List of secretaries of state of the United States: Difference between revisions
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This is a list of [[United States Secretary of State|secretaries of state of the United States]]. |
This is a '''list of [[United States Secretary of State|secretaries of state of the United States]]'''. |
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==Secretaries of foreign affairs (1781–1789)== |
==Secretaries of foreign affairs (1781–1789)== |
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On January 10, 1780, the [[ |
On January 10, 1780, the [[Congress of the Confederation]] created the Department of Foreign Affairs.<ref>{{cite web|title=Secret Committee of Correspondence/Committee for Foreign Affairs, 1775–1777|date=September 5, 2007 |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/time/ar/91718.htm|access-date=January 17, 2010|publisher=[[U.S. Department of State]]}}</ref> |
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On August 10, 1781, Congress selected [[ |
On August 10, 1781, Congress selected [[Robert R. Livingston]], a delegate from [[New York (state)|New York]], as the first Secretary for Foreign Affairs. Livingston was unable to take office until October 20, 1781. He served until June 4, 1783, and was succeeded by [[John Jay]] on December 21, 1784, who served until March 4, 1789, when the government under the [[Articles of Confederation]] gave way to the government under the [[Constitution of the United States|Constitution]]. |
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The office of Secretary of Foreign Affairs and the Department of Foreign Affairs were reinstated by a law signed by [[George Washington]] on July 27, 1789. [[John Jay]] retained the post on an interim basis, pending the return of [[Thomas Jefferson]] from France. |
The office of Secretary of Foreign Affairs and the Department of Foreign Affairs were reinstated by a law signed by [[George Washington]] on July 27, 1789. [[John Jay]] retained the post on an interim basis, pending the return of [[Thomas Jefferson]] from France. |
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! 1 |
! 1 |
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| [[Image:Robert R Livingston, attributed to Gilbert Stuart (1755-1828).jpg|75px]] |
| [[Image:Robert R Livingston, attributed to Gilbert Stuart (1755-1828).jpg|75px]] |
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| [[ |
| [[Robert R. Livingston]] |
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| [[New York (state)|New York]] |
| [[New York (state)|New York]] |
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| October 20, 1781 |
| October 20, 1781 |
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|- |
|- |
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! 2 |
! 2 |
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|[[File:John Jay (Gilbert Stuart portrait).jpg|97x97px]] |
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|[[Image:Gilbert_Stuart_-_John_Jay_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|75px]] |
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| [[John Jay]] |
| [[John Jay]] |
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| |
| New York |
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| December 21, 1784 |
| December 21, 1784 |
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| March 4, 1789 |
| March 4, 1789 |
||
|- bgcolor="#e6e6aa" |
|- bgcolor="#e6e6aa" |
||
! — |
! — |
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|[[File:John Jay (Gilbert Stuart portrait).jpg|97x97px]] |
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|[[Image:Gilbert_Stuart_-_John_Jay_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|75px]] |
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| |
|John Jay |
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<small>Acting</small> |
<small>Acting</small> |
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| |
|New York |
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| July 27, 1789 || September 15, 1789 |
| July 27, 1789 || September 15, 1789 |
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|} |
|} |
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|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
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! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
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| data-sort-value="Jay, John" | [[File: |
| data-sort-value="Jay, John" | [[File:John Jay (Gilbert Stuart portrait).jpg|155x155px]] |
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| '''[[John Jay]]'''<br>{{Small|(1745–1829)}} |
| '''[[John Jay]]'''<br>{{Small|(1745–1829)}} |
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| style="background-color:{{party color|Federalist Party}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Federalist Party}};" | |
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Line 97: | Line 97: | ||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
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! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 1 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 1 |
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| data-sort-value="Jefferson, Thomas" | [[File: |
| data-sort-value="Jefferson, Thomas" | [[File:Official Presidential portrait of Thomas Jefferson (by Rembrandt Peale, 1800)(cropped).jpg|147x147px]] |
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| '''[[Thomas Jefferson]]'''<br>{{Small|(1743–1826)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/jefferson-thomas|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Thomas Jefferson]]'''<br>{{Small|(1743–1826)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/jefferson-thomas|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
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| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
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Line 112: | Line 112: | ||
| '''[[Edmund Randolph]]'''<br>{{Small|(1753–1813)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edmund Jennings Randolph (1753–1813)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/randolph-edmund-jennings|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Edmund Randolph]]'''<br>{{Small|(1753–1813)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edmund Jennings Randolph (1753–1813)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/randolph-edmund-jennings|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
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| style="background-color:{{party color|Federalist Party}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Federalist Party}};" | |
||
| |
| Federalist |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| January 2, 1794 |
| January 2, 1794 |
||
| August 20, 1795 |
| August 20, 1795 |
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| {{age in years and days|December 31, 1793|August 20, 1795}} |
| {{age in years and days|December 31, 1793|August 20, 1795}} |
||
| |
| Virginia |
||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
! rowspan=3 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 3 |
! rowspan=3 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 3 |
||
| rowspan=3 data-sort-value="Pickering, Timothy" | [[File: |
| rowspan=3 data-sort-value="Pickering, Timothy" | [[File:Timothy Pickering, Peale.jpg|146x146px]] |
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| rowspan=3 | '''[[Timothy Pickering]]'''<br>{{Small|(1745–1829)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Timothy Pickering (1745–1829)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/pickering-timothy|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=3 | '''[[Timothy Pickering]]'''<br>{{Small|(1745–1829)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Timothy Pickering (1745–1829)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/pickering-timothy|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
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| rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{party color|Federalist Party}};" | |
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{party color|Federalist Party}};" | |
||
| rowspan=3 | |
| rowspan=3 | Federalist |
||
! rowspan=3 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! rowspan=3 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| style="background-color:#E6E6AA;" | August 20, 1795 |
| style="background-color:#E6E6AA;" | August 20, 1795 |
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Line 144: | Line 144: | ||
| '''[[Charles Lee (Attorney General)|Charles Lee]]'''<br>{{Small|(1758–1815)}}<br>{{efn|name=Attorney General|As [[United States Attorney General|Attorney General]].}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Charles Lee (1758–1815)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/lee-charles|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Charles Lee (Attorney General)|Charles Lee]]'''<br>{{Small|(1758–1815)}}<br>{{efn|name=Attorney General|As [[United States Attorney General|Attorney General]].}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Charles Lee (1758–1815)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/lee-charles|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Federalist Party}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Federalist Party}};" | |
||
| |
| Federalist |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| May 13, 1800 |
| May 13, 1800 |
||
| June 5, 1800 |
| June 5, 1800 |
||
| {{age in years and days|May 13, 1800|June 5, 1800}} |
| {{age in years and days|May 13, 1800|June 5, 1800}} |
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| |
| Virginia |
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|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
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Line 156: | Line 156: | ||
| rowspan=2 | '''[[John Marshall]]'''<br>{{Small|(1755–1835)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Marshall (1755–1835)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/marshall-john|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=2 | '''[[John Marshall]]'''<br>{{Small|(1755–1835)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Marshall (1755–1835)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/marshall-john|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Federalist Party}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Federalist Party}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Federalist |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| June 13, 1800 |
| June 13, 1800 |
||
| February 4, 1801 |
| February 4, 1801 |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|June 13, 1800|March 4, 1801}} |
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|June 13, 1800|March 4, 1801}} |
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| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Virginia |
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|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
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Line 172: | Line 172: | ||
| '''[[Levi Lincoln Sr.]]'''<br>{{Small|(1749–1820)}}<br>{{efn|name=Attorney General}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Levi Lincoln (1749–1820)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/lincoln-levi|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Levi Lincoln Sr.]]'''<br>{{Small|(1749–1820)}}<br>{{efn|name=Attorney General}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Levi Lincoln (1749–1820)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/lincoln-levi|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
||
| |
| Democratic-<br />Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 5, 1801 |
| March 5, 1801 |
||
Line 183: | Line 183: | ||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
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! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 5 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 5 |
||
| data-sort-value=", " | [[File: |
| data-sort-value=", " | [[File:James Madison(cropped)(c).jpg|146x146px]] |
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| '''[[James Madison]]'''<br>{{Small|(1751–1836)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Madison (1751–1836)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/madison-james|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[James Madison]]'''<br>{{Small|(1751–1836)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Madison (1751–1836)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/madison-james|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
||
| |
| Democratic-<br />Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| May 2, 1801 |
| May 2, 1801 |
||
| March 3, 1809 |
| March 3, 1809 |
||
| {{age in years and days|May 2, 1801|March 3, 1809}} |
| {{age in years and days|May 2, 1801|March 3, 1809}} |
||
| |
| Virginia |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
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Line 198: | Line 198: | ||
| '''[[Robert Smith (Cabinet member)|Robert Smith]]'''<br>{{Small|(1757–1842)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Robert Smith (1757–1842)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/smith-robert|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Robert Smith (Cabinet member)|Robert Smith]]'''<br>{{Small|(1757–1842)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Robert Smith (1757–1842)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/smith-robert|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
||
| |
| Democratic-<br />Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 6, 1809 |
| March 6, 1809 |
||
Line 209: | Line 209: | ||
|- style="height:2em;" |
|- style="height:2em;" |
||
! rowspan=3 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 7 |
! rowspan=3 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 7 |
||
| rowspan=3 data-sort-value="Monroe, James" | [[File: |
| rowspan=3 data-sort-value="Monroe, James" | [[File:James Monroe White House portrait 1819.jpg|144x144px]] |
||
| rowspan=3 | '''[[James Monroe]]'''<br>{{Small|(1758–1831)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Monroe (1758–1831)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/monroe-james|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=3 | '''[[James Monroe]]'''<br>{{Small|(1758–1831)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Monroe (1758–1831)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/monroe-james|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
||
| rowspan=3 | |
| rowspan=3 | Democratic-<br />Republican |
||
! rowspan=3 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 30–0 |
! rowspan=3 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 30–0 |
||
| April 2, 1811 |
| April 2, 1811 |
||
| September 30, 1814 |
| September 30, 1814 |
||
| rowspan=3 | {{age in years and days|April 2, 1811|March 3, 1817}} |
| rowspan=3 | {{age in years and days|April 2, 1811|March 3, 1817}} |
||
| rowspan=3 | |
| rowspan=3 | Virginia |
||
|- style="height:2em;" |
|- style="height:2em;" |
||
Line 229: | Line 229: | ||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| data-sort-value="Graham, John" | |
| data-sort-value="Graham, John" | |
||
| '''[[John Graham (diplomat)|John Graham]]'''<br>{{Small|(1774–1820)}}<br>{{efn|name=Clerk}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Graham (1774–1820)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/graham-john|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[John Graham (diplomat)|John Graham]]'''<br>{{Small|(1774–1820)}}<br>{{efn|name=Clerk}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Graham (1774–1820)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/graham-john|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
||
| |
| Democratic-<br />Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 4, 1817 |
| March 4, 1817 |
||
Line 246: | Line 246: | ||
| '''[[Richard Rush]]'''<br>{{Small|(1780–1859)}}<br>{{efn|name=Attorney General}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Richard Rush (1780–1859)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/rush-richard|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Richard Rush]]'''<br>{{Small|(1780–1859)}}<br>{{efn|name=Attorney General}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Richard Rush (1780–1859)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/rush-richard|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Federalist Party}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Federalist Party}};" | |
||
| |
| Federalist |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 10, 1817 |
| March 10, 1817 |
||
| September 22, 1817 |
| September 22, 1817 |
||
| {{age in years and days|March 10, 1817|September 22, 1817}} |
| {{age in years and days|March 10, 1817|September 22, 1817}} |
||
| |
| Pennsylvania |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 8 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 8 |
||
| data-sort-value="Adams, John Quincy" | [[File: |
| data-sort-value="Adams, John Quincy" | [[File:JQA Photo Crop.jpg|156x156px]] |
||
| '''[[John Quincy Adams]]'''<br>{{Small|(1767–1848)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Quincy Adams (1767–1848)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/adams-john-quincy|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[John Quincy Adams]]'''<br>{{Small|(1767–1848)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Quincy Adams (1767–1848)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/adams-john-quincy|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
||
| |
| Democratic-<br />Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 29–1 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 29–1 |
||
| September 22, 1817 |
| September 22, 1817 |
||
| March 3, 1825 |
| March 3, 1825 |
||
| {{age in years and days|September 22, 1817|March 3, 1825}} |
| {{age in years and days|September 22, 1817|March 3, 1825}} |
||
| |
| Massachusetts |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| data-sort-value="Brent, Daniel" | |
| data-sort-value="Brent, Daniel" | |
||
| '''[[Daniel Brent]]'''<br>{{Small|(1770–1841)}}<br>{{efn|name=Clerk}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Daniel Carroll Brent (1770–1841)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/brent-daniel-carroll|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Daniel Brent]]'''<br>{{Small|(1770–1841)}}<br>{{efn|name=Clerk}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Daniel Carroll Brent (1770–1841)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/brent-daniel-carroll|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
||
| |
| Democratic-<br />Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 4, 1825 |
| March 4, 1825 |
||
| March 7, 1825 |
| March 7, 1825 |
||
| {{age in years and days|March 4, 1825|March 7, 1825}} |
| {{age in years and days|March 4, 1825|March 7, 1825}} |
||
| |
| Virginia |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
||
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[John Quincy Adams|John Quincy<br>Adams]] |
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[John Quincy Adams|John Quincy<br>Adams]] |
||
Line 281: | Line 281: | ||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 9 |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 9 |
||
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Clay, Henry" | [[File:Henry Clay. |
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Clay, Henry" | [[File:Henry Clay 1848 restored.jpg|146x146px]] |
