Trifolium reflexum: Difference between revisions
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'''''Trifolium reflexum''''', the '''Buffalo Clover''',<ref>{{PLANTS|id=TRRE2|taxon=Trifolium reflexum|accessdate=15 December 2015}}</ref> is a [[species]] of [[clover]] native to the [[Eastern United States]]. It is found in areas of natural openings including woodlands, glades, and prairies, often in acidic areas.<ref>[http://www.missouriplants.com/Whitealt/Trifolium_reflexum_page.html Missouriplants]</ref> It is an annual or biennial that produces white to dark pink flowers in the late spring. |
'''''Trifolium reflexum''''', the '''Buffalo Clover''',<ref>{{PLANTS|id=TRRE2|taxon=Trifolium reflexum|accessdate=15 December 2015}}</ref> is a [[species]] of [[clover]] native to the [[Eastern United States]]. It is found in areas of natural openings including woodlands, glades, and prairies, often in acidic areas.<ref>[http://www.missouriplants.com/Whitealt/Trifolium_reflexum_page.html Missouriplants]</ref> It is an annual or biennial that produces white to dark pink flowers in the late spring. |
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Early in the [[European colonization of the Americas]], clover species, likely including T. reflexum as well as related species such as [[Trifolium stoloniferum|T. stoloniferum]], were recorded as forming a major component of the plant life in meadows and open woodlands, often in association with [[Arundinaria gigantea|river cane]], [[Urtica|nettles]], and other legumes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Campbell |first1=Julian |last2=Evans |first2=Marc |last3=Medley |first3=Max E. |last4=Taylor |first4=Norman L. |title=BUFFALO CLOVERS IN KENTUCKY (TRIFOLIUM STOLONIFERUM AND T. REFLEXUM): HISTORICAL RECORDS, PRESETTLEMENT ENVIRONMENT, REDISCOVERY, ENDANGERED STATUS, CULTIVATION AND CHROMOSOME NUMBER |journal=Rhodora |date=1988 |volume=90 |issue=864}}</ref> |
Early in the [[European colonization of the Americas]], clover species, likely including ''T. reflexum'' as well as related species such as [[Trifolium stoloniferum|''T. stoloniferum'']], were recorded as forming a major component of the plant life in meadows and open woodlands, often in association with [[Arundinaria gigantea|river cane]], [[Urtica|nettles]], and other legumes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Campbell |first1=Julian |last2=Evans |first2=Marc |last3=Medley |first3=Max E. |last4=Taylor |first4=Norman L. |title=BUFFALO CLOVERS IN KENTUCKY (TRIFOLIUM STOLONIFERUM AND T. REFLEXUM): HISTORICAL RECORDS, PRESETTLEMENT ENVIRONMENT, REDISCOVERY, ENDANGERED STATUS, CULTIVATION AND CHROMOSOME NUMBER |journal=Rhodora |date=1988 |volume=90 |issue=864}}</ref> |
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Like many native clovers of the Eastern United States, ''Trifolium reflexum'''s populations have declined considerably in the past 200 years. For this species, fire suppression is indicated as a significant cause for decline.<ref>[http://naturepreserves.ohiodnr.gov/portals/dnap/pdf/Rare_Plant_Abstracts/Trifolium_reflexum.pdf Ohio Department of Natural Resources]</ref> [[Controlled burn]]s have been found to stimulate seed germination in T. reflexum.<ref>{{cite web |title=Trifolium Reflexum (Buffalo clover) |url=https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/trifolium-reflexum/ |website=NC State Extension}}</ref> |
Like many native clovers of the Eastern United States, ''Trifolium reflexum'''s populations have declined considerably in the past 200 years. For this species, fire suppression is indicated as a significant cause for decline.<ref>[http://naturepreserves.ohiodnr.gov/portals/dnap/pdf/Rare_Plant_Abstracts/Trifolium_reflexum.pdf Ohio Department of Natural Resources]</ref> [[Controlled burn]]s have been found to stimulate seed germination in ''T. reflexum''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Trifolium Reflexum (Buffalo clover) |url=https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/trifolium-reflexum/ |website=NC State Extension}}</ref> |
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== As host plant == |
== As host plant == |
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Buffalo clover is a host plant for the caterpillars of the following butterfly species: |
Buffalo clover is a host plant for the caterpillars of the following butterfly species: |
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* [[Colias philodice]] |
* ''[[Colias philodice]]'' |
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* [[Colias eurytheme]] |
* ''[[Colias eurytheme]]'' |
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* [[Everes comyntas]] |
* ''[[Everes comyntas]]'' |
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* [[Strymon melinus]] |
* ''[[Strymon melinus]]'' |
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* [[Thorybes pylades]] |
* ''[[Thorybes pylades]]'' |
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Revision as of 16:43, 12 November 2023
| Trifolium reflexum | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Subfamily: | Faboideae |
| Genus: | Trifolium |
| Species: | T. reflexum
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| Binomial name | |
| Trifolium reflexum | |
Trifolium reflexum, the Buffalo Clover,[2] is a species of clover native to the Eastern United States. It is found in areas of natural openings including woodlands, glades, and prairies, often in acidic areas.[3] It is an annual or biennial that produces white to dark pink flowers in the late spring.
Early in the European colonization of the Americas, clover species, likely including T. reflexum as well as related species such as T. stoloniferum, were recorded as forming a major component of the plant life in meadows and open woodlands, often in association with river cane, nettles, and other legumes.[4]
Like many native clovers of the Eastern United States, Trifolium reflexum's populations have declined considerably in the past 200 years. For this species, fire suppression is indicated as a significant cause for decline.[5] Controlled burns have been found to stimulate seed germination in T. reflexum.[6]
As host plant
Buffalo clover is a host plant for the caterpillars of the following butterfly species:
Gallery
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Trifolium reflexum - Close-up of flowers -
Top of flower -
Adaxial side of leaf, showing chevrons and slight pubescence -
Pubescent stem, stipule, and petioles
References
- ^ "Trifolium reflexum". NatureServe. Retrieved 2014-07-03.
- ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Trifolium reflexum". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
- ^ Missouriplants
- ^ Campbell, Julian; Evans, Marc; Medley, Max E.; Taylor, Norman L. (1988). "BUFFALO CLOVERS IN KENTUCKY (TRIFOLIUM STOLONIFERUM AND T. REFLEXUM): HISTORICAL RECORDS, PRESETTLEMENT ENVIRONMENT, REDISCOVERY, ENDANGERED STATUS, CULTIVATION AND CHROMOSOME NUMBER". Rhodora. 90 (864).
- ^ Ohio Department of Natural Resources
- ^ "Trifolium Reflexum (Buffalo clover)". NC State Extension.
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