Gunggari people: Difference between revisions
mNo edit summary |
added more stuff to intro, ipa, etc Tags: Visual edit Disambiguation links added |
||
Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
{{use dmy dates|date=April 2019}} |
{{use dmy dates|date=April 2019}} |
||
{{use Australian English|date=July 2020}} |
{{use Australian English|date=July 2020}} |
||
The '''Gunggari''', or '''Kunggari''', are an [[Aboriginal Australian]] |
The '''Gunggari''' ([[Help:IPA|/ˈgʊŋgəri/]] [[Help:Pronunciation respelling key|GUUNG-gə-ree]]), or '''Kunggari''', are an [[Aboriginal Australian]] tribe of southern [[Queensland]].{{sfn|NTTC|n.d.}} The traditional land of the Gunggari centres on the [[Maranoa River]] and overlaps with the land of the surrounding [[Mandandanji|Mandandanji,]] [[Kooma]], [[Kunja]], [[Margany]], [[Dharawala]], [[Bidjara (Warrego River)|Bidjara]] and [[Nguri people|Nguri]] peoples. They are to be distinguished from the [[Kuungkari]], who also border Dharawala country. |
||
==Country== |
==Country== |
||
The traditional |
The traditional lands of the Gunggari stretch over some {{convert|8,200|mi2|km2}}, taking in the [[Nebine, Queensland|Upper Nebine]] and [[Mungallala]] creeks from Bonna Vonna and [[Bollon, Queensland|Ballon]]{{efn|Using Tindale's spelling, in case his "Ballon" is a different place from "Bollon". {{harv|Tindale|1974|p=178}}}} north to [[Morven, Queensland|Morven]] and Mungallala.{{sfn|Tindale|1974|p=178}} |
||
== Language == |
== Language == |
Revision as of 11:10, 17 August 2023
The Gunggari (/ˈgʊŋgəri/ GUUNG-gə-ree), or Kunggari, are an Aboriginal Australian tribe of southern Queensland.[1] The traditional land of the Gunggari centres on the Maranoa River and overlaps with the land of the surrounding Mandandanji, Kooma, Kunja, Margany, Dharawala, Bidjara and Nguri peoples. They are to be distinguished from the Kuungkari, who also border Dharawala country.
Land
The traditional lands of the Gunggari stretch over some 8,200 square miles (21,000 km2), taking in the Upper Nebine and Mungallala creeks from Bonna Vonna and Ballon[a] north to Morven and Mungallala.[2]
Sprache
The Gunggari language is a member of the Maric language family. It is closely related to, and sometimes considered a dialect of neighbouring Bidjara and Manandanji languages[3].As of 2021, there are only 3 native speakers.[4] Since 2013, the language has been taught in St Patrick's school, Mitchell and is being actively revived.
History
The Gunggari people were first contacted by Europeans in 1846 when Commissioner of Crown Lands, Roderick Mitchell, and his father, surveyor Thomas Mitchell, was on an expedition through the Maranoa District.[5] The following year, Ludwig Leichhardt also made contact[6]
In 1854, Edmund Morey occupied the Mitchell Downs pastoral run, which, after its conversion to a hotel, began the growth of Mitchell.[7] This was resisted by the Gunggari people.
After Australia's federation in 1901, the Australian Government began the systemic removal of many Australian Aboriginals from their native lands. In 1906-1907, a number of Gunggari people were removed from the Forest Vale region. Many Aboriginal people of the region took refuge on the Yumba, a shantytown to the east of Mitchell. The Yumba contained houses and humpies, and a schoolhouse until its relocation to Mitchell State School in 1948. In 1968, citing safety concerns from the lack of a sanitation system, the Yumba was demolished and the residents were forced to move into the neighbouring towns.[8]
In the early 1990s, the Yumba's old schoolhouse was returned to the Yumba after successful lobbying from local Aboriginal people. It now stands as a museum of the Yumba.[9]
A 1996 court case[10] permitted Tenneco Energy Australia to install a pipeline through Gunggari, Mandandanji and Bidjarra land. The proposal for a pipeline was approved after the initial application, although this approval was later revoked by the Gunggari people. Smith on behalf of The Gunggari People v Tenneco Energy Queensland Pty. Ltd and The State of Queensland and Goolburri Aboriginal Corporation Land Council ruled that Tenneco Energy could carry on with construction.
In 2012, the Gunggari People were granted native title over 1,184km2[11] of land. In 2014, a further 146.2km2[12] was granted as native title. After a third determination, the Gunggari People have native title over approximately 19,400km2[13] of land, greatly exceeding the initial application for 13589.2km[14] of land.