||
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Henry Clay]]'''<br>{{Small|(1777–1852)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Henry Clay (1777–1852)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/clay-henry|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Henry Clay]]'''<br>{{Small|(1777–1852)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Henry Clay (1777–1852)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/clay-henry|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic-Republican Party}}" | |
||
| |
| Democratic-<br />Republican |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 27–14 |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 27–14 |
||
| rowspan=2 | March 7, 1825 |
| rowspan=2 | March 7, 1825 |
||
| rowspan=2 | March 3, 1829 |
| rowspan=2 | March 3, 1829 |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|March 7, 1825|March 3, 1829}} |
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|March 7, 1825|March 3, 1829}} |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Kentucky |
||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
Line 306: | Line 306: | ||
| March 27, 1829 |
| March 27, 1829 |
||
| {{age in years and days|March 4, 1829|March 27, 1829}} |
| {{age in years and days|March 4, 1829|March 27, 1829}} |
||
| |
| New York |
||
| rowspan=5 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=5 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=5 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Andrew Jackson]] |
| rowspan=5 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Andrew Jackson]] |
||
Line 312: | Line 312: | ||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 10 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 10 |
||
| data-sort-value="Van Buren, Martin" | [[File:Van Buren.jpg| |
| data-sort-value="Van Buren, Martin" | [[File:Martin Van Buren.jpg|162x162px]] |
||
| '''[[Martin Van Buren]]'''<br>{{Small|(1782–1862)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Martin Van Buren (1782–1862)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/van-buren-martin|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Martin Van Buren]]'''<br>{{Small|(1782–1862)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Martin Van Buren (1782–1862)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/van-buren-martin|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 25–7 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 25–7 |
||
| March 28, 1829 |
| March 28, 1829 |
||
| May 23, 1831 |
| May 23, 1831 |
||
| {{age in years and days|March 28, 1829|May 23, 1831}} |
| {{age in years and days|March 28, 1829|May 23, 1831}} |
||
| |
| New York |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
Line 327: | Line 327: | ||
| '''[[Edward Livingston]]'''<br>{{Small|(1764–1836)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edward Livingston (1764–1836)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/livingston-edward|access-date=2021-11-09|website=<nowiki>[[Office of the Historian]</nowiki>}}</ref> |
| '''[[Edward Livingston]]'''<br>{{Small|(1764–1836)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edward Livingston (1764–1836)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/livingston-edward|access-date=2021-11-09|website=<nowiki>[[Office of the Historian]</nowiki>}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| May 24, 1831 |
| May 24, 1831 |
||
Line 339: | Line 339: | ||
| '''[[Louis McLane]]'''<br>{{Small|(1786–1857)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Louis McLane (1786–1857)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/mclane-louis|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Louis McLane]]'''<br>{{Small|(1786–1857)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Louis McLane (1786–1857)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/mclane-louis|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| {{efn|This appears to have been a recess appointment that was never submitted to the Senate.<ref name=":Confirmation"/>}} |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| {{efn|This appears to have been a recess appointment that was never submitted to the Senate.<ref name=":Confirmation"/>}} |
||
| May 29, 1833 |
| May 29, 1833 |
||
Line 351: | Line 351: | ||
| rowspan=2 | '''[[John Forsyth (politician)|John Forsyth]]'''<br>{{Small|(1780–1841)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Forsyth (1780–1841)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/forsyth-john|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=2 | '''[[John Forsyth (politician)|John Forsyth]]'''<br>{{Small|(1780–1841)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Forsyth (1780–1841)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/forsyth-john|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Democratic |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| rowspan=2 | July 1, 1834 |
| rowspan=2 | July 1, 1834 |
||
Line 364: | Line 364: | ||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| data-sort-value="L. Martin, Jacob" | |
| data-sort-value="L. Martin, Jacob" | |
||
| '''[[Jacob L. Martin]]'''<br>{{Small|(?–1848)}}<br>{{efn|name=Clerk}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jacob L. Martin (?–1848)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/martin-jacob-l|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Jacob L. Martin]]'''<br>{{Small|(?–1848)}}<br>{{efn|name=Clerk}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jacob L. Martin (?–1848)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/martin-jacob-l|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
Line 372: | Line 372: | ||
| March 5, 1841 |
| March 5, 1841 |
||
| {{age in years and days|March 4, 1841|March 5, 1841}} |
| {{age in years and days|March 4, 1841|March 5, 1841}} |
||
| [[ |
| [[Washington, D.C.|District of<br>Columbia]] |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[William Henry Harrison|William Henry<br>Harrison]] |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[William Henry Harrison|William Henry<br>Harrison]] |
||
Line 378: | Line 378: | ||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
! rowspan=3 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 14 |
! rowspan=3 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 14 |
||
| rowspan=3 data-sort-value="Webster, Daniel" | [[File: |
| rowspan=3 data-sort-value="Webster, Daniel" | [[File:Daniel Webster Photograph edited.jpg|156x156px]] |
||
| rowspan=3 | '''[[Daniel Webster]]'''<br>{{Small|(1782–1852)}}<br><ref name=":Webster">{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Daniel Webster (1782–1852)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/webster-daniel|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=3 | '''[[Daniel Webster]]'''<br>{{Small|(1782–1852)}}<br><ref name=":Webster">{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Daniel Webster (1782–1852)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/webster-daniel|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
||
Line 386: | Line 386: | ||
| rowspan=3 | May 8, 1843 |
| rowspan=3 | May 8, 1843 |
||
| rowspan=3 | {{age in years and days|March 6, 1841|May 8, 1843}} |
| rowspan=3 | {{age in years and days|March 6, 1841|May 8, 1843}} |
||
| rowspan=3 | |
| rowspan=3 | Massachusetts |
||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
Line 400: | Line 400: | ||
| '''[[Hugh S. Legaré]]'''<br>{{Small|(1797–1843)}}<br>{{efn|name=Attorney General}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hugh Swinton Legare (1797–1843)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/legare-hugh-swinton|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Hugh S. Legaré]]'''<br>{{Small|(1797–1843)}}<br>{{efn|name=Attorney General}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hugh Swinton Legare (1797–1843)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/legare-hugh-swinton|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| May 9, 1843 |
| May 9, 1843 |
||
Line 409: | Line 409: | ||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| data-sort-value="Derrick, William S." | |
| data-sort-value="Derrick, William S." | |
||
| '''[[William S. Derrick]]'''<br>{{Small|(1802–1852)}}<br>{{efn|name=Clerk}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=William S. Derrick (?–1852)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/derrick-william-s|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[William S. Derrick]]'''<br>{{Small|(1802–1852)}}<br>{{efn|name=Clerk}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=William S. Derrick (?–1852)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/derrick-william-s|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
Line 417: | Line 417: | ||
| June 23, 1843 |
| June 23, 1843 |
||
| {{age in years and days|June 21, 1843|June 23, 1843}} |
| {{age in years and days|June 21, 1843|June 23, 1843}} |
||
| |
| Pennsylvania |
||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 15 |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 15 |
||
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Upshur, Abel P." | [[File:Abel P. Upshur |
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Upshur, Abel P." | [[File:Abel P. Upshur SecNavy.jpg|146x146px]] |
||
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Abel P. Upshur]]'''<br>{{Small|(1791–1844)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Abel Parker Upshur (1791–1844)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/upshur-abel-parker|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Abel P. Upshur]]'''<br>{{Small|(1791–1844)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Abel Parker Upshur (1791–1844)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/upshur-abel-parker|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Whig |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| style="background-color:#E6E6AA;" | June 24, 1843 |
| style="background-color:#E6E6AA;" | June 24, 1843 |
||
| style="background-color:#E6E6AA;" | July 23, 1843{{efn|As [[United States Secretary of the Navy|Secretary of the Navy]].}} |
| style="background-color:#E6E6AA;" | July 23, 1843{{efn|As [[United States Secretary of the Navy|Secretary of the Navy]].}} |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|July 23, 1843|February 28, 1844}} |
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|July 23, 1843|February 28, 1844}} |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Virginia |
||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
Line 440: | Line 440: | ||
| '''[[John Nelson (lawyer)|John Nelson]]'''<br>{{Small|(1791–1860)}}<br>{{efn|name=Attorney General}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Nelson (1794–1860)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/nelson-john|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[John Nelson (lawyer)|John Nelson]]'''<br>{{Small|(1791–1860)}}<br>{{efn|name=Attorney General}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Nelson (1794–1860)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/nelson-john|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| Whig |
|||
| [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]] |
|||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| February 29, 1844 |
| February 29, 1844 |
||
Line 449: | Line 449: | ||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 16 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 16 |
||
| data-sort-value="Calhoun, John C." | [[File: |
| data-sort-value="Calhoun, John C." | [[File:George Peter Alexander Healy - John C. Calhoun - Google Art Project.jpg|148x148px]] |
||
| '''[[John C. Calhoun]]'''<br>{{Small|(1782–1850)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Caldwell Calhoun (1782–1850)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/calhoun-john-caldwell|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[John C. Calhoun]]'''<br>{{Small|(1782–1850)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Caldwell Calhoun (1782–1850)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/calhoun-john-caldwell|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| April 1, 1844 |
| April 1, 1844 |
||
| March 10, 1845{{efn|name=fn1|In addition to the president listed, this secretary of state served for a brief period of time (eight days or less) under that president's successor until a replacement could be named and confirmed.}} |
| March 10, 1845{{efn|name=fn1|In addition to the president listed, this secretary of state served for a brief period of time (eight days or less) under that president's successor until a replacement could be named and confirmed.}} |
||
| {{age in years and days|April 1, 1844|March 10, 1845}} |
| {{age in years and days|April 1, 1844|March 10, 1845}} |
||
| |
| South Carolina |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 17 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 17 |
||
| data-sort-value="Buchanan, James" | [[File:James Buchanan |
| data-sort-value="Buchanan, James" | [[File:James Buchanan.jpg|150x150px]] |
||
| '''[[James Buchanan]]'''<br>{{Small|(1791–1868)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Buchanan (1791–1868)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/buchanan-james|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[James Buchanan]]'''<br>{{Small|(1791–1868)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Buchanan (1791–1868)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/buchanan-james|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 10, 1845 |
| March 10, 1845 |
||
| March 7, 1849{{efn|name=fn1}} |
| March 7, 1849{{efn|name=fn1}} |
||
| {{age in years and days|March 10, 1845|March 7, 1849}} |
| {{age in years and days|March 10, 1845|March 7, 1849}} |
||
| |
| Pennsylvania |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[James K. Polk]] |
| style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[James K. Polk]] |
||
Line 475: | Line 475: | ||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 18 |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 18 |
||
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Clayton, John M." | [[File: |
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Clayton, John M." | [[File:JMiddletonClayton-SecofState.jpg|144x144px]] |
||
| rowspan=2 | '''[[John M. Clayton]]'''<br>{{Small|(1796–1856)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Middleton Clayton (1796–1856)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/clayton-john-middleton|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=2 | '''[[John M. Clayton]]'''<br>{{Small|(1796–1856)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Middleton Clayton (1796–1856)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/clayton-john-middleton|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Whig |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| rowspan=2 | March 8, 1849 |
| rowspan=2 | March 8, 1849 |
||
| rowspan=2 | July 22, 1850 |
| rowspan=2 | July 22, 1850 |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|March 8, 1849|July 22, 1850}} |
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|March 8, 1849|July 22, 1850}} |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Delaware |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| [[Zachary Taylor]] |
| [[Zachary Taylor]] |
||
Line 493: | Line 493: | ||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 19 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 19 |
||
| data-sort-value="Webster, Daniel" | [[File: |
| data-sort-value="Webster, Daniel" | [[File:Daniel Webster Photograph edited.jpg|156x156px]] |
||
| ''' |
| '''Daniel Webster'''<br>{{Small|(1782–1852)}}<br><ref name=":Webster"/> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| Whig |
|||
| [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]] |
|||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| July 23, 1850 |
| July 23, 1850 |
||
| October 24, 1852 |
| October 24, 1852 |
||
| {{age in years and days|July 23, 1850|October 24, 1852}} |
| {{age in years and days|July 23, 1850|October 24, 1852}} |
||
| |
| Massachusetts |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
Line 508: | Line 508: | ||
| '''[[Charles Magill Conrad]]'''<br>{{Small|(1804–1878)}}<br>{{efn|name=War}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Charles Magill Conrad (1804–1878)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/conrad-charles-magill|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Charles Magill Conrad]]'''<br>{{Small|(1804–1878)}}<br>{{efn|name=War}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Charles Magill Conrad (1804–1878)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/conrad-charles-magill|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| Whig |
|||
| [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]] |
|||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| October 25, 1852 |
| October 25, 1852 |
||
| November 5, 1852 |
| November 5, 1852 |
||
| {{age in years and days|October 25, 1852|November 5, 1852}} |
| {{age in years and days|October 25, 1852|November 5, 1852}} |
||
| |
| Louisiana |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 20 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 20 |
||
| data-sort-value="Everett, Edward" | [[File:The Public Library of the city of Boston - a history (1911) (14594074519) ( |
| data-sort-value="Everett, Edward" | [[File:The Public Library of the city of Boston - a history (1911) (14594074519).jpg (Cropped and edited).jpg|147x147px]] |
||
| '''[[Edward Everett]]'''<br>{{Small|(1794–1865)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edward Everett (1794–1865)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/everett-edward|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Edward Everett]]'''<br>{{Small|(1794–1865)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edward Everett (1794–1865)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/everett-edward|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Whig Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| Whig |
|||
| [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]] |
|||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| November 6, 1852 |
| November 6, 1852 |
||
| March 3, 1853 |
| March 3, 1853 |
||
| {{age in years and days|November 6, 1852|March 3, 1853}} |
| {{age in years and days|November 6, 1852|March 3, 1853}} |
||
| |
| Massachusetts |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
Line 546: | Line 546: | ||
| '''[[William L. Marcy]]'''<br>{{Small|(1786–1857)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Learned Marcy (1786–1857)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/marcy-william-learned|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[William L. Marcy]]'''<br>{{Small|(1786–1857)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Learned Marcy (1786–1857)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/marcy-william-learned|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 7, 1853 |
| March 7, 1853 |
||
| March 6, 1857{{efn|name=fn1}} |
| March 6, 1857{{efn|name=fn1}} |
||
| {{age in years and days|March 7, 1853|March 6, 1857}} |
| {{age in years and days|March 7, 1853|March 6, 1857}} |
||
| |
| New York |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
Line 558: | Line 558: | ||
| '''[[Lewis Cass]]'''<br>{{Small|(1782–1866)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Lewis Cass (1782–1866)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/cass-lewis|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Lewis Cass]]'''<br>{{Small|(1782–1866)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Lewis Cass (1782–1866)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/cass-lewis|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 6, 1857 |
