Psychological barriers to effective altruism: Difference between revisions
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=== Motivational Obstacles === |
=== Motivational Obstacles === |
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==== Subjectivity ==== |
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People often prioritize giving to charities that align with their subjectively preferred causes.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Berman |first=Jonathan Z. |last2=Barasch |first2=Alixandra |last3=Levine |first3=Emma E. |last4=Small |first4=Deborah A. |date=May 2018 |title=Impediments to Effective Altruism: The Role of Subjective Preferences in Charitable Giving |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0956797617747648 |journal=Psychological Science |language=en |volume=29 |issue=5 |pages=834–844 |doi=10.1177/0956797617747648 |issn=0956-7976 |via=Association for Psychological Science}}</ref> |
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==== Narrow Moral Circle ==== |
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==== Scope Neglect (Insensitivity) ==== |
==== Scope Neglect (Insensitivity) ==== |
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Ineffective Altruism
Ineffective altruism is the practice of ineffective giving.[1] It contrasts with effective altruism, which is defined as "a philosophy and social movement that advocates using the most effective, evidence-based strategies to benefit others."[1]
Background
Talk about the evolutionary approach.[2]
Talk about effective altruism.
Talk about the significance of charitable giving globally.
The Paradox of Ineffective Giving
We are motivated to give, but not motivated to give effectively.[2]
Obstacles to Effective Giving
Motivational Obstacles
Subjectivity
People often prioritize giving to charities that align with their subjectively preferred causes.[3]
Narrow Moral Circle
Scope Neglect (Insensitivity)
Scope neglect (or scope insensitivity) is the idea that people are numb to the number of victims in large, high-stake humanitarian situations.[4][5] Some research has compared this cognitive bias to the economic concept of diminishing marginal utility wherein people demonstrate a decreasing non-linear concern for individuals as the number of people increases.[5]
Epistemic Obstacles
Overhead Aversion
References
- ^ a b Caviola, Lucius; Schubert, Stefan; Greene, Joshua D. (July 2021). "The Psychology of (In)Effective Altruism". Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 25 (7): 596–607. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2021.03.015. ISSN 1364-6613.
- ^ a b Burum, Bethany; Nowak, Martin A.; Hoffman, Moshe (December 2020). "An evolutionary explanation for ineffective altruism". Nature Human Behaviour. 4 (12): 1245–1257. doi:10.1038/s41562-020-00950-4. ISSN 2397-3374.
- ^ Berman, Jonathan Z.; Barasch, Alixandra; Levine, Emma E.; Small, Deborah A. (May 2018). "Impediments to Effective Altruism: The Role of Subjective Preferences in Charitable Giving". Psychological Science. 29 (5): 834–844. doi:10.1177/0956797617747648. ISSN 0956-7976 – via Association for Psychological Science.
- ^ Yudkowsky, Eliezer (13 May 2007). "Scope Insensitivity". lesswrong.com. Retrieved 16 October 2023.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b Dickert, Stephan; Västfjäll, Daniel; Kleber, Janet; Slovic, Paul (September 2015). "Scope insensitivity: The limits of intuitive valuation of human lives in public policy". Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition. 4 (3): 248–255. doi:10.1016/j.jarmac.2014.09.002. ISSN 2211-369X.