto. "Isernia and Venafro." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 8. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. Retrieved: 14 November 2022.