| March 6, 1857 |
||
Line 570: | Line 570: | ||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| data-sort-value="Hunter , William" | [[File:William Hunter, Jr. (c.1866 - 1886).jpg|120px]] |
| data-sort-value="Hunter , William" | [[File:William Hunter, Jr. (c.1866 - 1886).jpg|120px]] |
||
| ''' |
| '''William Hunter'''<br>{{Small|(1805–1886)}}<br>{{efn|name=Clerk}}<ref name=":Hunter"/> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| – |
| – |
||
Line 577: | Line 577: | ||
| December 16, 1860 |
| December 16, 1860 |
||
| {{age in years and days|December 15, 1860|December 16, 1860}} |
| {{age in years and days|December 15, 1860|December 16, 1860}} |
||
| |
| Rhode Island |
||
|- style="height:5em;" |
|- style="height:5em;" |
||
Line 584: | Line 584: | ||
| '''[[Jeremiah S. Black]]'''<br>{{Small|(1810–1883)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Jeremiah Sullivan Black (1810–1883)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/black-jeremiah-sullivan|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Jeremiah S. Black]]'''<br>{{Small|(1810–1883)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Jeremiah Sullivan Black (1810–1883)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/black-jeremiah-sullivan|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| December 17, 1860 |
| December 17, 1860 |
||
| March 5, 1861{{efn|name=fn1}} |
| March 5, 1861{{efn|name=fn1}} |
||
| {{age in years and days|December 17, 1860|March 5, 1861}} |
| {{age in years and days|December 17, 1860|March 5, 1861}} |
||
| |
| New York |
||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 24 |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 24 |
||
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Seward, William H." | [[File:William |
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Seward, William H." | [[File:William H. Seward portrait - restoration.jpg|168x168px]] |
||
| rowspan=2 | '''[[William H. Seward]]'''<br>{{Small|(1801–1872)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Henry Seward (1801–1872)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/seward-william-henry|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=2 | '''[[William H. Seward]]'''<br>{{Small|(1801–1872)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Henry Seward (1801–1872)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/seward-william-henry|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
Line 601: | Line 601: | ||
| rowspan=2 | March 4, 1869 |
| rowspan=2 | March 4, 1869 |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|March 5, 1861|March 4, 1869}} |
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|March 5, 1861|March 4, 1869}} |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | New York |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Abraham Lincoln]] |
| style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Abraham Lincoln]] |
||
Line 611: | Line 611: | ||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 25 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 25 |
||
| data-sort-value="Washburne, Elihu B." | [[File:Elihu B. Washburne - Brady-Handy. |
| data-sort-value="Washburne, Elihu B." | [[File:Elihu B. Washburne seated - Brady-Handy.png|157x157px]] |
||
| '''[[Elihu B. Washburne]]'''<br>{{Small|(1816–1887)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Elihu Benjamin Washburne (1816–1887)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/washburne-elihu-benjamin|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Elihu B. Washburne]]'''<br>{{Small|(1816–1887)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Elihu Benjamin Washburne (1816–1887)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/washburne-elihu-benjamin|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 5, 1869 |
| March 5, 1869 |
||
Line 628: | Line 628: | ||
| '''[[Hamilton Fish]]'''<br>{{Small|(1808–1893)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Hamilton Fish (1808–1893)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/fish-hamilton|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Hamilton Fish]]'''<br>{{Small|(1808–1893)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Hamilton Fish (1808–1893)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/fish-hamilton|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 17, 1869 |
| March 17, 1869 |
||
| March 12, 1877{{efn|name=fn1}} |
| March 12, 1877{{efn|name=fn1}} |
||
| {{age in years and days|March 17, 1869|March 12, 1877}} |
| {{age in years and days|March 17, 1869|March 12, 1877}} |
||
| |
| New York |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
Line 640: | Line 640: | ||
| '''[[William M. Evarts]]'''<br>{{Small|(1818–1901)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Maxwell Evarts (1818–1901)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/evarts-william-maxwell|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[William M. Evarts]]'''<br>{{Small|(1818–1901)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Maxwell Evarts (1818–1901)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/evarts-william-maxwell|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 44–2 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 44–2 |
||
| March 12, 1877 |
| March 12, 1877 |
||
| March 7, 1881{{efn|name=fn1}} |
| March 7, 1881{{efn|name=fn1}} |
||
| {{age in years and days|March 12, 1877|March 7, 1881}} |
| {{age in years and days|March 12, 1877|March 7, 1881}} |
||
| |
| New York |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Rutherford B. Hayes|Rutherford B.<br>Hayes]] |
| style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Rutherford B. Hayes|Rutherford B.<br>Hayes]] |
||
Line 651: | Line 651: | ||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 28 |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 28 |
||
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Blaine, James G." | [[File:James G. Blaine |
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Blaine, James G." | [[File:James G. Blaine - Brady-Handy.jpg|143x143px]] |
||
| rowspan=2 | '''[[James G. Blaine]]'''<br>{{Small|(1830–1893)}}<br><ref name=":Blaine">{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Gillespie Blaine (1830–1893)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/blaine-james-gillespie|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=2 | '''[[James G. Blaine]]'''<br>{{Small|(1830–1893)}}<br><ref name=":Blaine">{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Gillespie Blaine (1830–1893)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/blaine-james-gillespie|access-date=2021-11-09|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Republican |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| rowspan=2 | March 7, 1881 |
| rowspan=2 | March 7, 1881 |
||
Line 670: | Line 670: | ||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 29 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 29 |
||
| data-sort-value="Frelinghuysen, Frederick Theodore" | [[File:Frederick T. Frelinghuysen - Brady-Handy.jpg|120px]] |
| data-sort-value="Frelinghuysen, Frederick Theodore" | [[File:Frederick T. Frelinghuysen - Brady-Handy.jpg|120px]] |
||
| '''[[Frederick |
| '''[[Frederick T. Frelinghuysen|Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen]]'''<br>{{Small|(1817–1885)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen (1817–1885)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/frelinghuysen-frederick-theodore|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| December 19, 1881 |
| December 19, 1881 |
||
Line 684: | Line 684: | ||
| '''[[Thomas F. Bayard]]'''<br>{{Small|(1828–1898)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Thomas Francis Bayard (1828–1898)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/bayard-thomas-francis|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Thomas F. Bayard]]'''<br>{{Small|(1828–1898)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Thomas Francis Bayard (1828–1898)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/bayard-thomas-francis|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 7, 1885 |
| March 7, 1885 |
||
| March 6, 1889{{efn|name=fn1}} |
| March 6, 1889{{efn|name=fn1}} |
||
| {{age in years and days|March 7, 1885|March 6, 1889}} |
| {{age in years and days|March 7, 1885|March 6, 1889}} |
||
| |
| Delaware |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Grover Cleveland]] |
| style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Grover Cleveland]] |
||
Line 695: | Line 695: | ||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 31 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 31 |
||
| data-sort-value="Blaine, James G." | [[File:James G. Blaine |
| data-sort-value="Blaine, James G." | [[File:James G. Blaine - Brady-Handy.jpg|143x143px]] |
||
| ''' |
| '''James G. Blaine'''<br>{{Small|(1830–1893)}}<br><ref name=":Blaine"/> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 7, 1889 |
| March 7, 1889 |
||
| June 4, 1892 |
| June 4, 1892 |
||
| {{age in years and days|March 7, 1889|June 4, 1892}} |
| {{age in years and days|March 7, 1889|June 4, 1892}} |
||
| |
| Maine |
||
| rowspan=4 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=4 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=4 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Benjamin Harrison]] |
| rowspan=4 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Benjamin Harrison]] |
||
Line 712: | Line 712: | ||
| '''[[William F. Wharton]]'''<br>{{Small|(1847–1919)}}<br>{{efn|name=Assistant|As [[United States Assistant Secretary of State|Assistant Secretary of State]].}}<ref name=":Wharton">{{Cite web|title=William Fisher Wharton (1847–1919)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/wharton-william-fisher|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[William F. Wharton]]'''<br>{{Small|(1847–1919)}}<br>{{efn|name=Assistant|As [[United States Assistant Secretary of State|Assistant Secretary of State]].}}<ref name=":Wharton">{{Cite web|title=William Fisher Wharton (1847–1919)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/wharton-william-fisher|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| June 4, 1892 |
| June 4, 1892 |
||
| June 29, 1892 |
| June 29, 1892 |
||
| {{age in years and days|June 4, 1892|June 29, 1892}} |
| {{age in years and days|June 4, 1892|June 29, 1892}} |
||
| |
| Massachusetts |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 32 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 32 |
||
| data-sort-value="Foster, John W." | [[File:John W. Foster, U.S. Secretary |
| data-sort-value="Foster, John W." | [[File:John W. Foster, U.S. Secretary of State.jpg|160x160px]] |
||
| '''[[John W. Foster]]'''<br>{{Small|(1836–1917)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Watson Foster (1836–1917)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/foster-john-watson|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[John W. Foster]]'''<br>{{Small|(1836–1917)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Watson Foster (1836–1917)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/foster-john-watson|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| June 29, 1892 |
| June 29, 1892 |
||
Line 734: | Line 734: | ||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Wharton, William F." | [[File:William F. Wharton.jpg|120px]] |
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Wharton, William F." | [[File:William F. Wharton.jpg|120px]] |
||
| rowspan=2 | ''' |
| rowspan=2 | '''William F. Wharton'''<br>{{Small|(1847–1919)}}<br>{{efn|name=Assistant}}<ref name=":Wharton"/> |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Republican |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| rowspan=2 | February 24, 1893 |
| rowspan=2 | February 24, 1893 |
||
| rowspan=2 | March 6, 1893 |
| rowspan=2 | March 6, 1893 |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|February 24, 1893|March 6, 1893}} |
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|February 24, 1893|March 6, 1893}} |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Massachusetts |
||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
Line 749: | Line 749: | ||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 33 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 33 |
||
| data-sort-value="Gresham, Walter Q." | [[File:Walter Q. Gresham |
| data-sort-value="Gresham, Walter Q." | [[File:Walter Q. Gresham - Brady-Handy.jpg|143x143px]] |
||
| '''[[Walter Q. Gresham]]'''<br>{{Small|(1832–1895)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Walter Quintin Gresham (1832–1895)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/gresham-walter-quintin|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Walter Q. Gresham]]'''<br>{{Small|(1832–1895)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Walter Quintin Gresham (1832–1895)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/gresham-walter-quintin|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 7, 1893 |
| March 7, 1893 |
||
| May 28, 1895 |
| May 28, 1895 |
||
| {{age in years and days|March 7, 1893|May 28, 1895}} |
| {{age in years and days|March 7, 1893|May 28, 1895}} |
||
| |
| Illinois |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
Line 764: | Line 764: | ||
| '''[[Edwin F. Uhl]]'''<br>{{Small|(1841–1901)}}<br>{{efn|name=Assistant}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Edwin Fuller Uhl (1841–1901)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/uhl-edwin-fuller|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Edwin F. Uhl]]'''<br>{{Small|(1841–1901)}}<br>{{efn|name=Assistant}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Edwin Fuller Uhl (1841–1901)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/uhl-edwin-fuller|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| May 28, 1895 |
| May 28, 1895 |
||
| June 9, 1895 |
| June 9, 1895 |
||
| {{age in years and days|May 28, 1895|June 9, 1895}} |
| {{age in years and days|May 28, 1895|June 9, 1895}} |
||
| |
| Michigan |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 34 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 34 |
||
| data-sort-value="Olney, Richard" | [[File: |
| data-sort-value="Olney, Richard" | [[File:Secretary of State Richard Olney.jpg|150x150px]] |
||
| '''[[Richard Olney]]'''<br>{{Small|(1835–1917)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Richard Olney (1835–1917)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/olney-richard|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Richard Olney]]'''<br>{{Small|(1835–1917)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Richard Olney (1835–1917)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/olney-richard|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| June 10, 1895 |
| June 10, 1895 |
||
| March 5, 1897{{efn|name=fn1}} |
| March 5, 1897{{efn|name=fn1}} |
||
| {{age in years and days|June 10, 1895|March 5, 1897}} |
| {{age in years and days|June 10, 1895|March 5, 1897}} |
||
| |
| Massachusetts |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 35 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 35 |
||
| data-sort-value="Sherman, John" | [[File:John |
| data-sort-value="Sherman, John" | [[File:John-Sherman-2-cropped.jpg|153x153px]] |
||
| '''[[John Sherman]]'''<br>{{Small|(1823–1900)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Sherman (1823–1900)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/sherman-john|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[John Sherman]]'''<br>{{Small|(1823–1900)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Sherman (1823–1900)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/sherman-john|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 6, 1897 |
| March 6, 1897 |
||
Line 799: | Line 799: | ||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 36 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 36 |
||
| data-sort-value="Day, William R." | [[File:William R. Day |
| data-sort-value="Day, William R." | [[File:William R. Day.jpg|145x145px]] |
||
| '''[[William R. Day]]'''<br>{{Small|(1849–1923)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Rufus Day (1849–1923)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/day-william-rufus|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[William R. Day]]'''<br>{{Small|(1849–1923)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Rufus Day (1849–1923)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/day-william-rufus|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| April 28, 1898 |
| April 28, 1898 |
||
| September 16, 1898 |
| September 16, 1898 |
||
| {{age in years and days|April 28, 1898|September 16, 1898}} |
| {{age in years and days|April 28, 1898|September 16, 1898}} |
||
| |
| Ohio |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
Line 819: | Line 819: | ||
| September 29, 1898 |
| September 29, 1898 |
||
| {{age in years and days|September 17, 1898|September 29, 1898}} |
| {{age in years and days|September 17, 1898|September 29, 1898}} |
||
| |
| New York |
||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 37 |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 37 |
||
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Hay, John" | [[File:John Hay, |
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Hay, John" | [[File:John Hay, bw photo portrait, 1897.jpg|182x182px]] |
||
| rowspan=2 | '''[[John Hay]]'''<br>{{Small|(1838–1905)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Milton Hay (1838–1905)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/hay-john-milton|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=2 | '''[[John Hay]]'''<br>{{Small|(1838–1905)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Milton Hay (1838–1905)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/hay-john-milton|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Republican |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| rowspan=2 | September 30, 1898 |
| rowspan=2 | September 30, 1898 |
||
| rowspan=2 | July 1, 1905 |
| rowspan=2 | July 1, 1905 |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|September 30, 1898|July 1, 1905}} |
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|September 30, 1898|July 1, 1905}} |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | District of<br>Columbia |
||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
Line 842: | Line 842: | ||
| '''[[Francis B. Loomis]]'''<br>{{Small|(1861–1948)}}<br>{{efn|name=Assistant}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Francis Butler Loomis (1861–1948)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/loomis-francis-butler|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Francis B. Loomis]]'''<br>{{Small|(1861–1948)}}<br>{{efn|name=Assistant}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Francis Butler Loomis (1861–1948)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/loomis-francis-butler|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| July 1, 1905 |
| July 1, 1905 |
||
| July 18, 1905 |
| July 18, 1905 |
||
| {{age in years and days|July 1, 1905|July 18, 1905}} |
| {{age in years and days|July 1, 1905|July 18, 1905}} |
||
| |
| Ohio |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 38 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 38 |
||
| data-sort-value="Root, Elihu" | [[File:Elihu Root, bw photo portrait, 1902 |
| data-sort-value="Root, Elihu" | [[File:Elihu Root, bw photo portrait, 1902.jpg|136x136px]] |
||