Social Organisation
According to information supplied by James Lalor to Alfred William Howitt, the Gunggari clan names were as follows:
- Urgilla. Totem = Ngorgu (Kangaroo)
- Anbeir. Totem = Bondun (Bandicoot)
- Wango. Totems =(a)Tonga (opossum) (b)Bulbora (flying fox)
- Ubur. Totems = (a) Tambool (Brown snake) (b)Abboia (lizard)[15]
Native title
The Gunggari people received a positive determination of native title in 2012. This is now administered by the Gunggari Native Title Aboriginal Corporation (GNTAC), a Registered Native Title Body Corporate (RNTBC). More information on native title in Australia and Gunggari land and culture is available at the GNTAC website.[16][17][18]
Notable people
- Johnathan Thurston (b. 1983), former rugby league player
Alternative names
- Congaro
- Coongurri
- Gungari, Gunggari, Goongarree
- Kogai (language name)
- Kogurre
- Kungeri
- Kungri
- Ngaragari. (Koamu word for the tongue spoken between Bollon and Nebine Creek)
- Unggari
- Unggri, Unghi
- Ungorri
Notes
- ^ Using Tindale's spelling, in case his "Ballon" is a different place from "Bollon". (Tindale 1974, p. 178)
Citations
- ^ NTTC n.d.
- ^ Tindale 1974, p. 178.
- ^ SLQ n.d.
- ^ https://www.abc.net.au/news/phoebe-hosier/9493086 (26 May 2021). "Less than 2pc of Queensland schools teach Indigenous language, but this outback school is turning that around". ABC News. Retrieved 6 August 2023.
{{cite news}}
: External link in
(help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)|last=
- ^ "Native Title – Gunggari Native Title Aboriginal Corporation". Retrieved 31 July 2023.
- ^ "Kearns on behalf of the Gunggari People #2 v State of Queensland [2012] FCA 651". www.judgments.fedcourt.gov.au. Retrieved 6 August 2023.
- ^ "Mitchell | Queensland Places". www.queenslandplaces.com.au. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
- ^ "Mitchell - Life on the Yumba". swqict. Retrieved 6 August 2023.
- ^ "Mitchell - Yumba Museum". swqict. Retrieved 6 August 2023.
- ^ "Smith on behaif of The Gunggari People v. Tenneco Energy Queensland Pty. Ltd and The State of Queensland and Goolburri Aboriginal Corporation Land Council". Australian Indigenous Law Reporter. 1 (4): 594–601. 1996. ISSN 1323-7756.
- ^ "Native Title – Gunggari Native Title Aboriginal Corporation". Retrieved 6 August 2023.
- ^ "Application Details". www.nntt.gov.au. Retrieved 6 August 2023.
- ^ "Native Title – Gunggari Native Title Aboriginal Corporation". Retrieved 6 August 2023.
- ^ "Application Details". www.nntt.gov.au. Retrieved 6 August 2023.
- ^ Howitt 1904, pp. 110–111.
- ^ "Home". Gunggari Native Title Aboriginal Corporation. 1 December 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- ^ NNTT 2012.
- ^ Caruana 2012.
Sources
- Barlow, Harriott (1873). "Vocabulary of Aboriginal Dialects of Queensland". The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. 2: 165–175. doi:10.2307/2841159. JSTOR 2841159.
- Cameron, A. L. P. (1904). "On two Queensland tribes". Science of Man. 7 (2). Sydney: 27–29.
- Caruana, Patrick (22 June 2012). "Gunggari win south Qld native title claim". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 1 February 2018.
- "Gambara Gamu Biyu: Gunggari Language" (PDF). State Library of Queensland. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
- "Gunggari Native Title Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC". National Native Title Council. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
- Howitt, Alfred William (1904). The native tribes of south-east Australia (PDF). Macmillan.
- "Native title recognition for the Gunggari People of Queensland". National Native Title Tribunal. 22 June 2012. Retrieved 1 February 2018.
- Ridley, William (1861). "Journal of a Missionary tour among the Aborigines of the Western Interior of Queensland, in the year 1855, by the rev. William Ridley, B.A." (PDF). In Lang, J. D. (ed.). Queensland, Australia; a highly eligible field for emigration, and the future cotton-field of Great Britain: with a disquisition on the origin, manners, and customs of the aborigines. London: E. Stanford. pp. 435–445.
- Ridley, William (1873). "Report on Australian Languages and Traditions". The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. 2: 257–275. doi:10.2307/2841174. JSTOR 2841174.
- Tindale, Norman Barnett (1974). "Kunggari (QLD)". Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names. Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-708-10741-6.