| '''[[Elihu Root]]'''<br>{{Small|(1845–1937)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Elihu Root (1845–1937)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/root-elihu|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Elihu Root]]'''<br>{{Small|(1845–1937)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Elihu Root (1845–1937)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/root-elihu|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| July 19, 1905 |
| July 19, 1905 |
||
| January 27, 1909 |
| January 27, 1909 |
||
| {{age in years and days|July 19, 1905|January 27, 1909}} |
| {{age in years and days|July 19, 1905|January 27, 1909}} |
||
| |
| New York |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 39 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 39 |
||
| data-sort-value="Bacon, Robert" | [[File: |
| data-sort-value="Bacon, Robert" | [[File:BACON, ROBERT LCCN2016857235 (cropped).jpg|157x157px]] |
||
| '''[[ |
| '''[[Robert Bacon]]'''<br>{{Small|(1860–1919)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Robert Bacon (1860–1919)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/bacon-robert|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| January 27, 1909 |
| January 27, 1909 |
||
| March 5, 1909{{efn|name=fn1}} |
| March 5, 1909{{efn|name=fn1}} |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 27, 1909|March 5, 1909}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 27, 1909|March 5, 1909}} |
||
| |
| New York |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 40 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 40 |
||
| data-sort-value="Knox, Philander C." | [[File:Philander |
| data-sort-value="Knox, Philander C." | [[File:Philander Knox, bw photo portrait, 1904.jpg|181x181px]] |
||
| '''[[Philander C. Knox]]'''<br>{{Small|(1853–1921)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Philander Chase Knox (1853–1921)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/knox-philander-chase|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Philander C. Knox]]'''<br>{{Small|(1853–1921)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Philander Chase Knox (1853–1921)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/knox-philander-chase|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 6, 1909 |
| March 6, 1909 |
||
| March 5, 1913{{efn|name=fn1}} |
| March 5, 1913{{efn|name=fn1}} |
||
| {{age in years and days|March 6, 1909|March 5, 1913}} |
| {{age in years and days|March 6, 1909|March 5, 1913}} |
||
| |
| Pennsylvania |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| [[William Howard Taft]] |
| [[William Howard Taft]] |
||
Line 889: | Line 889: | ||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 41 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 41 |
||
| data-sort-value="Bryan, William Jennings" | [[File:William Jennings Bryan |
| data-sort-value="Bryan, William Jennings" | [[File:Portrait of Secretary William Jennings Bryan of Nebraska, 1913.jpeg|151x151px]] |
||
| '''[[William Jennings Bryan|William<br>Jennings Bryan]]'''<br>{{Small|(1860–1925)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Jennings Bryan (1860–1925)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/bryan-william-jennings|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[William Jennings Bryan|William<br>Jennings Bryan]]'''<br>{{Small|(1860–1925)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Jennings Bryan (1860–1925)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/bryan-william-jennings|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 5, 1913 |
| March 5, 1913 |
||
Line 906: | Line 906: | ||
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Robert Lansing]]'''<br>{{Small|(1864–1928)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Robert Lansing (1864–1928)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/lansing-robert|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Robert Lansing]]'''<br>{{Small|(1864–1928)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Robert Lansing (1864–1928)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/lansing-robert|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Democratic |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| style="background-color:#E6E6AA;" | June 9, 1915 |
| style="background-color:#E6E6AA;" | June 9, 1915 |
||
| style="background-color:#E6E6AA;" | June 24, 1915{{efn|As Counselor for the Department of State.}} |
| style="background-color:#E6E6AA;" | June 24, 1915{{efn|As Counselor for the Department of State.}} |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|June 9, 1915|February 13, 1920}} |
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|June 9, 1915|February 13, 1920}} |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | New York |
||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
Line 922: | Line 922: | ||
| '''[[Frank Polk]]'''<br>{{Small|(1871–1943)}}<br>{{efn|name=Under|As [[Under Secretary of State]].}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Frank Lyon Polk (1871–1943)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/polk-frank-lyon|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Frank Polk]]'''<br>{{Small|(1871–1943)}}<br>{{efn|name=Under|As [[Under Secretary of State]].}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Frank Lyon Polk (1871–1943)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/polk-frank-lyon|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| February 14, 1920 |
| February 14, 1920 |
||
| March 14, 1920 |
| March 14, 1920 |
||
| {{age in years and days|February 14, 1920|March 14, 1920}} |
| {{age in years and days|February 14, 1920|March 14, 1920}} |
||
| |
| New York |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
Line 934: | Line 934: | ||
| '''[[Bainbridge Colby]]'''<br>{{Small|(1869–1950)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Bainbridge Colby (1869–1950)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/colby-bainbridge|access-date=2021-11-11|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Bainbridge Colby]]'''<br>{{Small|(1869–1950)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Bainbridge Colby (1869–1950)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/colby-bainbridge|access-date=2021-11-11|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 23, 1920 |
| March 23, 1920 |
||
| March 4, 1921 |
| March 4, 1921 |
||
| {{age in years and days|March 23, 1920|March 4, 1921}} |
| {{age in years and days|March 23, 1920|March 4, 1921}} |
||
| |
| New York |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 44 |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 44 |
||
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Hughes, Charles Evans " | [[File: |
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Hughes, Charles Evans " | [[File:Charles Evans Hughes cph.3b15401.jpg|153x153px]] |
||
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Charles Evans Hughes|Charles Evans<br>Hughes]]'''<br>{{Small|(1862–1948)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Charles Evans Hughes (1862–1948)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/hughes-charles-evans|access-date=2021-11-11|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Charles Evans Hughes|Charles Evans<br>Hughes]]'''<br>{{Small|(1862–1948)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Charles Evans Hughes (1862–1948)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/hughes-charles-evans|access-date=2021-11-11|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Republican |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| rowspan=2 | March 5, 1921 |
| rowspan=2 | March 5, 1921 |
||
| rowspan=2 | March 4, 1925 |
| rowspan=2 | March 4, 1925 |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|March 5, 1921|March 4, 1925}} |
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|March 5, 1921|March 4, 1925}} |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | New York |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| [[Warren G. Harding|Warren G.<br>Harding]] |
| [[Warren G. Harding|Warren G.<br>Harding]] |
||
Line 964: | Line 964: | ||
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Frank B. Kellogg]]'''<br>{{Small|(1856–1937)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Frank Billings Kellogg (1856–1937)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/kellogg-frank-billings|access-date=2021-11-11|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Frank B. Kellogg]]'''<br>{{Small|(1856–1937)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Frank Billings Kellogg (1856–1937)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/kellogg-frank-billings|access-date=2021-11-11|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Republican |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| rowspan=2 | March 5, 1925 |
| rowspan=2 | March 5, 1925 |
||
Line 977: | Line 977: | ||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 46 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 46 |
||
| data-sort-value="Stimson, Henry L." | [[File:Henry |
| data-sort-value="Stimson, Henry L." | [[File:Henry Stimson, Harris & Ewing bw photo portrait, 1929.jpg|173x173px]] |
||
| '''[[Henry L. Stimson]]'''<br>{{Small|(1867–1950)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Henry Lewis Stimson (1867–1950)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/stimson-henry-lewis|access-date=2021-11-11|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Henry L. Stimson]]'''<br>{{Small|(1867–1950)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Henry Lewis Stimson (1867–1950)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/stimson-henry-lewis|access-date=2021-11-11|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 28, 1929 |
| March 28, 1929 |
||
| March 4, 1933 |
| March 4, 1933 |
||
| {{age in years and days|March 28, 1929|March 4, 1933}} |
| {{age in years and days|March 28, 1929|March 4, 1933}} |
||
| |
| New York |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
Line 992: | Line 992: | ||
| '''[[Cordell Hull]]'''<br>{{Small|(1871–1955)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Cordell Hull (1871–1955)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/hull-cordell|access-date=2021-11-11|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Cordell Hull]]'''<br>{{Small|(1871–1955)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Cordell Hull (1871–1955)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/hull-cordell|access-date=2021-11-11|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| March 4, 1933 |
| March 4, 1933 |
||
Line 1,003: | Line 1,003: | ||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 48 |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 48 |
||
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Stettinius Jr.,Edward" | [[File:Edward R. Stettinius, |
| rowspan=2 data-sort-value="Stettinius Jr.,Edward" | [[File:Edward R. Stettinius, Chairman of U.S. Steel, testifying before Monopoly Committee LCCN2016875665 (Cropped).jpg|147x147px]] |
||
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Edward Stettinius Jr.]]'''<br>{{Small|(1900–1949)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edward Reilly Stettinius Jr. (1900–1949)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/stettinius-edward-reilly|access-date=2021-11-11|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Edward Stettinius Jr.]]'''<br>{{Small|(1900–1949)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edward Reilly Stettinius Jr. (1900–1949)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/stettinius-edward-reilly|access-date=2021-11-11|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Democratic |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 68–1 |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 68–1 |
||
| rowspan=2 | December 1, 1944 |
| rowspan=2 | December 1, 1944 |
||
| rowspan=2 | June 27, 1945 |
| rowspan=2 | June 27, 1945 |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|December 1, 1944|June 27, 1945}} |
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|December 1, 1944|June 27, 1945}} |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Virginia |
||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
Line 1,019: | Line 1,019: | ||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| data-sort-value="Grew, Joseph" | [[File: |
| data-sort-value="Grew, Joseph" | [[File:GREW, JOSEPH. HONORABLE LCCN2016860203 (3x4a).jpg|159x159px]] |
||
| '''[[Joseph Grew]]'''<br>{{Small|(1880–1965)}}<br>{{efn|name=Under}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Joseph Clark Grew (1880–1965)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/grew-joseph-clark|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Joseph Grew]]'''<br>{{Small|(1880–1965)}}<br>{{efn|name=Under}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Joseph Clark Grew (1880–1965)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/grew-joseph-clark|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| |
| Independent |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| June 28, 1945 |
| June 28, 1945 |
||
Line 1,034: | Line 1,034: | ||
| '''[[James F. Byrnes]]'''<br>{{Small|(1882–1972)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Francis Byrnes (1882–1972)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/byrnes-james-francis|access-date=2021-11-11|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[James F. Byrnes]]'''<br>{{Small|(1882–1972)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Francis Byrnes (1882–1972)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/byrnes-james-francis|access-date=2021-11-11|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| July 3, 1945 |
| July 3, 1945 |
||
| January 21, 1947 |
| January 21, 1947 |
||
| {{age in years and days|July 3, 1945|January 21, 1947}} |
| {{age in years and days|July 3, 1945|January 21, 1947}} |
||
| |
| South Carolina |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 50 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 50 |
||
| data-sort-value="Marshall, George C." | [[File:George |
| data-sort-value="Marshall, George C." | [[File:George Catlett Marshall, general of the US army (cropped).jpg|153x153px]] |
||
| '''[[George C. Marshall]]'''<br>{{Small|(1880–1959)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: George Catlett Marshall (1880–1959)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/marshall-george-catlett|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[George C. Marshall]]'''<br>{{Small|(1880–1959)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: George Catlett Marshall (1880–1959)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/marshall-george-catlett|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| |
| Independent |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| January 21, 1947 |
| January 21, 1947 |
||
| January 20, 1949 |
| January 20, 1949 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 21, 1947|January 20, 1949}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 21, 1947|January 20, 1949}} |
||
| |
| Pennsylvania |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 51 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 51 |
||
| data-sort-value="Acheson, Dean" | [[File:Dean G. Acheson, U.S. Secretary of State.jpg| |
| data-sort-value="Acheson, Dean" | [[File:Dean G. Acheson, U.S. Secretary of State (cropped).jpg|160x160px]] |
||
| '''[[Dean Acheson]]'''<br>{{Small|(1893–1971)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Dean Gooderham Acheson (1893–1971)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/acheson-dean-gooderham|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Dean Acheson]]'''<br>{{Small|(1893–1971)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Dean Gooderham Acheson (1893–1971)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/acheson-dean-gooderham|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 83–6 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 83–6 |
||
| January 21, 1949 |
| January 21, 1949 |
||
| January 20, 1953 |
| January 20, 1953 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 21, 1949|January 20, 1953}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 21, 1949|January 20, 1953}} |
||
| |
| Maryland |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| data-sort-value="Matthews, H. Freeman" | [[File:H. Freeman Matthews 1956 |
| data-sort-value="Matthews, H. Freeman" | [[File:H. Freeman Matthews 1956.jpg|161x161px]] |
||
| '''[[H. Freeman Matthews|H. Freeman<br>Matthews]]'''<br>{{Small|(1899–1986)}}<br>{{efn|name=Under}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Harrison Freeman Matthews (1899–1986)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/matthews-harrison-freeman|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[H. Freeman Matthews|H. Freeman<br>Matthews]]'''<br>{{Small|(1899–1986)}}<br>{{efn|name=Under}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Harrison Freeman Matthews (1899–1986)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/matthews-harrison-freeman|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| |
| Independent |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| January 20, 1953 |
| January 20, 1953 |
||
| January 21, 1953 |
| January 21, 1953 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 1953|January 21, 1953}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 1953|January 21, 1953}} |
||
| |
| Maryland |
||
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Dwight D. Eisenhower|Dwight D.<br>Eisenhower]] |
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Dwight D. Eisenhower|Dwight D.<br>Eisenhower]] |
||
Line 1,081: | Line 1,081: | ||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 52 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 52 |
||
| data-sort-value="Dulles, John Foster" | [[File: |
| data-sort-value="Dulles, John Foster" | [[File:John Foster Dulles Nov 49-cropped.jpg|152x152px]] |
||
| '''[[John Foster Dulles]]'''<br>{{Small|(1888–1959)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Foster Dulles (1888–1959)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/dulles-john-foster|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[John Foster Dulles]]'''<br>{{Small|(1888–1959)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Foster Dulles (1888–1959)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/dulles-john-foster|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| January 21, 1953 |
| January 21, 1953 |
||
| April 22, 1959 |
| April 22, 1959 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 21, 1953|April 22, 1959}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 21, 1953|April 22, 1959}} |
||
| |
| New York |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 53 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 53 |
||
| data-sort-value="Herter, Christian" | [[File:Christian |
| data-sort-value="Herter, Christian" | [[File:Christian Archibald Herter (politician).jpg|158x158px]] |
||
| '''[[Christian Herter]]'''<br>{{Small|(1895–1966)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Christian Archibald Herter (1895–1966)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/herter-christian-archibald|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Christian Herter]]'''<br>{{Small|(1895–1966)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Christian Archibald Herter (1895–1966)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/herter-christian-archibald|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 93–0 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 93–0 |
||
| April 22, 1959 |
| April 22, 1959 |
||
| January 20, 1961 |
| January 20, 1961 |
||
| {{age in years and days|April 22, 1959|January 20, 1961}} |
| {{age in years and days|April 22, 1959|January 20, 1961}} |
||
| |
| Massachusetts |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
Line 1,108: | Line 1,108: | ||
| '''[[Livingston T. Merchant|Livingston T.<br>Merchant]]'''<br>{{Small|(1903–1976)}}<br>{{efn|name=Pol}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Livingston Tallmadge Merchant (1903–1976)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/merchant-livingston-tallmadge|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Livingston T. Merchant|Livingston T.<br>Merchant]]'''<br>{{Small|(1903–1976)}}<br>{{efn|name=Pol}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Livingston Tallmadge Merchant (1903–1976)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/merchant-livingston-tallmadge|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| |
| Independent |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| January 20, 1961 |
| January 20, 1961 |
||
| January 21, 1961 |
| January 21, 1961 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 1961|January 21, 1961}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 1961|January 21, 1961}} |
||
| |
| District of<br>Columbia |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[John F. Kennedy|John F.<br>Kennedy]] |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[John F. Kennedy|John F.<br>Kennedy]] |
||
Line 1,122: | Line 1,122: | ||
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Dean Rusk]]'''<br>{{Small|(1909–1994)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: David Dean Rusk (1909–1994)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/rusk-david-dean|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Dean Rusk]]'''<br>{{Small|(1909–1994)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: David Dean Rusk (1909–1994)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/rusk-david-dean|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Democratic |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| rowspan=2 | January 21, 1961 |
| rowspan=2 | January 21, 1961 |
||
| rowspan=2 | January 20, 1969 |
| rowspan=2 | January 20, 1969 |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|January 21, 1961|January 20, 1969}} |
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|January 21, 1961|January 20, 1969}} |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | New York |
||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
Line 1,138: | Line 1,138: | ||
| '''[[Charles E. Bohlen]]'''<br>{{Small|(1904–1974)}}<br>{{efn|As Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs.}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Charles Eustis Bohlen (1904–1974)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/bohlen-charles-eustis|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Charles E. Bohlen]]'''<br>{{Small|(1904–1974)}}<br>{{efn|As Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs.}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Charles Eustis Bohlen (1904–1974)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/bohlen-charles-eustis|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| |
| Independent |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| January 20, 1969 |
| January 20, 1969 |
||
| January 22, 1969 |
| January 22, 1969 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 1969|January 22, 1969}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 1969|January 22, 1969}} |
||
| |
| District of<br>Columbia |
||
| rowspan=4 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=4 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=4 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Richard Nixon]] |
| rowspan=4 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Richard Nixon]] |
||
Line 1,152: | Line 1,152: | ||
| '''[[William P. Rogers]]'''<br>{{Small|(1913–2001)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Pierce Rogers (1913–2001)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/rogers-william-pierce|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[William P. Rogers]]'''<br>{{Small|(1913–2001)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Pierce Rogers (1913–2001)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/rogers-william-pierce|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| January 22, 1969 |
| January 22, 1969 |
||
| September 3, 1973 |
| September 3, 1973 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 22, 1969|September 3, 1973}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 22, 1969|September 3, 1973}} |
||
| |
| Maryland |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
Line 1,164: | Line 1,164: | ||
| '''[[Kenneth Rush]]'''<br>{{Small|(1910–1994)}}<br>{{efn|name=Deputy}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kenneth Rush (1910–1994)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/rush-kenneth|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Kenneth Rush]]'''<br>{{Small|(1910–1994)}}<br>{{efn|name=Deputy}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kenneth Rush (1910–1994)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/rush-kenneth|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| September 3, 1973 |
| September 3, 1973 |
||
Line 1,176: | Line 1,176: | ||
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Henry Kissinger]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1923)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Henry A. (Heinz Alfred) Kissinger (1923–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/kissinger-henry-a|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Henry Kissinger]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1923)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Henry A. (Heinz Alfred) Kissinger (1923–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/kissinger-henry-a|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Republican |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 78–7 |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 78–7 |
||
| rowspan=2 | September 22, 1973 |
| rowspan=2 | September 22, 1973 |
||
| rowspan=2 | January 20, 1977 |
| rowspan=2 | January 20, 1977 |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|September 22, 1973|January 20, 1977}} |
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|September 22, 1973|January 20, 1977}} |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | District of<br>Columbia |
||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
Line 1,190: | Line 1,190: | ||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| data-sort-value="Habib, Philip" | [[File:Philip Habib.jpg|120px]] |
| data-sort-value="Habib, Philip" | [[File:Philip Habib.jpg|120px]] |
||
| '''[[Philip Habib]]'''<br>{{Small|(1920–1992)}}<br>{{efn|name=Pol}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Philip Charles Habib (1920–1992)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/habib-philip-charles|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Philip C. Habib|Philip Habib]]'''<br>{{Small|(1920–1992)}}<br>{{efn|name=Pol}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Philip Charles Habib (1920–1992)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/habib-philip-charles|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| |
| Independent |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| January 20, 1977 |
| January 20, 1977 |
||
Line 1,203: | Line 1,203: | ||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 57 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 57 |
||
| data-sort-value="Vance, Cyrus" | [[File: |
| data-sort-value="Vance, Cyrus" | [[File:CyrusVanceSoS.jpg|173x173px]] |
||
| '''[[Cyrus Vance]]'''<br>{{Small|(1917–2002)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Cyrus Roberts Vance (1917–2002)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/vance-cyrus-roberts|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Cyrus Vance]]'''<br>{{Small|(1917–2002)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Cyrus Roberts Vance (1917–2002)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/vance-cyrus-roberts|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| [[Voice vote|Voice]] |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| [[Voice vote|Voice]] |
||
| January 23, 1977 |
| January 23, 1977 |
||
| April 28, 1980 |
| April 28, 1980 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 23, 1977|April 28, 1980}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 23, 1977|April 28, 1980}} |
||
| |
| New York |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
Line 1,218: | Line 1,218: | ||
| '''[[Warren Christopher]]'''<br>{{Small|(1925–2011)}}<br>{{efn|name=Deputy|As [[United States Deputy Secretary of State|Deputy Secretary of State]].}}<ref name="Christopher"/> |
| '''[[Warren Christopher]]'''<br>{{Small|(1925–2011)}}<br>{{efn|name=Deputy|As [[United States Deputy Secretary of State|Deputy Secretary of State]].}}<ref name="Christopher"/> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| April 28, 1980 |
| April 28, 1980 |
||
| May 2, 1980 |
| May 2, 1980 |
||
| {{age in years and days|April 28, 1980|May 2, 1980}} |
| {{age in years and days|April 28, 1980|May 2, 1980}} |
||
| |
| California |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
Line 1,230: | Line 1,230: | ||
| '''[[David D. Newsom]]'''<br>{{Small|(1918–2008)}}<br>{{efn|name=Pol|As [[Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs]].}}<ref name=":Newsom">{{Cite web|title=David Dunlap Newsom (1918–2008)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/newsom-david-dunlap|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[David D. Newsom]]'''<br>{{Small|(1918–2008)}}<br>{{efn|name=Pol|As [[Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs]].}}<ref name=":Newsom">{{Cite web|title=David Dunlap Newsom (1918–2008)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/newsom-david-dunlap|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| |
| Independent |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| May 2, 1980 |
| May 2, 1980 |
||
| May 3, 1980 |
| May 3, 1980 |
||
| {{age in years and days|May 2, 1980|May 3, 1980}} |
| {{age in years and days|May 2, 1980|May 3, 1980}} |
||
| |
| California |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| data-sort-value="Cooper, Richard N." | |
| data-sort-value="Cooper, Richard N." | |
||
| '''[[Richard N. Cooper]]'''<br>{{Small|(1934–2020)}}<br>{{efn|name=Economic}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Richard Newell Cooper (1934–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/cooper-richard-newell|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Richard N. Cooper]]'''<br>{{Small|(1934–2020)}}<br>{{efn|name=Economic}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Richard Newell Cooper (1934–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/cooper-richard-newell|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| |
| Independent |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| colspan=2 | May 3, 1980 |
| colspan=2 | May 3, 1980 |
||
Line 1,251: | Line 1,251: | ||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| data-sort-value="Newsom, David D." | [[File:Newsom 1975.png|120px]] |
| data-sort-value="Newsom, David D." | [[File:Newsom 1975.png|120px]] |
||
| ''' |
| '''David D. Newsom'''<br>{{Small|(1918–2008)}}<br>{{efn|name=Pol}}<ref name=":Newsom"/> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| |
| Independent |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| May 3, 1980 |
| May 3, 1980 |
||
| May 4, 1980 |
| May 4, 1980 |
||
| {{age in years and days|May 3, 1980|May 4, 1980}} |
| {{age in years and days|May 3, 1980|May 4, 1980}} |
||
| |
| California |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| data-sort-value="Christopher, Warren" | [[File:Warren Christopher.jpg|120px]] |
| data-sort-value="Christopher, Warren" | [[File:Warren Christopher.jpg|120px]] |
||
| ''' |
| '''Warren Christopher'''<br>{{Small|(1925–2011)}}<br>{{efn|name=Deputy}}<ref name="Christopher"/> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| May 4, 1980 |
| May 4, 1980 |
||
| May 8, 1980 |
| May 8, 1980 |
||
| {{age in years and days|May 4, 1980|May 8, 1980}} |
| {{age in years and days|May 4, 1980|May 8, 1980}} |
||
| |
| California |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
Line 1,277: | Line 1,277: | ||
| '''[[Edmund Muskie]]'''<br>{{Small|(1914–1996)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edmund Sixtus Muskie (1914–1996)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/muskie-edmund-sixtus|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Edmund Muskie]]'''<br>{{Small|(1914–1996)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edmund Sixtus Muskie (1914–1996)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/muskie-edmund-sixtus|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 94–2 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 94–2 |
||
| May 8, 1980 |
| May 8, 1980 |
||
| January 18, 1981 |
| January 18, 1981 |
||
| {{age in years and days|May 8, 1980|January 18, 1981}} |
| {{age in years and days|May 8, 1980|January 18, 1981}} |
||
| |
| Maine |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| data-sort-value="Newsom, David D." | [[File:Newsom 1975.png|120px]] |
| data-sort-value="Newsom, David D." | [[File:Newsom 1975.png|120px]] |
||
| ''' |
| '''David D. Newsom'''<br>{{Small|(1918–2008)}}<br>{{efn|name=Pol}}<ref name=":Newsom"/> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| |
| Independent |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| January 18, 1981 |
| January 18, 1981 |
||
| January 22, 1981 |
| January 22, 1981 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 18, 1981|January 22, 1981}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 18, 1981|January 22, 1981}} |
||
| |
| California |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
Line 1,301: | Line 1,301: | ||
| '''[[Alexander Haig]]'''<br>{{Small|(1924–2010)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Alexander Meigs Haig Jr. (1924–2010)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/haig-alexander-meigs|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Alexander Haig]]'''<br>{{Small|(1924–2010)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Alexander Meigs Haig Jr. (1924–2010)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/haig-alexander-meigs|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 93–6 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 93–6 |
||
| January 22, 1981 |
| January 22, 1981 |
||
| July 5, 1982 |
| July 5, 1982 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 22, 1981|July 5, 1982}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 22, 1981|July 5, 1982}} |
||
| |
| Connecticut |
||
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=3 | [[Ronald Reagan]] |
| rowspan=3 | [[Ronald Reagan]] |
||
Line 1,315: | Line 1,315: | ||
| '''[[Walter J. Stoessel Jr.]]'''<br>{{Small|(1920–1986)}}<br>{{efn|name=Deputy}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Walter John Stoessel Jr. (1920–1986)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/stoessel-walter-john|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Walter J. Stoessel Jr.]]'''<br>{{Small|(1920–1986)}}<br>{{efn|name=Deputy}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Walter John Stoessel Jr. (1920–1986)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/stoessel-walter-john|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| |
| Independent |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| July 5, 1982 |
| July 5, 1982 |
||
| July 16, 1982 |
| July 16, 1982 |
||
| {{age in years and days|July 5, 1982|July 16, 1982}} |
| {{age in years and days|July 5, 1982|July 16, 1982}} |
||
| |
| California |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 60 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 60 |
||
| data-sort-value="Shultz, George" | [[File:George Pratt Shultz |
| data-sort-value="Shultz, George" | [[File:George Pratt Shultz.jpg|159x159px]] |
||
| '''[[George Shultz]]'''<br>{{Small|(1920–2021)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: George Pratt Shultz (1920–2021)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/shultz-george-pratt|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[George Shultz]]'''<br>{{Small|(1920–2021)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: George Pratt Shultz (1920–2021)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/shultz-george-pratt|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 97–0 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 97–0 |
||
| July 16, 1982 |
| July 16, 1982 |
||
| January 20, 1989 |
| January 20, 1989 |
||
| {{age in years and days|July 16, 1982|January 20, 1989}} |
| {{age in years and days|July 16, 1982|January 20, 1989}} |
||
| |
| California |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
Line 1,339: | Line 1,339: | ||
| '''[[Michael Armacost]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1937)}}<br>{{efn|name=Pol}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Michael Hayden Armacost (1937–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/armacost-michael-hayden|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Michael Armacost]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1937)}}<br>{{efn|name=Pol}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Michael Hayden Armacost (1937–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/armacost-michael-hayden|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| |
| Independent |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| January 20, 1989 |
| January 20, 1989 |
||
| January 25, 1989 |
| January 25, 1989 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 1989|January 25, 1989}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 1989|January 25, 1989}} |
||
| |
| Maryland |
||
| rowspan=5 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=5 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=5 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[George H. W. Bush]] |
| rowspan=5 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[George H. W. Bush]] |
||
Line 1,353: | Line 1,353: | ||
| '''[[James Baker]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1930)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Addison Baker III (1930–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/baker-james-addison|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[James Baker]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1930)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Addison Baker III (1930–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/baker-james-addison|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 99–0 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 99–0 |
||
| January 25, 1989 |
| January 25, 1989 |
||
Line 1,365: | Line 1,365: | ||
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Lawrence Eagleburger]]'''<br>{{Small|(1930–2011)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Lawrence Sidney Eagleburger (1930–2011)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/eagleburger-lawrence-sidney|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| rowspan=2 | '''[[Lawrence Eagleburger]]'''<br>{{Small|(1930–2011)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Lawrence Sidney Eagleburger (1930–2011)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/eagleburger-lawrence-sidney|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| style="background-color:#E6E6AA;" | August 23, 1992 |
| style="background-color:#E6E6AA;" | August 23, 1992 |
||
| style="background-color:#E6E6AA;" | December 8, 1992{{efn|name=Deputy}} |
| style="background-color:#E6E6AA;" | December 8, 1992{{efn|name=Deputy}} |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|August 23, 1992|January 20, 1993}} |
| rowspan=2 | {{age in years and days|August 23, 1992|January 20, 1993}} |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | Florida |
||
|- style="height:3em;" |
|- style="height:3em;" |
||
Line 1,382: | Line 1,382: | ||
| '''[[Arnold Kanter]]'''<br>{{Small|(1945–2010)}}<br>{{efn|name=Economic|As [[Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs]].}}<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/20/world/clinton-rounds-out-state-dept-team.html|title= Clinton Rounds Out State Dept. Team|work= The New York Times|date= January 20, 1993|last1= Friedman|first1= Thomas L.}}</ref> |
| '''[[Arnold Kanter]]'''<br>{{Small|(1945–2010)}}<br>{{efn|name=Economic|As [[Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs]].}}<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/20/world/clinton-rounds-out-state-dept-team.html|title= Clinton Rounds Out State Dept. Team|work= The New York Times|date= January 20, 1993|last1= Friedman|first1= Thomas L.}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| |
| Independent |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| colspan=2 | January 20, 1993 |
| colspan=2 | January 20, 1993 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 1993|January 20, 1993}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 1993|January 20, 1993}} |
||
| |
| District of<br>Columbia |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| data-sort-value="Wisner, Frank G." | [[File:Frank G. Wisner |
| data-sort-value="Wisner, Frank G." | [[File:Frank G. Wisner as Ambassador.png|125x125px]] |
||
| '''[[Frank G. Wisner]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1938)}}<br>{{efn|name=Economic|As [[Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs]].}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Frank G. Wisner II (1938–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/wisner-frank-g|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Frank G. Wisner]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1938)}}<br>{{efn|name=Economic|As [[Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs]].}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Frank G. Wisner II (1938–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/wisner-frank-g|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| |
| Independent |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| colspan=2 | January 20, 1993 |
| colspan=2 | January 20, 1993 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 1993|January 20, 1993}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 1993|January 20, 1993}} |
||
| |
| District of<br>Columbia |
||
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Bill Clinton]] |
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Bill Clinton]] |
||
Line 1,404: | Line 1,404: | ||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 63 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 63 |
||
| data-sort-value="Christopher, Warren" | [[File:Warren Christopher.jpg|120px]] |
| data-sort-value="Christopher, Warren" | [[File:Warren Christopher.jpg|120px]] |
||
| ''' |
| '''Warren Christopher'''<br>{{Small|(1925–2011)}}<br><ref name="Christopher">{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Warren Minor Christopher (1925–2011)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/christopher-warren-minor|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| Voice |
||
| January 20, 1993 |
| January 20, 1993 |
||
| January 17, 1997 |
| January 17, 1997 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 1993|January 17, 1997}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 1993|January 17, 1997}} |
||
| |
| California |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
Line 1,418: | Line 1,418: | ||
| '''[[Madeleine Albright]]'''<br>{{Small|(1937–2022)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Madeleine Korbel Albright (1937–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/albright-madeleine-korbel|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Madeleine Albright]]'''<br>{{Small|(1937–2022)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Madeleine Korbel Albright (1937–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/albright-madeleine-korbel|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 99–0 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 99–0 |
||
| January 23, 1997 |
| January 23, 1997 |
||
| January 20, 2001 |
| January 20, 2001 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 23, 1997|January 20, 2001}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 23, 1997|January 20, 2001}} |
||
| |
| District of<br>Columbia |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
Line 1,430: | Line 1,430: | ||
| '''[[Colin Powell]]'''<br>{{Small|(1937–2021)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Colin Luther Powell (1937–2021)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/powell-colin-luther|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Colin Powell]]'''<br>{{Small|(1937–2021)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Colin Luther Powell (1937–2021)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/powell-colin-luther|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| Voice |
||
| January 20, 2001 |
| January 20, 2001 |
||
| January 26, 2005 |
| January 26, 2005 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 2001|January 26, 2005}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 2001|January 26, 2005}} |
||
| |
| Virginia |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | [[George W. Bush]] |
| rowspan=2 | [[George W. Bush]] |
||
Line 1,441: | Line 1,441: | ||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 66 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 66 |
||
| data-sort-value="Rice, Condoleezza" | [[File:Condoleezza Rice |
| data-sort-value="Rice, Condoleezza" | [[File:Condoleezza Rice.jpg|150x150px]] |
||
| '''[[Condoleezza Rice]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1954)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Condoleezza Rice (1954–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/rice-condoleezza|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Condoleezza Rice]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1954)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Condoleezza Rice (1954–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/rice-condoleezza|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 85–13 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 85–13 |
||
| January 26, 2005 |
| January 26, 2005 |
||
| January 20, 2009 |
| January 20, 2009 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 26, 2005|January 20, 2009}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 26, 2005|January 20, 2009}} |
||
| |
| California |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
Line 1,456: | Line 1,456: | ||
| '''[[William J. Burns (diplomat)|William J. Burns]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1956)}}<br>{{efn|name=Pol}} |
| '''[[William J. Burns (diplomat)|William J. Burns]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1956)}}<br>{{efn|name=Pol}} |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| |
| Independent |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| January 20, 2009 |
| January 20, 2009 |
||
| January 21, 2009 |
| January 21, 2009 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 2009|January 21, 2009}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 2009|January 21, 2009}} |
||
| |
| District of<br>Columbia |
||
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Barack Obama]] |
| rowspan=3 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Barack Obama]] |
||
Line 1,467: | Line 1,467: | ||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 67 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 67 |
||
| data-sort-value="Clinton, Hillary" | [[File: |
| data-sort-value="Clinton, Hillary" | [[File:Secretary Clinton 8x10 2400 1.jpg|150x150px]] |
||
| '''[[Hillary Clinton]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1947)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Hillary Rodham Clinton (1947–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/clinton-hillary-rodham|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Hillary Clinton]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1947)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Hillary Rodham Clinton (1947–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/clinton-hillary-rodham|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 94–2 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 94–2 |
||
| January 21, 2009 |
| January 21, 2009 |
||
| February 1, 2013 |
| February 1, 2013 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 21, 2009|February 1, 2013}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 21, 2009|February 1, 2013}} |
||
| |
| New York |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
Line 1,482: | Line 1,482: | ||
| '''[[John Kerry]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1943)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Forbes Kerry (1943–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/kerry-john-forbes|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[John Kerry]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1943)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Forbes Kerry (1943–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/kerry-john-forbes|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 94–3 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 94–3 |
||
| February 1, 2013 |
| February 1, 2013 |
||
| January 20, 2017 |
| January 20, 2017 |
||
| {{age in years and days|February 1, 2013|January 20, 2017}} |
| {{age in years and days|February 1, 2013|January 20, 2017}} |
||
| |
| Massachusetts |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
Line 1,494: | Line 1,494: | ||
| '''[[Thomas A. Shannon Jr.|Thomas A.<br>Shannon Jr.]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1958 )}}<br>{{efn|name=Pol}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Thomas Alfred Shannon Jr. (1958–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/shannon-thomas-alfred|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Thomas A. Shannon Jr.|Thomas A.<br>Shannon Jr.]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1958 )}}<br>{{efn|name=Pol}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Thomas Alfred Shannon Jr. (1958–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/shannon-thomas-alfred|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| January 20, 2017 |
| January 20, 2017 |
||
| February 1, 2017 |
| February 1, 2017 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 2017|February 1, 2017}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 2017|February 1, 2017}} |
||
| |
| Minnesota |
||
| rowspan=4 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=4 style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=4 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Donald Trump]] |
| rowspan=4 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Donald Trump]] |
||
Line 1,508: | Line 1,508: | ||
| '''[[Rex Tillerson]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1952)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Rex W. Tillerson (1952–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/tillerson-rex-wayne|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Rex Tillerson]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1952)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Rex W. Tillerson (1952–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/tillerson-rex-wayne|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 55–43 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 55–43 |
||
| February 1, 2017 |
| February 1, 2017 |
||
| March 31, 2018 |
| March 31, 2018 |
||
| {{age in years and days|February 1, 2017|March 31, 2018}} |
| {{age in years and days|February 1, 2017|March 31, 2018}} |
||
| |
| Texas |
||
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
|- style="height:6em; background-color:#E6E6AA;" |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| data-sort-value="Sullivan, John J." | [[File:John J |
| data-sort-value="Sullivan, John J." | [[File:John J Sullivan.jpg|150x150px]] |
||
| '''[[John J. Sullivan (diplomat)|John J. Sullivan]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1959)}}<br>{{efn|name=Deputy}} |
| '''[[John J. Sullivan (diplomat)|John J. Sullivan]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1959)}}<br>{{efn|name=Deputy}} |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| April 1, 2018 |
| April 1, 2018 |
||
| April 26, 2018 |
| April 26, 2018 |
||
| {{age in years and days|April 1, 2018|April 26, 2018}} |
| {{age in years and days|April 1, 2018|April 26, 2018}} |
||
| |
| Massachusetts |
||
|- style="height:6em;" |
|- style="height:6em;" |
||
Line 1,532: | Line 1,532: | ||
| '''[[Mike Pompeo]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1963)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Michael R. Pompeo (1963–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/pompeo-michael-r|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Mike Pompeo]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1963)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Michael R. Pompeo (1963–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/pompeo-michael-r|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Republican |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 57–42 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 57–42 |
||
| April 26, 2018 |
| April 26, 2018 |
||
Line 1,544: | Line 1,544: | ||
| '''[[Daniel Bennett Smith]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1956)}}<br>{{efn|As Director of the Foreign Service Institute.}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Daniel Bennett Smith (1956–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/smith-daniel-bennett|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Daniel Bennett Smith]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1956)}}<br>{{efn|As Director of the Foreign Service Institute.}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Daniel Bennett Smith (1956–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/smith-daniel-bennett|access-date=2021-11-13|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | |
||
| |
| Independent |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| – |
||
| January 20, 2021 |
| January 20, 2021 |
||
| January 26, 2021 |
| January 26, 2021 |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 2021|January 26, 2021}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 20, 2021|January 26, 2021}} |
||
| |
| Virginia |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Joe Biden]] |
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:#F9F9F9;"| [[Joe Biden]] |
||
Line 1,558: | Line 1,558: | ||
| '''[[Antony Blinken]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1962)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Antony Blinken (1962–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/blinken-antony|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
| '''[[Antony Blinken]]'''<br>{{Small|(b. 1962)}}<br><ref>{{Cite web|title=Antony Blinken (1962–)|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/blinken-antony|access-date=2021-11-10|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> |
||
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" | |
||
| |
| Democratic |
||
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 78–22 |
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;"| 78–22 |
||
| January 26, 2021 |
| January 26, 2021 |
||
| ''Incumbent'' |
| ''Incumbent'' |
||
| {{age in years and days|January 26, 2021}} |
| {{age in years and days|January 26, 2021}} |
||
| |
| New York |
||
|} |
|} |
||
== |
==List of secretaries of state by time in office== |
||
{|align=right |
{|align=right |
||
|[[File: |
|[[File:HULL, CORDELL. HONORABLE LCCN2016862713 (cropped).jpg|none|thumb|236x236px|11 years, 271 days<br>[[Cordell Hull]] from 1933 to 1944]] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[File:Dean Rusk.jpg|thumb|175px|none|7 years, 364 days<br>[[Dean Rusk]] from 1961 to 1969]] |
|[[File:Dean Rusk.jpg|thumb|175px|none|7 years, 364 days<br>[[Dean Rusk]] from 1961 to 1969]] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[File:William Seward |
|[[File:William H. Seward portrait - restoration.jpg|none|thumb|246x246px|7 years, 364 days<br>[[William H. Seward]] from 1861 to 1869]] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[File:Eagleburger |
|[[File:Lawrence Eagleburger.jpg|none|thumb|231x231px|43 days<br>[[Lawrence Eagleburger]] from 1992 to 1993]] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[File: |
|[[File:BACON, ROBERT LCCN2016857235 (cropped).jpg|none|thumb|229x229px|37 days<br>[[Robert Bacon]] in 1909]] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[File: |
|[[File:Elihu B. Washburne seated - Brady-Handy.png|none|thumb|230x230px|11 days<br>[[Elihu B. Washburne]] in 1869]] |
||
|} |
|} |
||
This is a list of United States secretaries of state by time in office. This is based on the difference between dates; if counted by number of calendar days all the figures would be one greater. <!--(Note that the [[list of popes by length of reign]] use numbers of calendar days.)-->[[Cordell Hull]] is the only person to have served as |
This is a list of United States secretaries of state by time in office. This is based on the difference between dates; if counted by number of calendar days all the figures would be one greater. <!--(Note that the [[list of popes by length of reign]] use numbers of calendar days.)-->[[Cordell Hull]] is the only person to have served as secretary of state for more than eight years. [[Daniel Webster]] and [[James G. Blaine]] are the only secretaries of state to have ever served non-consecutive terms. [[Warren Christopher]] served very briefly as acting secretary of state non-consecutively with his later tenure as full-fledged secretary of state. [[Elihu B. Washburne]] served as secretary of state for less than two weeks before becoming [[List of ambassadors of the United States to France|ambassador to France]]. |
||
{| class="sortable wikitable" |
{| class="sortable wikitable" |
||
|- align="center" bgcolor="#cccccc" |
|- align="center" bgcolor="#cccccc" |
||
Line 1,941: | Line 1,941: | ||
== External links == |
== External links == |
||
{{Commons category|Secretaries of State of the United States}} |
{{Commons category|Secretaries of State of the United States}} |
||
*{{Official website}} |
* {{Official website}} |
||
{{USSecState}} |
{{USSecState}} |
||
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Secretaries Of State Of The United States}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Secretaries Of State Of The United States}} |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
[[Category:Lists of foreign ministers|United States]] |
[[Category:Lists of foreign ministers|United States]] |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ |
Revision as of 15:34, 5 November 2023
United States Secretary of State | |
---|---|
![]() Official seal | |
United States Department of State | |
Appointer | President of the United States |
Inaugural holder | John Jay (acting) Thomas Jefferson |
Formation | July 27, 1789 |
Succession | Fourth |
Website | www |
This is a list of secretaries of state of the United States.
Secretaries of foreign affairs (1781–1789)
On January 10, 1780, the Congress of the Confederation created the Department of Foreign Affairs.[1]
On August 10, 1781, Congress selected Robert R. Livingston, a delegate from New York, as the first Secretary for Foreign Affairs. Livingston was unable to take office until October 20, 1781. He served until June 4, 1783, and was succeeded by John Jay on December 21, 1784, who served until March 4, 1789, when the government under the Articles of Confederation gave way to the government under the Constitution.
The office of Secretary of Foreign Affairs and the Department of Foreign Affairs were reinstated by a law signed by George Washington on July 27, 1789. John Jay retained the post on an interim basis, pending the return of Thomas Jefferson from France.
No. | Portrait | Name | State of residence | Took office | Left office |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() |
Robert R. Livingston | New York | October 20, 1781 | June 4, 1783 |
2 | ![]() |
John Jay | New York | December 21, 1784 | March 4, 1789 |
— | ![]() |
John Jay
Acting |
New York | July 27, 1789 | September 15, 1789 |
Secretaries of state
On September 15, 1789, before Jefferson could return to take the post, Washington signed into law another act which changed the name of the office from Secretary of Foreign Affairs to Secretary of State, changed the name of the department to the Department of State, and added several domestic powers and responsibilities to both the office of secretary and the department. Thomas Jefferson took office as the first Secretary of State on March 22, 1790.
Denotes an interim Secretary of State
|
N° | Secretary | Party | Vote[a] | Term of office | State | President(s) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Portrait | Name | Took office | Left office | Term | |||||||
– | ![]() |
John Jay (1745–1829) |
Federalist | – | September 15, 1789 | March 22, 1790 | 188 days | New York | George Washington | ||
1 | ![]() |
Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826) [3] |
Democratic- Republican |
– | March 22, 1790 | December 31, 1793 | 3 years, 284 days | Virginia | |||
2 | ![]() |
Edmund Randolph (1753–1813) [4] |
Federalist | – | January 2, 1794 | August 20, 1795 | 1 year, 232 days | Virginia | |||
3 | ![]() |
Timothy Pickering (1745–1829) [5] |
Federalist | – | August 20, 1795 | December 10, 1795[b] | 4 years, 265 days | Pennsylvania | |||
December 10, 1795 | May 12, 1800 | ||||||||||
John Adams | |||||||||||
– | ![]() |
Charles Lee (1758–1815) [c][6] |
Federalist | – | May 13, 1800 | June 5, 1800 | 23 days | Virginia | |||
4 | ![]() |
John Marshall (1755–1835) [7] |
Federalist | – | June 13, 1800 | February 4, 1801 | 264 days | Virginia | |||
February 4, 1801 | March 4, 1801[d] | ||||||||||
– | ![]() |
Levi Lincoln Sr. (1749–1820) [c][8] |
Democratic- Republican |
– | March 5, 1801 | May 1, 1801 | 57 days | Massachusetts | Thomas Jefferson | ||
5 | ![]() |
James Madison (1751–1836) [9] |
Democratic- Republican |
– | May 2, 1801 | March 3, 1809 | 7 years, 305 days | Virginia | |||
6 | ![]() |
Robert Smith (1757–1842) [10] |
Democratic- Republican |
– | March 6, 1809 | April 1, 1811 | 2 years, 26 days | Maryland | James Madison | ||
7 | ![]() |
James Monroe (1758–1831) [11] |
Democratic- Republican |
30–0 | April 2, 1811 | September 30, 1814 | 5 years, 335 days | Virginia | |||
October 1, 1814 | February 28, 1815[b] | ||||||||||
February 28, 1815 | March 3, 1817 | ||||||||||
– | John Graham (1774–1820) [e][12] |
Democratic- Republican |
– | March 4, 1817 | March 9, 1817 | 5 days | Kentucky | James Monroe | |||
– | ![]() |
Richard Rush (1780–1859) [c][13] |
Federalist | – | March 10, 1817 | September 22, 1817 | 196 days | Pennsylvania | |||
8 | ![]() |
John Quincy Adams (1767–1848) [14] |
Democratic- Republican |
29–1 | September 22, 1817 | March 3, 1825 | 7 years, 162 days | Massachusetts | |||
– | Daniel Brent (1770–1841) [e][15] |
Democratic- Republican |
– | March 4, 1825 | March 7, 1825 | 3 days | Virginia | John Quincy Adams | |||
9 | ![]() |
Henry Clay (1777–1852) [16] |
Democratic- Republican |
27–14 | March 7, 1825 | March 3, 1829 | 3 years, 361 days | Kentucky | |||
National Republican |
|||||||||||
– | ![]() |
James Alexander Hamilton (1788–1878) [17] |
Democratic | – | March 4, 1829 | March 27, 1829 | 23 days | New York | Andrew Jackson | ||
10 | ![]() |
Martin Van Buren (1782–1862) [18] |
Democratic | 25–7 | March 28, 1829 | May 23, 1831 | 2 years, 56 days | New York | |||
11 | ![]() |
Edward Livingston (1764–1836) [19] |
Democratic | – | May 24, 1831 | May 29, 1833 | 2 years, 5 days | Louisiana | |||
12 | ![]() |
Louis McLane (1786–1857) [20] |
Democratic | [f] | May 29, 1833 | June 30, 1834 | 1 year, 32 days | Delaware | |||
13 | ![]() |
John Forsyth (1780–1841) [21] |
Democratic | – | July 1, 1834 | March 3, 1841 | 6 years, 245 days | Georgia | |||
Martin Van Buren | |||||||||||
– | Jacob L. Martin (?–1848) [e][22] |
– | – | March 4, 1841 | March 5, 1841 | 1 day | District of Columbia |
William Henry Harrison | |||
14 | ![]() |
Daniel Webster (1782–1852) [23] |
Whig | – | March 6, 1841 | May 8, 1843 | 2 years, 63 days | Massachusetts | |||
John Tyler | |||||||||||
– | ![]() |
Hugh S. Legaré (1797–1843) [c][24] |
Democratic | – | May 9, 1843 | June 20, 1843 | 42 days | South Carolina | |||
– | William S. Derrick (1802–1852) [e][25] |
– | – | June 21, 1843 | June 23, 1843 | 2 days | Pennsylvania | ||||
15 | ![]() |
Abel P. Upshur (1791–1844) [26] |
Whig | – | June 24, 1843 | July 23, 1843[g] | 220 days | Virginia | |||
July 24, 1843 | February 28, 1844 | ||||||||||
– | ![]() |
John Nelson (1791–1860) [c][27] |
Whig | – | February 29, 1844 | March 31, 1844 | 31 days | Maryland | |||
16 | ![]() |
John C. Calhoun (1782–1850) [28] |
Democratic | – | April 1, 1844 | March 10, 1845[h] | 343 days | South Carolina | |||
17 | ![]() |
James Buchanan (1791–1868) [29] |
Democratic | – | March 10, 1845 | March 7, 1849[h] | 3 years, 362 days | Pennsylvania | James K. Polk | ||
18 | ![]() |
John M. Clayton (1796–1856) [30] |
Whig | – | March 8, 1849 | July 22, 1850 | 1 year, 136 days | Delaware | Zachary Taylor | ||
Millard Fillmore | |||||||||||
19 | ![]() |
Daniel Webster (1782–1852) [23] |
Whig | – | July 23, 1850 | October 24, 1852 | 2 years, 93 days | Massachusetts | |||
– | ![]() |
Charles Magill Conrad (1804–1878) [b][31] |
Whig | – | October 25, 1852 | November 5, 1852 | 11 days | Louisiana | |||
20 | ![]() |
Edward Everett (1794–1865) [32] |
Whig | – | November 6, 1852 | March 3, 1853 | 117 days | Massachusetts | |||
– | ![]() |
William Hunter (1805–1886) [e][33] |
– | – | March 4, 1853 | March 7, 1853 | 3 days | Rhode Island | Franklin Pierce | ||
21 | ![]() |
William L. Marcy (1786–1857) [34] |
Democratic | – | March 7, 1853 | March 6, 1857[h] | 3 years, 364 days | New York | |||
22 | ![]() |
Lewis Cass (1782–1866) [35] |
Democratic | – | March 6, 1857 | December 14, 1860 | 3 years, 283 days | Michigan | James Buchanan | ||
– | ![]() |
William Hunter (1805–1886) [e][33] |
– | – | December 15, 1860 | December 16, 1860 | 1 day | Rhode Island | |||
23 | ![]() |
Jeremiah S. Black (1810–1883) [36] |
Democratic | – | December 17, 1860 | March 5, 1861[h] | 78 days | New York | |||
24 | ![]() |
William H. Seward (1801–1872) [37] |
Republican | – | March 5, 1861 | March 4, 1869 | 7 years, 364 days | New York | Abraham Lincoln | ||
Andrew Johnson | |||||||||||
25 | ![]() |
Elihu B. Washburne (1816–1887) [38] |
Republican | – | March 5, 1869 | March 16, 1869 | 11 days | Illinois | Ulysses S. Grant | ||
26 | ![]() |
Hamilton Fish (1808–1893) [39] |
Republican | – | March 17, 1869 | March 12, 1877[h] | 7 years, 360 days | New York | |||
27 | ![]() |
William M. Evarts (1818–1901) [40] |
Republican | 44–2 | March 12, 1877 | March 7, 1881[h] | 3 years, 360 days | New York | Rutherford B. Hayes | ||
28 | ![]() |
James G. Blaine (1830–1893) [41] |
Republican | – | March 7, 1881 | December 19, 1881 | 287 days | Maine | James A. Garfield | ||
Chester A. Arthur | |||||||||||
29 | ![]() |
Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen (1817–1885) [42] |
Republican | – | December 19, 1881 | March 6, 1885[h] | 3 years, 77 days | New Jersey | |||
30 | ![]() |
Thomas F. Bayard (1828–1898) [43] |
Democratic | – | March 7, 1885 | March 6, 1889[h] | 3 years, 364 days | Delaware | Grover Cleveland | ||
31 | ![]() |
James G. Blaine (1830–1893) [41] |
Republican | – | March 7, 1889 | June 4, 1892 | 3 years, 89 days | Maine | Benjamin Harrison | ||
– | ![]() |
William F. Wharton (1847–1919) [i][44] |
Republican | – | June 4, 1892 | June 29, 1892 | 25 days | Massachusetts | |||
32 | ![]() |
John W. Foster (1836–1917) [45] |
Republican | – | June 29, 1892 | February 23, 1893 | 239 days | Indiana | |||
– | ![]() |
William F. Wharton (1847–1919) [i][44] |
Republican | – | February 24, 1893 | March 6, 1893 | 10 days | Massachusetts | |||
Grover Cleveland | |||||||||||
33 | ![]() |
Walter Q. Gresham (1832–1895) [46] |
Democratic | – | March 7, 1893 | May 28, 1895 | 2 years, 82 days | Illinois | |||
– | ![]() |
Edwin F. Uhl (1841–1901) [i][47] |
Democratic | – | May 28, 1895 | June 9, 1895 | 12 days | Michigan | |||
34 | ![]() |
Richard Olney (1835–1917) [48] |
Democratic | – | June 10, 1895 | March 5, 1897[h] | 1 year, 268 days | Massachusetts | |||
35 | ![]() |
John Sherman (1823–1900) [49] |
Republican | – | March 6, 1897 | April 27, 1898 | 1 year, 52 days | Ohio | William McKinley | ||
36 | ![]() |
William R. Day (1849–1923) [50] |
Republican | – | April 28, 1898 | September 16, 1898 | 141 days | Ohio | |||
– | ![]() |
Alvey A. Adee (1842–1924) [j][51] |
Independent | – | September 17, 1898 | September 29, 1898 | 12 days | New York | |||
37 | ![]() |
John Hay (1838–1905) [52] |
Republican | – | September 30, 1898 | July 1, 1905 | 6 years, 274 days | District of Columbia | |||
Theodore Roosevelt | |||||||||||
– | ![]() |
Francis B. Loomis (1861–1948) [i][53] |
Republican | – | July 1, 1905 | July 18, 1905 | 17 days | Ohio | |||
38 | ![]() |
Elihu Root (1845–1937) [54] |
Republican | – | July 19, 1905 | January 27, 1909 | 3 years, 192 days | New York | |||
39 | ![]() |
Robert Bacon (1860–1919) [55] |
Republican | – | January 27, 1909 | March 5, 1909[h] | 37 days | New York | |||
40 | ![]() |
Philander C. Knox (1853–1921) [56] |
Republican | – | March 6, 1909 | March 5, 1913[h] | 3 years, 364 days | Pennsylvania | William Howard Taft | ||
41 | ![]() |
William Jennings Bryan (1860–1925) [57] |
Democratic | – | March 5, 1913 | June 9, 1915 | 2 years, 96 days | Nebraska | Woodrow Wilson | ||
42 | ![]() |
Robert Lansing (1864–1928) [58] |
Democratic | – | June 9, 1915 | June 24, 1915[k] | 4 years, 249 days | New York | |||
June 24, 1915 | February 13, 1920 | ||||||||||
– | ![]() |
Frank Polk (1871–1943) [l][59] |
Democratic | – | February 14, 1920 | March 14, 1920 | 29 days | New York | |||
43 | ![]() |
Bainbridge Colby (1869–1950) [60] |
Democratic | – | March 23, 1920 | March 4, 1921 | 346 days | New York | |||
44 | ![]() |
Charles Evans Hughes (1862–1948) [61] |
Republican | – | March 5, 1921 | March 4, 1925 | 3 years, 364 days | New York | Warren G. Harding | ||
Calvin Coolidge | |||||||||||
45 | ![]() |
Frank B. Kellogg (1856–1937) [62] |
Republican | – | March 5, 1925 | March 28, 1929 | 4 years, 23 days | Minnesota | |||
Herbert Hoover | |||||||||||
46 | ![]() |
Henry L. Stimson (1867–1950) [63] |
Republican | – | March 28, 1929 | March 4, 1933 | 3 years, 341 days | New York | |||
47 | ![]() |
Cordell Hull (1871–1955) [64] |
Democratic | – | March 4, 1933 | November 30, 1944 | 11 years, 271 days | Tennessee | Franklin D. Roosevelt | ||
48 | ![]() |
Edward Stettinius Jr. (1900–1949) [65] |
Democratic | 68–1 | December 1, 1944 | June 27, 1945 | 208 days | Virginia | |||
Harry S. Truman | |||||||||||
– | ![]() |
Joseph Grew (1880–1965) [l][66] |
Independent | – | June 28, 1945 | July 3, 1945 | 5 days | New Hampshire | |||
49 | ![]() |
James F. Byrnes (1882–1972) [67] |
Democratic | – | July 3, 1945 | January 21, 1947 | 1 year, 202 days | South Carolina | |||
50 | ![]() |
George C. Marshall (1880–1959) [68] |
Independent | – | January 21, 1947 | January 20, 1949 | 1 year, 365 days | Pennsylvania | |||
51 | ![]() |
Dean Acheson (1893–1971) [69] |
Democratic | 83–6 | January 21, 1949 | January 20, 1953 | 3 years, 365 days | Maryland | |||
– | ![]() |
H. Freeman Matthews (1899–1986) [l][70] |
Independent | – | January 20, 1953 | January 21, 1953 | 1 day | Maryland | Dwight D. Eisenhower | ||
52 | ![]() |
John Foster Dulles (1888–1959) [71] |
Republican | – | January 21, 1953 | April 22, 1959 | 6 years, 91 days | New York | |||
53 | ![]() |
Christian Herter (1895–1966) [72] |
Republican | 93–0 | April 22, 1959 | January 20, 1961 | 1 year, 273 days | Massachusetts | |||
– | ![]() |
Livingston T. Merchant (1903–1976) [m][73] |
Independent | – | January 20, 1961 | January 21, 1961 | 1 day | District of Columbia |
John F. Kennedy | ||
54 | ![]() |
Dean Rusk (1909–1994) [74] |
Democratic | – | January 21, 1961 | January 20, 1969 | 7 years, 365 days | New York | |||
Lyndon B. Johnson | |||||||||||
– | ![]() |
Charles E. Bohlen (1904–1974) [n][75] |
Independent | – | January 20, 1969 | January 22, 1969 | 2 days | District of Columbia |
Richard Nixon | ||
55 | ![]() |
William P. Rogers (1913–2001) [76] |
Republican | – | January 22, 1969 | September 3, 1973 | 4 years, 224 days | Maryland | |||
– | ![]() |
Kenneth Rush (1910–1994) [o][77] |
Republican | – | September 3, 1973 | September 22, 1973 | 19 days | Florida | |||
56 | ![]() |
Henry Kissinger (b. 1923) [78] |
Republican | 78–7 | September 22, 1973 | January 20, 1977 | 3 years, 120 days | District of Columbia | |||
Gerald Ford | |||||||||||
– | ![]() |
Philip Habib (1920–1992) [m][79] |
Independent | – | January 20, 1977 | January 23, 1977 | 3 days | California | Jimmy Carter | ||
57 | ![]() |
Cyrus Vance (1917–2002) [80] |
Democratic | Voice | January 23, 1977 | April 28, 1980 | 3 years, 96 days | New York | |||
– | ![]() |
Warren Christopher (1925–2011) [o][81] |
Democratic | – | April 28, 1980 | May 2, 1980 | 4 days | California | |||
– | ![]() |
David D. Newsom (1918–2008) [m][82] |
Independent | – | May 2, 1980 | May 3, 1980 | 1 day | California | |||
– | Richard N. Cooper (1934–2020) [p][83] |
Independent | – | May 3, 1980 | 0 days | Connecticut | |||||
– | ![]() |
David D. Newsom (1918–2008) [m][82] |
Independent | – | May 3, 1980 | May 4, 1980 | 1 day | California | |||
– | ![]() |
Warren Christopher (1925–2011) [o][81] |
Democratic | – | May 4, 1980 | May 8, 1980 | 4 days | California | |||
58 | ![]() |
Edmund Muskie (1914–1996) [84] |
Democratic | 94–2 | May 8, 1980 | January 18, 1981 | 255 days | Maine | |||
– | ![]() |
David D. Newsom (1918–2008) [m][82] |
Independent | – | January 18, 1981 | January 22, 1981 | 4 days | California | |||
59 | ![]() |
Alexander Haig (1924–2010) [85] |
Republican | 93–6 | January 22, 1981 | July 5, 1982 | 1 year, 164 days | Connecticut | Ronald Reagan | ||
– | ![]() |
Walter J. Stoessel Jr. (1920–1986) [o][86] |
Independent | – | July 5, 1982 | July 16, 1982 | 11 days | California | |||
60 | ![]() |
George Shultz (1920–2021) [87] |
Republican | 97–0 | July 16, 1982 | January 20, 1989 | 6 years, 188 days | California | |||
– | ![]() |
Michael Armacost (b. 1937) [m][88] |
Independent | – | January 20, 1989 | January 25, 1989 | 5 days | Maryland | George H. W. Bush | ||
61 | ![]() |
James Baker (b. 1930) [89] |
Republican | 99–0 | January 25, 1989 | August 23, 1992 | 3 years, 211 days | Texas | |||
62 | ![]() |
Lawrence Eagleburger (1930–2011) [90] |
Republican | – | August 23, 1992 | December 8, 1992[o] | 150 days | Florida | |||
Recess | December 8, 1992 | January 20, 1993 | |||||||||
– | Arnold Kanter (1945–2010) [p][91] |
Independent | – | January 20, 1993 | 0 days | District of Columbia | |||||
– | ![]() |
Frank G. Wisner (b. 1938) [p][92] |
Independent | – | January 20, 1993 | 0 days | District of Columbia |
Bill Clinton | |||
63 | ![]() |
Warren Christopher (1925–2011) [81] |
Democratic | Voice | January 20, 1993 | January 17, 1997 | 3 years, 363 days | California | |||
64 | ![]() |
Madeleine Albright (1937–2022) [93] |
Democratic | 99–0 | January 23, 1997 | January 20, 2001 | 3 years, 363 days | District of Columbia | |||
65 | ![]() |
Colin Powell (1937–2021) [94] |
Republican | Voice | January 20, 2001 | January 26, 2005 | 4 years, 6 days | Virginia | George W. Bush | ||
66 | ![]() |
Condoleezza Rice (b. 1954) [95] |
Republican | 85–13 | January 26, 2005 | January 20, 2009 | 3 years, 360 days | California | |||
– | ![]() |
William J. Burns (b. 1956) [m] |
Independent | – | January 20, 2009 | January 21, 2009 | 1 day | District of Columbia |
Barack Obama | ||
67 | ![]() |
Hillary Clinton (b. 1947) [96] |
Democratic | 94–2 | January 21, 2009 | February 1, 2013 | 4 years, 11 days | New York | |||
68 | ![]() |
John Kerry (b. 1943) [97] |
Democratic | 94–3 | February 1, 2013 | January 20, 2017 | 3 years, 354 days | Massachusetts | |||
– | ![]() |
Thomas A. Shannon Jr. (b. 1958 ) [m][98] |
Republican | – | January 20, 2017 | February 1, 2017 | 12 days | Minnesota | Donald Trump | ||
69 | ![]() |
Rex Tillerson (b. 1952) [99] |
Republican | 55–43 | February 1, 2017 | March 31, 2018 | 1 year, 58 days | Texas | |||
– | ![]() |
John J. Sullivan (b. 1959) [o] |
Republican | – | April 1, 2018 | April 26, 2018 | 25 days | Massachusetts | |||
70 | ![]() |
Mike Pompeo (b. 1963) [100] |
Republican | 57–42 | April 26, 2018 | January 20, 2021 | 2 years, 269 days | Kansas | |||
– | ![]() |
Daniel Bennett Smith (b. 1956) [q][101] |
Independent | – | January 20, 2021 | January 26, 2021 | 6 days | Virginia | Joe Biden | ||
71 | ![]() |
Antony Blinken (b. 1962) [102] |
Democratic | 78–22 | January 26, 2021 | Incumbent | 3 years, 166 days | New York |
List of secretaries of state by time in office
![]() Cordell Hull from 1933 to 1944 |
![]() Dean Rusk from 1961 to 1969 |
![]() William H. Seward from 1861 to 1869 |
![]() Lawrence Eagleburger from 1992 to 1993 |
![]() Robert Bacon in 1909 |
![]() Elihu B. Washburne in 1869 |
This is a list of United States secretaries of state by time in office. This is based on the difference between dates; if counted by number of calendar days all the figures would be one greater. Cordell Hull is the only person to have served as secretary of state for more than eight years. Daniel Webster and James G. Blaine are the only secretaries of state to have ever served non-consecutive terms. Warren Christopher served very briefly as acting secretary of state non-consecutively with his later tenure as full-fledged secretary of state. Elihu B. Washburne served as secretary of state for less than two weeks before becoming ambassador to France.
Notes
- ^ Where no vote is listed, confirmation was by voice vote or otherwise unrecorded.[2]
- ^ a b c As Secretary of War.
- ^ a b c d e As Attorney General.
- ^ As Chief Justice of the United States.
- ^ a b c d e f As Chief Clerk of the State Department.
- ^ This appears to have been a recess appointment that was never submitted to the Senate.[2]
- ^ As Secretary of the Navy.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k In addition to the president listed, this secretary of state served for a brief period of time (eight days or less) under that president's successor until a replacement could be named and confirmed.
- ^ a b c d As Assistant Secretary of State.
- ^ As Second Assistant Secretary of State.
- ^ As Counselor for the Department of State.
- ^ a b c As Under Secretary of State.
- ^ a b c d e f g h As Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs.
- ^ As Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs.
- ^ a b c d e f As Deputy Secretary of State.
- ^ a b c As Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs.
- ^ As Director of the Foreign Service Institute.
References
- ^ "Secret Committee of Correspondence/Committee for Foreign Affairs, 1775–1777". U.S. Department of State. September 5, 2007. Retrieved January 17, 2010.
- ^ a b "Cabinet Nominations, since 1789" (PDF). legacy-assets.eenews.net/. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edmund Jennings Randolph (1753–1813)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Timothy Pickering (1745–1829)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Charles Lee (1758–1815)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Marshall (1755–1835)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Levi Lincoln (1749–1820)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Madison (1751–1836)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Robert Smith (1757–1842)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Monroe (1758–1831)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "John Graham (1774–1820)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Richard Rush (1780–1859)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Quincy Adams (1767–1848)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Daniel Carroll Brent (1770–1841)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Henry Clay (1777–1852)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "James Alexander Hamilton (1788–1878)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Martin Van Buren (1782–1862)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edward Livingston (1764–1836)". [[Office of the Historian]. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Louis McLane (1786–1857)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Forsyth (1780–1841)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Jacob L. Martin (?–1848)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ a b "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Daniel Webster (1782–1852)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Hugh Swinton Legare (1797–1843)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "William S. Derrick (?–1852)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Abel Parker Upshur (1791–1844)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "John Nelson (1794–1860)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Caldwell Calhoun (1782–1850)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Buchanan (1791–1868)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Middleton Clayton (1796–1856)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Charles Magill Conrad (1804–1878)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edward Everett (1794–1865)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ a b "William Hunter (1805–1886)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Learned Marcy (1786–1857)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Lewis Cass (1782–1866)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Jeremiah Sullivan Black (1810–1883)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Henry Seward (1801–1872)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Elihu Benjamin Washburne (1816–1887)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Hamilton Fish (1808–1893)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Maxwell Evarts (1818–1901)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ a b "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Gillespie Blaine (1830–1893)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen (1817–1885)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Thomas Francis Bayard (1828–1898)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
- ^ a b "William Fisher Wharton (1847–1919)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Watson Foster (1836–1917)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Walter Quintin Gresham (1832–1895)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
- ^ "Edwin Fuller Uhl (1841–1901)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Richard Olney (1835–1917)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Sherman (1823–1900)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Rufus Day (1849–1923)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
- ^ "Alvey Augustus Adee (1842–1924)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Milton Hay (1838–1905)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
- ^ "Francis Butler Loomis (1861–1948)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Elihu Root (1845–1937)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Robert Bacon (1860–1919)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Philander Chase Knox (1853–1921)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Jennings Bryan (1860–1925)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Robert Lansing (1864–1928)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
- ^ "Frank Lyon Polk (1871–1943)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Bainbridge Colby (1869–1950)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 11, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Charles Evans Hughes (1862–1948)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 11, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Frank Billings Kellogg (1856–1937)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 11, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Henry Lewis Stimson (1867–1950)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 11, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Cordell Hull (1871–1955)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 11, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edward Reilly Stettinius Jr. (1900–1949)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 11, 2021.
- ^ "Joseph Clark Grew (1880–1965)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Francis Byrnes (1882–1972)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 11, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: George Catlett Marshall (1880–1959)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Dean Gooderham Acheson (1893–1971)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Harrison Freeman Matthews (1899–1986)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Foster Dulles (1888–1959)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Christian Archibald Herter (1895–1966)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Livingston Tallmadge Merchant (1903–1976)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: David Dean Rusk (1909–1994)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Charles Eustis Bohlen (1904–1974)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: William Pierce Rogers (1913–2001)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Kenneth Rush (1910–1994)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Henry A. (Heinz Alfred) Kissinger (1923–)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Philip Charles Habib (1920–1992)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Cyrus Roberts Vance (1917–2002)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ a b c "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Warren Minor Christopher (1925–2011)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ a b c "David Dunlap Newsom (1918–2008)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Richard Newell Cooper (1934–)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edmund Sixtus Muskie (1914–1996)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Alexander Meigs Haig Jr. (1924–2010)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Walter John Stoessel Jr. (1920–1986)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: George Pratt Shultz (1920–2021)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Michael Hayden Armacost (1937–)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: James Addison Baker III (1930–)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Lawrence Sidney Eagleburger (1930–2011)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ Friedman, Thomas L. (January 20, 1993). "Clinton Rounds Out State Dept. Team". The New York Times.
- ^ "Frank G. Wisner II (1938–)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Madeleine Korbel Albright (1937–)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Colin Luther Powell (1937–2021)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Condoleezza Rice (1954–)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Hillary Rodham Clinton (1947–)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: John Forbes Kerry (1943–)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Thomas Alfred Shannon Jr. (1958–)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Rex W. Tillerson (1952–)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Michael R. Pompeo (1963–)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Daniel Bennett Smith (1956–)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
- ^ "Antony Blinken (1962–)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
Further reading
- Bemis, Samuel Flagg, ed. The American secretaries of state and their diplomacy (19 vol., 1963) scholarly biographies. partly online
- Graebner, Norman A., ed. An Uncertain Tradition: American Secretaries of State in the Twentieth Century (1961) scholarly essays on John Hay through John Foster Dulles. online
- Hopkins, Michael F. "President Harry Truman's Secretaries of State: Stettinius, Byrnes, Marshall and Acheson." Journal of Transatlantic Studies 6.3 (2008): 290–304.
- Mihalkanin Edward, ed. American Statesmen: Secretaries of State from John Jay to Colin Powell (2004); short scholarly articles by experts; 572pp online
External links
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